Jeffrey J.

Alemania
MaEd Educational Management
Section A

Take-aways (Ancient Philosophies)

Ancient philosophies had a big impact on a lot of different facets of civilization, like politics,
ethics, education, and culture. These philosophical concepts and school of thought are still present in
contemporary institutions and philosophy. The following are some important ramifications of ancient
philosophies:

Political Management:

1. The philosophy of Plato, as presented in his work "The Republic," had a significant impact on
political thinking. He favored a philosopher-king and a well-ordered, hierarchical society that placed a
strong focus on justice and the welfare of all.

2. Political Philosophy of Aristotle: In his work "Politics," Aristotle highlighted the value of the
polis (city-state) and the idea of the "best" constitution. He had an impact on later political theorists with
his views on rule of law, citizenship, and government.

Aristotelian Virtue Ethics:

Aristotle placed a strong emphasis on the cultivation of moral virtues as a method of achieving human
flourishing. This is known as his virtue ethics. Discussions about moral education and character
development were made possible because to this ideology.

Education:

Socratic dialogues and the processes of inquiry and critical thinking employed by Plato and
Socrates continue to influence pedagogical approaches. Platonic and Socratic Teaching processes.
Teaching and learning approaches have been impacted by the dialectical process of asking and
answering questions.

Academy and Lyceum: Early examples of educational institutions include Plato's Academy and
Aristotle's Lyceum. These philosophic schools aided in the spread of knowledge and the growth of
organized education.

Platonic Forms: Plato's notion of Forms, which asserts that the universe is made up of abstract,
ideal beings, had a significant influence on metaphysics and the study of abstract ideas.

Skepticism and empiricism: The early philosophers also provided the foundation for investigating
issues with perception and knowing. Skepticism was developed by philosophers like Pyrrho, while other
thinkers—such the Atomists—examined materialism and empirical worldviews.

Religious Thought's Influence:

Ancient philosophies frequently incorporated spiritual and metaphysical ideas. In ancient times,
religious and spiritual philosophy was influenced by the beliefs of thinkers like Pythagoras and the Stoics.
Ancient ideas paved the way for the advancement of Western philosophy and society. Ancient
philosophy is a rich source of enduring wisdom and intellectual research since these concepts are still
examined, discussed, and applied to modern problems.

Take-aways (Medieval Philosophies)

The philosophies of the Middle Ages had a significant impact on many facets of society,
particularly in the areas of governance, education, and religion. Philosophical thought at this time
frequently attempted to bring faith and reason into harmony and was strongly affected by religious
teachings, especially Christian theology. Some important ramifications of medieval philosophy are as
follows:

Combining faith with reason:

St. Augustine and St. Thomas Aquinas were two prominent medieval thinkers who worked to
reconcile philosophy and religion. The formation of Christian theology was significantly impacted by this
attempt to bring religion and reason into harmony.

Scholasticism:

During the Middle Ages, the intellectual movement known as Scholasticism predominated. It
was distinguished by its methodical and thorough treatment of theological and philosophical issues. A
organized method to learning and critical thinking was created by eminent thinkers like Thomas Aquinas,
and it has influenced education for centuries.

Christianity and metaphysics

Medieval philosophers and theologians frequently addressed metaphysical issues in their

writings, including the existence of God, the nature of the soul, and the idea of divine providence.

Educational establishments

Universities like the University of Bologna and the University of Paris, where scholastic
philosophy and theology were important fields of study, grew during the medieval era. These
organizations created the framework for contemporary academic disciplines and universities.

Political Theory:

Political philosophy was influenced by thinkers like St. Augustine and St. Thomas Aquinas who
addressed issues of just government and the function of the state. Discussions about political power and
the connection between the church and the state were affected by their thoughts.

Morality & Ethics:

Drawing on religious and philosophical elements, medieval philosophers created ethical

frameworks that have shaped moral and ethical thought ever since. Throughout these talks, ideas of
moral obligation, sin, and virtue was prevalent.