2

1 . (6) a) P(icsNon v) =
p(NinV) P(N V) =
=
-N : -ENo-

No - )
,
.

=
P(1 v)
,
=

G =
NotinU= 1 -

P
i meanN=p) ) No
=

,
=

I M
Probability entre
for I set

L
b) I #Nta =
? t
e 82 =

NPE BKC Minomial Distribution

No(r)(1 -

o)
-I

c) When visro -> -

-i ->
E t
.

-
- -

d) /Fr No()(1 E = -

vevo >
Not! -d
2 .

4) E = -

(n -n2) +H
,
,
N weakly interacting Particles
-
#ot particles aligned parralel

a) Erange EYEtSE ,
SELLE ! SEMH

#otarange f(n ) =ins!

:
, -ni
&(E) # of wansto crange x dispersion of lever's
=

!
in E Nult-> for M =N = NFO E= NitEmax
ground state
=
-

N
Nrt Emin => A , 12 0
, = =

1, = N-I
Second Lowest
State in =
1 -
E
=
-

(N -1 -

1)rH =
-
(N 2)uH
-
-> difference
=
2 mH

-> ot Eleve betwen ESE GE+

=
H
N = n, +
nz

in En
--n-zrmnem! - t
-(E) =
E- (n -
nz)rH =
-

(2n N)nH
,
- -
n, =

2 +

E
r
= ,

->
+En)!

b) Stirling's approx
:

In (n !) =

nInn -
n

ins NN-N-( Inn ) (a-nislucar-n Cr-ni

x

In !
,
, -n , - -

= NIN --n ,
Inn , + ,
-(N-n) (n(r-n )
!
N
,
=
NIN-n , Inn +(n
, , -N) In (N-ni
W

-
N ,
+h
,
-
In 1 - )N
=
NN-n, Inn , + (U -N)In(1
,
-

) + (n-NDN Sin(r) + InN

InN-n Inn +

-
=n , , ,

n, In ,
+ (n -N) (n(1-2)
,
Eatin) - Inlan Frmn) -(* *nt) +Ini
= n , In + ->
2 7) a) ->
J Q+ W JE= W
dE=PaValyba
=
.

changed grasistatically -> DT =

0 +Q =
0 P
=

E Exz
=

by d2x
dr=
/zz=>
u

F
(E) (E)
b) Eleve
!
nx
F=

/ By Symmetry
:
(x 4 Lz
= = =
L A ni = 2
=

re

it-
=
E- E

3
-

in

/
P

W
->
my
=

*
aE
2 .

11) P =

Un
A
=

IPV

Es -En =

f av =
5

a) DE = a +

WW =
32), =

22 4005
,

-> Q =

18, 100

b) DE
= -

36005 a) W= -

1(d =
005

W =

Area undr curve = -

32 .

3=-11 , SSO
G = E-W = -29003

Q 1E W
7 9503
=
= -

1)
When
N, =
lOCO
3
I
N2 N2 100
.
=

i
=

a) at eg : equal prob of Any microstate

-
[Yo
Mean : 750 Ne

-]
I
73 He 23 He
I

(2/1000t
100

b) Ploriginal after mixing) =

, ,
3 .

2)a)/3 a =
)
=
E)- (* Ent)In(t - EH) -

(* Ear)In(raH+ 2) +

In)
- o

,
(i) ) Entrant Et
E =(SE)
2uH
t
-

--

=Itx(In(t -

nn) In(n-
=

)) + (E - an) (*EntE) - +

=Itx /i)
In

I
=

ItxIn)n)- it
↳
Eranh()
= Tankz
- -

b) If E>0 ,
520 -> A signinside Tach canoes
negative outside

c) Magnetic Moment M =

u(n -n2),

n
.

WE -
M= - E - Et! -

=
u( =i)
-

M = -

# , E
=
-
NmHTanh()
-NeTanh()