2005 10

31 10

Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

October 2005
Vol. 31 No 10

GLONASS

( , 100083)

( , 710054)

( , 100083)

: . GLONASS

( Global Navigation Satellite System) ,

,
,.
30 min,
0. 827 m,0. 224 m 0. 025 m. ,

.
: ; ; ; ;

: P 228

: A : 10015965(2005)10106605

Error analysis of prediction orbit determined by GLONASS ephemeris

Ma Jun

( School of Astronautics, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing 100083, China)

Jiao Wenhai

( Satellite Navigation Positioning Laboratory, Xi an Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Xi an 710054, China)

Xiao Yelun

( School of Astronautics, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing 100083, China)

Abstract: The equation of satellite orbital motion was derived in the conventional terrestrial coordinate

system. By analyzing the fitting precision of satellite prediction orbit determined by GLONASS( global naviga

tion satellite system) broadcast ephemeris,it is pointed out that the simplified models of perturbation force, the

choice of numerical integration methods and the neglect of the polar motion are main factors causing the orbit
fitting error, among which the simplified models of perturbation force is the most effective one. Through in

tegrating the equation of orbital motion of satellite for 30 min, it can be found that the orbit fitting error due to
the simplified force model, the numerical integration method and the neglect of the polar motion are respective

ly 0. 827 m, 0. 224 m and 0. 025 m. Therefore controlling the precision loss of orbital prediction cased by the
simplification of models of perturbation force, especially by the truncation of high order terms of Earth gravita
tional perturbation and simplification of models of Sun and lunar gravitational fields can improve the fitting pre
cision of prediction orbit.

Key words: GLONASS( global navigation satellite system) ; broadcast ephemeris; conventional terrestri

: 20040609

: 863 (2002AA713011)

: (1964-) ,,,, julianma@ 263. net. cn.

 10

: GLONASS

al coordinate system; prediction orbit; fitting precision

1067

1 GLONASS

,,
. ,
:

1) GPS( Global Positioning System)

,
15 , 2 h
, GPS ,

[1]

2) GLONASS ( Global Navigation Satellite

System) ,

, 30 min ,

,
J2000 ,
[4]
r i = F( t,r i ,ri ) / m = r iTB + r iNS + r iNB + (1)
i ;r i ,ri ,r i ,
; r iTB
;r iNS
;r iNB ,,

,.
,

,(1) .

,
[2] .

( )
r e , re , r e ,

GLONASS ,

[5]

GPS ,

J2000

,,
. ,

; ;N
;P , 4 .
,

r i = ( NP) -1 r e = P T N T T T r e (3)

[5]

= R y( - x p ) R x( - y p )
1
0

- xp

[3] .

GPS ,

,,
,,

2 h 0. 01 m(1) [3] .
GLONASS ,
,
,15 min
0. 77 m (1) [2] . , GLONASS

.
,

(2)

r e = NPr i

0
1

yp

xp

- yp

(4)

re = NPri + NPr
i

(5)

r e (6)
ri = P N re + P N
T

,
0

= - 1

1
0
0

0
- 1

0 =

0
1
0
0

(7)

. (5)

, 2

,
r e = NPr i + 2NP

ri + NPr
i

GLONASS
.

(8)

1068

(7)

- 1
2

= 0

-1

(14) .

0 =

0
- 1 0 0
2 0 - 1 0
(9)

0 0 0
,(8)
,,
(3) (6) (7) (9) (8)
r e = NPr i + 2NP

T T
T
T
T
T
T
T
( P N re + P N re ) +

NP
( P T N T T T r e

(10) 2

2NP
( P T N T T T re +

(10)

- 1 0 0
2
0 - 1 0 T r e
(12)

0 0 0
(11) (12) (10)
0 1 0
r e = NPr i + 2 - 1 0 0

0 0 0
1 0 0
T
2

r e + 0 1 0 T r e (13)

0 0 0
(4) (13) ,,

0 1 0
r e = NPr i + 2 - 1 0 0 re +

0 0 0
0 0 y p
1 0 0
2
0 1 0 r e + 2 0 0 x p re +

- y
0 0 0
- x p 0
p
0
0

yp

- xp

y p r e

(14) ,
0

r e = NPr i + 2 - 1

0
1
0

0
2

0
1
0

1
0
0

0 r e

0 re +

0
(15)

,
. ,(15)
( )
. (15) 2
, 3 , 1

0 1 0

T T T
T
P N r e ) = 2 - 1 0 0 T

0 0 0
1 0 0
re + 22 0 1 0 T r e
(11)

0 0 0
(10) 3

NP
( P T N T T T r e ) =

0
2
0

- xp

2005

(14)

3 .

J2 ,

(15) GLONASS ,

2
2
r x = - x - 3 J2 a e x 1 - 5z +
3
5
2
2
r
r
r
2
x + 2V y + x

2
e

2
r y = - y - 3 J2 a y 1 - 5z +
3
5
2
2
r
r
r
2

y - 2V x + x
2
e

r z = - z - 3 J2 a z 3 - 5z
2
r3
r5
r2

(16)

) + z

(17)

(18)

r = x +y +z ,x,y,z PZ90
2

; ;a e
y,
z
;J2 ; x,
. GLONASS
,30 min
,
. , GLONASS ICD2002E ( 17 )
(18) .

2
(14)
,,
, 4 .
,
,,(14)
4 5 ,
. (14) 2 3
( ,

 10

: GLONASS

1069

) . 4 ,
,,
. (14) 1
,,
(
) ,
,.

,
.
,
8 ,.
(14) (16) ~ (18) ,,GLO

NASS 15 min
0. 77 m,:

1) ,,

, GLONASS

(16) ~ (18) , 14 KSG

, . , 4
RungeKutta( RK) ,,
,
, 2,,30 min,
0. 224 m.

4 RungeKutta ,
,;

2) ,GLONASS

,;

3)

, GLONASS .

1999 4 1 ,GLONASS R09

2 14 KSG 4 RK

,(16) ~ (18)

, KSG ,

(14) ,

30 min,. ,

, 3, , 30

( 8 ) ,
,,

min , 0. 025 m.

,,
. ,
J2 ,
;

30 min,,
.
3 ,,
.

1 ,

,30 min,,
0. 059 m; J2 ,

0. 465 m; ,
0. 427 m,0. 827 m.

1070

2005

3
,

0. 2 m,

.
, GLONASS
,:

1)

, 4

. ,
,
,;
,
. ,
3 .

2) GLONASS

, 4 RungeKutta
,,

. ,
,,

,30 min 0. 5 m,

. 4 Runge
Kutta ,30 min

,
3) GLONASS

.
( References)

[1] . GPS [ M] . :
,2003. 97 ~ 102

Liu Jiyu. GPS navigation positioning principle and technique

[ M] . Beijing: Science Press,2003. 97 ~ 102( in Chinese)

[2] ICDGLONASS. GLONASS interface control document. version

5. 0 [ R] . ICD2002E, Moscow: Coordination Scientific Informa
tion center,2002

[3] Van Dierendonk A J. ,

[ M] . :,1983. 64 ~ 87

Van Dierendonk A J. The GPS navigation message, NAVSTAR

GPS[ M] . Beijing: Surveying and Mapping Publishing House,

1983. 64 ~ 87( in Chinese)

[4] . [ M] . :,
1995. 79

Li Jisheng. Satellite precision orbit determination[ M] . Beijing:

Army Publishing House,1995. 79( in Chinse)

[5] Oliver Montenbruck,Eberhard Gill. Satellite orbits models meth

ods applications[ M] . Berlin: Springer,2000. 169 ~ 185

( 1065 )
4
SAR

[2] Dirk J C. Motion compensation for synthetic aperture radar[ J] .

1 m SAR

ted data using a chirp scaling approach with integrated motion

, IMU / GPS
,
,
, SAR
.
( References)

[1] Madson S N, Christensen E L, Skou N, et al. The Danish SAR

system: design and initial test[ J] . IEEE Trans, on GRS, 1991,

29(3) :417 ~ 425

IEEE Trans, on AES, 1975, 11(3) :338 ~ 348

[3] Moreira A, Huang Y. Airborne SAR processing of highly squin

compensation[ J] . IEEE Trans, on GRS, 1994, 32(5) :1029 ~

1040

[4] Wahl D E, Eichel P H, Ghiglia D C, et al. Phase gradient auto

focusa robust tool for high resolution SAR phase correction

[ J] . IEEE Trans, on AES, 1994, 30(3) :827 ~ 835

[5] Berizzi F, Corsini G. Autofocusing of inverse synthetic aperture

radar images using contrast optimization [ J] . IEEE Trans, on
AES, 1996, 32(2) :1185 ~ 1191