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5 - MT - Nutrition in Elderly
5 - MT - Nutrition in Elderly
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environment, judgement, and/or abstract thinking as from getting pressure ulcers and heal faster if you are
well as loss of the ability to perform usual tasks receiving adequate nutrition.
associated with self-care and day – to – day function.
• Eat enough calories: If you are losing weight
1. Limit intake of saturated and trans fats or are eating less than 75% of your daily needs
Saturated and trans fats have been associated or less than 75% of your normal intake, consult
with dementia. Saturated fat is found in animal your physician or dietitian.
products like meat, eggs, and dairy while trans fats
are found in many packed foods. Avoid words like • Eat protein at every meal: Your body needs
“partially hydrogenated oil” on food labels. protein to grow new cells and heal your
wounds or prevent wounds from occurring.
2. Increase your intake of plant-based foods Including one protein source at each meal will
Vegetables, fruits, legumes (beans peas, and help to make sure you are getting enough
lentils) and whole grains should become protein.
primary staples of the diet. Increasing plant-
based foods in the diet will help you eat less • Drink fluids throughout the day to stay
saturated fats from meat and dairy as well as hydrated: The body is made up of 50 - 60%
provide an abundance of phytochemicals. water. Water also moves nutrients where they
are needed to help heal wounds. Aim for 6 - 8
3. Consume 15 milligrams of vitamin E from cups of water each day.
foods everyday Vitamin E is an antioxidant
which scavenges toxic free radicals, which • Take a multivitamin with minerals: Unless
may contribute to cognitive impairment, eat there is a known deficiency, there is no need to
more seeds, nuts, leafy green vegetables, and whole mega dose on any particular vitamin or
grains to increase vita- 4 min E in your diet. mineral but taking a daily multivitamin will
help you to receive all the essential vitamins
4. Take a B12 supplement Vitamin B12 is that you need each day.
important for healthy nerves and red blood
cells. Recommended daily dose (2.4 Nutrition During Old Age
micrograms for adults). Some dementias are Eating right and staying fit are important no matter
caused by a deficiency in vitamin B12 and are what your age. As we get older our bodies have
reversible when treated. Choose a reliable source of different needs, so certain nutrients become especially
B12 such as fortified foods or a supplement that important for good health.
provides at least the recommended daily dose (2.4
micrograms for adults)
Calcium and Vitamin D
Older adults need more calcium and vitamin D to help
5. Avoid vitamins with iron and copper. We now maintain bone health. To meet these needs, select calcium-
know there is a confirmed link between high levels rich foods and beverages and aim for three servings of low-
of iron and copper and increased risk of fat or fat-free dairy products each day. Other sources of
Alzheimer's you are using a multivitamin, choose calcium include fortified cereals and fruit juices, dark green
one without iron and copper and only take an iron leafy vegetables, canned fish with soft bones, and fortified
supplement if advised by your physician. plant-based beverages. Good sources of vitamin D include
fatty fish, such as salmon, eggs and fortified foods and
6. Choose aluminum free products. While the beverages. If you take a calcium supplement or
details as to how aluminum contributes to multivitamin, choose one that contains vitamin D.
Alzheimer's is under glutinous investigation, it is
recommended to reduce exposure {aluminum. Vitamin B12
Minimize aluminum cookware, antacids, baking Some adults older than 50 may not be able to absorb enough
powder, and other aluminum containing products. vitamin B12. Fortified cereal, lean meat and some fish and
seafood are sources of vitamin B12, ask your doctor or a
7. Exercise at least 120 minutes each week registered dietitian nutritionist if you need a vitamin B12
Aerobic exercise is associated with a reduced supplement.
risk of cognitive impairment and dementia. Fortified means extra nutrients added.
Walking, swimming, raking the yard, or any the
activity that increases your heart rate and Dietary Fiber
breathing counts! Eat fiber – rich to stay regular. Dietary fiber also may help
lower your risk for heart disease and reduce your risk for
Pressure Ulcers & Other Skin Conditions Type 2 diabetes. Eat whole-grain breads and cereals, and
Pressure ulcers form when an area of skin is subjected more beans and peas - along with fruits and vegetables
to constant pressure or friction. However, what many which also provide dietary fiber.
people don't know is that you can arm yourself
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Potassium o Iron
Consuming adequate potassium, along with limiting sodium o Vit. B6
(salt) intake, may lower your risk of high blood pressure. o Vit E
Fruits, vegetables, beans and low-fat o Vit B12 and Folacin
or fat-free dairy products are good sources of potassium. o Vit C
Also, select and prepare foods with little or no added salt. o Copper
Add flavor to food with herbs and spices. o Zinc
o Vit. D
Know Your Fats o Thiamin
Most of the fats you eat should be polyunsaturated and o Water
monounsaturated fats, which are primarily found in
nuts, seeds, avocados, vegetable oils and fish. Choose Factors Affecting the Nutritional Status
foods that are low in saturated fat and trans-fat to help Physiological Factors
reduce your risk of heart disease. • Emotional stress can impair their ability to
utilized the ingested nutrients properly:
CHRONIC DEGENERATIVE DISEASES IN 1. Anxiety
ELDERLY: 2. Depression
1. Arthritis 3. Suspicion
Is the inflammation of one or more joints, 4. Confusion
which results in pain swelling and stiffness 5. Loss of memory
with limited movements.
Cultural Factors
2. Rheumatism Upon reaching old age many elder tend
is a non-specific term for medical problems
affecting the joints and connective tissues. Physical Factors
• Poor teeth and gums, inferior
3. Gout
is a kind of arthritis that occurs when uric acid Physical Discomfort like:
builds up in the joints. •
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7. Pinto beans
8. Sardines
9. Red salmon
10. Peas
11. Lima beans and white beans
2. Lack of appetite.
7. Difficulty in sleeping.
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