‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
‫א‬

5
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

  ‫א‬ ‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬

 ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬
 K‫א‬  
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 -W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ •

.‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ •

.‫א‬ •

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

.‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 K% 80‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 15W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫ א‬  ‫ א‬
‫א‬ / ‫א‬ •  ‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬‫א‬ •  ‫א‬‫א‬ •

DIN 1913 E51 22 RR 6, Φ = 3.25 mm  •  EF  •

ST 37 6 x 100 x 200 mm  •  EF  •

ST 37 6 x 100 x 200 mm  •   •

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 .‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

‫א‬ J‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 W
‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 W‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 .‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬ J1
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫?א‬‫א‬
 K
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J2
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J4
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J5
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J6
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J7
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J1
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
3  K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J3
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J4
 K‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J5
 K
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J6
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J7
 K‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J8
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ J9
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J10
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J11
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J13
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J14
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J15
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J16
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J17
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J18
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ J19
 K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L1000‫א‬ J20
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬! ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J21
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J22
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬ J1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K150
E1-5FK ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬E1-5F
  O2  ‫א‬‫א‬
  J–‫א‬  ‫א‬
 40  ‫א‬
 150  ‫א‬‫א‬
 6000  ‫א‬‫א‬
 1600  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 200  ‫א‬‫א‬
  8.75  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  O2  ‫א‬‫א‬

 
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J2
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
Ca C 2 + 2 H 2 O → C 2 H 2 ↑ + Ca (OH) 2
 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬WCaC2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 KE‫א‬
 ‫א‬W C2H2
 ‫א‬WCa (OH) 2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
20-15‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
E‫א‬25‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
1000‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L
‫א‬‫א‬FKK
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 KE22‫א‬ J‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬E2-5F
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬E2-5F
C2H2  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ J  ‫א‬
 40  ‫א‬
 15  ‫א‬‫א‬
 6000  G‫א‬‫א‬
 1500  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 200  ‫א‬‫א‬
 16  ‫א‬
  8.75  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 6000 = 16 x 25 x 15 bar ‫א‬‫א‬ G

 ‫א‬‫א‬ J3
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬KE2-5FE1-5F
 W
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ J1
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ J2
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J4
 K
‫א‬‫א‬FK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J5
 KE4‫א‬-‫א‬‫א‬ J‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ J6
 K،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J7
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

   
 ‫א‬‫א‬E2-5F  ‫א‬‫א‬E1-5F

 ‫א‬‫א‬ J4
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬15‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K150‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬(Right-hand threads) 
(Left- hand threads) 
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬E3-5F‫א‬ .
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬W
‫א‬E3-5F،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 WE‫א‬F‫א‬
 
 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E3-5F
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
kPaG PSIG
 70 J35  10 J5  ‫א‬
 35 J20  5 J3  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 
 (Acetylene)‫א‬(Oxygen)‫א‬E3-5F

 ‫א‬
 W‫א‬
‫א‬FK ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(Snifting) ‫א‬ J1
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (E4-5F
K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ،  
 ‫א‬‫( א‬Gasket) ‫א‬‫א‬ J2
.
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J3
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J4
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J5
E3-5F‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
(Flashback arrestors)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J6
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E5-5F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4-5FK
 

 
 (flashback arrestors)‫א‬‫א‬E5-5F

 ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J1
‫א‬‫א‬ J2
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J3
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J4
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬ J5
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K  ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬ J6
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬F‫א‬ J
 WE6-5F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬F‫א‬E3F،E‫א‬F‫א‬E2F،‫א‬E1F
E4F،E
E6F‫א‬EF،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E7F،‫א‬E5F،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬E6-5F
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 E‫א‬F‫א‬ J
‫א‬E7-5F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K 30mm – 0.5mm‫א‬

 
 K 30mm – 0.5mm‫א‬‫א‬E7-5F
 WE8-5F‫א‬
E5F،‫א‬E4F،E3F،‫א‬E2F،‫א‬‫א‬ E1F
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬E8-5F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EE9-5F‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬:9–6
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ : 2.5 at
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬
1:1‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ : 950l
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ : 5

 
 ‫א‬E9-5F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J7
 E‫א‬F ‫א‬ J
KE ‫א‬F‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ K 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬FK‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬450
‫א‬‫א‬E4-5F700‫א‬‫א‬
.%50%5‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E6-5FE5-5F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4-5F
 50  50  50  50  50
 50  50  50  50  50
 50  50  50  50  50
50 J 50 J 50 J 50 J 50 J
 50  50  50  50  50
 50  50  50  50  50

 ‫א‬‫א‬E5-5F

‫א‬
 oC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
oC‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬
 850-1200   910
 F – SH 2 L-Cu Ni10Zn42
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 950 J700   900 L-Cu Zn 39 Sn
 F – SH 2
 L-Cu Zn 40
 20% Ag 
 
500 - 800   840  L – Ag 27
 F – SH 1
 
  ‫א‬   810  L – Ag 20
 ‫א‬  


  ‫א‬  750  L – Ag 20 Cd
 
 ‫א‬
  J20% Ag 
 
 750 J550  710  L - Ag 2P
   
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 750 J550  610  L - Ag 40 Cd
 F – SH 1
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 560   590  L - A1 S1 12
 F – SH 1
 K‫א‬450oC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 ‫א‬‫א‬450oC‫א‬‫א‬
 ZF  ZF
  - L   - S
 ZH  ZH
 EoC800 J550F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ F – SH 1
 EoC1100 J750F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F – SH 2
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F – LH

 Cu Zn 37 F38‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E6-5F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
oC‫א‬ oC‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ L-Cu Zn 39
‫א‬ F SH 2
‫א‬‫א‬ Sn
‫א‬  700 – 950  900 
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ 
   

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  L-Cu Zn 40
‫א‬‫א‬
oC‫א‬   900 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 400  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ L-Cu Zn 39
‫א‬‫א‬    900 Sn
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 
‫א‬
‫א‬  L-Cu Zn 40
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   900 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬  L-Ag 2p
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 710 
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
،‫א‬ F-SH 1
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ oC750 J550
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ F-SH 1‫א‬
L-Ag 40 Cd
‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 610 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ Al, Ni , Cu, Fe-
 
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  Ag
 ‫א‬ oC800 J500

L-Ag 40 Cd
‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   610
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬ J8
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE10-5F
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J2
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J3
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J4
 K‫א‬ J5
 KEF‫א‬ J6
 K J7
 K‫א‬ J8
 K0.5 kg J9
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J10
 K0.5-9 mm‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ J11
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J12
 KE‫א‬‫א‬F J13
 K‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ J14
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬ J15
 K J16
(StoolF J17
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E10-5F

 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
،E2F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E1F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E11-5F‫א‬
 KE3F ‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 ‫א‬E11-5F
 
1200‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 2100‫א‬‫א‬3200‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE12-5F
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

  oC2100  oC 3200  oC1200

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E12-5F
 ‫א‬
 KE13-5F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ J1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬ J2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬‫א‬ J3
 KK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬KE13-5F
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬ •

 K‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J1
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J4
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J5
 (Right-hand threads)  ‫א‬،‫א‬
 KEE14-5F‫א‬FK(Left-hand threads)‫א‬

‫א‬E14-5F
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J6
 K‫א‬(Flashback arrestors)‫א‬‫א‬ J7
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J8
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J9
 KEE14-5F‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J10

 
 ‫א‬E15-5F
E ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J11
EE16-5F‫א‬FK‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E16-5F
E17-5F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J12
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬1PSIG E ‫א‬F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K0PSIGE‫א‬F‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E17-5F
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ J13
 KEE18-5F‫א‬F

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E18-5F
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ J14
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KEE19-5FF

 
‫א‬‫א‬E19-5)
‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬ J15
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،E8L1F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE3-5F
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EE20-5F‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

 
EF E F
 ‫א‬ J،‫א‬ J(20-5F
 K‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬ J16
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J17
 K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J18
‫א‬FE8L1F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ J19
 K(Striker)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE22-521-5‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬(22-5)‫ א‬‫א‬ (21-5)‫א‬
‫א‬ E8L1F‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ J20
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 KE3.2‫א‬ J‫א‬‫א‬FK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ EE23-5F‫א‬F  ‫א‬
 K،
 K،‫א‬W‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E23-5F
 W‫א‬‫א‬ J2
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J3
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 E1F
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 (E24-5F‫א‬FW‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ J2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(Tube cleaner)
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J3
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J4
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J5
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 (‫)ب‬
 (‫)أ‬

 (‫)ج‬ (‫)د‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬E24-5F
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 E2F
 ‫א‬EF‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J1
 K‫א‬‫א‬E25-5F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J2
  .T (Tee) ‫א‬‫א‬E2F E1F‫א‬‫א‬ J3
 .‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J4
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J5
 .E1F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ KE‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF J6
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KK‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E2F‫א‬65‫א‬ J7
 
 
E1F
 
E1F
 
 
 
 
 
E2F  E2 F
 
 
 E2FE25-5F
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 E3F
 ‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬T (Tee) ‫א‬‫א‬E3F‫א‬ J1
 KE26-5F
 .‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬ J2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J3
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 
 E1 F
  
E3F   
 
E3F
 
 

 E2F  
E2F
 
 
 E3FE26-5F
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 5015‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 30060‫א‬
‫א‬،1000‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE27-5F

 
 ‫א‬E27-5F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  JW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J1
 KE28-5F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J2

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E28-5F
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ J4
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J5
 K‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J6
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J7
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J8
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J9
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J10
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J11
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J12
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ J1
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KEE28-5F‫א‬FK‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ J2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
.‫א‬ 

 
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬ J3
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  JW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
BS639DIN 1913
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ .‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
E 51 44BB [130 3 1 H]
 KE J3F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E7-5FE29-5F

 
 ‫א‬E29-5F
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E7-5F
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 E‫א‬F‫א‬  (mm) ‫א‬

40 – 65 2
70 – 95 2.5
90 – 130 3.25
140 – 180 4.0
160 240 5.0
 220 - 300 6.0
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F J1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(Slope angle) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K(30-5)(Tilt angle)

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(30-5)

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ J4
 KEE27-5FF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ J5
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ J6
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،
 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
E31-5F‫א‬،‫א‬

 K‫א‬ J7  K‫א‬‫א‬ J1
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J8  K J2
 
 K‫א‬ J9  K J3
 
 K‫א‬ J10  K J4
 
 K J11  K J5
 
 (Stool) J12  ‫א‬ J6
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬E31-5F
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬F‫א‬E
 ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
E ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،3600E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K4200
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  JW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬ J2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J3
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J4
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J5
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE30-5‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J6
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J7
 E32-3‫א‬‫א‬FK‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E32-5F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ J8
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J9
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J10
 

 
 
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 E4F
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  JW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J1
 KE33-5F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J2
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J3
 K J4
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J5
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J6
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
6 mm
 
 
65 o  
 
o
40
 
50 mm

 
6

200 mm  
 
100 mm
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E33-3F
 
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬E -5F

 
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 163   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬
 
1- Smith, B. D. “ Welding Practice “ Arnold 1996K
2- Puzio, H. and Johnson J. “ Practical Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and
Refrigeration. ITP 1996.
3- Althouse, A. D. and et al. "Modern Refrigeration and Air Conditioning", Goodheart-
Wilcox (2000)
 K1977‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬? J4
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ J5
K1422L1421‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?W‫א‬‫א‬ J6
K1419‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J‫א‬