Main Aur Mera Vyakaran - (04) (TM) SupportMaterialTM Vyakaran-4

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eSa vkSj esjk
f'k{kd&lan£'kdk ,oa vH;kl&if=kdk

ysf[kdk,¡
MkWú ek/qjh 'kkfyuh 'kekZ

,eúfiQyú] ih&,púMhú (fnYyh fo'ofon~;ky;) ,eú,ú] chú,Mú (fnYyh fo'ofon~;ky;)
foHkkxkè;{kkµfnYyh ifCyd LowQy] n~okjdk vè;kfidkµfnYyh ifCyd LowQy] n~okjdk
U;w ljLorh gkml (bafM;k) izkúfyú

ubZ fnYyhµ110002 (bafM;k)
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Revised edition 2018
TM Code: 2017007000139
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(ii)
vkeq[k
f'k{kdksa dk Kku vR;ar O;kid gksrk gSA mUgsa lanf'kZdk lqiqnZ djus dk mn~ns';
gS] cPpksa dk lok±xh.k fodkl djukA
f'k{k.k iz.kkyh esa Hkk"kk&f'k{k.k cgqr gh egRoiw.kZ gSA Hkk"kk dh xw<+ ckjhfd;ksa
dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, gekjk ,d iz;kl iqLrdh; Ükà[kyk osQ :i esa vkiosQ
le{k gS] ftldk uke gS êSa vkSj esjk O;kdj.kA* ;g d{kk ,d ls ysdj vkBoha
rd osQ fon~;kfFkZ;ksa osQ fy, gSA gekjk mn~ns'; cPpksa dks fganh Hkk"kk fl[kkuk gSA
f'k{kd&lanf'kZdk ,oa vH;kl&if=kdk dk fuekZ.k f'k{kdksa osQ fy, fd;k x;k
gS rkfd êSa vkSj esjk O;kdj.k* Ükà[kyk dh i`"BHkwfe esa fufgr mn~ns';ksa dks os
cPpksa rd lgh <ax ls igq¡pk losaQA
^f'k{kd&lanf'kZdk* dks vf/d mi;ksxh ,oa fon~;kfFkZ;ksa gsrq vH;klijd
cukus osQ fy, O;kdj.k&fo"k; osQ izR;sd ikB dh ikB&;kstuk miyC/ djkbZ
tk jgh gSA rRi'pkr~ ikBkar vH;kl&iz'uksa ,oa iz'u&i=kksa osQ mRrj fn, x, gSaA
ikBksa osQ i'pkr~ gy lfgr dk;Z&if=kdk,¡ Hkh tksM+h xbZ gSaA
vk'kk gS] Hkk"kk&f'k{k.k dh fn'kk esa fd;k x;k gekjk ;g iz;kl mi;ksxh
fln~/ gksxkA
f'k{kkfonksa ,oa vuqHkoh f'k{kdksa n~okjk fd, x, lq>koksa dk ge Lokxr djsaxs
ftlls Hkkoh la'kks/uksa esa enn feysxhA
µysf[kdk,¡
(iii)
fo"k;&lwph
1- Hkk"kk vkSj O;kdj.k (Language and Grammar)............................... 5
2- o.kZ&fopkj (Phonology)...................................................................... 8
3- 'kCn (Word).......................................................................................... 11
4- okD; (Sentence)................................................................................... 13
5- laKk (Noun)........................................................................................... 16
6- fyax (Gender)....................................................................................... 19
7- opu (Number).................................................................................... 22
8- loZuke (Pronoun)................................................................................ 25
9- fo'ks"k.k (Adjective).............................................................................. 27
 vH;kl iz'u&i=kµ1.............................................................................. 29
10- fØ;k (Verb)........................................................................................... 30
11- dky (Tense).......................................................................................... 33
12- 'kCn&HkaMkj (Vocabulary)..................................................................... 35
13- fojke&fpg~u (Punctuation)................................................................ 38
14- v'kqn~fèk&'kksèku (Error Correction).................................................... 40
15- eqgkojs (Idioms)..................................................................................... 42
 vH;kl iz'u&i=kµ2.............................................................................. 44
16- vifBr xn~;ka'k (Unseen Passages)................................................... 45
 Kku&ijh{kk............................................................................................... 46
 dk;Z&if=kdk,¡.......................................................................................... 48
 dk;Z&if=kdkµmRrjkoyh........................................................................ 68
(iv)
Hkk"kk vkSj O;kdj.k
Language and Grammar
1
ikB ;kstuk
f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk
iqLrd % eSa vkSj esjk O;kdj.k d{kk % 4
fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------
mifo"k; % Hkk"kk vkSj O;kdj.k fnukad % ----------------------
mn~ns'; l Hkk"kk fdls dgrs gSa\ bldk ekuo&thou esa D;k egRo gS\µiz'uksa ls ifjfpr
djkukA
l Hkk"kk osQ :i] Hkkf"kd dkS'kyksa dk Kku ,oa fodkl djukA
l fofHkUu fyfi;ksa dh tkudkjh nsukA
l O;kdj.k fdls dgrs gSa vkSj Hkk"kk esa bldk D;k egRo gS\µle>kukA
l iz'uksa osQ mRrj fy[kokukA
l Nk=kksa dh rkfoZQd ,oa oSpkfjd {kerk dk fodkl djukA
l viuh ekr`Hkk"kk osQ vf/dkf/d iz;ksx ij cy nsukA
l ,d&nwljs dh Hkk"kk dk lEeku djuk fl[kkukA
lgk;d lkexzh l ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj] fofHkUu ns'kksa dh eqæk,¡] czsy fyfi pkVZ
vkfnA
iwoZKku ijh{kk l iwoZKku ijh{kk osQ fy, ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* xfrfof/ d{kk esa djokbZ tk,xh
rFkk xfrfof/ esa iwNs x, lHkh iz'uksa osQ larks"ktud mRrj ikdj f'k{kd vius
mn~ns'; dh ?kks"k.kk djsaxsA
cPpks] vkt ge ikBµ1 ^Hkk"kk vkSj O;kdj.k* i<+saxsA
f'k{k.k&laosQr l lcls igys iwoZKku dh ijh{kk gsrq Nk=kksa ls Hkk"kk vkSj O;kdj.k laca/h NksVs&NksVs
iz'u iwNs tk,¡xs] tSlsµ
µ ckrphr djus dk eq[; lk/u D;k gS\
µ ckrphr fdrus rjhdksa ls dh tk ldrh gS\
5
µ D;k izR;sd Hkk"kk dh ,d gh fyfi gksrh gS\
µ fyfi fdls dgrs gSa\ vkfnA
l Hkk"kk osQ :iksa vkSj mlosQ dkS'kyksa dks NksVh&NksVh xfrfof/;ksas n~okjk le>k,¡xs_
tSlsµ
µ Hkk"kk osQ :i dks le>kus osQ fy, v[kckj vkSj eksckby fn[kk,¡xsA
µ Nk=kksa ls vkil esa ckrphr djok,¡xsA
l blls Nk=kksa esa cksyus dk vkRefo'okl tkxsxk vkSj muesa okpu ,oa Jo.k dkS'kyksa
dk fodkl Hkh gksxkA
l fofHkUu fyfi;ksa dh tkudkjh osQ fy, fofHkUu ns'kksa dh eqæk,¡ vFkok baVjusV ls
fudkys x, fp=kksa dk iz;ksx djsaxsA fyfi;ksa dh igpku djkus osQ fy, vH;kl
Hkh djk, tk,¡xsA
l O;kdj.k fdl rjg 'kqn~/ cksyuk] i<+uk vkSj fy[kuk fl[kkrk gSµblosQ fy,
fHkUu&fHkUu izkarksa osQ Nk=kksa ls vyx&vyx okD;ksa dk eq[kj okpu djok,¡xs
rFkk NksVs&NksVs fo"k;ksa ij ys[ku osQ fy, Hkh mUgsa izsfjr djsaxsA blls Nk=kksa esa
vkReewY;kadu dk Hkko tkxsxk vkSj os ,d&nwljs osQ dk;Z dh ljkguk djuk Hkh
lh[ksaxsA
l vH;kl osQ lHkh iz'uksa ij d{kk esa Nk=kksa osQ lkFk ppkZ dh tk,xh] rRi'pkr~ mUgsa
mRrj&iqfLrdk esa fy[kok;k tk,xkA
l fofHkUu f'k{k.k&lkefxz;ksa dk iz;ksx djosQ fo"k; dks jkspd ,oa lqxzkg~; cuk;k
tk,xkA
djosQ nsf[k, l czsy fyfi pkVZ dks ns[k ,oa le>dj viuk&viuk uke fy[kuk fl[kk;k tk,xkA
l fofHkUu ns'kksa dh Hkk"kk] fyfi ,oa eqækvksa osQ fo"k; esa tkudkjh izkIr djus osQ
fy, baVjusV dh lgk;rk ysus osQ fy, Nk=kksa dks izksRlkfgr fd;k tk,xkA
fu"d"kZ l Nk=k Hkk"kk] mlosQ :i] dkS'ky] fyfi ,oa O;kdj.k osQ fo"k; esa iw.kZ :i ls
tkudkjh ,oa iz;ksx esa l{ke gks losaQxsA
fujh{k.k l Nk=kksa n~okjk fd, x, izR;sd xfrfof/ ,oa dk;Z dh tk¡p dh tk,xhA
ikBkar vH;kl&iz'uksa osQ mRrj
”kjk crkb, rks

1- (d) ,d&nwljs rd viuh ckr igq¡pkus dk lk/u Hkk"kk dgykrk gSA
6
([k) Hkk"kk dks fy[kus osQ fy, fu/kZfjr fpg~u fyfi dgykrs gSaA
(x) 1- lquuk] 2- cksyuk] 3- i<+uk] 4- fy[kukA
(?k) Hkk"kk dks 'kqn~/ :i esa cksyuk] i<+uk vkSj fy[kuk fl[kkus okys 'kkL=k dks O;kdj.k
dgrs gSaA
vkb,] vc fy[ksa
1- (d) fyf[kr ([k) ekSf[kd (x) fyfi
(?k) 'kqn~/ (Ä) izsaQp] xqtjkrh
2- (d)  ([k)  (x)  (?k)  (Ä) 
3- (d) ekSf[kd ([k) ekSf[kd
(x) ekSf[kd@lkaosQfrd (?k) fyf[kr
4- (d) fganh (ii) nsoukxjh
([k) vaxzs”kh (i) jkseu
(x) mnwZ (iv) I+kQkjlh
(?k) ckaxyk (iii) ckaxyk
(Ä) iatkch (v) xq#eq[kh
”kjk lksfp, rks

 Nk=k viuh le> osQ vuqlkj mRrj nsaxsA
djosQ nsf[k,
 jk"Vª Hkk"kk eqæk
Hkkjr fganh #i;k
tkiku tkikuh ;su
:l :lh :cy
vesfjdk vaxzs”kh MkWyj
ikfdLrku vjch&I+kQkjlh] mnwZ #i;k
(Nk=k viuh ilan ls dksbZ Hkh ik¡p jk"Vªksa osQ uke fy[k ldrs gSaA)
 Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA
7
o.kZ&fopkj Phonology
2
ikB ;kstuk
f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk
fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------
mifo"k; % o.kZ&fopkj fnukad % ----------------------
mn~ns'; l o.kks± osQ 'kqn~/ mPpkj.k ,oa mudh igpku djkukA

l o.kks± osQ izdkj rFkk vuqLokj] vuqukfld] folxZ vkfn dks ljy ,oa #fpdj
rjhosQ ls le>kukA
l fofHkUu o.kks± dks tksM+dj 'kCn cukuk fl[kkukA
l Lojksa dh ek=kk,¡ ,oa muosQ ewy:i dks fofHkUu mnkgj.kksa n~okjk le>kuk ,oa muosQ
mPpkj.k ij cy nsukA
l o.kZekyk rFkk ^j* ls cuus okys 'kCn fl[kkukA
l vH;kl esa fn, x, iz'uksa osQ mRrj gy djokukA
lgk;d lkexzh l ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj] fofHkUu o.kks± osQ ÝyS'k dkMZ] o.kZekyk
dk pkVZ] ^j* osQ fofHkUu iz;ksx rFkk mlls cus 'kCnksa dh lwphA
iwoZKku ijh{kk l Nk=k o.kZ rFkk o.kZekyk ls iwoZ ifjfpr gSaµ;g tkuus osQ fy, ÝyS'k dkMZ fn[kkdj
iz'u iwNs tk,¡xsA lkFk gh ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk esa v/wjs 'kCnksa dh èofu
igpkudj 'kCn iwjs djok,¡A larks"ktud mRrj ikus ij f'k{kd vius mn~ns'; dh
?kks"k.kk djsaxsA fo"k; ';keiV ij fy[ksaxsA
f'k{k.k&laosQr l fofHkUu o.kks± osQ ÝyS'k dkMZ~l fn[kkdj o.kks± dh igpku djokbZ tk,xhA
l ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk esa fn, x, v/wjs 'kCnksa ls èofu igpkudj 'kCn iwjs
djok, tk,¡xs rFkk oqQN u, 'kCn Hkh cuok,¡xsA
l vuqLokj] vuqukfld rFkk folxZ dh igpku osQ fy, fofHkUu fp=kksa osQ ÝyS'k
8
dkMZ~l fn[kk,¡xs rFkk ';keiV ij Nk=kksa ls vuqLokj] vuqukfld rFkk folxZ dk
mfpr iz;ksx djokrs gq, mu fp=kksa osQ uke fy[kok,¡xsA
l vkxr Loj ^vkW* dh tkudkjh Hkh nh tk,xhA
l Lojksa dh ek=kk,¡ fl[kkus osQ fy, Nk=kksa dks oqQN ÝyS'k dkMZ~l fn, tk,¡xs] ftuesa
Loj vkSj ek=kk,¡ vyx&vyx gksaxhµmudk lgh feyku djus osQ fy, dgk
tk,xkA
l la;qDr O;atu rFkk muls cuus okys 'kCn fl[kk, tk,¡xsA
l ^fo'ks"kK* LraHk osQ n~okjk oqQN ;kn j[kus ;ksX; ckrsa crkbZ tk,¡xh] tks o.kks± dks
le>us esa lgk;d gksaxhA
l o.kZekyk dk mPpkj.k djok;k tk,xkA
l ^j* osQ fofHkUu iz;ksx fl[kkus osQ fy, d{kk esa ^j* ls cus 'kCnksa dh lwph fn[kkbZ
tk,xhA
l ^vkvks nksgjk,¡* osQ ekè;e ls iwjk ikB eq[; fcanqvksa osQ lkFk ,d ckj fiQj
nksgjk;k tk,xk rkfd izR;sd Nk=k o.kks± ls ifjfpr gks losQA
l Nk=kksa dks ikB dh lhúMhú Hkh fn[kkbZ tk,xh rFkk chp&chp esa lhúMhú jksddj
iz'u Hkh iwNs tk,¡xsA
l f'k{kd dk mn~ns'; d{kk dks vf/d&ls&vf/d cuuk gksuk pkfg,A
l var esa vH;kl esa fn, x, iz'uksa osQ mRrj ikjLifjd ppkZ osQ i'pkr fy[kok,
tk,¡xsA
fu"d"kZ l Nk=k ô.kZ&fopkj* ikB dks ,d u, ,oa jkspd rjhosQ ls le> losaQxs rFkk
vius&ijk;s dk Hksn Hkqykdj lcdks leku Hkko ls viukuk lh[ksaxsA
fujh{k.k l Nk=kksa n~okjk dh xbZ izR;sd xfrfof/ ,oa dk;Z dk fujh{k.k f'k{kd n~okjk fd;k
tk,xkA

”kjk crkb, rks
l Hkk"kk dh lcls NksVh bdkbZ ;k èofu ftlosQ VqdM+s ugha fd, tk ldrs] mls o.kZ dgrs gSaA
l Lojµ ftu o.kks± dk mPpkj.k fcuk fdlh vU; o.kZ dh lgk;rk ls fd;k tkrk gS] os O;atu
dgykrs gSaA
9
O;atuµ 1- ftu o.kks± dk mPpkj.k Lojksa dh lgk;rk ls fd;k tkrk gS] os O;atu dgykrs gSaA
2- budk mPpkj.k Lojksa dh lgk;rk ls fd;k tkrk gSA
l {k] =k] K] J
l Lojksa osQ LFkku ij yxus okys fo'ks"k fpg~u ek=kk dgykrs gSaA
vkb,] vc fy[ksa
1- (d) vkjh] vknj ([k) ,d] ,drk (x) Í"kHk] Írq (?k) mYyw] mupkl
2- (d) eafnj ([k) canj (x) pk¡n (?k) nk¡r
3- (d) lekslk ([k) FkSyk (x) >wyk
(?k) lqcg (Ä) ”kqjkc (p) ykyVsu
4- (d) pqfg;k ([k) dfork (x) uohu (?k) ekSleh
5- (d) o"kkZ ([k) Hkze.k (x) Vªd (?k) j”kkbZ
”kjk lksfp, rks
l Nk=k viuh le> osQ vuqlkj mRrj nsaxsA
djosQ nsf[k,
l Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA
10
'kCnWord
3
ikB ;kstuk
f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk
fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------
mifo"k; % 'kCn fnukad % ----------------------
mn~ns'; l ^'kCn fdls dgrs gSa\ ;s oSQls curs gSa\µiz'uksa osQ mRrj nsukA
l lkFkZd vkSj fujFkZd 'kCnksa osQ varj dks le>kukA
l 'kCn&fuekZ.k fl[kkukA
l iz'uksa osQ mRrj dk fyf[kr vH;kl djokukA
lgk;d lkexzh l ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj] fofHkUu o.kks± osQ ÝyS'k dkMZ] fofHkUu
'kCnksa osQ ÝyS'k dkMZ vkfnA
iwoZKku ijh{kk l 'kCn&vaR;k{kjh dk [ksy [ksydj d{kk esa #fpdj ,oa euksjatd rjhosQ ls Nk=kksa dh
'kCn&Kku laca/h iwoZKku dh ijh{kk yh tk,xhA izR;sd Nk=k dh blesa Hkkxhnkfjrk
gks] bl ckr dk iw.kZ è;ku j[ksaA
f'k{k.k&laosQr l lcls igys d{kk dks baVsjsfDVo cukus osQ fy, ^'kCn vaR;k{kjh* dk [ksy djok,¡A
l Nk=kksa dks vyx&vyx fp=k fn[kk, tk,¡xs vkSj fp=k osQ uhps fy[ks 'kCnksa dk eq[kj
okpu djok;k tk,xkA
l iwjk ikB d{kk esa i<+k;k tk,xk rFkk lkFkZd vkSj fujFkZd 'kCnksa dh igpku djokbZ
tk,xhA
l ÝyS'k dkMZ osQ n~okjk o.kks± dks tksM+dj u, 'kCn cuok, tk,¡xsA
l dkM~Zl esa cus 'kCnksa esa ls lkFkZd vkSj fujFkZd 'kCn Nk¡Vus osQ fy, dgsa rkfd
;g fuf'pr gks losQ fd Nk=kksa dks 'kCnksa dh igpku gks xbZ gSA
l oqQN Nk=kksa ls ';keiV ij Hkh 'kCn fy[kok, tk,¡xsA
l ^vkvks nksgjk,¡* osQ ekè;e ls iwjk ikB nksgjk;k tk,xkA
l lhúMhú pykdj ikB dks n'kkZ;k tk,xk ftlls Nk=kksa osQ Jo.k&dkS'ky dk
fodkl gks losQA
l vH;kl osQ iz'uksa osQ mRrj ikjLifjd ppkZ osQ i'pkr gy fd, tk,¡xsA
11
fu"d"kZ l lkFkZd ,oa fujFkZd 'kCnksa dh igpku dj ik,¡xsA
l vaR;k{kjh osQ n~okjk u, 'kCn&fuekZ.k dj ik,¡xsA
l thou esa izR;sd oLrq egRoiw.kZ gSµ;g le> ik,¡xsA
l lekpkj&i=k i<+uk rFkk 'kCndks'k ns[kuk lh[k ik,¡xsA
fujh{k.k l Nk=kksa n~okjk fd, x, izR;sd dk;Z ,oa xfrfof/ dk f'k{kd n~okjk fujh{k.k fd;k
tk,xkA

”kjk crkb, rks
l nks ;k nks ls vf/d o.kks± osQ lkFkZd esy dks 'kCn dgrs gSaA
l vFkZ osQ vk/kj ij 'kCnksa osQ nks Hksn gksrs gSaA
l o.kks± osQ esy ls cus ,sls 'kCn] ftudk dksbZ vFkZ ugha gksrk gS] fujFkZd 'kCn dgykrs gSa_
tSlsµyedA
l ^xeyk* rFkk ^xkM+h* lkFkZd 'kCn gSaA
vkb,] vc fy[ksa
1- iQy yid dey yVd dy'k 'kjcr
ns[kuk ukd dljr rjcw”k txg gy
(Nk=kksa n~okjk cuk, x, vU; lgh 'kCn Hkh Lohdkjs tk,¡A)
2- lkFkZd 'kCn fujFkZd 'kCn fujFkZd 'kCnksa ls cus lkFkZd 'kCn
pkch yhew ewyh
xxu ldjl ljdl
dkyh /kikS ikS/k
f[kM+dh M+k?kks ?kksM+k
xktj VVekj VekVj
fctyh ywvk vkyw
dgkuh ryjok ryokj
pknj j”kkck ck”kkj
ydM+h bZikjpk pkjikbZ
evu veu
Fkhes esFkh
”kjk lksfp, rks
djosQ nsf[k,
l Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA
12
okD;
Sentence
4
ikB ;kstuk
f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk
fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------
mifo"k; % okD; fnukad % ----------------------
mn~ns'; l okD; fdls dgrs gSaµle>kukA

l 'kqn~/ ,oa lkFkZd okD; cukuk fl[kkukA
l okD; osQ vaxµmnns'; vkSj fo/s; dh igpku djuk lh[kukA
l fofHkUu 'kCnksa osQ iz;ksx ls okD; cuokukA
l lgh mn~ns'; dk p;u dj] 'kqn~/ okD; cuokukA
l ys[ku&dkS'ky dk fodkl djokukA
lgk;d lkexzh l ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj vkfnA

iwoZKku ijh{kk l d{kk esa Nk=kksa osQ iwoZKku dh tk¡p osQ fy, ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* xfrfof/ esa
fy[ks x, laokn muls mPp Loj esa i<+okuk rFkk laokn esa iz;qDr okD;ksa dh
v'kqn~f/;ksa dh igpku djus osQ fy, dgukA
l mRrj larks"ktud gksus ij f'k{kd n~okjk vius mn~ns'; dh ?kks"k.kk djukA
f'k{k.k&laosQr l lcls igys d{kk eas cPpksa dks vkil eas ckrphr dk volj iznku djsaxs vkSj
,d&nwljs dh ckrphr dks è;ku ls lquus osQ fy, dgsaxsA
l vc ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* xfrfof/ ls lacaf/r rFkk vU; NksVs&NksVs iz'u iwNsaxsA
l mUgsa le>k,¡xs fd fdl rjg ge 'kCnksa dk lgh Øe esa iz;ksx u djus ls okD;
v'kqn~/ rFkk vFkZghu gks tkrk gSA
13
l 'kCn dh ifjHkk"kk rFkk 'kCn osQ nks vaxµmn~ns'; vkSj fo/s; dks iqLrd esa cus
fp=k rFkk muosQ uhps fy[ks okD;ksa osQ ekè;e ls le>k,¡xsA
l ';keiV dk iz;ksx djrs gq, mn~ns'; vkSj fo/s; dk n`'; :i esa Kku fn;k
tk,xkA
l d{kk esa lhúMhú fn[kkdj ikB dks jkspd rjhosQ ls le>k;k tk,xkA
l ^vkvks nksgjk,¡* ikB dk lcls mi;ksxh LraHk gS] tks ikB osQ eq[; fcanqvksa dks
Lej.k j[kus esa enn djrk gSA vr% eq[; fcanqvksa dks iqu% crk;k tk,xkA
l d{kk osQ var esa vH;kl osQ iz'u&mRrj rFkk xfrfof/ djokbZ tk,xhA
l 'kCn&iphZ dk [ksy [ksyk tk,xkA 'kCnksa ls u, ,oa vFkZiw.kZ okD; cuok, tk,¡xsA
fu"d"kZ l Nk=k lkFkZd okD;&fuekZ.k rFkk mn~ns';&fo/s; dh igpku dj ik,¡xsA
fujh{k.k l Nk=kksa n~okjk fy, x, dk;ks± ,oa xfrfof/;ksa dk f'k{kd n~okjk fujh{k.k fd;k
tk,xkA

”kjk crkb, rks
l 'kCnksa osQ lkFkZd esy dks okD; dgrs gSaA
l okD; osQ nks vax gSaµmn~ns'; vkSj fo/s;A
l okD; esa ftlosQ ckjs eas dksbZ ckr dgh tk,] mls mn~ns'; dgrs gSa] tSlsµ^'k'kkad lkbfdy
pyk jgk gSA* okD; eas 'k'kkad mn~ns'; gSA
l fo/s; mn~ns'; osQ ckjs esa crkrk gSA
vkb,] vc fy[ksa
1- mn~ns'; fo/s;
(d) fnlacj esa cgqr ljnh iM+rh gSA
([k) lk¡i cgqr ”kgjhyk gSA
(x) lSfud ;qn~/ djrs gSaA
(?k) vke iQyksa dk jktk gSA
(Ä) ge rktegy ns[kus x, FksA
14
2- (d) fgeky; ([k) MkWDVj (x) 'ksj
(?k) miou (Ä) Ñ".k
3- (d) ifjJe dk iQy ehBk gksrk gSA
([k) okn&fookn izfr;ksfxrk esa izFke LFkku ikus ij eq>s cgqr [kq'kh gqbZA
(x) fØosQV eSp esa Hkkjr us fot; izkIr dj yhA
(?k) lqukj lksus osQ xgus cukrk gSA
(Nk=kksa n~okjk cuk, x, mfpr okD;ksa dks Hkh LohdkjsaA)
”kjk lksfp, rks
djosQ nsf[k,
l Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA
15
laKk
Noun
5
ikB ;kstuk
f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk
fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------
mifo"k; % laKk fnukad % ----------------------
mn~ns'; l laKk dh ifjHkk"kk rFkk mlosQ Hksnksa ls ifjfpr djukA

l Hkk"kkbZ dkS'kyksa dk fodkl djukA
l thou esa uke osQ egRo dks le>kukA
l laKk vkSj mlosQ Hksnksa osQ O;kogkfjd iz;ksx dks lqn`<+ djukA
l Nk=kksa dks vfHkO;fDr dh Lora=krk nsukA
l muesa vkRefo'okl iSnk djukA
lgk;d lkexzh l ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj] ÝyS'k dkMZ~l vkfnA
iwoZKku ijh{kk l lcls igys d{kk esa Nk=kksa ls muosQ uke tkurs gq, ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* xfrfof/
n~okjk Nk=kksa osQ iwoZKku dh ijh{kk yh tk,xhA
l xfrfof/ esa iwNs x, lHkh iz'uksa osQ larks"ktud mRrj ikdj f'k{kd vius mn~ns';
dh ?kks"k.kk djsaxsA
f'k{k.k&laosQr l lcls igys Nk=kksa dk ifjp; fy;k tk,xkA
l ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk dks Nk=kksa ls djokrs gq, d{kk dks baVsjsfDVo cuk;k
tk,xk rkfd Nk=k ikB esa #fp ysaA
l laKk osQ fo"k; esa le>krs gq, mUgsa izkf.k;ksa] oLrqvksa] LFkku] Hkko vkfn osQ uke
crk, tk,¡xsA
16
l lgh mRrj nsus ij mudk mRlkgo/Zu fd;k tk,xkA
l ';keiV ,oa vU; lk/uksa dk mi;ksx djrs gq, laKk osQ Hksnksa osQ fo"k; esa le>k;k
tk,xkA
l izR;sd Hksn osQ fy, lacaf/r fp=kksa osQ ÝyS'k dkMZ~l fn[kk, tk,¡xsA
l chp&chp esa Nk=kksa ls iz'u Hkh iwNs tk,¡xs_ tSlsµ
1- laKk fdls dgrs gSa\
2- laKk osQ fdrus Hksn gksrs gSa\
3- vHkh ge fdl Hksn dh ckr dj jgs gSa\ vkfnA
l f'k{kd bl ckr dk è;ku j[ksa fd izR;sd Nk=k dh leku Hkkxhnkfjrk gksA
l O;fDrokpd laKk vkSj tkfrokpd laKkµnksuksa ,d&nwljs ls vyx oSQls gSa] Nk=kksa
ls iwNsa rRi'pkr~ mUgas le>k,¡] mnkgj.kksa dh lgk;rk ysaA
l d{kk esa Nk=kksa dks vfHkO;fDr osQ ”;knk ls ”;knk volj iznku djsaA
l ^vkvks nksgjk,¡* osQ ekè;e ls iwjs ikB osQ eq[; fcanqvksa dks nqckjk le>k,¡A
l ikB dks lhúMhú osQ ekè;e ls n'kkZ,¡ rFkk ;g lqfuf'pr djsa fd d{kk osQ lHkh
Nk=k ^laKk* rFkk mlosQ Hksnksa dks igpku pqosQ gSa rFkk mudk Lora=k :i esa iz;ksx
dj ldrs gSaA
l vH;kl osQ iz'uksa ij ijLij ppkZ djrs gq, d{kk esa djok,¡A
fu"d"kZ l Nk=k laKk ls iw.kZ ifjfpr gks ik,¡xs rFkk uke osQ egRo dks le> ik,¡xsA
fujh{k.k l Nk=kksa n~okjk fd, x, dk;ks± dh tk¡p dh tk,xhA

”kjk crkb, rks
l fdlh izk.kh (O;fDr] i'kq&i{kh)] oLrq] LFkku ;k Hkko dk cks/ djkus okys 'kCnksa dks laKk
dgrs gSa_ tSlsµjksgu] eksckby] eækl] gfj;kyh vkfnA
l laKk osQ rhu Hksn gSaµO;fDrokpd laKk] tkfrokpd laKk] Hkkookpd laKkA
l O;fDrokpd laKkµlfpu rsanqydj_ tkfrokpd laKkµlsuk_
Hkkookpd laKkµcpiuA
17
vkb,] vc fy[ksa
1- (d) fgEer ([k) jkt/kuh (x) vesfjdk
(?k) fganh (Ä) liQyrk
2- cxhpk isM+ e/qefD[k;k¡ NRrk e/qefD[k;k¡ NRrs 'kgn cxhps frrfy;k¡ A
3- O;fDrokpd tkfrokpd Hkkookpd
(d) dj.k ek¡] [kkuk] gkFk ilan
([k) xfjek ?kj ltkoV
(x) pkpk usg: cPpksa I;kj
(?k) lwjt mtkyk
4- (d) nnZ ([k) [kq'kh (x) nq[k
(?k) Mj (Ä) ?kcjkgV
5- 1- O;fDrokpd 2- tkfrokpd 3- Hkkookpd
”kjk lksfp, rks
djosQ nsf[k,
l Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA
18
fyax
Gender
6
ikB ;kstuk
f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk
fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------
mifo"k; % fyax fnukad % ----------------------
mn~ns'; l fyax fdls dgrs gSa\ fyax osQ Hksn vkfn ls ifjfpr djkukA
l L=khfyax&iqfYyax 'kCnksa dh igpku djkukA
l L=khfyax&iqfYyax esa 'kCn&ifjorZu djokukA
l iz'uksa osQ mRrj nsus dh {kerk dk fodkl djukA
l Hkk"kk esa fyax osQ O;kogkfjd iz;ksx ij cy nsukA
l L=kh&iq#"k] yM+osQ&yM+dh esa HksnHkko u djuk dk Hkko tkxzr djukA
lgk;d lkexzh l ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] pkVZ isij] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj] iqfYyax&L=khfyax 'kCnksa dh
lwphA
iwoZKku ijh{kk l Nk=kksa esa ^fyax* fo"k; laca/h tkudkjh dh ijh{kk ysukA
l d{kk esa yM+osQ&yM+fd;ksa dk ifjp; ysuk rFkk ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk dks
mPp Loj esa i<+us osQ fy, dgukA
l fp=k fn[kkdj ,oa iz'u iwNdj Nk=kksa osQ L=khfyax&iqfYyax laca/h iwoZKku dks
ij[kukA
l larks"ktud mRrj izkIr gksus ij f'k{kd n~okjk vius mn~ns'; dh ?kks"k.kk djukA
f'k{k.k&laosQr l lcls igys d{kk esa fon~;kfFkZ;ksa dks viuh d{kk osQ yM+osQ&yM+fd;ksa dh la[;k
crkus osQ fy, dgsaxsA
l fp=k fn[kkdj L=khfyax vkSj iqfYyax 'kCnksa osQ fo"k; esa ppkZ djsaxsA
l ^fyax* dh ifjHkk"kk fofHkUu mnkgj.k nsrs gq, le>k,¡xsA
19
l iqLrd esa fn, x, okD;ksa dks Nk=kksa ls gh i<+ok,¡xs rkfd Nk=kksa esa okpu ,oa iBu
dkS'ky dk fodkl gks losQA blls d{kk esa mRlkg Hkh cuk jgsxkA
l ';keiV dk iz;ksx djrs gq, fyax osQ Hksnksa dks le>k,¡xsA
l chp&chp esa Nk=kksa ls ';keiV ij L=khfyax&iqfYyax 'kCn fy[kus osQ fy, Hkh
dgsaxsA
l L=khfyax&iqfYyax 'kCn&lwph dk pkVZ fn[kkdj Nk=kksa ls ekSf[kd iz'u iwNs tk,¡xs_
tSlsµ^ys[kd* dk L=khfyax 'kCn D;k gksxk\ ^cgu* dk iqfYyax 'kCn D;k gksxk\
vkfnA
l ^fo'ks"k* LraHk dh ckrksa dks le>k;k ,oa mudk egRo crk;k tk,xkA
l ^vkvks nksgjk,¡* osQ n~okjk ikB osQ eq[; fcanqvksa dks nksgjk;k tk,xkA
l lhúMhú n~okjk ikB n'kkZdj ikB dks #fpdj ,oa d{kk dks baVsjsfDVo cuk;k
tk,xkA
l vH;kl&iz'uksa dks vkil esa ppkZ djosQ gy djk;k tk,xkA
fujh{k.k l Nk=kksa osQ dk;ks± ,oa xfrfof/;ksa dk f'k{kd n~okjk fujh{k.k fd;k tk,xkA
fu"d"kZ l Nk=k L=khfyax&iqfYyax 'kCnksa dh igpku ,oa iz;ksx esa l{ke gSaA
”kjk crkb, rks

l L=khfyax 'kCn dk iz;ksx yM+dh vFkok L=kh&tkfr osQ fy, fd;k tkrk gS vkSj iqfYyax 'kCn
dk iz;ksx yM+dk vFkok iq#"k osQ fy, fd;k tkrk gSA
l Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA
l igkM+ksa] o`{kksa vkSj fnuksa osQ uke iqfYyax gksrs gSaA
vkb,] vc fy[ksa
1- L=khfyax iqfYyax
fcYyh ys[kd
?kM+h yksgk
Xokfyu iafMr
iqLrd cxhpk
20
2- (d) ruq us rhu fgj.k ns[ksA
([k) eSaus ,d lqanj fp=k cuk;kA
(x) vkt osQ v[kckj esa vuks[kh [kcj Nih gSA
(?k) irhys esa ikuh mcy jgk gSA
3- (d) gfFkfu;ksa dk >qaM ?kwe jgk gSA
([k) xk;d us cgqr lqjhyk xk;kA
(x) Nk=kk,¡ ikB'kkyk tk jgh gSaA
(?k) cdjk lkjh ?kkl [kk x;kA
4- (d) lC”kh ([k) ukuh (x) urZdh (?k) isafly
”kjk lksfp, rks
djosQ nsf[k,
p Nk 'ks j uh ia
e =kk fc ls yk fM
o /w Yyh Bk [k rk
ukS d jk uh yk b
{k r fc c g u
21
opu
Number
7
ikB ;kstuk
f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk
fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------
mifo"k; % opu fnukad % ----------------------
mn~ns'; l ôpu* osQ fo"k; esa le>kukA

l opu fdl izdkj ifjofrZr gksrs gSaµle>kukA
l opu osQ Hksn le>kukA
l oqQN fo'ks"k 'kCn] tks lnSo ,dopu ;k cgqopu jgrs gSaµosQ fo"k; esa crkukA
l 'kCn&igsyh rFkk vU; xfrfof/;ksa ls fo"k; dks jkspd ,oa lqxzkg~; cukukA
l opu dh igpku ,oa iz;ksx dks lqn`<+ djukA
lgk;d lkexzh l ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj] opu laca/h 'kCn&lwph dk pkVZ vkfnA
iwoZKku ijh{kk l Nk=kksa dks ôpu* laca/h Kku gSµbldh tk¡p osQ fy, ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk
Nk=kksa ls djok;k tk,xkA LraHk esa fn, x, iz'uksa osQ lgh mRrj feyus ij f'k{kd
vius mn~ns'; dh ?kks"k.kk djsaxsA
f'k{k.k&laosQr l lcls igys ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk esa nh xbZ dfork dk Nk=kksa ls eq[kj okpu
djok,¡xsA
l rRi'pkr~ dfork esa vk, ,dopu rFkk cgqopu okys 'kCn Nk¡Vdj fy[kus osQ
fy, dgsaxsA
22
l lgh mRrj feyus osQ i'pkr Nk=kksa dks ôpu* dh ifjHkk"kk fofHkUu mnkgj.kksa osQ
ekè;e ls le>k,¡xs rFkk opu osQ Hksnksa ij ppkZ djsaxsA
l 'kCn&lwph dk pkVZ fn[kkdj Nk=kksa dks ,dopu rFkk cgqopu laca/h 'kCn Lej.k
djok,¡xsA
l ^fo'ks"k* LraHk iqLrd dk cgqr gh egRoiw.kZ va'k gS] ftl ij fo'ks"k è;ku nsus
dh vko';drk gSA vr% Nk=kksa dks Hkh bl LraHk dks è;kuiwoZd lquus osQ fy,
dgk tk,xkA
l ikB dh lhúMhú dks d{kk esa izkstsDVj osQ ekè;e ls pyk;k tk,xk rFkk
chp&chp esa lhúMhú jksddj iz'u iwNs tk,¡xs_ tSlsµ
1- dkSu&ls laKk 'kCn ,dopu rFkk cgqopu esa leku jgrs gSa\
2- lnSo cgqopu osQ :i esa iz;ksx fd, tkus okys 'kCn crkb,A
3- ;fn 'kCn osQ var esa ^bZ* ;k ^Å* gks rks cgqopu esa D;k gks tkrk gS\ vkfnA
l ^vkvks nksgjk,¡* n~okjk ikB osQ eq[; fcanqvksa ij iqu% izdk'k Mkyk tk,xkA
l vH;kl osQ iz'uksa dks Nk=kksa dh lgk;rk ysrs gq, gy fd;k tk,xkA
l xfrfof/ dks jkspd rjhosQ ls] ,d izfr;ksfxrk osQ :i eas d{kk esa djk;k tk,xkA
fot;h Nk=kksa dks 'kkck'kh nh tk,xh
fu"d"kZ l opu rFkk mlosQ Hksn Nk=k le> ik,¡xs rFkk mudk lgh :i esa iz;ksx dj losaQxsA
l ,d&nwljs osQ lg;ksx ls dk;Z djuk lh[ksaxsA
fujh{k.k l Nk=kksa osQ dk;ks± ,oa xfrfof/;ksa dh f'k{kd n~okjk tk¡p dh tk,xhA
”kjk crkb, rks

l vkdk'k esa rkjs cgqopu gSaA
l ^Mky* vkSj ^fpfM+;k* ,dopu gSaA
l ^turk* 'kCn dk opu ugha cnysxkA
23
vkb,] vc fy[ksa
1- (d) vk¡lw ([k) gLrk{kj (x) izk.k
(?k) n'kZu (Ä) rkyk (p) xkfM+;k¡
2- (i) ü (ii) û (iii) ü (iv) û (v) ü
(vi) ü (vii) ü (viii) û (ix) û (x) û
3- (d) isM+ ls yrk,¡ fyiVh gqbZ gSaA
([k) gkFkh xUus [kk jgk gSA
(x) cPpksa dks dgkuh ilan vkbZA
(?k) gyokbZ feBkb;k¡ cuk jgk gSA
(Ä) rqEgsa dkSu&lh Hkk"kk vkrh gS\
5- (d) lkbfdysa ([k) #i;k (x) jkr (?k) fpV~fB;k¡
(Ä) ijh{kk,¡ (p) ckr (N) o/w (t) Nk=kk,¡
”kjk lksfp, rks
djosQ nsf[k,
l ,dopu okys 'kCnµoqQjlh] Hkk"kk] cw¡n] pwgk] #i;k] lM+d] ekyk] o/w] cxhpk] iRrk] dFkk]
dgkuh] oLrq] frudkA
24
loZukePronoun
8
ikB ;kstuk
f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk
fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------
mifo"k; % loZuke fnukad % ----------------------
mn~ns'; l loZuke osQ iz;ksx ,oa mlosQ egRo dks le>kukA

l vH;kl iz'u&i=k gy djus osQ fy, izsfjr djukA
l loZuke vkSj mlosQ Hksnksa osQ O;kogkfjd iz;ksx ij cyA
l nwljksa dk lEeku djuk fl[kk;kA
lgk;d lkexzh l ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj] iqLrd vkfnA
iwoZKku ijh{kk l Nk=kksa dks ^loZuke* dh igpku gS] mUgsa loZuke rFkk mlosQ Hksnksa dk Kku gSµ;g
tkuus osQ fy, ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk Nk=kksa ls djok;k tk,xkA
l larks"ktud izfrfØ;k ikdj f'k{kd vius mn~ns'; dh ?kks"k.kk djsaxsA ';keiV ij
fo"k; fy[ksaxsA
f'k{k.k&laosQr l lcls igys d{kk esa Nk=kksa dks vius fo"k; esa rFkk vius fe=k osQ fo"k; esa nks&nks
okD; cksyus osQ fy, dgsaxsA
l rRi'pkr~ muosQ n~okjk cksys x, okD;ksa esa ls vius fy, rFkk vius fe=k osQ fy,
uke osQ LFkku ij iz;ksx fd, x, 'kCn Nk¡Vus dks dgsaxsA
l lgh mRrj ikus osQ i'pkr~ ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* esa nh xbZ dfork dk mPp Loj
esa eq[kj okpu djok;k tk,xk rFkk LraHk ij ppkZ djrs gq, vkxs c<+saxsA
l loZuke dk vFkZ crkrs gq, fofHkUu loZuke 'kCnksa osQ fo"k; esa le>k;k tk,xkA
l ';keiV ij loZuke osQ Hksnksa dh rkfydk cukdj mu ij ppkZ dh tk,xhA
l Nk=kksa dks ikB le> esa vk jgk gS] blosQ fy, chp&chp esa muls iz'u Hkh iwNs
tk,¡xsA
l lhúMhú fn[kkdj ikB dks jkspd cuk;k tk,xkA
25
l ^vkvks nksgjk,¡* ls ikB osQ eq[; fcanqvksa dks Lej.k djk;k tk,xkA
l Nk=kksa dk ekxZn'kZu djrs gq, muls vH;kl&iz'u gy djk, tk,¡xsA
fu"d"kZ l ^loZuke* 'kCn ,oa mlosQ Hksnksa ls Nk=k iwjh rjg ifjfpr gks x, gSa ,oa mudk
lgh :i esa iz;ksx dj ldrs gSaA
fujh{k.k l Nk=kksa osQ dk;ks± ,oa xfrfof/;ksa dk f'k{kd n~okjk fujh{k.k fd;k tk,xkA

”kjk crkb, rks
l laKk osQ LFkku ij iz;ksx fd, tkus okys 'kCnksa dks loZuke dgrs gSa_ tSlsµog] ge] rqe vkfnA
l loZuke osQ Ng Hksn gksrs gSaA
l lquus okys osQ fy, ^rqe*] ^rqEgkjk* vkfn loZukeksa dk iz;ksx gksrk gSA
l êSa viuk dke Lo;a djrh gw¡A* okD; esa iq#"kokpd (eSa) rFkk futokpd (Lo;a) loZuke
gSaA
vkb,] vc fy[ksa
1- (d) tfru osQ fy, ([k) jhek osQ fy,
(x) iqLrd osQ fy, (?k) ukuh osQ fy,
2- dfork us viuh lgsyh jhek dks vius ?kj cqyk;kA mlus jhek dks vius dejs eas cSBk;k
vkSj vius f[kykSus vkSj iqLrosaQ fn[kkb±] fiQj mlus viuh ek¡ ls mls feyok;kA
3- (d) ”kjk ns[kks rks] ckgj dksbZ [kM+k gSA
([k) eSa viuk dke dj jgk gw¡A
(x) nhnh gesa le>k jgh gSaA
(?k) rqeus mldh lkbfdy D;ksa yh\
4- loZuke Hksn
dkSu iz'uokpd
dksbZ vfu'p;okpd
eSaus] viuh iq#"kokpd] futokpd
fdlh vfu'p;okpd
”kjk lksfp, rks
djosQ nsf[k,
l Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA
26
fo'ks"k.k
Adjective
9
ikB ;kstuk
f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk
fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------
mifo"k; % fo'ks"k.k fnukad % ----------------------
mn~ns'; l fo'ks"k.k ls ifjfpr djkukA

l fo'ks"k.k osQ Hksn mnkgj.k lfgr le>kukA lkoZukfed fo'ks"k.k rFkk loZuke esa
varj le>kukA
l nwljksa osQ xq.kksa dks viukuk rFkk vius xq.kksa dh dæ djuk fl[kkukA
l ikjLifjd ppkZ n~okjk ikB dks #fpdj ,oa lqxzkg~; cukukA
l fo'ks"k.k osQ O;kogkfjd iz;ksx ij cyA
lgk;d lkexzh l ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj] ÝyS'k dkMZ~l] oLrq,¡µxsan] iQy]
fdrkc] isafly] iwQy vkfnA
iwoZKku ijh{kk l ^fo'ks"k.k ls Nk=k iwoZ ifjfpr gSaµ;g tkuus osQ fy, d{kk esa ^tqfM+, vkSj
lef>,* LraHk esa fn, x, Mk;jh osQ va'k dks Nk=kksa ls i<+ok;k tk,xk rFkk mlls
lacaf/r iz'uksa osQ mRrj iwNs tk,¡xsA
l iz'uksa osQ vuqowQy mRrj ikus ij f'k{kd vius mn~ns'; dh ?kks"k.kk djsaxsA
f'k{k.k&laosQr l lcls igys d{kk esa fo'ks"krk crkus okys 'kCnksa osQ fo"k; esa iwNk tk,xkA
l rRi'pkr~ ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk esa of.kZr Mk;jh osQ va'k ls lacaf/r iz'uksa
osQ mRrj iwNs tk,¡xs rFkk Nk=kksa dh lgk;rk ysrs gq, mRrj iqfLrdk esa fy[kus osQ
fy, dgk tk,xkA
l fo'ks"k.k dh ifjHkk"kk crkrs gq, mlosQ Hksnksa ij ppkZ dh tk,xhA
l fo'ks"k.k osQ Hksn ,d rkfydk osQ :i esa ';keiV ij vafdr djosQ le>k, tk,¡xsA
l iqLrd esa fn, x, laokn&fp=k osQ ekè;e ls fo'ks"k.k osQ izR;sd Hksn dks le>k;k
tk,xk rFkk nks&nks Nk=kksa osQ chp laokn djk;k tk,xkA
27
l izR;sd Nk=k dks ikB le> esa vk jgk gSµ;g tkuus osQ fy, d{kk osQ chp&chp
esa fo'ks"k.k 'kCnksa osQ ÝyS'k dkMZ~l Hkh fn[kk, tk,¡xsA
l izR;sd Hksn dks mnkgj.kksa osQ ekè;e ls le>k;k tk,xkA
l ^vkvks nksgjk,¡* n~okjk ikB osQ eq[; fcanqvksa ij iqu% izdk'k Mkyk tk,xkA
vH;kl&iz'u Nk=kksa dks lgk;rk nsrs gq,] ijLij ppkZ osQ i'pkr~ fy[kok, tk,¡xsA
fu"d"kZ l Nk=k fo'ks"; rFkk mlosQ Hksnksa ls ifjfpr gks ik,¡xsA vius xq.kksa dks igpku ik,¡xsA
l n;k] lgkuqHkwfr] ijksidkj] lg;ksx] d#.kk tSls ekuo&ewY;ksa dks viukuk lh[ksaxsA
fujh{k.k l Nk=kksa osQ dk;ks± ,oa xfrfof/;ksa dh f'k{kd n~okjk tk¡p dh tk,xhA

”kjk crkb, rks
l fo'ks"k.k 'kCn laKk ;k loZuke dh fo'ks"krk crkrs gSaA
l fo'ks"k.k 'kCn ftl laKk ;k loZuke dh fo'ks"krk crkrs gSa] mls fo'ks"; dgrs gSaA
l esjk HkkbZ MkWDVj gSA ;gk¡ êsjk* 'kCn lkoZukfed fo'ks"k.k gSA
vkb,] vc fy[ksa
1- (d) oqQN ([k) rhu (x) jax&fcjaxs
(?k) m¡Qpk (Ä) ohj (p) rhu ehVj (N) igyh
2- (d) [kw¡[kkj ([k) gksf'k;kj (x) ehBs (?k) nks
(Ä) ,d fxykl (p) m¡Qph
3- fo'ks"k.kµ dkys] oqQN] nks lkS] vPNh] Lokfn"V
fo'ks";µ ckny] yksx] #i;s] vknr] idoku
4- Nk=k mRrj Lo;a nsaxsA
5- (d) gal ([k) ikuh (x) iwQy (?k) 'kjcr
6- la[;kokpd fo'ks"k.kµ(d) oqQN (x) oqQN
ifjek.kokpd fo'ks"k.kµ([k) FkksM+k (?k) lkjk
”kjk lksfp, rks
djosQ nsf[k,
l Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA
28
vH;kl iz'u&i=kµ1
1- (d) fyf[kr ([k) jktHkk"kk (x) O;kdj.k (?k) I+kQkjlh
2- (d) bZ $ 'k~ $ o~ $ v $ j~ $ v
([k) i~ $ j~ $ v $ .k~ $ vk $ e~ $ v
(x) l~ $ , $ o~ $ v $ o~Q $ v
3- (d) ü ([k) û (x) ü (?k) û
4- (d) vatfy ([k) laKk (x) g¡lh
(?k) eaxy (Ä) v¡/sjk (p) Nk¡o
5- (d) [kq'kcw ([k) f'k{kk (x) oqQfV;k
6- vKkuh] Je] ;K] Jfed] Kkr] ifjJe
7- laKk 'kCnµveh"kk] tUefnu] ekrk&firk] ck”kkj] fe=kksa] jk?ko] usgk] fuf[ky] eks{kA
8 (d) eSaus jkLrs esa vusd xk;sa ns[khaA
([k) esjs 'kgj esa vusd cxhps gSaA
(x) esjs fon~;ky; esa NqV~fV;k¡ gSaA
(?k) dejs esa pwgs nkSM+ jgs gSaA
9- (d) egkjkuh ([k) ekrk (x) lsB (?k) fcyko
10- (d) esjhµiq#"kokpd loZuke
([k) dksbZµvfu'p;okpd loZuke
(x) ogµfu'p;okpd loZuke
(?k) rqeµiq#"kokpd loZuke_ D;kµiz'uokpd loZuke
11- (d) xqykch ([k) ehBs (x) nks (?k) Hkyh
29
fØ;k Verb
10
ikB ;kstuk
f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk
fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------
mifo"k; % fØ;k fnukad % ----------------------
mn~ns'; l fØ;k ls ifjfpr djkukA

l fØ;k osQ Hksn le>kuk ,oa igpku djkukA
l fofHkUu fØ;k 'kCnksa ls ifjp; djkukA
l iz'uksa osQ mRrj fy[kus dk vH;kl djkukA
l nSfud thou esa fØ;k osQ lgh iz;ksx dks lqfuf'pr djukA
lgk;d lkexzh l ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj] fofHkUu fØ;k 'kCnksa osQ ÝyS'k dkM~ZlA
iwoZKku ijh{kk l ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk n~okjk Nk=kksa osQ ^fØ;k* laca/h iwoZKku dh ijh{kk ysukA
l ijh{kk esa liQy gksus ij f'k{kd n~okjk vius mn~ns'; dh ?kks"k.kk djukA
f'k{k.k&laosQr l loZizFke ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk Nk=kksa dks Lo;a djus osQ fy, izsfjr djukA
l ,d Nk=k ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk esa fn, vuqPNsn dk eq[kj okpu djsxk rFkk
lHkh Nk=k mls è;ku ls lquasxsµblls Jo.k&dkS'ky dk fodkl gksxkA
l fØ;k dh 'kkfCnd ifjHkk"kk le>kbZ tk,xhA
l iqLrd esa fn, mnkgj.k rFkk ÝyS'k dkMZ~l fn[kkdj fØ;k 'kCn le>k, tk,¡xsA
30
l rjg&rjg osQ fØ;k 'kCn nsdj Nk=kksa ls okD; cuok, tk,¡xsA
l d{kk esa lHkh Nk=kksa dh Hkkxhnkfjrk fuf'pr djus osQ fy, muls chp&chp esa
iz'u Hkh iwNsaxsA
l fØ;k osQ HksnksaµldeZd ,oa vdeZd fØ;k dks lhúMhú osQ ekè;e ls le>k,¡xsA
cPps vdlj ns[kdj ftruk lh[krs gSa] mruk lqudj ;k cksydj ugha lh[k ikrsA
vr% lhúMhú fn[kkrs le; chp&chp esa fØ;k laca/h iz'u Hkh iwNs tk,¡xs_ tSlsµ
1- fØ;k fdls dgrs gSa\
2- vdeZd fØ;k dk ,d mnkgj.k nhft,A
3- Lo;a gks tkus okys dke crkvks vkfnA
l ^vkvks nksgjk,¡* osQ ekè;e ls ikB nksgjk;k tk,xk ,oa mlosQ eq[; fcanqvksa dks
iqu% le>k;k tk,xkA
l Nk=kksa dks ekxZn'kZu nsdj muls vH;kl&iz'uksa osQ mRrj fy[kok, tk,¡xsA
fu"d"kZ l Nk=k fØ;k rFkk mlosQ Hksnksa ls iwjh rjg ifjfpr gks ik,¡xsA
fujh{k.k l Nk=kksa n~okjk fd, x, izR;sd dk;Z ,oa xfrfof/ dk f'k{kd n~okjk fujh{k.k fd;k
tk,xkA
”kjk crkb, rks

l ftu 'kCnksa ls fdlh dk;Z (dke) osQ djus vFkok gksus dk cks/ gks] mUgsa fØ;k dgrs gSaA
l fØ;k osQ nks Hksn gksrs gSaµldeZd vkSj vdeZdA
l ftl fØ;k osQ lkFk deZ vko';d gksrk gS] mls ldeZd fØ;k dgrs gSa_ tSlsµcPps [kkuk
[kk jgs gSaA
l vdeZd fØ;k osQ nks mnkgj.kµ
1- xkSjo nkSM+ jgk gSA
2- vè;kfidk tk jgh gSaA
31
vkb,] vc fy[ksa
1- (d) f[kys ([k) gSa (x) vkbZ@xbZ (?k) nh
2- (d) nw/ ([k) eksecRrh (x) o`{k (?k) irax
3- (d) [ksy jgs gSaA ([k) yxs gSa (x) f[kyk jgh gSA (?k) cg jgh Fkh
(Ä) cukrk gS (p) ugk jgk gSA
4- (d) ldeZd fØ;k ([k) ldeZd fØ;k
(x) vdeZd fØ;k (?k) ldeZd fØ;k
(Ä) vdeZd fØ;k
”kjk lksfp, rks
djosQ nsf[k,
l Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA
32
dky Tense
11
ikB ;kstuk
f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk
fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------
mifo"k; % dky fnukad % ----------------------
mn~ns'; l dky osQ fo"k; esa le>kukA

l fØ;k osQ lkFk dky dk laca/ crkukA
l dky osQ Hksnksa ls ifjfpr djokukA
l le; osQ egRo dks le>kukA
l dky osQ Hksnksa osQ lgh iz;ksx ij cyA
lgk;d lkexzh l ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] pkVZ] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj vkfnA

iwoZKku ijh{kk l Nk=kksa dks dky laca/h tkudkjh gS ;k ughaµbldh tk¡p djukA
l ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk osQ varxZr ikjLifjd ppkZ osQ lkFk iz'uksa osQ mRrj
cqyokukA
l lgh mRrj ikus ij f'k{kd n~okjk vius mn~ns'; dh ?kks"k.kk djukA
f'k{k.k&laosQr l lcls igys d{kk esa ^dky* dk vFkZ iwNk tk,xkA
l rRi'pkr ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk Nk=kksa dks Lo;a djus osQ fy, dgk tk,xkA
l LraHk esa iwNs x, iz'uksa osQ mRrj Nk=kksa ls iwNs tk,¡xs ,oa lgh mRrj fy[kus osQ
fy, Hkh dgk tk,xkA
l fØ;k esa ^dky* dh D;k vko';drk gSµbls le>k;k tk,xkA
l iwjk ikB d{kk eas ”kksj&”kksj ls i<+dj lquk;k tk,xk rFkk dky osQ Hksn le>kus
osQ fy, Hksnksa dk pkVZ Nk=kksa dks fn[kk;k tk,xkA
33
l izR;sd Hksn dks mnkgj.k nsrs gq, le>k;k tk,xkA
l ikB dks lhúMhú osQ ekè;e ls Hkh le>k;k tk,xk rFkk chp&chp esa muls
NksVs&NksVs iz'u Hkh iwNs tk,¡xsA
l ^vkvks nksgjk,¡* n~okjk iwjk ikB ,d ckj fiQj ls le>k;k tk,xkA
fu"d"kZ l dky rFkk mlosQ Hksnksa ls Nk=k ifjfpr gksaxs rFkk mudk lgh iz;ksx dj ik,¡xsA
fujh{k.k l Nk=kksa n~okjk fd, x, dk;Z ,oa xfrfof/ dk fujh{k.k fd;k tk,xkA

”kjk crkb, rks
l dky osQ rhu Hksn gksrs gSaµHkwrdky] orZeku dky rFkk Hkfo";r~ dkyA
l HkwrdkyA
vkb,] vc fy[ksa
1- (d) orZeku dky ([k) Hkwrdky (x) Hkwrdky (?k) Hkfo";r~ dky
2- (d) fcYyh nw/ ih jgh gSA
([k) i{kh pgpgk,¡xsA
(x) e”knwjksa us dy nhokj cukbZA
(?k) jksgu us Vhúohú ns[kkA
(Ä) dy ou egksRlo gksxkA
3- (d) ü ([k) û (x) û (?k) ü
4- (d) xbZ ([k) tk,xk (x) fd;k (?k) jgh gSa
”kjk lksfp, rks
djosQ nsf[k,
l Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA
34
'kCn&HkaMkj Vocabulary
12
ikB ;kstuk
f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk
fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------
mifo"k; % 'kCn&HkaMkj fnukad % ----------------------
mn~ns'; l 'kCn&HkaMkj osQ varxZr i;kZ;okph 'kCn] foykse 'kCn] vusd 'kCnksa osQ fy, ,d
'kCn dk Kku djkukA
l Hkk"kk esa 'kCn&HkaMkj dk egRo ,oa mi;ksfxrk le>kukA
l izR;sd 'kCn (i;kZ;] foykse] vusd 'kCnksa osQ fy, ,d 'kCn) dk vyx ls
ifjp; nsukA
l rjg&rjg osQ mnkgj.k nsdj mUgsa le>kuk ,oa mu 'kCnksa dh igpku djkukA
l mfpr LFkku ij mfpr 'kCn dk iz;ksx fl[kkukA
lgk;d lkexzh l ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj 'kCn&lwph vkfnA
iwoZKku ijh{kk l lHkh Nk=k i;kZ;okph 'kCn] foykse 'kCn rFkk vusd 'kCnksa osQ fy, ,d 'kCnµls
iwoZ ifjfpr gksaxs] ;g tkuus osQ fy, ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk Nk=kksa dks Lo;a
djus osQ fy, dgk tk,xkA
l lHkh Nk=kksa dh larks"ktud izfrfØ;k ikdj f'k{kd n~okjk vius mn~ns'; dh ?kks"k.kk
dh tk,xhA
f'k{k.k&laosQr l lcls igys 'kCn&HkaMkj osQ varxZr vk, rhuksa izdkj osQ 'kCnksa dk laf{kIr ifjp;
fn;k tk,xkA
l rRi'pkr~ izR;sd 'kCn osQ fo"k; esa foLrkjiwoZd le>k;k tk,xkA
l lcls igys î;kZ;okph* 'kCnksa osQ fo"k; esa tkudkjh nsdj mudh mi;ksfxrk
le>kbZ tk,xhA
l Nk=k D;ksafd bu 'kCnksa ls iwoZ ifjfpr gSa] vr% ”;knk ls ”;knk mnkgj.kksa
dk iz;ksx fd;k tk,xkA
l Nk=kksa dks fo"k;&laca/h xfrfof/ djkbZ tk,xh] mUgsa 'kCn&lwph fn[kkdj u,&u,
'kCn ,oa mudk iz;ksx djuk fl[kk;k tk,xkA
35
l blh rjg foykse 'kCn rFkk vusd 'kCnksa osQ fy, ,d 'kCn Hkh le>k, tk,¡xs
rFkk muosQ lgh iz;ksx ij cy fn;k tk,xkA
l d{kk esa lhúMhú pykbZ tk,xhA chp&chp esa lhúMhú jksddj iz'u iwNs tk,¡xsA
l vH;kl&iz'u Nk=kksa dks ekxZn'kZu nsdj gy djok, tk,¡xsA
fu"d"kZ l Nk=k fofHkUu 'kCnksa osQ fo"k; esa tku ik,¡xs ,oa mudh igpku rFkk iz;ksx dh
lh[k ik,¡xsA
fujh{k.k l f'k{kd n~okjk Nk=kksa osQ dk;Z ,oa xfrfof/;ksa dk xgu fujh{k.k fd;k tk,xkA

i;kZ;okph 'kCn
”kjk crkb, rks
l i;kZ;okph 'kCn ,d&nwljs osQ leku ;k i;kZ; gksrs gSa] blfy, bUgsa lekukFkhZ 'kCn Hkh dgrs
gSaA
l leku vFkZ crkus okys 'kCnA
vkb,] vc fy[ksa
1- (d) es?k] ty/j] tyn ([k)[kx] iaNh] fogx
(x) iq"i] iwQy] oqQlqe (?k)us=k] u;u] ykspu
2- (d) fdrkc ([k) ekuo (x) lfyy
(?k) x`g] vky; (Ä) ukjh
3- (d) paæek (iv) 'kf'k
([k) csVk (v) lqr
(x) vkx (i) vuy
(?k) ckny (ii) ty/j
(Ä) leqæ (iii) tyf/
4- (d) fu'kk ([k) xq# (x) fxfj
(?k) uhj (Ä) uì
foykse 'kCn
”kjk crkb, rks
l ,d&nwljs dk foijhr vFkok myVk vFkZ crkus okys 'kCn foykse 'kCn dgykrs gSaA
l lsod µ Lokeh_ fo'kky µ y?kq
36
vkb,] vc fy[ksa
1- (d) dk;j ([k) ijkt; (x) Lora=k (?k) Kku] izdk'k
2- (d) nks"k ([k) vieku (x) vizlUu (?k) lsod
3- (d) lko/ku (i) vlko/ku
([k) izkphu (ii) uohu
(x) Mjiksd (iii) fuMj
(?k) 'kkafr (iv) v'kkafr
”kjk lksfp, rks
djosQ nsf[k,
l Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA
vusd 'kCnksa osQ fy, ,d 'kCn

”kjk crkb, rks
l e 'kCnksa esa ckr dgus ls Hkk"kk laf{kIr] pqLr] lqanj vkSj izHkko'kkyh gks tkrh gS vkSj ljyrk
d
ls le> esa vk tkrh gSA
l lgikBhA
vkb,] vc fy[ksa
1- (d) Lons'kh ([k) fp=kdkj (x) nSfud
(?k) 'kgjh (Ä) vkfLrd
2- (d) jktho okpky gSA ([k) veu fp=kdkj gSA
(x) nhfidk lR;oknh gSA (?k) ufer HkkX;oku gSA
3- (d) ekalkgkjh ([k) xzkeh.k (x) dof;=kh (?k) okpky
4- (d) lkIrkfgd ([k) 'kkdkgkjh (x) lgikBh (?k) okpky
”kjk lksfp, rks
djosQ nsf[k,
l Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA
37
fojke&fpg~u Punctuation
13
ikB ;kstuk
f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk
fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------
mifo"k; % fojke&fpg~u fnukad % ----------------------
mn~ns'; l fojke&fpg~uksa osQ fo"k; esa le>kukA

l Hkk"kk esa fojke&fpg~uksa dh igpku ,oa mi;ksfxrk crkukA
l mfpr LFkku ij mfpr fojke&fpg~u dk iz;ksx fl[kkukA
l ckrphr osQ nkSjku fojke&fpg~uksa dk mfpr iz;ksx fl[kkukA
l vH;kl&iz'uksa osQ n~okjk lgh fojke&fpg~uksa osQ iz;ksx ij cy nsukA
lgk;d lkexzh l ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj vkfnA
iwoZKku ijh{kk l Nk=k ^fojke&fpg~uksa* ls ifjfpr gSaµ;g tkuus osQ fy, ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* Nk=kksa
dks Lo;a djus osQ fy, dgk tk,xkA rRi'pkr~ f'k{kd n~okjk vius mn~ns'; dh
?kks"k.kk dh tk,xhA
f'k{k.k&laosQr l lcls igys Nk=k ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* xfrfof/ le>saxsA
l fiQj vkilh ppkZ osQ ekè;e ls ^fojke* dk vFkZ rFkk fojke fpg~uksa osQ fo"k;
esa le>k;k tk,xkA
l iqLrd esa cus fp=k rFkk muesa fy[ks vkilh laokn i<+us osQ fy, dgk tk,xk vkSj
muesa yxs fojke&fpg~uksa dh igpku djus osQ fy, dgk tk,xkA
l ';keiV ,oa vU; lk/uksa dh lgk;rk ls fojke&fpg~uksa dks le>k;k tk,xk rFkk
vyx&vyx rjg osQ fpg~uksa dh igpku djkbZ tk,xhA
l izR;sd fpg~u ls lacaf/r mnkgj.k Nk=kksa ls gh iwNs tk,¡xs rFkk lgh mRrj ij
mudk mRlkg c<+k;k tk,xkA
38
l d{kk esa lhúMhú pykbZ tk,xh] chp&chp esa lhúMhú jksddj iz'u iwNs tk,¡xsA
l ^vkvks nksgjk,¡* osQ n~okjk fojke&fpg~u laca/h egRoiw.kZ fcanqvksa ij iqu% ppkZ dh
tk,xhA
l vH;kl è;kuiwoZd vkilh ppkZ osQ i'pkr~ djus osQ fy, dgk tk,xkA
fu"d"kZ l fojke fpg~u ,oa mlosQ izdkj rFkk mudk lgh mi;ksx djuk lh[k ik,¡xsA
fujh{k.k l Nk=kksa osQ izR;sd dk;Z ,oa xfrfof/ dk fujh{k.k&ijh{k.k fd;k tk,xkA

”kjk crkb, rks
l iw.kZfojkeA
l vk'p;Z] 'kksd] g"kZ] ?k`.kk vkfn Hkkoksa dks izdV djus osQ fy, (!) fpg~u dk iz;ksx fd;k
tkrk gSA
vkb,] vc fy[ksa
1- foLe;kfncks/d fpg~u (!) vYifojke (]) iw.kZfojke (A) iz'uokpd (\)
2- xjeh osQ fnu FksA ,d ?kus taxy eas ,d ck?k lks jgk Fkk] rHkh ogk¡ ,d e/qeD[kh mM+rh
gqbZ vkbZ vkSj ck?k osQ Åij e¡Mjkus yxhA ck?k xqLls esa cksyk] ¶vjs! e/qeD[khA rw eq>s D;ksa
ijs'kku dj jgh gSA e/qeD[kh us dgk] eq>s idM+dj fn[kkvks rks tkuw¡A¸ ck?k dks cgqr xqLlk
vk x;kA og ”kksj&”kksj ls iats pykdj mls idM+us dh dksf'k'k djus yxk] ijarq eèkqeD[kh
mlosQ gkFk ugha vkbZA ck?k xqLls ls nk¡r ihlrk jg x;kA
3- (d) fN%! fdruh xanxh gSA
([k) jhek] vt; vkSj e;ad vk,A
(x) ehjk] ik;y vkSj fnO;k dc vk,\
(?k) rqe nsj D;ksa dj jgs gks\
(Ä) vkt ekSle cgqr lqgkouk gSA
4- (d) (iv) ([k) (iii) (x) (ii)
”kjk lksfp, rks

djosQ nsf[k,
l Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA
39
v'kqn~f/k&'kks/ku
Error Correction
14
ikB ;kstuk
f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk
fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------
mifo"k; % v'kqn~f/&'kks/u fnukad % ----------------------
mn~ns'; l 'kCnksa dh lgh orZuh rFkk Hkk"kk ,oa ckrphr osQ nkSjku gksus okyh v'kqn~f/;ksa osQ
fo"k; eas le>kukA
l Hkk"kk osQ 'kqn~/ iz;ksx ij cy nsukA
l orZuh laca/h rFkk mPpkj.k laca/h v'kqn~f/;ksa dh igpku djkukA
l 'kqn~/ okD; cukuk rFkk 'kqn~/ orZuh fy[kuk fl[kkukA
lgk;d lkexzh l ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj] dk;Z&if=kdk vkfnA
iwoZKku ijh{kk l orZuh laca/h rFkk mPpkj.k laca/h v'kqn~f/;ksa ls Nk=k iwoZ ifjfpr gSaµ;g tkuus
osQ i'pkr~ f'k{kd vius mn~ns'; dh ?ksk"k.kk djsaxsA
f'k{k.k&laosQr l lcls igys ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk djk;k tk,xkA
l vkilh ckrphr rFkk oqQN 'kCnksa dh v'kqn~f/;ksa dh vksj Nk=kksa dk è;ku vkÑ"V
fd;k tk,xkA
l Nk=kksa osQ mPpkj.k dh 'kqn~/rk ij è;ku fn;k tk,xkA
l orZuh rFkk okD; laaca/h oqQN lkekU; v'kqn~f/;ksa ls ifjfpr djk;k tk,xkA
l v'kqn~/ 'kCnksa dh lwph fn[kkdj mUgsa 'kqn~/ djus osQ fy, dgk tk,xkA
l izR;sd Nk=k dks ';keiV ij 'kCn dk 'kqn~/ :i fy[kus dks dgk tk,xkA
l blh rjg v'kqn~/ okD;ksa dks ekSf[kd :i esa 'kqn~/ djus osQ fy, dgk tk,xkA
l ^vkvks nksgjk,¡* osQ ekè;e ls ikB dks nksgjk;k tk,xk rkfd izR;sd Nk=k ikB dks
iwjh rjg le> losaQA
40
l vH;kl esa fn, x, iz'uksa dks Nk=kksa dh lgk;rk nsrs gq, gy djok;k tk,xkA
fu"d"kZ l Nk=k 'kCnksa dh 'kqn~/ orZuh rFkk 'kqn~/ okD; oSQls curs gSa] bl fo"k; esa tku
ik,¡xsA
l Hkk"kk dks Bhd <ax ls lh[kus osQ fy, mls 'kqn~/ :i ls cksyuk] i<+uk vkSj fy[kuk
lh[k ik,¡xsA
fujh{k.k l f'k{kd Nk=kksa osQ dk;ks± dh LrjkuqowQy tk¡p djsaxs ,oa =kqfV 'kks/u djsaxsA
”kjk crkb, rks

l v'kqn~/ mPpkj.k ls Hkk"kk esa v'kqn~f/;k¡ gksrh gSaA
l orZuh laca/h rFkk okD; laca/hA
vkb,] vc fy[ksa
1- (d) ijh{kk ([k) LokLF; (x) nhokj
(?k) fdj.k (Ä) dof;=kh (p) x`gdk;Z
2- (d) Jherh ([k) i<+kbZ (x) frfFk
(?k) nokb;k¡ (Ä) Kkuh
3- (d) eq>s pk; xje djosQ nksA
([k) ;g fdldh fdrkc gS\
(x) D;k vkius ikuh ih fy;k gS\
(?k) ?kj dh Nr ls ikuh Vid jgk gSA
(Ä) rqEgsa D;k [kkuk gS\
”kjk lksfp, rks
djosQ nsf[k,
l Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA
41
eqgkojs Idioms
15
ikB ;kstuk
f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk
fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------
mifo"k; % eqgkojs fnukad % ----------------------
mn~ns'; l eqgkojksa dk vFkZ ,oa Hkk"kk esa mudk iz;ksx fl[kkukA

l eqgkojsnkj Hkk"kk osQ lkSan;Z ls ifjfpr djkukA
l eqgkojksa dh igpku djkukA
l eqgkojsnkj Hkk"kk osQ O;kogkfjd iz;ksx ij cy nsukA
lgk;d lkexzh l ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj] ÝyS'k dkMZ~l vkfnA
iwoZKku ijh{kk l Nk=k eqgkojksa ls iwoZ ifjfpr gSaµblosQ fy, ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk n~okjk
Nk=kksa dh ijh{kk yh tk,xhA
l larks"ktud mRrj izkIr gksus ij f'k{kd vius mn~ns'; dh ?kks"k.kk djsaxsA
f'k{k.k&laosQr l lcls igys ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk esa nh xbZ jkspd xfrfof/ Nk=kksa ls Lo;a
djok,¡xsA
l vlqfo/k gksus ij mUgsa le>k,¡xs rFkk Lo;a djus osQ fy, izsfjr djsaxsA
l eqgkojksa dk iz;ksx djrs gq, okD; cukus osQ fy, Nk=kksa esa mRlkg txk,¡xsA
l 'kjhj osQ fofHkUu vaxksa ij vk/kfjr eqgkojksa dh lwph rS;kj djok,¡xs_ tSlsµisV
eas pwgs owQnuk] dku ij tw¡ rd u jsaxuk vkfnA
l ÝyS'k dkMZ~l fn[kkdj eqgkojksa dh igpku djokbZ tk,xhA
l iwjk ikB d{kk esa i<+k;k tk,xk rFkk dfBu 'kCnksa osQ vFkZ le>k, tk,¡xsA
l eqgkojsnkj ckrphr osQ fy, Nk=kksa dks vyx&vyx eqgkojs fn, tk,¡xs] ftudk
iz;ksx djrs gq, Nk=k vkil eas e”ksnkj ckrphr djsaxsA
42
l lk/kj.k okD; ,oa eqgkojsnkj okD; osQ varj dks le>k,¡xsA
l iqLrd esa fn, eqgkojksa ,oa muosQ okD; esa iz;ksx dh lwph Nk=kksa ls i<+okbZ tk,xhA
l ikB osQ eq[; fcanqvksa dks ^vkvks nksgjk,¡* osQ ekè;e ls nksgjk;k tk,xkA
l vH;kl osQ iz'u Nk=kksa dks lgk;rk nsrs gq, gy djok, tk,¡xsA
fu"d"kZ l eqgkojs fdls dgrs gSa rFkk Hkk"kk esa mudh mi;ksfxrk D;k gS\µNk=k ;g lh[k
ik,¡xsA
l fofHkUu rjg osQ eqgkojksa ls ifjfpr gks ik,¡xsA
l vius vPNs dk;ks± ls ifjokj] lekt rFkk ns'k dk lEeku c<+kuk lh[ksaxsA
fujh{k.k l Nk=kksa osQ izR;sd dk;Z ,oa xfrfof/ dk xgurk ls fujh{k.k djsaxsA
”kjk crkb, rks

l eqgkojs Hkk"kk dks lqanj vkSj izHkko'kkyh cukrs gSaA
l xM+cM+ djukA
vkb,] vc fy[ksa
1- (d) dke djrs&djrs vpkud esjh vk¡[k yx xbZA
([k) vius iQk;ns osQ fy, yksxksa dks mYyw cukuk vktdy vknr cu xbZ gSA
(x) Hkkjrh; efgyk fØosQV Vhe us fØosQV eSp esa fojks/h Vhe osQ NDosQ NqM+k fn,A
(?k) fpfM+;k?kj esa [kw¡[kkj 'ksj dks ns[kdj esjs rks gkFk&ik¡o iwQy x,A
2- (d) v¡xwBk fn[kkuk (iii) lkI+kQ euk dj nsuk
([k) nk¡r [kV~Vs djuk (v) gjk nsuk
(x) nk¡rksa rys m¡xyh nckuk (i) gSjku gksuk
(?k) vkxccwyk gksuk (ii) cgqr xqLlk vkuk
(Ä) pwfM+;k¡ iguuk (iv) dk;j cuuk
3- (i) v¡xwBk fn[kkuk (ii) pkj pk¡n yxuk
(iii) vk¡[k dk rkjk (iv) Hkhxh fcYyh cuuk
43
4- (d) vDy ij iRFkj iM+ ([k) mYyw cukus esa
(x) dku [kM+s gks (?k) va/s dh ykBh
(Ä) ukd esa ne dj
5- (d) isV esa pwgs owQnuk ([k) m¡xyh ij upkuk
(x) ukd dVokuk (?k) dku ij tw¡ u jsaxuk
(Ä) dej VwVuk (p) vk¡[k dk rkjk
vH;kl iz'u&i=kµ2
1- (d) fpYykukµehjk pksj dks ns[kdj fpYYkkus yxhA
([k) ns[kukµlM+d ikj djrs le; gesa vius nk,¡&ck,¡ ns[kuk pkfg,A
(x) mBukµfon~;ky; tkus osQ fy, eSa lqcg tYnh mBrh gw¡A
(?k) fxjukµcPpk nkSM+rs&nkSM+rs vpkud iRFkj ls Vdjkdj fxj x;kA
2- (d) lks jgh gSµvdeZd ([k) nkSM+ jgh gSµvdeZd
(x) i=k fy[krk gSµldeZd (?k) nw/ ih jgk gSµldeZd
3- (d) esys esa vusd yksx [kM+s FksA
([k) es”k ls lkjk lkeku fxj x;kA
(x) rqEgsa D;k [ksyuk ilan gS\
(?k) eq>s oqQN #i;s pkfg,A
4- (d) HkkbZ (ii) Hkzkrk
([k) lqcg (iv) losjk
(x) paæ (i) 'kf'k
(?k) ou (iii) fofiu
5- (d) dBksj ([k) nq[k (x) uhpk (?k) mtkyk
6- jkgqy osQ cxhps esa xqykc] paik] pesyh] dusj] twgh vkfn osQ ikS/s yxs gq, gSaA ,d fnu mlosQ
ikl jeu igq¡pk vkSj mlls cksyk] ¶D;k eSa vkiosQ cxhps ls FkksM+s iwQy ys ldrk gw¡\¸ jkgqy
us dgk] ¶iwQy rksM+us osQ fy, ugha] [k'kcw lw¡?kus vkSj mudh lqanjrk ns[kus osQ fy, gksrs gSaA¸
7- (d) v¡xwBk fn[kk ([k) vk¡[kksa dk rkjk (x) nk¡r [kV~Vs dj (?k) gkFk&ik¡o iwQyA
8- (d) 'kkdkgkjh ([k) vn`'; (x) fp=kdkj (?k) lR;oknh
44
vifBr xn~;ka'k
Unseen Passages
16
vkb,] vc fy[ksa
1- (d) x/k taxy esa ?kkl pj jgk FkkA
([k) taxy osQ fdukjs x/s osQ ekfyd dk ?kj FkkA
(x) vpkud gh ,d fnu x/s osQ lkeus ,d ck?k vkdj [kM+k gks x;kA
(?k) (i) ekyfdu (ii) ckf?ku
(?k) (i) gjh&gjh (ii) pkykd
2- (d) xk¡o osQ cPps i<+us osQ fy, nwljs xk¡o esa blfy, tkrs Fks] D;ksafd muosQ xk¡o esa dksbZ
vaxzs”kh LowQy ugha FkkA
([k) oYyHkHkkbZ [ksr dh esM+ ij yxs uqdhys iRFkj dks m[kkM+us osQ fy, ihNs jg x, FksA
(x) uqdhys iRFkj ls oYyHkHkkbZ osQ lkfFk;ksa dks dbZ ckj Bksdj yx pqdh Fkh] blfy,
mldh pksV ls cpus osQ fy, uqdhyk iRFkj gVk;kA
(?k) os nwljksa osQ ckjs esa lkspus okys] n;kyq vkSj ijksidkjh FksA
(Ä) (i) Vksyhµlewg (ii) esM+µfdukjk
3- (d) ,d ,slh txg] tgk¡ ,d lkFk cgqr lkjh iqLrosaQ j[kh tkrh gSa] iqLrdky; dgykrh gSA
([k) LowQy] dkWyst rFkk lkoZtfud LFkyksa ij iqLrdky; gksrs gSaA
(x) iqLrdky; esa iqLrdksa osQ vykok i=k&if=kdk,¡ rFkk v[kckj Hkh feyrs gSaA
(?k) iqLrdky; dk egRoA
(Ä) (i) ykbczsjh (ii) fon~;ky;A
4- (d) xksiky Ñ".k xks[kys lR;oknh FksA
([k) xksiky dk x`gdk;Z ns[kdj f'k{kd us xksiky dh lcosQ lkeus iz'kalk dhA
(x) xksiky us #¡/s gq, xys ls f'k{kd ls dgk] ¶xq# th] eSa bl iz'kalk dk vfèkdkjh ugha
gw¡A iz'u rks esjs cM+s HkkbZ us gy fd;k gSA blfy, 'kkck'kh eq>s ugha feyuh pkfg,A¸
45
(?k) f'k{kd us xksiky dks iqjLdkj esa iqLrd nhA mUgksaus iqLrd blfy, nh rkfd og iqLrd
mUgsa lnk lR; cksyus osQ fy, izsfjr djrh jgsA
(Ä) lR;oknh xks[kysA
(vU; mfpr 'kh"kZd Hkh Lohdk;Z gksaA)
uksVµNk=k i=k&ys[ku] vuqPNsn&ys[ku] fuca/&ys[ku] dgkuh&ys[ku rFkk fp=k&o.kZu ikBksa

ls lacaf/r iz'u viuh jpukRedrk osQ vuqlkj gy djsaxsA
Kku&ijh{kk
1- (d) o~ $ b $ n~ $ ;~ $ vk $ y~ $ v $ ;~ $ v
([k) j~ $ v $ l~ $ vks $ bZ $ ?k~ $ j~ $ v
2- O;fDrokpd laKk tkfrokpd laKk Hkkookpd laKk
uanu taxy nq"Vrk
iou tkuoj Hk;Hkhr
xhnM+ iQy lqanjrk
LoxZ lw¡M+
xtjkt gkFkh
canj
3- (d) esjs ([k) vius (x) vki (?k) esjk] og
4- (d) ü ([k) û (x) û (?k) ü (Ä) û
5- (d) nhfidk viuk dke le; ij djrh gSA
([k) firkth us ;'k ls dgk] ¶tYnh ls rS;kj gks tkvksA¸
(x) D;k vki ;g dke djus esa esjh enn djsaxs\
(?k) Hkkjr esa fganh] ejkBh] xqtjkrh] iatkch] rfey vkfn Hkk"kk,¡ cksyh tkrh gSaA
6- (d) uhps ([k) vehj (x) cqjk (?k) xyr
7- (d) rS;kj gksuk ([k) gjk nsuk (x) vklku dke (?k) f'kdk;r djuk
8- (d) gesa izkr% mBdj Hkxoku dks ;kn djuk pkfg,A
([k) vkleku esa pk¡n ped jgk gSA
46
(x) ekrk vius iq=k dks cqyk jgh gSA
(?k) o`{k ij iaNh pgpgk jgs gSaA
9- fo'ks"k.k fo'ks";
(d) yky xqykc
([k) oqQN yksx
10- (d) uhuk xkus dk vH;kl dj jgh gSAµorZeku dky
([k) eksgu pqiosQ ls ckgj Hkkx x;kAµHkwrdky
(x) fcYyh lkjk nw/ ih xbZAµHkwrdky
(?k) eSa FkksM+h nsj esa viuk dke [kRe dj yw¡xhAµHkfo";r~ dky
11- (d) gekjs ?kj esa ik¡p dejs gSaA
([k) phafV;k¡ vius o”ku ls ”;knk o”ku mBk ldrh gSaA
(x) lqanj yrk yVd jgh gSA
(Nk=kksa n~okjk cuk, x, mfpr okD; Hkh LohdkjsaA)
12- (d) lgikBh ([k) nSfud (x) 'kgjh (?k) Lons'kh
13- Nk=k Lo;a fy[ksaxsA
47
dk;Z if=kdkµ1
uke % -------------- d{kk % -------------- vè;kid@vè;kfidk % -------------- iw.kk±d
vuqozQekad % -------------- fnukad % -------------- vfHkHkkod % -------------- 20
1- Hkk"kk dh ifjHkk"kk fyf[k,A

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2- Hkk"kk osQ fdrus :i gksrs gSa\ uke fyf[k,A

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3- fyfi D;k gksrh gS\ mnkgj.k lfgr fyf[k,A

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4- O;kdj.k fdls dgrs gSa\

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48
5- mfpr 'kCnksa n~okjk fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ dhft,µ
(d) Hkkjr osQ lafo/ku esa oqQy -------------------------- Hkk"kk,¡ ekU; gSaA
([k) Hkk"kk osQ :i osQ vk/kj ij blosQ -------------------------- dkS'ky gSaA
(x) mnwZ Hkk"kk dh fyfi -------------------------- gSA
(?k) lekpkj&i=k Hkk"kk dk -------------------------- :i gSA
6- lgh dFku ij (ü) vkSj xyr ij (û) dk fpg~u yxkb,µ
(d) Hkk"kk dk 'kqn~/ :i fl[kkus okys 'kkL=k dks O;kdj.k dgrs gSaA
([k) iatkch Hkk"kk dh fyfi xq#eq[kh gSA
(x) VsyhI+kQksu ij ckr djuk fyf[kr Hkk"kk dk mnkgj.k gSA
(?k) Lisu dh Hkk"kk Lisfu'k gSA
7- lgh feyku dhft,µ
(d) fganh Hkk"kk dh fyfi i=k i<+uk
([k) fyf[kr Hkk"kk ckaxyk
(x) ckaxyk Hkk"kk dh fyfi teZu
(?k) teZuh dh Hkk"kk nsoukxjh
49
dk;Z if=kdkµ2
1- o.kZ fdls dgrs gSa\ ;s fdrus izdkj osQ gksrs gSa\

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2- o.kZekyk fdls dgrs gSa\

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3- la;qDr O;atu fdls dgrs gSa\ fganh o.kZekyk esa fdrus la;qDr O;atu gSa\
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4- fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ dhft,µ

(d) -------------------------- Lora=k èofu;k¡ gksrh gSaA
([k) O;atu osQ lkFk fy[krs le; Loj dks -------------------------- osQ :i esa iz;ksx djrs gSaA
(x) -------------------------- vkxr Loj gS] tks vaxzs”kh osQ izHkko ls fganh esa vk;k gSA
50
5- mfpr LFkku ij vuqLokj ;k vuqukfld yxkdj fyf[k,µ
-------------------------- --------------------------
(d) johæ ([k) lqnj
-------------------------- --------------------------
(x) nkr (?k) >klh
6- mfpr ek=kk yxkdj 'kCn nksckjk fyf[k,µ

(d) pfg;k -------------------------- --------------------------
([k) leg
--------------------------
(x) Hkky
7- j~ dk lgh iz;ksx djosQ 'kCn nksckjk fyf[k,µ

-------------------------- --------------------------
(d) Vd ([k) xo
-------------------------- --------------------------
(x) i'u (?k) lw;
51
dk;Z if=kdkµ3
1- 'kCn fdls dgrs gSa\

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2- okD; fdls dgrs gSa\

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3- o.kks± dks lgh Øe esa yxkdj lkFkZd 'kCn fyf[k,µ

(d) ykxe -------------------------- --------------------------
([k) ;kfgi
(x) i+Qftjk -------------------------- --------------------------
(?k) dyck
4- fn, x, okD;ksa esa mn~ns'; vkSj fo/s; Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,µ
mn~ns'; fo/s;
(d) Js;k cxhps esa ?kwe jgh gSA -------------------------- --------------------------
-------------------------- --------------------------
([k) ufyu eSnku esa [ksyus x;kA
-------------------------- --------------------------
(x) ve:n dPps gSaA
-------------------------- --------------------------
(?k) fiz;adk rkjs ns[k jgh gSA
52
5- lgh dFku ij (ü) vkSj xyr dFku ij (û) dk fpg~u yxkb,µ
(d) okD; osQ rhu vax gksrs gSaA
([k) o.kks± dks feykdj 'kCn curs gSaA
(x) okD; esa ftlosQ fo"k; esa oqQN dgk tkrk gS] og mn~ns'; dgykrk gSA
(?k) fganh o.kZekyk esa 33 Loj gSaA
6- 'kCnksa dks mfpr Øe esa fy[kdj lkFkZd okD; cukb,µ
(d) feydj xkuk jgs gSa xk lcA
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([k) iafMr usg: pkpk dks cPps dgrs Fks I;kj ls usg:A
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(x) lqanj cgqr ;g gS cxhpkA

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(?k) ljdl 'ksj esa djrc us fn[kk;kA

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53
dk;Z if=kdkµ4
1- laKk osQ fdrus Hksn gSa\ uke fyf[k,A

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2- tkfrokpd laKk fdls dgrs gSa\ mnkgj.k nsdj Li"V dhft,A

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3- fn, x, okD;ksa esa O;fDrokpd laKk 'kCn Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,µ

-------------------------------------------------
(d) esjh cgu dk uke l`f"V gSA
-------------------------------------------------
([k) mlus vius oqQRrs dk uke 'ks: j[kkA
-------------------------------------------------
(x) dy ge ykyfdyk ns[kus tk,¡xsA
4- uhps fy[ks okD;ksa esa laKk 'kCn Nk¡Vdj muosQ Hksn dk uke fyf[k,µ
(d) eq>s jktek cgqr ilan gSA
laKk µ --------------------------------- Hksn µ ---------------------------------
([k) eSa fp=kdkj gw¡A

laKk µ --------------------------------- Hksn µ ---------------------------------
54
(x) gesa f'k{kdksa dh vkKk dk ikyu djuk pkfg,A
laKk µ --------------------------------- Hksn µ ---------------------------------
5- fyax cnydj fyf[k,µ

-------------------------- --------------------------
(d) ekyh ([k) xk;
-------------------------- --------------------------
(x) ukSdj (?k) oj
6- opu cnydj fyf[k,µ
(d) dfork -------------------------- --------------------------

([k) f[kykSuk
(x) lgsfy;k¡ --------------------------
55
dk;Z if=kdkµ5
1- Hkkookpd laKk fdls dgrs gSa\ mnkgj.k lfgr fyf[k,A

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2- fyax dh ifjHkk"kk fyf[k,A mnkgj.k Hkh fyf[k,A

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3- opu fdrus izdkj osQ gSa\ uke fyf[k, rFkk mnkg.k Hkh nhft,A
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4- O;fDrokpd] tkfrokpd vkSj Hkkookpd laKk dk ,d&,d mnkgj.k fyf[k,µ

O;fDrokpd laKk tkfrokpd laKk Hkkookpd laKk
------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------
5- ,sls pkj 'kCn fyf[k, tks L=khfyax vkSj iqfYayx esa leku jgrs gSaA
--------------------------------- ---------------------------------
--------------------------------- ---------------------------------
56
6- dks"Bd esa fn, x, 'kCnksa osQ opu cnydj fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ dhft,µ
(d) iQyokyk ----------------------------- csp jgk gSA (iihrk)
([k) es”k ij ----------------------------- j[kh gSaA (iqLrd)
(x) fiatjs esa rhu ----------------------------- vk xb±A (pqfg;k)
7- js[kkafdr 'kCnksa osQ fyax cnydj okD; nqckjk fyf[k,µ
(d) ge ekeh th osQ lkFk f'keyk ?kweus x,A
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([k) usgk fpfM+;k?kj esa 'ksj ns[kdj Mj xbZA

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(x) HkkbZ us oqQ,¡ esa >k¡dkA

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(?k) jktk dh dgkuh eq>s vPNh yxhA

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57
dk;Z if=kdkµ6
1- loZuke fdls dgrs gSa\ mnkgj.k lfgr fyf[k,A

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2- loZuke osQ fdrus Hksn gSa\ lHkh osQ uke fyf[k,A

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3- fo'ks"k.k dh ifjHkk"kk fyf[k,A mnkgj.k Hkh fyf[k,A

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4- dky fdrus izdkj osQ gSa\ uke fyf[k,A

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5- uhps fn, Hksnksa osQ vuqlkj nks&nks fo'ks"k.k 'kCn fyf[k,µ

(d) xq.kokpd fo'ks"k.k ([k) la[;kokpd fo'ks"k.k
-------------------------- -------------------------- -------------------------- --------------------------
58
(x) ifjek.kokpd fo'ks"k.k (?k) lkoZukfed fo'ks"k.k
-------------------------- -------------------------- -------------------------- --------------------------
6- uhps fn, okD;ksa esa loZuke 'kCn Nk¡Vdj muosQ Hksn dk uke fyf[k,A
loZuke Hksn
----------------------------- -----------------------------
(d) ;gk¡ oqQN fxjk gqvk gSA
----------------------------- -----------------------------
([k) ge u`R; lh[kus tkrs gSaA
----------------------------- -----------------------------
(x) tks esgur djsxk] og liQy gksxkA
----------------------------- -----------------------------
(?k) jes'k dks ogk¡ Lo;a tkuk pkfg,A
----------------------------- -----------------------------
(Ä) ;gk¡ dkSu vk;k Fkk\
----------------------------- -----------------------------
(?k) ;g iqLrd fdldh gS\
59
dk;Z if=kdkµ7
1- fo'ks"k.k osQ fdrus Hksn gSa\ uke fyf[k,A

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2- fØ;k fdls dgrs gSa\

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3- fØ;k osQ Hksnksa osQ uke mnkgj.k lfgr fyf[k,A

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4- fo'ks"; fdls dgrs gSa\

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5- fuEufyf[kr osQ nks&nks mnkgj.k fyf[k,µ

-------------------------- --------------------------
(d) futokpd loZuke
([k) vfu'p;okpd loZuke -------------------------- --------------------------
-------------------------- --------------------------
(x) iz'uokpd loZuke
6- mfpr fo'ks"k.k 'kCnksa n~okjk fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ dhft,µ
(d) uhuk us -------------------------- yg¡xk iguk gSA
([k) jks”k -------------------------- iQy [kk,¡] MkWDVj ?kj esa dHkh u vk,A
60
(x) gekjs ?kj izfrfnu -------------------------- nw/ vkrk gSA
(?k) ;g iqLrd -------------------------- gSA
7- uhps ,d okD; fn;k x;k gSA okD; esa iz;qDr 'kCnksa dk lgh Hksn osQ lkFk feyku
dhft,µ
og izfrfnu nks jksVh [kkrk gSA
(d) og (i) laKk
([k) nks (ii) fØ;k
(x) jksVh (iii) loZuke
(?k) [kkrk gS (iv) fo'ks"k.k
8- mfpr fØ;k fy[kdj okD; iwjs dhft,µ

(d) cPps ckfj'k esa -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
([k) i'kq&if{k;ksa dks ijs'kku -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(x) vkdk'k esa i{kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
61
dk;Z if=kdkµ8
1- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa osQ nks&nks i;kZ;okph fyf[k,µ

------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------
(d) rkjk
------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------
([k) cy
------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------
(x) vkx
------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------
(?k) vkneh
2- js[kkafdr 'kCnksa osQ foykse 'kCn n~okjk fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ dhft,µ
(d) vliQyrk gh -------------------------- dh lh<+h gSA
([k) xk; 'kkdkgkjh tkuoj gS tcfd 'ksj -------------------------- gSA
(x) ;gk¡ l¡djs jkLrs dks -------------------------- djus dk dke py jgk gSA
(?k) gesa vkyL; R;kxdj lHkh dke -------------------------- ls djus pkfg,A
3- fuEufyf[kr okD;ka'kksa dks lgh 'kCn ls feykb,µ
(d) ftlosQ fny esa n;k gks (i) 'kkdkgkjh
([k) izfrfnu gksus okyk (ii) vfrfFk
(x) tks osQoy iQy&lCth [kkrk gks (iii) nSfud
(?k) ftlosQ vkus dh frfFk u gks (iv) n;kyq
62
4- fuEufyf[kr eqgkojksa osQ vFkZ fyf[k,µ
(d) ued&fepZ yxkuk ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
([k) dku Hkjuk
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(x) nky esa dkyk
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(?k) ukd esa ne djuk
5- js[kkafdr okD;ka'kksa osQ fy, ,d 'kCn fyf[k,µ
(d) esjs firk foKku dks tkuus okys gSaA

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([k) ge tc ?kweus x, rks] ns[kk fd ikoZQ esa fp=k cukus okyk cSBk gSA
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(x) bl lSfud dks fdlh dk Mj ugha gS] ;g 'k=kqvksa dks ekj fxjk,xkA
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(?k) rqe rks 'kgj esa jgus okys gks] rqEgsa xk¡o dh ijs'kkuh D;k irk\
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
63
dk;Z if=kdkµ9
1- ^vusd 'kCnksa osQ fy, ,d 'kCn* D;k gksrs gSa\

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2- eqgkojs D;k gksrs gSa\ mnkgj.k nsdj crkb,A

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3- i;kZ;okph 'kCn fdls dgrs gSa\ mnkgj.k lfgr fyf[k,A

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4- foykse 'kCn fyf[k,µ

-------------------------- --------------------------
(d) dksey ([k) lqxa/
-------------------------- --------------------------
(x) izlUu (?k) fon~oku
5- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa osQ fy, vusd 'kCn fyf[k,µ
(d) vkthou ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) mi;qZDr ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(x) [kafMr
64
6- i;kZ;okph 'kCnksa ls lgh tksM+s feykb,µ
(d) iwQy (i) lqeu
([k) rhj (ii) f'k{kd
(x) xq# (iii) foVi
(?k) o`{k (iv) fdukjk
7- eqgkojksa dk mi;qDr iz;ksx djosQ okD; cukb,A
(d) NDosQ NqM+kuk

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([k) isV esa pwgs nkSM+uk

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(x) nax jg tkuk

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65
dk;Z if=kdkµ10
1- uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa osQ 'kqn~/ :i fyf[k,µ
(d) ,sdrk & ---------------------- ([k) /ksdk & ----------------------
(x) lk/w & ---------------------- (?k) D;ksadh & ----------------------
(Ä) fder & ---------------------- (p) fizFk~oh & ----------------------
2- okD;ksa dks 'kqn~/ djosQ fyf[k,µ

------------------------------------------------------------------
(d) ,d pk; dk di ykvks
------------------------------------------------------------------
([k) eq>dks [kkuk [kkuk gSA
------------------------------------------------------------------
(x) jfo vkSj fj;k fon~;ky; xbZA
------------------------------------------------------------------
(?k) mlosQ firk th vk x;k gSA
3- fuEufyf[kr osQ fy, iz;ksx gksus okys fojke&fpg~u fyf[k,µ

--------------------------
(d) iw.kZfojke ([k) foLe;kfncks/d --------------------------
(x) iz'uokpd -------------------------- --------------------------

(?k) vYifojke
4- funsZ'kkuqlkj mfpr fojke&fpg~u yxkdj okD;ksa dks iqu% fyf[k,µ
(d) jkosQ'k ehuk vkSj lqfer ck”kkj x,A (vYifojke)

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66
([k) cki js fdruk v¡/sjk gSA (foLe;kfncks/d)
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(x) D;k rqe ck”kkj tk jgh gks (iz'uokpd)

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5- mfpr LFkku ij fojke&fpg~u yxkdj fuEufyf[kr okD; nqckjk fyf[k,µ

(d) gk; mls pksV yx xbZ
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([k) D;k vHkh rd rqEgkjk lkjk dke lekIr ugha gqvk

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(x) eq>s lsc ve:n vkSj osQyk cgqr vPNs yxrs gSa
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67
dk;Z if=kdkµmRrjkoyh
dk;Z if=kdkµ1
1- Hkk"kk og lk/u gS] ftlosQ n~okjk ge vius Hkkoksa ;k fopkjksa dks O;Dr djrs gSa vkSj nwljksa
osQ Hkkoksa ;k fopkjksa dks le>rs gSaA
2- Hkk"kk osQ nks :i gksrs gSa µ 1- ekSf[kd Hkk"kk 2- fyf[kr Hkk"kkA
3- Hkk"kk dks fy[kus osQ fy, o.kks± osQ fy, fu/kZfjr fpg~uksa dks gh fyfi dgrs gS_ tSlsµ fganh
Hkk"kk dh fyfi nsoukxjh gSA
4- Hkk"kk dk 'kqn~/ iz;ksx fl[kkus okys 'kkL=k dks O;kdj.k dgrs gSaA
5- (d) ckbZl ([k) pkj (x) i+Qkjlh (?k) fyf[kr
6- (d) ü ([k) ü (x) û (?k) ü
7- (d) fganh Hkk"kk dh fyfi nsoukxjh
([k) fyf[kr Hkk"kk i=k i<+uk
(x) ckaxyk Hkk"kk dh fyfi ckaxyk
(?k) teZuh dh Hkk"kk teZu
dk;Z if=kdkµ2
1- eq[k ls fudyh èofu;k¡] ftUgsa vkSj rksM+k u tk losQ] o.kZ dgykrh gSaA o.kZ nks izdkj osQ gksrs
gSaµLoj rFkk O;atuA
2- o.kks± osQ fuf'pr vkSj Øecn~/ lewg dks o.kZekyk dgrs gSaA
3- tks O;atu nks O;atuksa dks feykdj curs gSa] os la;qDr O;atu dgykrs gSaA fganh o.kZekyk esa
{k] =k] K] J pkj la;qDr O;atu gSaA
4- (d) Loj ([k) ek=kk (x) vkW
5- (d) johaæ ([k) lqanj (x) nk¡r (?k) >k¡lh
6- (d) pqfg;k ([k) lewg (x) Hkkyw
7- (d) Vªd ([k) xoZ (x) iz'u (?k) lw;Z
68
dk;Z if=kdkµ3
1- nks ;k nks ls vf/d o.kks± osQ lkFkZd esy dks 'kCn dgrs gSaA
2- 'kCnksa osQ lkFkZd esy dks okD; dgrs gSaA
3- (d) xeyk ([k) ifg;k (x) ftjki+Q (?k) ckyd
4- (d) mn~ns';µJs;k] fo/s;µcxhps esa ?kwe jgh gSA
([k) mn~ns';µufyu] fo/s;µeSnku esa [ksyus x;kA
(x) mn~ns';µve:n] fo/s;µdPps gSa
(?k) mn~ns';µfiz;adk] fo/s;µrkjs ns[k jgh gSA
5- (d) û ([k) ü (x) ü (?k) û
6- (d) lc feydj xkuk xk jgs gSaA
([k) iafMr usg: dks cPps I;kj ls pkpk usg: dgrs FksA
(x) ;g cxhpk cgqr lqanj gSA
(?k) ljdl esa 'ksj us djrc fn[kk;kA
dk;Z if=kdkµ4
1- laKk osQ rhu Hksn gSaµO;fDrokpd laKk] tkfrokpd laKk vkSj Hkkookpd laKkA
2- tks laKk 'kCn fdlh fo'ks"k O;fDr] oLrq ;k LFkku dk cks/ u djkdj mldh laiw.kZ tkfr dk
cks/ djkrs gSa] mUgsa tkfrokpd laKk dgrs gSa_ tSlsµvkneh] cPpk] iQy] ns'k vkfnA
3- (d) l`f"V ([k) 'ks: (x) ykyfdyk
4- (x) jktekµtkfrokpd ([k)fp=kdkjµtkfrokpd
(x) f'k{kdksaµtkfrokpd] vkKkµHkkookpd
5- (d) ekfyu ([k) cSy (x) ukSdjkuh (?k) o/w
6- (d) dfork,¡ ([k) f[kykSus (x) lgsyh
dk;Z if=kdkµ5
1- tks laKk 'kCn fdlh Hkko] xq.k] voLFkk vkfn dk cks/ djkrs gSa] mUgsa Hkkookpd laKk dgrs
gSaA mnkgj.kµ[kq'kh] nq[k] cpiu] lqanjrk vkfnA
2- 'kCn osQ ftl :i ls L=kh ;k iq#"k tkfr dk cks/ gksrk gS] mls fyax dgrs gSaA
mnkgj.kµekrkµ(L=khfyax)] firkµ(iqfYyax)A
69
3- fganh esa opu nks izdkj osQ gksrs gSaµ,dopu vkSj cgqopu_ tSlsµ^rksrk* ,dopu gS vkSj ^rksrs*
cgqopu gSA
4- O;fDrokpd laKkµHkkjr] tkfrokpd laKkµeksj] Hkkookpd laKkµvPNkbZA
5- MkWDVj] iz/kuea=kh] eSustj] jk"Vªifr
6- (d) iihrs ([k) iqLrosaQ (x) pqfg;k¡
7- (d) ge ekek th osQ lkFk f'keyk ?kweus x,A
([k) usgk fpfM+;k?kj esa 'ksjuh ns[kdj Mj xbZA
(x) cgu us oqQ,¡ esa >k¡dkA
(?k) jkuh dh dgkuh eq>s vPNh yxhA
dk;Z if=kdkµ6
1- laKk osQ LFkku ij iz;ksx fd, tkus okys 'kCnksa dks loZuke dgrs gSa_ tSlsµog] ge] rqe vkfnA
2- loZuke osQ Ng Hksn gSaµ
(d) iq#"kokpd ([k) fu'p;okpd (x) vfu'p;okpd (?k) iz'uokpd
(Ä) laca/okpd (p) futokpdA
3- laKk ;k loZuke dh fo'ks"krk crkus okys 'kCnksa dks fo'ks"k.k dgrs gSaA mnkgj.kµvPNk] u;k]
FkksM+k] ik¡p yhVj vkfnA
4- dky osQ rhu Hksn gSaµorZeku dky] Hkwrdky vkSj Hkfo";r~ dkyA
5- (d) vPNk] lqanj ([k) vkB] g”kkjok¡
(x) nks yhVj] ik¡p fdyks (?k) mldk] og
6- (d) oqQNµvfu'p;okpd loZuke ([k) geµiq#"kokpd loZuke
(x) tks] ogµlaca/okpd loZuke (?k) Lo;aµfutokpd loZuke
(Ä) dkSuµiz'uokpd loZuke (p) ;gµfu'p;okpd loZuke
dk;Z if=kdkµ7
1- fo'ks"k.k osQ pkj Hksn gSaµxq.kokpd] la[;kokpd] ifjek.kokpd] lkoZukfedA
2- ftl 'kCn ls fdlh dke osQ djus ;k gksus dk irk pys] mls fØ;k dgrs gSaA
3- (d) ldeZd fØ;kµiqQVckWy [ksyuk] iqLrd i<+uk] [kkuk [kkuk vkfnA
([k) vdeZd fØ;kµlks jgh gS] Hkkx jgk gS] ukpk vkfnA
70
4- fo'ks"k.k 'kCn ftudh fo'ks"krk crkrs gSa] mUgsa fo'ks"; dgrs gSaA
5- (d) vius&vki] Lo;a] [kqn ([k) oqQN] dksbZ
(x) dkSu] fdls
6- (d) lqanj ([k) ,d (x) nks yhVj (?k) eg¡xh
7- (d) og (iii) loZuke
([k) nks (iv) fo'ks"k.k
(x) jksVh (i) laKk
(?k) [kkrk gS (ii) fØ;k
8- (d) ugk jgs gSa ([k) ugha djuk pkfg,
(x) mM+ jgs gSa
dk;Z if=kdkµ8
1- (d) rkjd] u{k=k ([k) 'kfDr] rkdr (x) vfXu] ikod (?k) uj] euq";
2- (d) liQyrk ([k) ekalkgkjh (x) pkSM+k (?k) LiwQfrZ
3- (d) (iv) n;kyq ([k) (iii) nSfud (x) (i) 'kkdkgkjh (?k) (ii) vfrfFk
4- (d) ckr dks c<+k&p<+kdj dguk ([k) pqxyh djuk
(x) 'kd gksuk (?k) cgqr ijs'kku djuk
5- (d) oSKkfud ([k) fp=kdkj (x) fuMj (?k) 'kgjh
dk;Z if=kdkµ9
1- vusd 'kCnksa osQ LFkku ij iz;ksx fd, tkus okys ,d 'kCn dks vusd 'kCnksa osQ fy, ,d 'kCn
dgrs gSaA
2- tks okD;ka'k lkekU; vFkZ u nsdj] fo'ks"k vFkZ nsrs gSa] mUgsa eqgkojs dgrs gSaA mnkgj.kµ ^mYyw
cukuk* dk vFkZ gSµew[kZ cukukA
3- leku vFkZ crkus okys 'kCnksa dks i;kZ;okph 'kCn dgrs gSa_ tSlsµuHk] vacj] vkleku vkfnA
4- (d) dBksj ([k) nqx±/ (x) vizlUu (?k) ew[kZ
5- (d) thou Hkj jgus okyk ([k) tks mQij dgk x;k gks
(x) ftlosQ [kaM gks x, gks
71
6- (d) iwQy (iii) lqeu
([k) rhj (iv) fdukjk
(x) xq# (i) f'k{kd
(?k) o`{k (ii) foVi
7- (d) Hkkjrh; lsuk us ;qn~/ esa 'k=kqvksa osQ NDosQ NqM+k fn,A
([k) lqcg ls eSaus oqQN [kk;k ugha] vc isV esa pwgs nkSM+ jgs gSaA
(x) ljdl esa i'kqvksa osQ dkjukes ns[kdj eSa rks nax jg xbZA
dk;Z if=kdkµ10
1- (d) ,drk ([k) /ks[kk (x) lk/q (?k) D;ksafd

(Ä) dher (p) i`Foh
2- (d) ,d di pk; ykvksA ([k) eq>s [kkuk [kkuk gSA
(x) jfo vkSj fj;k fon~;ky; x,A (?k) mlosQ firk th vk x, gSaA
3- (d) iw.kZ fojkeµ(A) ([k) foLe;kfncks/dµ(!)
(x) iz'uokpdµ(\) (?k) vYifojkeµ(])
4- (d) jkosQ'k] ehuk vkSj lqfer ck”kkj x,A
([k) cki js! fdruk v¡/sjk gSA
(x) D;k rqe ck”kkj tk jgh gks\
5- (d) gk;! mls pksV yx xbZA
([k) D;k vHkh rd rqEgkjk lkjk dke lekIr ugha gqvk\
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72

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Revised edition 2018

Published by: New Saraswati House (India) Pvt. Ltd.

The moral rights of the author has been asserted.

© Reserved with the Publishers

Product Code: NSS2MMV046HINAC17CBY

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