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 Cuestionario
PIA INGLES - The global water crisis

Que es?

Between two and three billion people experience water shortages for at least one month per
year, posing severe risks to livelihoods, notably through food security and access to electricity.
The global urban population facing water scarcity is projected to double from 930 million in
2016 to 1.7–2.4 billion people in 2050. The growing incidence of extreme and prolonged
droughts is also stressing ecosystems, with dire consequences for both plant and animal
species.

https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/imminent-risk-global-water-crisis-warns-un-world-water-
development-report-2023

como nos afecta

When water dries up, people cannot get enough to drink, wash or feed crops, and economic
decline can occur. Also, inadequate sanitation. It can cause fatal diarrheal diseases, such as
cholera and typhoid, and other diseases transmitted by unsafe water.

https://www.unicef.org/wash/water-scarcity

Furthermore, the research affirms that another consequence of the shortage is the death
of many aquatic and terrestrial animals. Water depth and temperature are also critical for
many organisms because, as bodies of water dry out and become shallow, the average
temperature of the water, and therefore the habitat, will generally increase. Therefore,
declines and geographic changes in aquatic ecosystems will inevitably lead to the
extinction of many species that have little tolerance to water level and temperature
changes and cannot migrate or adapt quickly enough to the new environment.

The increased variability and intensity of precipitation as a result of climate change forces
humans to build more dams with larger storage capacities in order to meet rapidly growing
water consumption demands. These reduce the flow rate of river systems and lead to a
loss of environmental flows which are crucial to maintaining riverine ecosystems. The
drying of water means fewer rivers will reach the sea and those that do will be more likely
to be ephemeral rather than flowing all year round. This results in the depletion of
estuarine and wetland ecosystems, which are both known to support large amounts of
unique plant and animal species and are particularly important for providing nurseries for
fish, amphibians, and other types of species. Both estuaries and wetlands support large
amounts of life that would not be able to survive in drier conditions and contain
comparable levels of productivity to tropical forests.

https://earth.org/how-would-living-things-most-likely-be-affected-if-there-were-a-shortage-
of-water-on-earth/
The results of the recent Water Scarcity and Drought Summit confirmed the widespread
need to build resilience to water scarcity and drought as a fundamental component of
planning for economic growth, social well-being and environmental sustainability. Senior
business leaders and policymakers agreed that we need a major shift in the current
paradigm. Governments, businesses and civil society must become much more proactive
using a portfolio of measures to address shortages and drought. How will this be
achieved?

First, we have to go beyond the traditional way of solving water scarcity by only building
large water infrastructure, such as dams, reservoirs and pipelines, to store and increase
water supply. We need to address water scarcity and drought not only by building major
infrastructure, but also by focusing on proactively managing growing demand while
improving supply. This requires us to develop new policies, regulations and incentives to
reduce water withdrawals, reuse water and replenish water resources. In fact, we need
new policies and regulations that allow us to do more with less and distribute water from
one use to another.

https://iwa-network.org/three-steps-to-solving-water-scarcity-and-creating-climate-
resilience/

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