Summer Learning Tasks

Student Name: Muhammad Ahmed

Class: 8D
Student ID:12811
Task 1
Task2

A MEGA COMPARISON: LON vs UNO

The League of Nations and the United Nations are both intergovernmental
organizations that were created to promote international cooperation and peace.
However, there are some key differences between the two organizations.

Goals

The League of Nations was founded in 1919, after World War I, with the goal of
preventing future wars. The League's Covenant, which was its founding document,
established four main objectives: to maintain international peace and security; to
develop friendly relations among nations; to cooperate in solving international
economic, social, and humanitarian problems; and to promote respect for international
law.

The United Nations was founded in 1945, after World War II, with the same goal of
preventing future wars. However, the UN's charter also includes a broader range of
goals, such as promoting human rights, social progress, and better living standards.

Structure

The League of Nations was structured around a General Assembly, a Council, and a
Secretariat. The General Assembly was the main decision-making body of the League,
and it was composed of representatives from all member states. The Council was a
smaller body that was responsible for making decisions on matters of peace and
security. The Secretariat was responsible for carrying out the League's day-to-day
operations.

The United Nations is also structured around a General Assembly, a Security Council,
and a Secretariat. However, the UN's structure is more complex than the League of
Nations' structure. The Security Council is the most powerful body in the UN, and it has
the authority to take military action to enforce its decisions. The General Assembly has
more members than the League of Nations' General Assembly, and it has a wider range
of powers. The Secretariat is also larger than the League of Nations' Secretariat, and it
has a broader range of responsibilities.

Effectiveness
The League of Nations was not very effective in preventing wars. The League was unable
to prevent the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931, the Italian invasion of Ethiopia in
1935, or the German invasion of Poland in 1939. The League of Nations also failed to
address the rise of fascism and Nazism in Europe.

The United Nations has been more effective in preventing wars than the League of
Nations. The UN has played a key role in resolving several major conflicts, such as the
Korean War, the Vietnam War, and the Gulf War. The UN has also been successful in
promoting human rights and social progress.

However, the UN has also been criticized for its inaction in some cases, such as the
Rwandan genocide in 1994 and the Syrian civil war. The UN has also been accused of
being too bureaucratic and ineffective.

Despite its flaws, the United Nations is still the most important international
organization in the world. The UN has the potential to play a major role in preventing
future wars and promoting peace and security.

Task 3

Key Battle sites and campaigns during World War 2

map of key battle sites and campaigns during World War II

The map shows the major theaters of war during World War II, with key battle sites and
campaigns marked. The following are some of the most important battles and
campaigns:
  Battle of the Atlantic: This was a long-running naval campaign between the
Allies and the Axis powers, fought primarily in the Atlantic Ocean. The Allies
sought to protect their shipping lanes from German U-boats, while the Germans
sought to disrupt Allied supply lines.

Battle of the Atlantic map

 Battle of Britain: This was a major air campaign fought over Great Britain in
1940. The German Luftwaffe sought to destroy the Royal Air Force (RAF) and pave
the way for an invasion of Britain, but the RAF was able to withstand the attack
and defeat the Luftwaffe.
Battle of Britain map

 Battle of Stalingrad: This was a long and bloody battle fought in the city of
Stalingrad, Russia, in 1942-1943. The Germans sought to capture Stalingrad, but
the Soviet Red Army was able to hold out and eventually defeat the Germans.

Battle of Stalingrad map

 Battle of the Bulge: This was a major German offensive in the Ardennes region
of Belgium in December 1944-January 1945. The Germans hoped to split the
Allied forces in two, but the Allies were able to repel the attack.
Battle of the Bulge map

 Battle of Normandy: This was the Allied invasion of France in June 1944. The
Allies landed on five beaches in Normandy and quickly broke through the
German defenses. The Battle of Normandy was a major turning point in the war.

Battle of Normandy map

 Battle of Midway: This was a major naval battle fought in the central Pacific in
June 1942. The Japanese sought to destroy the US Pacific Fleet, but the US was
able to defeat the Japanese and win a decisive victory.
Battle of Midway map

 Battle of Iwo Jima: This was a major battle fought on the Japanese island of Iwo
Jima in February-March 1945. The Americans sought to capture Iwo Jima in order
to build an airfield, but the Japanese put up a fierce resistance. The Battle of Iwo
Jima was one of the bloodiest battles of the war.

Battle of Iwo Jima map

 Battle of Okinawa: This was a major battle fought on the Japanese island of
Okinawa in April-June 1945. The Americans sought to capture Okinawa in order
to prepare for an invasion of the Japanese mainland, but the Japanese put up a
fierce resistance. The Battle of Okinawa was one of the bloodiest battles of the
war.
Battle of Okinawa map

This is just a small sample of the many battles that were fought during World War II. The
war was fought on a global scale, and the battles were fought in Europe, Asia, Africa,
and the Pacific. The battles were costly in terms of both human life and material
resources. However, the Allied victory in World War II was a major turning point in
history, and it helped to shape the world as we know it today.

Task 4

ANALYSIS on Iqbal’s poetry.

 Iqbal's poetry emphasized the importance of individual freedom and national
independence.

 To survive as an independent and sovereign country, we must continue to uphold

these values by prioritizing efforts to strengthen our economy, promote
education, ensure equal rights for all citizens, and maintain strong diplomatic
relationships with other nations.

 It is only through such measures that we can preserve our freedom and
independence in an ever-changing global landscape.

 This includes promoting democracy, protecting basic human rights, and

embracing diversity.

 We must also prioritize education and technological advancements, as they are

vital for economic growth and global competitiveness.

 Eventually, we must work towards peace and cooperation with our neighbors and
the international community to ensure a stable future for ourselves and
generations to come.