E Voting Research Paper

e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science

( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:04/Issue:07/July-2022 Impact Factor- 6.752 www.irjmets.com
BLOCKCHAIN BASED VOTING SYSTEM

Adithya S*1, Amogh D R*2, Chandan P*3, Rahul Rajan*4,
Satish Basapur*5, Neetha Natesh*6, Vanishree Abhay*7
*1,2,3,4Bachelor of Engineering, Information Science Student, Dr. Ambedkar Institute Of Technology,
Bangalore, India.
*5,6,7Asst. Professor, Department of ISE, Dr. Ambedkar Institute Of Technology, Bangalore, India.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this project was for us to develop a model that would outline our proposal to solving the issues
of digital voting by using blockchain technology. The project began with the analysis of models and procedures
that already exist of unique Id (voter id card), delay in giving out results and the most important is security
issues. Security of digital to perform blockchain based voting system. In a Democracy voting is a crucial event in
any country, the current voting system is through use of EVM or ballot paper. These processes have many
drawbacks such as transparency, low voter turn-out, tampering of votes, distrust in the election body, forging
voting is always the biggest concern when considering to implement a digital voting system. With such big
decisions at stake, we must have no doubt about the system’s ability to secure the information and to defend
against potential hacks or cyber-attacks. One way the security issues can be potentially solved is through the
use of blockchain technology. Blockchain technology offers infinite number of applications. Blockchain is a
distributed ledger technology, which allows the digital assets to be transferred in a peer-to-peer decentralized
distributed network. A distributed ledger technology is a huge advancement in this field. A Block is a collection
of all the transactions. Blockchain has many features that can be used while voting using blockchain such as
Decentralization, Security, Transparency, immutability, and anonymity. Blockchain with smart contract is an
emerging topic ,which is a safer, secure and transparent E-voting systems. In this paper we have tested and
implemented an e-voting system with smart contracts for the Ethereum network using the blockchain
technology through wallets and the Solidity language.
Keywords: Decentralized applications, Blockchain , Web 3.0 , Solidity, Hardhat , System, Peer-to-peer Network,
Ethereum Blockchain, Ethereum Virtual machine , Smart Contract.
I. INTRODUCTION
The voting system is the method in which the voters vote for their representatives in political and corporate
governance. Democracy is a system in which we elect representatives by voting. Blockchain technology offers a
decentralized node for electronic voting or online voting. In recent times distributed ledger technologies such
blockchain were used to produce electronic voting systems mainly because of their end-to-end verification
advantages. Blockchain is a very interesting alternative to conventional electronic voting systems with features
like decentralization, non-repudiation, and security protection. It is used to hold both boardroom and public
voting. A blockchain, initially a chain of blocks, is a growing list of blocks combined with cryptographic
connections. Each block contains a hash, timestamp, and transaction data from the previous block. The
blockchain was created to be data-resistant. Voting is a new phase of blockchain technology; in this area, the
researchers are trying to leverage benefits such as transparency, secrecy, and non-repudiation that are
essential for voting applications. With the usage of blockchain for electronic voting applications, efforts such as
utilizing blockchain technology to provide the four required characteristics of voting system:
1. Accuracy: Voting system is to establish the intent of the individual voter, and translate those intents into a
final results. To achieve such a level of accuracy blockchain is use as its cryptographically secure and immutable
so accuracy of the votes will be maintained.
2. Anonymity: To preserve anonymity is a very challenging task. The votes need to be discreet and shouldn’t be
leaked or altered. Blockchain has hashing function which makes it impossible to retrieve data without proper
key.
3. Scalability: India is a large country with a high growing population. It is important to keep scalability in mind
because each and every vote must be recognized and calculated.
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e-ISSN: 2582-5208
4. Speed: The process of voting must be fast and the results must be displayed as soon as possible.
Blockchain provides a platform for creating decentralized, highly secure, maintain anonymity , yet auditable
chain of data, used currently in bitcoin and other cryptocurrency. The same technolog can be used to record
vote, report votes ,display votes and prevent many types of voter frauds.
II. METHODOLOGY
The methodology follows when the voter enters the vote. The vote is registered through the voter UI. The
transaction-ID and timestamp are recorded, then hashing takes place and the data is induced in a node and
added to the blockchain. The results can be directly accessed without third party interaction. Blockchain
provides fully decentralized, cryptographically secured system. Data once entered cannot be altered without
proper chain of events.
III. MODELING AND ANALYSIS
Blockchains are essentially decentralized, distributed, public ledgers. The ledger is organized into blocks where
each block is a digital piece of information about transactions. Each block characteristically contains a
cryptographic hash of the previous block to assure there is a standard order to the blocks. This links the blocks
and builds symbolically a chain and gives the blockchain two essential properties; a modification of the earlier
block will invalidate all the previous, and anyone can verify the whole chain given the first genesis block.
Blocks are created based on the latest block of the most current chain and are processed by nodes in a Peer-to-
Peer network. Every creation follows a consensus mechanism, which is essentially a protocol, in order to agree
which transactions are legitimate and added to the blockchain. This is feasible with cryptography and
necessary to assure correctness. The protocol assures that everyone has the same pieces of information about
the transactions.
Information on the blockchain is transparent and anyone can view the content of a blockchain. Transactions on
the blockchain are not completely anonymous. However, information about the users is limited to their digital
Signature.

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The above figure is an Abstract blockchain visualization, where each cloud represents digital information about
transactions. Fundamentally, this information varies and is stored and represented in different forms of data
structures. Depending on the blockchain, this might vary from more basic Bitcoin blocks to complex Ethereum
blocks.
Applications used : Metamask, Remix Ide, Truffle-Ganache.
MetaMask : A software cryptocurrency wallet , which is used to interact with the Ethereum blockchain. It
allows users to access their Ethereum wallet through a browser extension or mobile app, which can then be
used to interact with decentralized applications.
Truffle and Ganache : Truffle is a framework that was used throughout the process of developing the prototype.
It was helpful by having the ability to act as a package manager, but also came with built-in functionality to
compile Solidity code and deploy it to a blockchain. Truffle offered three different commands: truffle compile,
truffle migrate and truffle test which were used to compile the contracts, deploy them to a blockchain on the
network and perform tests on them. Ganache was used to simulate an Ethereum blockchain on a local machine.
It came in two different representations, GUI and CLI.
The above figure is a Sequence diagram that demonstrates how the prototype starts and ends an election. It
visualizes the steps before Alice votes, what happens when an election ends and how Bob, as a consequence of
ending the election, can access the results. The vertical lines represent a timeline that starts at the top of the
diagram
Smart contracts: The purpose of the smart contracts is to act as a back-end for the system. They contain
different variables, functions and providing rules for how the voting process works. Due to the limitations of
Ethereum, such as private variables that are not truly private and all transactions being public, solutions for
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keeping data inaccessible had to be made. Specialized tools were used to support the development of smart
contracts
IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Figure 1: Shows the blocks mined in Truffle-Ganache.
Figure 2: Output
V. CONCLUSION
To Overcome all the Shortcomings in the Present Voting System, we came up with the Modern Technology of
Blockchain i.e. E-Voting System using Blockchain. By using this modern technology, following things can be
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Achieved:- Cheap Voting System, Accurate Voting System, Fast Voting System. Every Citizen desires to have a
Transparent and Direct Form of Democracy which is clear cut obtained from this E- Voting System using
Blockchain. Faith of People on the Voting System is Increased therefore, many People Come Forward for Voting,
thereby Increasing the Percentage of the People Voted. The Pen and the Paper Election is Eradicated thereby
creating Accuracy in the Voting System. Everybody Prefers Time ,and Cost Efficient Systems so this E-Voting
System using Blockchain is apt for Transparent Democracy. Ethereum Private Blockchain allows hundreds and
hundreds of Transactions in a Second. Utilisation of the Smart Contracts lower the Load on the Blockchain. For
Countries with Greater Population, some additional Technology should be added in this E-Voting System using
Blockchain to avoid Errors. The main reason behind this system is to present an idea of implementation of
blockchain in the voting system
VI. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We would like to express our special thanks to our professors Satish Basapur, Neetha Natesh, Vanishree Abhay,
of Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bengaluru who supported and helped us doing the research on this
paper. And also we would like to thank the Department of Information Science and Engineering of Dr.
Ambedkar Institute of Technology which gave us this opportunity to do this project “Blockchain Based Voting
System”, which helped us to learn new things and new technologies in this field.
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e-ISSN: 2582-5208

International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science

BLOCKCHAIN BASED VOTING SYSTEM

www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science

www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science

Figure 1: Shows the blocks mined in Truffle-Ganache.

www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science

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