Chapter 20

Alternating Current

1. In a series LCR circuit R = 200  and the voltage 3. An arc lamp requires a direct current of 10 A at
and the frequency of the main supply is 220 V and 80 V to function. If it is connected to a 220 V
50 Hz respectively. On taking out the capacitance (rms), 50 Hz AC supply, the series inductor needed
for it to work is close to [JEE (Main)-2016]
from the circuit the current lags behind the voltage
by 30º. On taking out the inductor from the circuit (1) 0.08 H (2) 0.044 H
the current leads the voltage by 30º. The power (3) 0.065 H (4) 80 H
dissipated in the LCR circuit is [AIEEE-2010]
4. In an a.c. circuit, the instantaneous e.m.f. and
(1) 242 W (2) 305 W current are given by
(3) 210 W (4) 0 W e = 100 sin30 t
2. An LCR circuit is equivalent to a damped  
pendulum. In an LCR circuit the capacitor is i  20 sin  30t  
 4
charged to Q0 and then connected to the L and R
as shown below : In one cycle of a.c., the average power consumed
by the circuit and the wattless current are,
respectively [JEE (Main)-2018]
R L
1000
(1) 50, 10 (2) , 10
2

50
(3) ,0 (4) 50, 0
C 2
5. For an RLC circuit driven with voltage of amplitude
If a student plots graphs of the square of maximum 1
vm and frequency 0  the current exibits
charge QMax
2
 on the capacitor with time (t) for LC
two different values L1 and L2 (L1 > L2) of L then resonance. The quality factor, Q is given by
which of the following represents this graph [JEE (Main)-2018]
correctly? (Plots are schematic and not drawn to
scale) [JEE (Main)-2015] 0 L 0 R
(1) (2)
R L
2 2
QMax QMax R CR
L1 L2 (3) (4)
(0C ) 0
(1) (2)
L2 L1
t t 6. A series AC circuit containing an inductor (20 mH),
a capacitor (120 F) and a resistor (60 ) is driven
by an AC source of 24 V/50 Hz. The energy
2 2 dissipated in the circuit in 60 s is
QMax QMax
L1 Q0 (For both L1 and L2)
[JEE (Main)-2019]
(3) (4)
L2 (1) 5.65 × 102 J (2) 5.17 × 102 J
t t
(3) 2.26 × 103 J (4) 3.39 × 103 J

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7. A power transmission line feeds input power at 11. A transformer consisting of 300 turns in the primary
2300 V to a step down transformer with its primary and 150 turns in the secondary gives output power
windings having 4000 turns. The output power is of 2.2 kW. If the current in the secondary coil is
delivered at 230 V by the transformer. If the current 10 A, then the input voltage and current in the
in the primary winding of the transformer is 5 A and primary coil are : [JEE (Main)-2019]
its efficiency is 90%, the output current would be (1) 440 V and 5 A
[JEE (Main)-2019] (2) 220 V and 20 A
(1) 25 A (2) 50 A (3) 220 V and 10 A
(3) 45 A (4) 35 A (4) 440 V and 20 A
12. A LCR circuit behaves like a damped harmonic
8. I2 oscillator. Comparing it with a physical spring-mass
C R2 damped oscillator having damping constant ‘b’ the
correct equivalence would be [JEE (Main)-2020]
L R1 I1
1
(1) L  m, C  ,R  b
~ k

(2) L  k , C  b, R  m
3
In the above circuit, C  F, R 2 = 20 , 1 1 1
2 (3) L  ,C  ,R 
b m k
3
L H and R1 = 10 . Current in L-R1 path is (4) L  m, C  k, R  b
10
I1 and in C–R2 path it is I2. The voltage of A.C 13. In LC circuit the inductance L = 40 mH and
source is given by capacitance C = 100 F. If a voltage V(t) = 10 sin
(314 t) is applied to the circuit, the current in the
V  200 2 sin(100 t ) volts. The phase difference circuit is given as [JEE (Main)-2020]
between I1 and I2 is [JEE (Main)-2019] (1) 0.52 sin 314 t
(1) 0° (2) 60° (2) 5.2 cos 314 t
(3) 150° (4) 90° (3) 10 cos 314 t
9. An alternating voltage v(t) = 220 sin 100t volt is (4) 0.52 cos 314 t
applied to a purely resistive load of 50 . The time
taken for the current to rise from half of the peak 14. An inductance coil has a reactance of 100 .
W hen an AC signal of frequency 1000 Hz is
value to the peak value is [JEE (Main)-2019]
applied to the coil, the applied voltage leads the
(1) 2.2 ms (2) 7.2 ms current by 45°. The self-inductance of the coil is
(3) 5 ms (4) 3.3 ms [JEE (Main)-2020]
10. A circuit connected to an ac source of emf (1) 6.7 × 10–7 H
e = e0sin(100t) with t in seconds, gives a phase
(2) 5.5 × 10–5 H
 (3) 1.1 × 10–1 H
difference of between the emf e and current i.
4
(4) 1.1 × 10–2 H
Which of the following circuits will exhibit this?
15. A 750 Hz, 20 V (rms) source is connected to a
[JEE (Main)-2019]
resistance of 100 , an inductance of 0.1803 H
(1) RL circuit with R = 1 k and L = 10 mH and a capacitance of 10 F all in series. The time
in which the resistance (heat capacity
(2) RL circuit with R = 1 k and L = 1 mH
2 J/°C) will get heated by 10°C. (assume no loss
(3) RC circuit with R = 1 k and C = 10 F of heat to the surroudings) is close to
(4) RC circuit with R = 1 k and C = 1 F [JEE (Main)-2020]

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 (1) 348 s (2) 418 s (1) 1.33 H and 250 F
(3) 245 s (4) 365 s (2) 0.8 H and 150 F
16. An AC circuit has R = 100 , C = 2 F and (3) 0.8 H and 250 F
L = 80 mH, connected in series. The quality factor
of the circuit is [JEE (Main)-2020] (4) 1.33 H and 150 F

(1) 20 (2) 2 23. An LCR circuit contains resistance of 110  and

a supply of 220 V at 300 rad/s angular frequency.
(3) 0.5 (4) 400
If only capacitance is removed from the circuit,
17. An electrical power line, having a total resistance current lags behind the voltage by 45°. If on the
of 2 , delivers 1 kW at 220 V. The efficiency of other hand, only inductor is removed the current
the transmission line is approximately leads by 45° with the applied voltage. The rms
current flowing in the circuit will be
[JEE (Main)-2020]
(1) 85% (2) 96% [JEE (Main)-2021]

(3) 72% (4) 91% (1) 1.5 A (2) 1 A

18. In a series LR circuit, power of 400 W is dissipated (3) 2 A (4) 2.5 A
from a source of 250 V, 50 Hz. The power factor of
the circuit is 0.8. In order to bring the power factor 24. An alternating current is given by the equation
to unity, a capacitor of value C is added in series to i  i1 sin t  i2 cos t . The rms current will be :
 n 
the L and R. Taking the value of C as   F , then [JEE (Main)-2021]
 3 
value of n is _____. [JEE (Main)-2020]
1 1
19. A resonance circuit having inductance and (1) i1  i2 2 (2)  i1  i2 
2 2
resistance 2 × 10 –4 H and 6.28  respectively
oscillates at 10 MHz frequency. The value of
1 1
quality factor of this resonator is _____.
[ = 3.14] [JEE (Main)-2021]
(3)
2

1 2 2
i1  i2  2 (4)
1
2
i12  i22  2
20. A common transistor radio set requires 12 V (D.C.) 25. In a series LCR resonant circuit, the quality factor
for its operation. The D.C. source is constructed is measured as 100. If the inductance is increased
by using a transformer and a rectifier circuit, which by two fold and resistance is decreased by two
are operated at 220 V (A.C.) on standard domestic fold, then the quality factor after this change will
A.C. supply. The number of turns of secondary coil be ________. [JEE (Main)-2021]
are 24, then the number of turns of primary are
________. [JEE (Main)-2021] 26. Find the peak current and resonant frequency of
the following circuit (as shown in figure).
21. A series LCR circuit is designed to resonate at an
angular frequency 0 = 10 5 rad/s. The circuit [JEE (Main)-2021]
draws 16 W power from 120 V source at
resonance. The value of resistance ‘R’ in the circuit
is _____ . [JEE (Main)-2021] 100 mH
100 F
22. The angular frequency of alternating current in a
L-C-R circuit is 100 rad/s. The components V = 30 sin 100t
connected are shown in the figure. Find the value
of inductance of the coil and capacity of
condenser. [JEE (Main)-2021] 120 

R = 60 
(1) 0.2 A and 50 Hz
15 V
R = 40  (2) 2 A and 100 Hz
C 10 V L 20 V
(3) 2 A and 50 Hz
(4) 0.2 A and 100 Hz

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27. A sinusoidal voltage of peak value 250 V is applied 31. Match List-I with List-II [JEE (Main)-2021]
to a series LCR circuit , in which R = 8 , L = 24 List-I List-II
mH and C = 60 F. The value of power dissipated 
(a) Phase difference (i) ; current leads
at resonant conditions is x kW. 2
between current and voltage
The value of x to the nearest integer is _________
voltage in a purely
[JEE (Main)-2021]
resistive AC circuit
28. For the given circuit, comment on the type of
(b) Phase difference (ii) Zero
transformer used. [JEE (Main)-2021]
between current and
i1 iL 0.11A voltage in a pure
inductive AC circuit

(c) Phase difference (iii) ; current lags
L 2
P S O
60 W V2 between current and voltage
A
220 V ~ D voltage in a pure
capacitive AC circuit
 X  XL 
(d) Phase difference (iv) tan1  C 
 R 
between current and
(1) Step-up transformer
voltage in an LCR
(2) Auto transformer
series circuit
(3) Step down transformer
Choose the most appropriate answer from the
(4) Auxilliary transformer options given below:
29. An AC current is given by I = I1sint + I2cost. A (1) (a)-(i), (b)-(iii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(ii)
hot wire ammeter will give a reading (2) (a)-(ii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(iii), (d)-(i)
[JEE (Main)-2021] (3) (a)-(ii), (b)-(iii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i)
(4) (a)-(ii), (b)-(iii), (c)-(i), (d)-(iv)
I12  I22 32. An AC source rated 220 V, 50 Hz is connected to
(1)
2 a resistor. The time taken by the current to change
from its maximum to the rms value is
I1  I2 [JEE (Main)-2021]
(2)
2 (1) 2.5 s
(2) 2.5 ms
I1  I2
(3) (3) 0.25 ms
2 2
(4) 25 ms
I12 – I22 33. In a series LCR resonance circuit, if we change
(4) the resistance only, from a lower to higher value:
2
[JEE (Main)-2021]
30. What happens to the inductive reactance and the
current in a purely inductive circuit if the frequency (1) The quality factor and the resonance frequency
is halved? [JEE (Main)-2021] will remain constant

(1) Inductive reactance will be doubled and current
will be halved
(2) Both, inducting reactance and current will be
doubled
(3) Inductive reactance will be halved and current
will be doubled
(4) Both, inductive reactance and current will be
halved
(2) The resonance frequency will increase
(3) The bandwidth of resonance circuit will increase
(4) The quality factor will increase
34. In a series LCR circuit, the inductive reactance (XL)
is 10 and the capacitive reactance (XC) is 4.
The resistance (R) in the circuit is 6.
The power factor of the circuit is :
[JEE (Main)-2021]

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 1 1
(1) (2)
2 2 VC

IC
1 VC
3 (1) (2)
t
(3) (4) t
2 2 2
35. AC voltage V(t) = 20 sint of frequency 50 Hz is IC

applied to a parallel plate capacitor. The separation

between the plates is 2 mm and the area is 1 m2.
The amplitude of the oscillating displacement
current for the applied AC voltage is_____. VC
IC VC
[JEE (Main)-2021]
t
[Take 0 = 8.85 × 10–12 F/m ] (3) (4) t

(1) 21.14 A (2) 83.37 A

IC
(3) 27.79 A (4) 55.58 A
36. In an LCR series circuit, an inductor 30 mH and a 40. Match List-I with List-II [JEE (Main)-2021]
resistor 1  are connected to an AC source of
angular frequency 300 rad/s. The value of List-I List-II
capacitance for which, the current leads the
1
1 3 (a) L  (i) Current is in phase with emf
voltage by 45° is  10 F . Then the value of x is C
x
____ [JEE (Main)-2021]
1
37. For a series LCR circuit with R = 100 , L = 0.5 (b) L  (ii) Current lags behind the
C
mH and C = 0.1 pF connected across 220 V - 50
Hz AC supply, the phase angle between current applied emf
and supplied voltage and the nature of the circuit is
[JEE (Main)-2021] 1
(c) L  (iii) Maximum current occurs
(1)  90°, predominantly capacitive circuit C

(2) 0°, resonance circuit
(3) 0°, resistive circuit
(4)  90°, predominantly inductive circuit
38. A series LCR circuit of R = 5 , L = 20 mH and
C = 0.5 F is connected across an AC supply of
250 V, having variable frequency. The power
dissipated at resonance condition is ____ × 102 W.
[JEE (Main)-2021]
39. In a circuit consisting of a capacitance and a
generator with alternating emf E g  E g0 sin  t , VC
and IC are the voltage and current. Correct phasor
diagram for such circuit is [JEE (Main)-2021]
(d) Resonant (iv) Current leads the emf
frequency
Choose the correct answer from the options given
below
(1) a(ii), b(i), c(iv), d(iii)
(2) a(ii), b(i), c(iii), d(iv)
(3) a(iii), b(i), c(iv), d(ii)
(4) a(iv), b(iii), c(ii), d(i)
41. A 10  resistance is connected across 220 V - 50
Hz AC supply. The time taken by the current to
change from its maximum value to the rms value is
[JEE (Main)-2021]

Eg ~ C
VC (1) 2.5 ms
IC (2) 4.5 ms

(3) 1.5 ms

(4) 3.0 ms

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42. Two circuits are shown in the figure (a) and (b). At 45. A series LCR circuit driven by 300 V at a
a frequency of _______ rad/s the average power frequency of 50 Hz contains a resistance R = 3
dissipated in one cycle will be same in both the k, an inductor of inductive reactance XL = 250
circuits. [JEE (Main)-2021]  and an unknown capacitor. The value of
capacitance to maximize the average power should
5
be : (take 2 = 10) [JEE (Main)-2021]
(1) 25 F (2) 4 F
R
(3) 40 F (4) 400 F
46. In the given circuit the AC source has
 = 100 rad s–1. Considering the inductor and
~ capacitor to be ideal, what will be the current I
220 V flowing through the circuit? [JEE (Main)-2021]
figure (a)
100 F 100 
40 F
5 0.1 H

R L
C
I 0.50 H 50 

~ ~
220 V 200 V
figure (b) (1) 3.16 A (2) 0.94 A
43. A 0.07 H inductor and a 12  resistor are (3) 5.9 A (4) 6 A
connected in series to a 220 V, 50 Hz ac source. 47. The alternating current is given by
The approximate current in the circuit and the
  2  
phase angle between current and source voltage i   42 sin  t   10  A
 22    T  
are respectively Take  as
 7  The r.m.s. value of this current is ____ A.
[JEE (Main)-2021]
[JEE (Main)-2021] 48. An ac circuit has an inductor and a resistor of
resistance R in series, such that XL = 3R. Now, a
1  11  capacitor is added in series such that XC = 2R.
(1) 8.8 A and tan   The ratio of new power factor with the old power
6
factor of the circuit is 5 : x. The value of x is
1  6  ____ [JEE (Main)-2021]
(2) 8.8 A and tan  
 11  49. In an ac circuit, an inductor, a capacitor and a
resistor are connected in series with XL = R = XC.
1  11  Impedance of this circuit is : [JEE (Main)-2021]
(3) 88 A and tan  
6 (1) R 2 (2) 2R2
(3) R (4) Zero
1  11 
(4) 0.88 A and tan 6 50. At very high frequencies, the effective impedance
  of the given circuit will be _____ .
44. A 100  resistance, a 0.1 F capacitor and an [JEE (Main)-2021]
inductor are connected in series across a 250 V 1 0.5 F 2 0.5 F
supply at variable frequency. Calculate the value of
inductance of inductor at which resonance will
0.5 F
occur. Given that the resonant frequency is 60 HZ.
1 20 H 2  0.5 F
[JEE (Main)-2021]
(1) 70.3 mH (2) 70.3 H ~
(3) 7.03 × 10–5 H (4) 0.70 H 220 V

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51. A resistance of 40  is connected to a source of 55. A sinusoidal voltage V(t) = 210 sin 3000 t volt is
alternating current rated 220 V, 50 Hz. Find the time applied to a series LCR circuit in which L = 10 mH,
taken by the current to change from its maximum C = 25 F and R = 100 . The phase difference ()
value to the rms value : [JEE (Main)-2022] between the applied voltage and resultant current will
be [JEE (Main)-2022]
(1) 2.5 ms (2) 1.25 ms
(3) 2.5 s (4) 0.25 s (1) tan–1(0.17) (2) tan–1(9.46)

52. As shown in the figure an inductor of inductance
200 mH is connected to an AC source of emf 220 V
and frequency 50 Hz. The instantaneous voltage of
the source is 0 V when the peak value of current is
a
A. The value of a is ___. [JEE (Main)-2022]

(2) tan–1(0.30) (4) tan–1(13.33)
56. In a series LCR circuit, the inductance, capacitance
and resistance are L = 100 mH, C = 100 F and
R = 10 W respectively. They are connected to an AC
source of voltage 220 V and frequency of 50 Hz. The
approximate value of current in the circuit will be
______ A. [JEE (Main)-2022]

53. Match List-I with List-II

List-I List-II

(A) AC generator (I) Detects the presence of

current in the circuit

(B) Galvanometer (II) Converts mechanical

energy into electrical
energy
57. A 110 V, 50 Hz, AC source is connected in the circuit
(C) Transformer (III) Works on the principle of (as shown in figure). The current through the resistance
resonance in AC circuit 55 , at resonance in the circuit, will be _______ A.

(D) Metal detector (IV) Changes an alternating [JEE (Main)-2022]

voltage for smaller or
greater value

Choose the correct answer from the options given

below [JEE (Main)-2022]

(1) (A) - (II), (B) - (I), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)

(2) (A) - (II), (B) - (I), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)

58. The current flowing through an ac circuit is given by
(3) (A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (II), (D) - (I)
I = 5 sin(120t)A
(4) (A) - (III), (B) - (I), (C) - (II), (D) - (IV)
54. If wattless current flows in the AC circuit, then the How long will the current take to reach the peak value
circuit is [JEE (Main)-2022] starting from zero? [JEE (Main)-2022]

(1) Purely Resistive circuit 1

(1) s (2) 60s
(2) Purely Inductive circuit 60

(3) LCR series circuit

1 1
(3) s (4) s
(4) RC series circuit only 120 240

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59. A 220 V, 50 Hz AC source is connected to a 25 V, 63. For a series LCR circuit, I vs  curve is shown :

5 W lamp and an additional resistance R in series (as [JEE (Main)-2022]

shown in figure) to run the lamp at its peak brightness,
then the value of R (in ohm) will be ___.
[JEE (Main)-2022]
(1) To the left of r, the circuit is mainly capacitive.
(2) To the left of r, the circuit is mainly inductive.
(3) At r, impedance of the circuit is equal to the
resistance of the circuit.

(4) At r, impedance of the circuit is 0.

60. An AC source is connected to an inductance of

100 mH, a capacitance of 100 F and a resistance
of 120  as shown in figure. The time in which the
resistance having a thermal capacity 2 J/°C will get Choose the most appropriate answer from the
heated by 16°C is ___ s. [JEE (Main)-2022] options given below

(1) (a) and (d) only

(2) (b) and (d) only

(3) (a) and (c) only

(4) (b) and (c) only

64. An inductor of 0.5 mH, a capacitor of 200 F and a

61. A telegraph line of length 100 km has a capacity of
resistor of 2  are connected in series with a 220 V
0.01 μF/km and it carries an alternating current at
0.5 kilo cycle per second. If minimum impedance is ac source. If the current is in phase with the emf, the
required, then the value of the inductance that needs
to be introduced in series is_______ mH. frequency of ac source will be ______ × 102 Hz.

(if   10 ) [JEE (Main)-2022] [JEE (Main)-2022]

62. In the given circuit, the magnitude of VL and VC are
twice that of VR. Given that f = 50 Hz, the inductance
65. To increase the resonant frequency in series LCR
1 circuit, [JEE (Main)-2022]
of the coil is mH . The value of K is ________.
K
(1) Source frequency should be increased.
[JEE (Main)-2022]
(2) Another resistance should be added in series
with the first resistance.

(3) Another capacitor should be added in series with

the first capacitor.

(4) The source frequency should be decreased.

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66. The rms value of conduction current in a parallel plate 71. A series LCR circuit has L = 0.01 H, R = 10  and
capacitor is 6.9 A. The capacity of this capacitor, if C = 1 F and it is connected to ac voltage of
it is connected to 230 V ac supply with an angular amplitude (Vm) 50 V. At frequency 60% lower than
frequency of 600 rad/s, will be : [JEE (Main)-2022] resonant frequency, the amplitude of current will be
approximately [JEE (Main)-2022]
(1) 5 pF (2) 50 pF
(1) 466 mA (2) 312 mA
(3) 100 pF (4) 200 pF
(3) 238 mA (4) 196 mA
67. In a series LR circuit XL = R and power factor of the
circuit is P1. When capacitor with capacitance C 72. The equation of current in a purely inductive circuit is
such that XL = XC is put in series, the power factor
5sin(49 t – 30°). If the inductance is 30 mH then the
P1
becomes P2. The ratio P is [JEE (Main)-2022] equation for the voltage across the inductor, will be:
2
[JEE (Main)-2022]
1
 
1
(1) (2) 22
2 2 Let  
7

3 (1) 1.47sin(49 t – 30°)

(3) (4) 2 : 1
2
(2) 1.47sin(49 t + 60º)
68. The effective current I in the given circuit at very high
frequencies will be ________ A. (3) 23.1sin(49 t – 30º)

(4) 23.1sin(49 t + 60º)

[JEE (Main)-2022]
73. The frequencies at which the current amplitude in an
1
LCR series circuit becomes times its maximum
2
value, are 212 rad s–1 and 232 rad s–1. The value of
resistance in the Question: circuit is
R = 5 . The self-inductance in the circuit is _____ mH.
[JEE (Main)-2022]
69. A direct current of 4 A and an alternating current of
74. A transformer operating at primary voltage 8 kV and
peak value 4 A flow through resistance of 3  and
secondary voltage 160 V serves a load of 80 kW.
2  respectively. The ratio of heat produced in the Assuming the transformer to be ideal with purely
two resistances in same interval of time will be : resistive load and working on unity power factor, the
loads in the primary and secondary circuit would be
[JEE (Main)-2022]
[JEE (Main)-2022]
(1) 3 : 2 (2) 3 : 1
(1) 800  and 1.06 
(3) 3 : 4 (4) 4 : 3
(2) 10  and 500 
70. A 50 W, 100 V lamp is to be connected to an AC
mains of 200 V, 50 Hz. What capacity (in F) (3) 800  and 0.32 
capacitor is essential to be put in series with the
lamp? [JEE (Main)-2022] (4) 1.06  and 500 

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75. An alternating emf E = 440 sin100t is applied to a 77. A capacitor of capacitance 500 F is charged com-
pletely using a dc supply of 100 V. It is now
2
circuit containing an inductance of H. If an a.c. connected to an inductor of inductance 50 mH to

ammeter is connected in the circuit, its reading will form an LC circuit. The maximum current in the LC
be : [JEE (Main)-2022] circuit will be ______A [JEE (Main)-2022]

(1) 4.4 A (2) 1.55 A 78. Given below are two statements:
(3) 2.2 A (4) 3.11 A Statement-I : The reactance of an ac circuit is zero.
76. A circuit element X when connected to an a.c. It is possible that the circuit contains a capacitor and
supply of peak voltage 100 V gives a peak current of an inductor.
5 A which is in phase with the voltage. A second
element Y when connected to the same a.c. supply Statement-II : In ac circuit, the average power
also gives the same value of peak current which lags delivered by the source never becomes zero.
 In the light of the above statements, choose the
behind the voltage by . If X and Y are connected in
2 correct answer from the options given below.
series to the same supply, what will be the rms value
[JEE (Main)-2022]
of the current in ampere? [JEE (Main)-2022]
(1) Both Statement I and Statement II are true
10 5
(1) (2) (2) Both Statement I and Statement II are false
2 2
(3) Statement I is true but Statement II is false
5
(3) 5 2 (4)
2 (4) Statement I is false but Statement II is true



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Chapter 20

Alternating Current
1. Answer (1) 6. Answer (2)
The series LCR will be in resonance
X L  L  20  103  2  50  2   6.28 
So, P = vIvcos
1 1 106 1000
 2  2 XC      26.53 
 v cos   v C 2  50  120 2  6
Z R

Z  R 2   XC  X L 
2
(220)2 48400 
   242 W
200 200
2. Answer (1)  Z  (60)2  (20.25)2  63.32 
For a damped pendulum, A = A0e–bt/2m 24 60
 Irms  , cos  
63.32 63.32
 
R 
t
 A  A0 e L 2
24 60
 E   24   60
(Since L plays the same role as m) 63.32 63.32
3. Answer (3) = 5.17 × 102 J
V 7. Answer (3)
R  8
I
Pinput = Vp · Ip = 2300 × 5 W
P = 800 W
Poutput = 0.9 Pinput = VsIs
10 A 8 314 L
0.9  2300  5
 Is =  45 A
230
8. Answer (3)
(220)2 = (10 × 8)2 + (314 × L × 10)2
1 1 2 20
 L = 0.065 H XC    106  kΩ
C 100  3 3
4. Answer (2)
Pav = Erms Irms cos X L  L  10 3 
100 20 1 1000
    As XC >> R2, I2 leads V by 90°.
2 2 2 2
I1 lags V by 60°
20 1
iwattless = irms sin     10
2 2  Phase difference between I1 and I2 150°.
5. Answer (1)
9. Answer (4)
0
Quality factor, Q  I = Im sin(100t)
(2)
0 L Im
Q   Im sin(100t1 )
R 2
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  d 2q dq q
  100t1 L R  0
6 dt 2 dt C
1
 t1  s
 m  L, b  R, k 
1
600
C
2 1
T   s 13. Answer (4)
100 50
Z = xC – x L
T 1 1 2 1
 treq   t1     s  3.3 ms
4 200 600 600 300 1
Z = – L
C
10. Answer (3)


1
As   ,x =R = – 314 × 40 × 10–3
4 c 314  100  106

11. Answer (1) = 19.28 

Power output (V2I2) = 2.2 kW V0
i = sin (t + /2)
2.2 kW Z
 V2   220 volts
(10 A) 14. Answer (4)
 Input voltage for step-down transformer Impedance of coil = 100 

V1 N1   45  R  X L  50 2
 2
V2 N2
Vinput = 2 × Voutput = 2 × 220  50 2    L

= 440 V
50 2
 L  1.1 10 2 H
I N 2  1000
Also, 1  2
I2 N1
Nearest value given is 1.1 × 10–2 H.
1
 I1   10  5 A 15. Answer (1)
2
12. Answer (1) H = (Irms)2Rt

C L
mST = (Irms)2Rt

mS T
t =
(Irms )2 R

R
f 2  10
k v = ...(i)
(Irms )2 100
m
20
In damped oscillation, Irms  ,
XL = 2 ×  × 750 ×
( X L  XC )2  R 2
2
md x
 kx  bv .1803
dt 2
md 2 x dx 1
 2
b  kx  0 ... (i) XC 
dt dt 2    750  106
q Ldi
In LCR circuit,  iR  0 Put value in (i), t come out  348 s
C dt

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16. Answer (2) 20. Answer (440)

VS NS
1 L 
Q VP NP
R C
VP
NP  .NS  220  24 = 440
VS 12
1 80  10 –3

100 2  10 –6 21. Answer (900)

=2 V2
At resonance P =
R
17. Answer (2)
2
V 2 120 
P (1000) R=  = 900 
I=  P 16
V 220
22. Answer (3)
2 XL 4
2  1000  
PLoss = I Rtrans    2 R 3
 220 
XL = 80 
 1000  100 × L = 80 
 efficiency =  1000  P   100
 Loss  L = 0.8 H

 96% 1 2
  60
C 3
18. Answer (400)
1
2 C
(250) 100  40
P cos 
Z C = 250 F
23. Answer (3)
(250)2
500  LCR circuit is in resonance.
Z
Vrms 220
Z = 125   Irms   2A
R 110
R = 100 
24. Answer (4)
XL = 75 
i  i1 sin t  i 2 cos t
1
75  T
2fC 2
i dt

C
1

1   irms  2
 0
T
2  75  50 7500

 106 1  T
  i1 sin 
C   F
 2500 3  2 2
t  i 22 cos2 t  2i1i2 sin t  cos t dt
 
0

T
400
C F
3 i12 i 22
  0
19. Answer (2000) 2 2
1
XL
Q
R
 2000  irms 
1
2
 i12  i 22  2

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25. Answer (400) 31. Answer (4)

XL For purely resistive circuit, current is in phase with

Q  100 voltage.
R
Whereas for inductive and capacitive circuit phase
2 XL 
Q   4Q difference between voltage and current is .
R/2 2
= 400 32. Answer (2)
26. Answer (1) For change in current from its maximum to rms
Vmax 30 
Imax   value, the current phasor will rotate by angle or
Z 4
R  ( X L  XC )2
2
T
the time required will be
8
XL = 100 × 0.1 = 10 
T 1 1
1 Time required =   s
XC   100  8 8 400
100  104
Time required = 2.5 ms
30 33. Answer (3)
Imax   0.2 A
(120)2  (90)2
XL
Q
1 1 R
  f   50 Hz
LC 2 LC Re sonance Frequency
27. Answer (4) Band width = Quality Factor
Power dissipated at resonance
With increase in value of R, the band width will
2 2 increase.
Vrms (250)
=   3.906  103 W 34. Answer (1)
R 28
28. Answer (1) R 6
cos   
V2I2 = V1I1 Z (10  4)2  (6)2
Here V2 > V1
29. Answer (1) 6 1
 
36  2 2
2
Irms 
I dt 35. Answer (3)
T q
T
2 2
 [I1 sin t  I2 cos2 t  2I1I2 sin(t )  cos(t )] dt
(Irms )2  0
T

~
I2 I2 I2  I2
 Irms  1  2 0  1 2
2 2 2 0 A 8.85  1012  1 8.85  10 9
C  
30. Answer (3) d 2  103 2
XL = L q = CV

I dv
XL i C  C 20  cos t
dt
 Reactance gets halved and current gets
doubled. i = 20 C cost

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 So, amplitude of displacement current 40. Answer (1)
= 20C 1
L  , XL  XC
0 A C
= 20  2  50 
d So current in phase with EMF
At resonance, current have maximum value.
8.85  109
 20  2  50  41. Answer (1)
2
=  × 8.85 × 10–6
220 2 1
= 27.79 × 10–6 A = 27.79 A i sin t , T  s
R 50
36. Answer (3)
time required for maximum to rms
| X L  XC |
tan  
R T

 XC  X L  R  9  1  10  8

1 1
C  s
XC 50  8

1 1 1
   103 F  s
300  10 3 400
37. Answer (1) = 2.5 ms
XL = 2 ×  × 50 × 0.5 × 10–3
42. Answer (500)
= 0.05

1 1012 V2 V2
XC    R
C 2  50  0.1 R Z2
 Z=R
1011
  1
    500 rad/s
LC
XC – XL >> R
43. Answer (1)
38. Answer (125)

V2 Z  122  (100  0.07)2  25 

Pr  rms as at resonance Z = R
R
220
 I  8.8 A
250  250 25
  125  102 W
5 22 7
100  
X 7 100  11
39. Answer (4) tan   L 
R 12 6
C 44. Answer (2)

1

LC
~
Eg
1 1
L 
IC
2
 C [120]2 10 7

90° 107
VC L H
1202 2

and phasors rotate by t. = 70.3 H

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45. Answer (2) 47. Answer (11)
For power to be maximum
 2 
XL = XC i  10  42 sin  t  A
T 
1
L 
C
( 42)2
irms  102   11 A
1 2
250 
2f  C
48. Answer (1)
1
C
2  250  50  2 R R 1
cos 2   
1 Z2 R 2  ( xL  xC )2 2

25000  10
C = 4 F R R 1
cos 1   
46. Answer (1) Z1 10 R 10
For upper elements
R1 = 100 cos 2 5

cos 1 1
106
XC   100
100  100 49. Answer (3)

106 Z  ( X L  XC )2  R 2
Z1  1002 
100  100
XL = XC
= 100 2
 Z=R
100 50. Answer (2)
tan 1  1  1  45
100
At high frequencies, XC  0 & XL  
200 2
So, I10  2  I1  2 sin  t  45  1 2
100 2
for lower elements,  R2 = 50 
2
2 2
Z2  50  50  50 2 XL  L  50
~
200 2
tan 2  –1, I20  4
50 2 22
Z  1
 2 = –45° 22
So, I = I1 + I2 =2 
I10 51. Answer (A)

I = I0cos(t) say

I20  At maximum t1 = 0 or t1 = 0

So, I0  20
Then at rms value I  I0 / 2
I
So, Irms  0  10 A  t2 = /4
2
 (t2 – t1) = /4
= 3.16 A

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  T 40 50
t   So X L – XC  30   
4 4  2 3 3

1
 s or 2.5 ms X L  XC 50 / 3 1
400 tan    
R 100 6
 Option A is right answer
52. Answer (242) So   tan1(0.17)

Vrms 56. Answer (22)

Irms 
z
Z  R 2   xL  xC 
2
z = X2 = 2

200
 2  50 
1000  100 
2

 102  10  
= 20    

220 11
 Irms   10 
20 

11 220
 Ipeak  2   Current  A = 22 A
 10

57. Answer (0)

2  121

  1 
At resonance     , impedance of the
 LC 
242
 circuit is infinite.

 Current through resistance = 0.
53. Answer (A)
58. Answer (D)
AC generator  Converts mechanical
energy into electrical  = 120
energy
1
Galvanometer  Detects the presence  T  sec
60
of current in the circuit
Transformer  Change AC voltage for T
The current will take its peak value in time
smaller or greater value 4
Metal detector  Works on the principle
T
of resonance in AC So t 
4
circuit
 Option (A) is correct 1
 s
240
54. Answer (B)
59. Answer (975)
For wattless current to flow in AC circuit the circuit
will be Purely Inductive circuit
(25)2
55. Answer (A) Rb   125 
5
XL = 3000 × 10 × 10–3 = 30
5 1
1 40 Irms   A
XC =  106   125 5
3000  25 3
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 220 1 63. Answer (C)
 
R  125 5
1
 R = 1100 – 125 We know that XC  and XL = L
C
= 975  Also, at = r : XL = XC
60. Answer (15)  For  < r : capacitive
L = 100 × 10 H –3

and At   r : z  R 2  ( X L – X C )2  R
C = 100 × 10–6 F
R = 120  64. Answer (5)
L = 10 
Current will be in phase with emf when
1 1
  100  1
C 10  10–6
4 L 
C
 XC – XL = 90 
1 1
 Z  902  1202  150    
LC 5  10  2  10 4
4

20 2
 Irms   A 10 4
150 15   rad/s
10
For heat resistance by 16°C heat required = 32 J
1 104
 2 
2  f   Hz
    120   t  32 2 10
 15 
 f  500 Hz
32  15  15
t 65. Answer (C)
4  120

= 15 1
Resonant frequency   0
LC
61. Answer (100)
Total capacitance = 0.01 × 100 = 1 F  If we decrease C, 0 would increase

 = 500 × 2 = 1000 rad/s  Another capacitor should be added in series.

66. Answer (B)

1
L 
C
V
ZC 
1 1 1 I
 L 2
 6 2 –6
 H = 100 mH
C 10   10 10
1 230
  M
62. Answer (0) C 6.9
VL = 2VR
So Li = 2 Ri 6.9
 C F
230 
2R 25 1 100
 L   H H
 2  50 10  
6.9
 F
1 230  600
So k  0
100 C = 50 pF

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67. Answer (B) 1
i rm  A
1 2
P1  cos   ( XL  R )
2 1
 x  100 3
P2 = cos = 1 (will become resonance circuit) 2 C

1
P1 1 XC 
So,  C
P2 2
C = 9.2 F
68. Answer (44)
71. Answer (C)
Equivalent circuit will be
 = 0.40 …(i)

V 50
 I  …(ii)
Z 2
2  1 
R   L 
  C 

 I = 238 mA

72. Answer (D)

220
I  44 A
5

69. Answer (B)

i12 R1 42  3
Ratio  2
 2
 i2   4 
  R2   2
 2  2
V(t) = ILsin(49t – 30° + 90°)
 Ratio = 3 : 1
70. Answer (9.2) 30
 5  49  sin(49t  60)
1000
1  x = 23.1sin(49t + 60°)
XC    106
wc 2  50  50
73. Answer (250)

v R2  vC2   200 
2
i 1

imax 2
vC2  2002  1002 V0
 Z
V0
vC  100 3 V R

v R  100 V R 1
 Z 
2
V2
P 1 1
R and 212 C – 212 L  232 L – 232 C

100  100 1
R  200  so 212 L 
50 232 C

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 R 1 100
 XL   20 
2 2 5
so  1 
R 2   232 L 
 232 C  When in series

z  202  202  20 2 
R2 1

R 2  (20 L )2 2 100 100 5
i  
400 L2 = R2 z 20 2 2

5 1
L irms  i
20
2
5
H  1000 mH 5
20 
2
= 250 mH
77. Answer (10)
74. Answer (C)
V1i1  V2 i 2  80 kW q0 = CV

= 500 × 100 × 10–6 C

80  1000
 i1  10 A and i 2   500 A
160 = 5 × 10–2 C

V1 160 For imax,

 R1   800  and R2   0.32 
i1 500
1 2 1 q02
75. Answer (C) Li m 
2 2 C
V
I
L (5  102 )2
50  103  im
2

500  106
440 44
 
100 
2 10 2 5  10 2
  im   10 A
5  103
I 44 78. Answer (3)
 Irms    2.2 A
2 20
X = |XC – XL|
76. Answer (D)
So, it can be zero if XC = XL
100
R  20  And, average power in ac circuit can be zero.
5

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