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Application of Derivatives – 3
Class XII | Sheet #10 | ISC/CBSE

Name: ________________________________________________ _____________ Date: _________________

Q.1. Prove that the function 3x + 17 is strictly increasing on R. [NCERT]

Q.2. Prove that the function f (x) = x3 – 6x2 + 15x – 18 is strictly increasing on R.
Q.3. Prove that the function f (x) = x3 – 3x2 + 3x is increasing on R.
Q.4. For what value of k, the function f (x) = kx3 + 5 is decreasing?
Q.5. The interval in which the function f (x) = 5 + 36x – 3x2 increases will be
(a) ( – , 6) (b) (6, ) (c) (– 6, 6) (d) (0, 6) [ISC 2023]

Q.6. Find the intervals in which the following functions are strictly increasing or strictly decreasing:

(i) f (x) = 10 – 6x – x2 [NCERT] (ii) f (x) = x2 – 4x + 6 [NCERT]

(iii) f (x) = 2x3 – 3x2 – 36x + 7 [NCERT] (iv) f (x) = x3 – 48x [ISC Specimen 2024]
(v) f (x) = x3 – 12x2 + 36x + 17 (vi) f (x) = 20 – 9x + 6x2 – x3

(vii) f (x) = 3x4 – 4x3 – 12x2 + 5 (viii) f (x) = x4 – x3 – 3x2 + x + 11 [NCERT]

Q.7. Find the stationary points of the function f (x) = 3x4 – 8x3 + 6x2 and distinguish between them. Also find
the local maximum and local minimum values, if they exist.
Q.8. For the function f (x) = x5 – 5x4 + 5x3 – 1, find the points of local maxima, local minima and the points of
inflexion. Also find the corresponding local maximum and local minimum values.
Q.9. The function x4 – 62x2 + ax + 9 attains a local maximum at x = 1. Find the value of a. [NCERT]
Q.10. For what values of a and b, the function f (x) = x3 + ax2 + bx – 3 has local maximum value at x = 0 and
local minimum value at x = 1?
Q.11. Find two positive numbers whose sum is 60 and the product of the square of one number and the other
number is maximum.
Q.12. The sum of three positive numbers is 26. The second number is thrice as large as the first. If the sum of
the squares of these numbers is least, find the numbers. [ISC 2000]
Q.13. Three numbers are given whose sum is 180 and the ratio of the first two of them is 1 : 2. If the product of
the numbers is greatest, find the numbers. [ISC 2003]
Q.14. A printed page is to have a total area of 80 sq. cm with a margin of 1 cm at the top and on each side and a
margin 1.5 cm at the bottom. What should be the dimensions of the page so that the printed area will be
maximum? [ISC 2012]

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Application of Derivatives – 3 | VC-XII/10/2024 Page 1
 VAIBHAV CLASSES
5/5 Lohiya Marg (Colvin Road), Civil Lines, Prayagraj – 211001 | Contact: (+91) 9140-126-101, 9140-176-950

Q.15. Let AB and CD be two vertical poles at the points B and D. If AB is 16 m, CD is 22 m and BD is 20 m,
then find the distance of a point P on BD from the point B such that AP2 + CP2 is minimum. [NCERT]
Q.16. A right angled triangle with constant area S is given. Prove that the hypotenuse of the triangle is least
when the triangle is isosceles. [ISC 2005]
Q.17. If the sum of the lengths of the hypotenuse and a side of a right-angled triangle is given, show that the
area of the triangle is maximum when the angle between them is . [ISC 2011]

Q.18. ABC is a right-angled triangle of given area k. Find the sides of the triangle for which the area of the
circumscribed circle is least. [ISC 2001]
Q.19. An open box with a square base is to be made out of a given quantity of cardboard of area c2. Show that
the maximum volume of the box is . [ISC 2002, 2008]
√
[Hint: Surface Area of the box = c2.]
Q.21. A metal box with a square base and vertical sides is to contain 1024 cm3. The material for the top and
bottom costs ` 5 per cm2 and the material for the sides costs ` 2.50 per cm2. Find the least cost of the box.
Q.22. A closed rectangular box is made of aluminium sheet of negligible thickness and the length of the box is
twice its breadth. If the capacity of the box is 243 cm3, compute the dimensions of the box of least surface area.

Q.23. A closed cylinder has volume cubic units. Find the radius and the height of the cylinder so that the
total surface area is minimum. [ISC 2010]
Q.24. Show that the semi-vertical angle of a cone of maximum volume and given slant height is tan–1 √ .
[ISC 2007]
Q.25. Show that the semi-vertical angle of the right circular cone of given total surface area and maximum
volume is sin–1 .

Q.26. A window has the shape of a rectangle surmounted by an equilateral triangle. If the perimeter of the
window is 12 m, find the dimensions of the rectangle so that it may produce the largest area of the window.
Q.27. A window is in the form of a rectangle surmounted by a semicircle. If the perimeter of the window is 30
m, find the dimensions of the window so that the maximum possible light is admitted.
Q.28. A rectangle is inscribed in a semi-circle of radius r with one of its sides on the diameter of semi-circle.
Find the dimensions of the rectangle so that its area is maximum. Also find the maximum area. [ISC 2016]
Q.29. A wire of length 20 m is available to fence off a flower bed in the form of a sector of a circle. What must
be the radius of the circle, if we wish to have a flower bed with the greatest possible area? [ISC 2009]
Q.30. A window is in the form of a rectangle surmounted by a semicircle. The total area of the window is fixed.
What should be the ratio of the areas of the semicircular part and the rectangular part so that the total perimeter
is minimum?

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 VAIBHAV CLASSES
5/5 Lohiya Marg (Colvin Road), Civil Lines, Prayagraj – 211001 | Contact: (+91) 9140-126-101, 9140-176-950

Q.31. A wire of length 50 m is to be cut into two pieces. One piece is bent in the shape of a square and the other
in the shape of a circle. What should be the lengths of each piece so that the combined area of the two is
minimum? [ISC 2014]

Questions for review:

Q.32. Find the greatest profit that a company can make if the profit function is given by p(x) = 41 + 72x – 18x2.
[NCERT]
Q.33. A rectangular sheet of tin 45 cm by 24 cm is to be made into a box without top by cutting off squares
from the corners and folding up the flaps. What should be the side of the square in order that the volume of the
box is maximum? [NCERT]
Q.34. A closed right circular cylinder has a volume of 2156 cm3. What will be the radius of its base so that its
total surface area is minimum? Also, find the height of the cylinder when its total surface area is minimum.
[ISC 2004]
Q.35. Find the maximum volume of the cylinder which can be inscribed in a sphere of radius 3√ cm. Leave
the answer in terms of π. [ISC 2013]
Q.36. Show that the rectangle of maximum perimeter which can be inscribed in a circle of radius 10 cm is a
square of side 10√ cm. [ISC 2015]
Q.37. A cone is inscribed in a sphere of radius 12 cm. If the volume of the cone is maximum, find its height.
[ISC 2018]
Q.38. Find the point on the straight line 2x + 3y = 6, which is closest to the origin. [ISC 2019]
Q.39. Find the volume of the largest cone that can be inscribed in a sphere of radius R. [ISC 2006]
Q.40. Show that the surface area of a closed cuboid with square base and given volume, is minimum when it is
a cube. [ISC 2017]
Q.41. The volume of a closed rectangular metal box with a square base is 4096 cm3. The cost of polishing the
outer surface of the box is Rs. 4/cm2. Find the dimensions of the box for minimum cost of polishing it.
[ISC 2019]
Q.42. Show that the radius of a closed right circular cylinder of given surface area and maximum volume is
equal to half of its height. [ISC 2020]
Q.43. Prove that the area of a right-angled triangle of given hypotenuse is maximum when the triangle is
isosceles. [ISC 2020]
Q.44. Prove that the semi-vertical angle of the right circular cone of given volume and least curved surface area
is cot –1 √ . [ISC 2023]
Q.45. A running track of 440 m is to be laid out enclosing a football field. The football field is in the shape of a
rectangle with a semi-circle at each end. If the area of the rectangular portion is to be maximum, then find the
length of its sides. Also, calculate the area of the football field. [ISC 2023]
Mathematics by SHUBHAM SINGH VAIBHAV CLASSES
Application of Derivatives – 3 | VC-XII/10/2024 Page 3
 VAIBHAV CLASSES
5/5 Lohiya Marg (Colvin Road), Civil Lines, Prayagraj – 211001 | Contact: (+91) 9140-126-101, 9140-176-950

Q.46. Show that the height of the right circular cylinder of greatest volume which can be inscribed in a right
circular cone of height h and radius r is one-third of the height of the cone, and the greatest volume of the
cylinder is times the volume of the cone. [CBSE 2020]
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Answers
4. k < 0 5. (a)
Q.6. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
Strictly Increasing ( – , – 3) (2 , ) ( – , –2) (3, ) ( – , – 4) (4, )
Strictly Decreasing (– 3 , ) ( – 2) ( –2, 3) (– 4, 4)
Q.6. (v) (vi) (vii) (viii)
Strictly Increasing ( – , 2) (6, ) (1, 3) (–1, 0) (2, ) ( – 2, 1) (3, )
Strictly Decreasing (2, 6) ( – , 1) (3, ) ( – , –1) (0, 2) ( – , – 2) (1, 3)

7. Point of Maxima: x = 1, Max. Value = 0; Point of Minima: x = 3, Min. Value = – 28, Point of Inflexion: x = 0
8.

9. a = 120 10. a = ,b=0 11. 40, 20 12. 4, 12, 10 13. 40, 80, 60

14. 8 cm 10 cm 15. PB = 10 m 18. √ ,√ , 2√ 21. x = 8, ` 1920 22. cm, 9 cm, 6 cm

√ √
23. r = 3.5 units, h = 7 units 26. l = m, b = m

27. Radius = m, Dimension of Rectangle: m m 28. √ r , Maximum area = r2

√

29. 5 m 30. π : 4 31. 22 m, 28 m 32. 113 units 33. 5 cm

34. 7 cm, 14 cm 35. 108 π cm3 37. 16 cm 38. ( ) 39. ( )

41. l = b =h = 16 cm 45.

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