YEAR 11 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY ASSIGNMENT 1 ANSWERS

REYNELLA EAST COLLEGE

1. Carbon compounds are so numerous that they form a whole branch of chemistry called Organic Chemistry.
Suggest one reason for this exceptional abundance of carbon compounds.

Carbon is able to bond to itself in chains, branched chains, rings and

branched rings.
2. State four characteristics of a Homologous Series.

Same general formula.

Each member differs from the one immediately preceding it by CH2.
Each member has similar chemical properties.
Physical properties differ as the length of the carbon chain increases.
A change in physical state at room temperature occurs:
(Solid  Liquid Gas)
Melting and boiling temperatures gradually increase.
Solubility in water decreases.
Solubility in organic solvents decreases.
3. Write down two similarities that apply to members of any given homologous series.

Same general formula.

Each member has similar chemical properties.
4. Write down two differences that apply to members of any given homologous series.

A change in physical state at room temperature occurs:

(Solid  Liquid  Gas)
Melting and boiling temperatures gradually increase.
Solubility in water decreases.
Solubility in organic solvents decreases.
5. What is a hydrocarbon?

An organic compound composed of hydrogen and carbon atoms only.

6. What is a Saturated Hydrocarbon?

An organic compound in which all the carbon atoms have their maximum
hydrogen atoms attached.
7. Draw each of the following organic compounds.
1 2

CH3 CH2 CH CH2 CH3 CH3

CH3 CH3 C CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3

CH3

3 4

CH3 CH3 CH3

CH3 C CH2 CH3 CH3 CH2 C C CH2 CH3

CH3 CH3 CH3

5 6

CH3 CH CH2 CH2 CH CH2 CH2 CH3 CH3 CH CH CH CH2 CH3

CH3 CH3
CH3 CH3 CH3

7 8

CH3 CH3 CH2 CH CH CH2 CH2 CH3

CH3 C CH CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3 CH3 CH3

CH3 CH3

9 10

CH3 CH3 CH2 CH3

CH3 C CH CH2 CH CH3 CH3 CH2 CH CH2 CH CH2 CH3

CH3 CH3 CH3

11 12

CH2 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH2 CH3

CH3 CH2 CH2 CH CH2 C CH3 CH3 CH CH CH CH CH2 CH2 CH3

CH3
 8. Give the correct systematic name and structural formula for each of the following:

1 2-methylbutane 2 4-methylheptane

3 3-methylhexane 4 3,3-dimethylheptane

5 2,2-dimethylbutane 6

9. (i) Draw and name all the possible structural formulae with the molecular formula C 6H14.

1 hexane 2 2-methylpentane
CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 CH3 CH2 CH2 CH CH3

CH3

3 3-methylpentane 4 2,2-dimethylbutane
CH3 CH2 CH CH2 CH3 CH 3

CH3
CH 3 CH 2 C CH 3

CH 3

5 2,3-dimethybutane 6

CH 3 CH CH CH 3

CH 3 CH 3

(ii) What term is used to describe all these organic compounds?

Structural isomers
10. (i) Determine the molecular formula of the following organic compound.

C12H26
(ii) Explain why this organic compound is saturated.

In this organic compound all the carbon atoms have their maximum
hydrogen atoms attached.

3
 11. Name the following organic compounds systematically:

1 2-methylpentane 2 2-methylheptane
H H H H H H H H H H H H
H C C C C C H H C C C C C C C H
H H H H H H H H H H
H C H H C H
H H

3 2,3-dimethylpentane 4 2,2,4-trimethylheptane
H H H H H H
H C C C C C H H C H
H H H H H H H H H
H C HH C H H C C C C C C C H
H H H H H H H
H C H H C H
H H

5 3,4,5-trimethylheptane 6 2,3-dimethyloctane
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
H C C C C C C C H H C C C C C C C C H
H H H H H H H H H H
H C HH C HH C H H C HH C H
H H H H H

7 2,3,7-trimethyloctane 8 4-ethyl-2,5-dimethyloctane
CH 3 CH CH CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH CH 3 CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH CH CH 2 CH CH 3

CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 2 CH 3 CH 3

9 5-ethyl-3-methyloctane 10 4-ethyl-2,3,7-trimethylnonane
H
CH 3 CH CH 2 CH CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 CH 3 CH CH CH CH 2 CH 2 CH CH 3

CH 2 CH 3 CH 2 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 2 CH 3 CH 2 CH 3

3,6-dimethyloctane 2,3,4,5-tetramethylhexane
H
11 12
C H
H CH 3 CH CH 2 CH 2 CH CH 3 CH 3 CH CH CH CH CH 3
H

CH 2 CH 3 CH 2 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3

13 2,4,7-trimethyloctane 14 3-ethyl-6-methyloctane
CH 3 CH CH 2 CH CH 2 CH 2 CH CH 3 CH 3 CH 2 CH CH 2 CH 2 CH CH 3
H
C H
CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 2 CH 3 CH 2 CH 3
H
H
12. A hydrocarbon has FOUR carbon atoms. What will be its molecular formula if it is an

(i) Alkane? C4H10 (ii) Alkene? C4H8 (iii) Alkyne? C4H6

13. C15H32 is the molecular formula for pentadecane. Name the following:

(i) C15H30 Pentadecene (ii) C15H28 Pentadecyne

(iii) —C15H31 Pentadecyl group