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Gear System

This document discusses inertia and moment of inertia as it relates to motor sizing for driving loads through gear systems. It provides formulas for calculating the torque at the gear unit input, the inertia ratio, and acceleration time based on the motor torque, load torque, and inertias of the motor, load, and gear unit. It also shows how to calculate the load inertia reflected to the motor shaft based on the gear ratio. Conversion factors are provided between different units used to measure moment of inertia.

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walmir.f.navarro
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602 views2 pages

Gear System

This document discusses inertia and moment of inertia as it relates to motor sizing for driving loads through gear systems. It provides formulas for calculating the torque at the gear unit input, the inertia ratio, and acceleration time based on the motor torque, load torque, and inertias of the motor, load, and gear unit. It also shows how to calculate the load inertia reflected to the motor shaft based on the gear ratio. Conversion factors are provided between different units used to measure moment of inertia.

Uploaded by

walmir.f.navarro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

INERTIA GEAR SYSTEM – BASIC W.F.

Navarro/2019

It is important to know about moment of inertia to ensure proper motor sizing.


The Inertial mass of an object is its resistance to any change in rotational speed.
Below, the system show us a motor driving a pair of cylindrical gears which reduce the
speed, for driven of a load.

Where:
Tm = Torque of the motor
TL = torque of the load
nm = motor speed
nL = load speed
u = gear ratio = Z2/Z1 = nm/nL
JL = load inertia
Jm = motor inertia

When the motor is starting to drive the input shaft of a gear unit, and this gear
unit drives a load by its output shaft, the torque over the gear unit TGR (input shaft) is:

TGR[Nm] = (Tmax - TL1) x (1 - k) + TL1


Where:
TL1[Nm]: is the load torque on the input shaft
Tmax[Nm]: is the maximum torque of the motor

k = inertia ratio = k = Jm / (Jm + JL1 + J1)

Where:
JL1[kg.m²] = Load inertia reflected to the motor shaft
J1[kg.m²] = gear unit inertia reflected to the motor shaft

Leaving out the efficiency we can calculate the acceleration time in seconds (ta)
with the follow formula:

ta[s] = nm x (Jm + JL1 + J1) / [ 9,55 x (Tmax – TL1)]


In applications of geamotors which involve inertia in the calculations, we
generally have to consider the inertia of the load reflected on the motor shaft and this
is done dividinding the inercia of the load by the square gear ratio, Following we are
going to demonstrate the formula for reflected inertia on the motor shaft JL1 = JL / u².

αm = = angular acceleration of the motor = u.αL (αL=angular acceleration of the load)

TL = u.Tm
TL = JL.αL

u.Tm = JL.αm/u
Tm = (JL/u²).αm >>> Tm = (JL1).αm

Reflected inertia on the motor shaft is: JL1 = JL / u²

We often see in the geamotors catalogues the inertias GD², WR² or J; following
we have the relation between these inertias.

J = m.r²
G = m.g
J = G. r² / g ...... (r = D/2) >>> J = G.D² / (4.g)

J [kg.m²] = G.D² [kgf.m²] / 4

G and D are from german: G=Gewicht (weight) and D=durchmesser (diameter)


W and R are from english: W=Weight and R=Radius (UK, US unit system)

Following we have a table with convertion of moment of inertia.

Another commonly unit used in the UK, US unit systems is the Slug-Square Foot
(slug-ft²); which slug is defined as the mass that is accelerated by one ft/s2 when a
force of one pound (lbf) is exerted on it (1 Slug = lbf.s²/ft ); it is equal to about 32.2
pounds. Slug-ft² can be converted to the corresponding standard SI unit kg.m² by
multiplying its value by a factor of 1.356 (please see in the table ft.lbf.s²).

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