ee Ny, Zin 1 o> SS . Longman Soros PREPARATION FOR THE COMPUTER : AND »», PAPER TESTS a EY DEBORAH PHILLIPS er ‘TOEFL? isthe registered tralemark of Fietional Testng Service, Pee) ‘This publication is not endorsed or approved by ETS.Longman COMPLETE COURSE FOR THE TOEFL’ TEST Preparation for the Computer and Paper Tests Deborah Phillips 8 LONGMANLongman Complete Course for the TOEFI? Test: Preparation for the Computer and Paper Tests Copyright © 2001 by Addison-Wesley Longman, inc A Pearson Education Company Allrights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the permission of the publisher. Pearson Education, 10 Bank Street, White Plains, N.Y. 10606 Vice president, director of publishing: Allen Ascher Editorial ditector: Louisa Hellegers Development editor: Angela Castio Vice president, director of design ind production: Rhea Banker Associate director of electronic production: Aliza Greenblatt Executive managing editor: Linda Moser Project editor: Helen B. Ambrosio Production manager: Alana Zdinak Production supervisor: Liza Pleva Director of manufacturing: Patrice Fraccio Senior manufacturing manager: Edie Pullman ‘Text design adaptation: Page Designs International, Inc. ‘Composition: Page Designs Intemational, Inc. Text art: Jill C. Wood ‘Text photography: Hutchings Photography: additional photographs: bat on page 19 ‘©Bettmann/CORBIS, Three-Mile Island on page 20 ©Leif Skoogfors/CORBIS, Lewis and Clark statue on page 159 ©CORBIS, Lilivokalani on page 181 ©CORBIS, James Cook on page 181 OCORBIS. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Phillips, Deborah Longman compiete course for the TOEFL test: preparation for the computer and paper tests / Deborah Phillips. em, includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-13-040895-6 (with Answer Key) ISBN 0-13-040902-2 (withovt Answer Key) 1. English language—Textbooks for foreign speakers. 2. Test of English as a foreign lauguage—Study guides. 3. English language— Examinations—Study guides. I, Title: Complete course for the TOEFL test Ii. Title.CONTENTS INTRODUCTION SECTION ONE: LISTENING LISTENING DIAGNOSTIC PRE-TEST (Paper) LISTENING DIAGNOSTIC PRE-TEST (Computer) LISTENING INTRODUCTION SHORT DIALOGUES (Paper and Computer} Strategies SKILL 1 Focus on the last line SKILL 2: Choose answers with synonyms SKILL 8: _ Avoid similar sounds TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 1-3) Who, What, Where SKILL 4: Draw conclusions about who, what, where SKILL5: — Listen for who and what in passives SKILL 6: Listen for whe and what with multiple nouns TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 4-6) “TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-6) Negatives SKILL 7: Listen for negative expressions SKILL 8: _ Listen for double negative expressions SKILL 9: Listen for “almost negative” expressions SKILL 10: Listen for negatives with comparatives TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 7-10) TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-10) Functions SKILL 11: Listen for expressions of agreement SKILL 12: Listen for expressions of uncertainty and suggestion SKILL 13: Listen for emphatic expressions of surprise TOEEL EXERCISE {Skills 11-13) TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-13) Contrary Meanings SKILI. 14: Listen for wishes SKILL. 15: Listen for untrue conditions TORFI. EXERCISE (Skills 14-15) TOEFI. REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-15) Idiomatic Language SKILL 16: Listen for two- and three-part verbs SKILL 17: Listen for idioms TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 16-17) TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-17) xi 22 25 29 31 33 35 36° 38 41 a8 44 45 a7 49 51 53 54 37 60 62 63 S288 70: R 74 74w CONTENTS LONG CONVERSATIONS (Paper) 6 Before Listening SKILL 18: Anticipate the topics 78 SKILL 19: Anticipate the questions 80 While Listening SKILL 20: Determine the topic 82 SKILL 21: Draw conclusions ahout wha, whet, when, where 83 SKILL 22: Listen for answers in order B84 TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE. (Skills 18-22) 86 LONG TALKS (Paper) 87 Before Listening SKILL 23: Anticipate the topics 9 SKILL 24: Anticipate the questions 91 While Listening SKILL 25: Determine the topic 93 SKILL 26; Draw conclusions about who, what, when, where 94 SKILL 27; Listen for answers in order 95 TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE {Skills 23-27) 97 CASUAL CONVERSATIONS (Computer) 98 SKILL 28: Understand casual conversations 100 ACADEMIC DISCUSSIONS (Computer) 103 SKILL 29: Recognize the organization 110 SKILL 30; Listen for dircet and indireet details 118 SKILL 31: Visualize the passage 132 TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 29-81) 128 ACADEMIC LECTURES (Computer) 134 SKILL 32: Recognize the organization 140 SKILL 33; Listen for direct and indirect details 148 SKILL 34: Visualize the passage 153 TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 32-34) 159 LISTENING POST-TEST (Paper) 168 LISTENING POST-TEST (Computer) a SECTION TWO: STRUCTURE STRUCTURE DIAGNOSTIC PRE-TEST (Paper) 186, STRUCTURE DIAGNOSTIC PRE-TEST (Computer) 192 STRUCTURE INTRODUCTION 195, THE STRUCTURE QUESTIONS (Paper and Computer) 198 Sentences with One Clause SKILL I: Be sure the sentence has.a subject and a verb 200 SKILL 2: Be careful of objects of prepositions 201 SKILL 3: Be careful of appositives 203SKILL 4: Be careful of present participles SKILL 5: Be careful of past participles EXERCISE (Skills 1-5) TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 1-5) Sentences with Multiple Clauses SKILL 6: Use coordinate connectors correctly SKILL 7: — Use adverb timeand cause connectors correctly SKILL8: Use other adverb connectors correctly EXERCISE (Skills 6-8) TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 6-8) TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-8) More Sentences with Multiple Clauses SKILL 9: — Use noun clause connectors correctly SKILL 10: Use noun clause connector/subjects correctly SKILL 11: Use adjective clause connectors correctly SKILL 12: Use adjective clause connector/subjects correctly EXERCISE (Skills 9-12) TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 9-12) TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-12) Sentences with Reduced Clauses SKILL 13: Use reduced adjective clauses correctly SKILL 14: Use reduced adverb clauses correctly EXERCISE (Skills 13-14) TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 13-14) TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-14) Sentences with Inverted Subjects and Verbs SKILL 15: Invert the subject and verb with question words SKILL 16: Invert the subject and verb with place expressions SKILL 17: Invert the subject and verb with negatives SKILL 18: Invert the subject and verb with conditionals SKILL 19: Invert the subject and verb with comparisons EXERCISE (Skills 15-19) TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 15-19) TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-19) THE WRITTEN EXPRESSION QUESTIONS (Paper and Computer) Problems with Subject/Verb Agreement SKILL 20: Make verbs agree after prepositional phrases SKILL 21: | Make verbs agree after expressions of quantity SKILL 22: Make inverted verbs agree SKILL 23: Make verbs agree after certain words EXERCISE (Skills 20-23) ‘TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 20-23) TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-23) Problems with Parallel Structure SKILL 24: Use parallel structure with coordinate conjunctions SKILL 25: Use parallel structure with paired conjunctions SKILL 26: Use parallel structure with comparisons CONTENTS 205 206 208 208 209 2 213 215 215 216 27 219 221 222 224 225 226 227 230 232 232 233 235 236 238 240 242 244 244 245 247 248, 249 250 252 253 253. 254 256 257 259 vCONTENTS EXERCISE (Skills 24-26) TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 24-26) TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-26) Problems with Comparatives and Superlatives SKILL 27: Form comparatives and superlatives correctly SKILL 28: Use comparatives and superlatives correctly SKILL 29: Use the irregular -ey -erstructure correctly EXERCISE (Skills 27-29} ‘TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 27-29) ‘TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-29) Problems with the Form of the Verb SKILL $0: After have, use the past part SKILL $1: After de, use the present participle or the past participle SKILL 32: After will, would, or other modals, use the base form of the verb EXERCISE (Skills 30-32) TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 30-32) ‘TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-32) Problems with the Use of the Verb SKILL 83: Know when (o use the past with the present SKILL 84: Use Raveand had correctly SKILL 38: Use the correct tense with time expressions SKILL 86: Use the correct tense with wilfand would EXERCISE (Skills 33-36} TOEFL EXERCISE (Skil's 33-36) TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-36) Problems with Passive Verbs SKILL 87: Use the correct form of the passive SKILL 38: Recognize active and passive meanings EXERCISE (Skills 37-38) TOEFI. EXERCISE (Skills 37-38) ‘TOEFT. REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-38) Problems with Nouns SKILL 39: Use the correct singular or plural noun SKILL 40: Distinguish countable and uncountable nouns SKILL 41: Recognize irsegular plurals of nouns SKILL 42: Distinguish the person from the thing EXERCISE (Skills 30-42) TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 39-42) TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-42) Problems with Pronouns SKILL 43: Distinguish subject and object pronouns SKILL 44: Distinguish possessive adjectives and pronouns SKILL 45: Check pronoun reference for agreement EXERCISE (Skills 43-45) TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 48-45) TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE. (Skills 1-45) 260 260 261 262 264 265 266 266 267 269 204 296 297 208 209 299CONTENTS vii Problems with Adjectives and Adverbs SKILL 46: Use basic adjectives and adverbs correctly 301 SKILL 47: Use adjectives after linking verbs 302 SKILL 48: Position adjectives and adverbs correctly 304 EXERCISE {Skills 46-48) 305 TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 46-48) 306 TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-48) 307 More Problems with Adjectives SKILL 49: Recognize -ly adjectives 308 SKILL 50: Use predicate adjectives correctly 309 SKILL 51: Use -edand -ingadjectives correctly 310 EXERCISE (Skills 49-53) a TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 49-51) a2 TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-51) 313 Problems with Articles SKILL 52: Use articles with singular nouns a4 SKILL53: Distinguish eand an 315 SKILL 54: Make articles agree with nouns 316 SKILL 58: Distinguish specific and general ideas a7 EXERCISE (Skills 52-35) 38 TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 52-55) 319 TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-55) 319 Problems with Prepositions incorrect prepositions 221 when prepositions have been omitted 322 EXERCISE (Skills 56-57) 323 TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 56-57) 323 TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-57) 324 Problems with Usage SKILL 58; Distinguish make and do 325 SKILL 59: Distinguish dite, alike, and unlike 326 SKILL 60: Distinguish other, another, and others 327 EXERCISE (Skills 58-60) 328 TOFFL EXERCISE (Skills 58-60) 329 ‘TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-60) 330 STRUCTURE POST-TEST (Paper) 381 STRUCTURE POST-TEST (Computer) 388 SECTION THREE: READING READING DIAGNOSTIC PRE-TEST (Paper) 343 READING DIAGNOSTIC PRE-TEST (Computer) 350 READING INTRODUCTION 359 THE READING COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS (Paper and Computer) 368CONTENTS Questions about the Ideas of the Passage SKILL 1: Answer main idea questions corrcetty SKILL 2: Recognize the organization of idcas TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 1-2) Directly Answered Questions SKILL 3: Answer stated detail questions correctly SKILL 4: Find “unstated” de SKILL 5: Find pronoun referents TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 3-5) TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-5) Indirectly Answered Questions SKILL 6: Answer implied detail questions correctly SKILL 7: Answer transition questions correctly TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 6-7} TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-7) Vocabulary Questions SKILL &: Find definitions from stmcrural clues SKILL 9: Determine meanings from word parts SKILL 10; Use context to determine meanings of difficult words SKILL 11: Use context to determine meanings of simple wards TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 8-11) TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-11) Overall Review Questions SKILL 12: Determine where specific information is found SKILL 13: Determine the tone, purpose, of course SKILL 14: Determine where to insert a piece of information TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 12-14) TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills I-14) READING POST-TEST (Paper) READING POST-TEST (Computer) SECTION FOUR: WRITING WRITING INTRODUCTION ‘The Writing Score (Paper and Computer) Sample Essays Before Writing SKILL 1: " Decode the Topic SKILL2: Develop Supporting Ideas 379 385 388 392 395 398 402 405 407 4ul 415 419 473 474 475 481 481 484While Writing SKILL 3: Write the Introductory Paragraph SKILL 4: Write Unified Supporting Paragraphs SKILL 5: Write the Concluding Paragraph SKILL6: Connect the Supporting Paragraphs in the Essay SKILL7; — Rdit Sentence Stencture 7A Simple Sentence Structure 7B Compound Sentence Structure TC Complex Sentence Structure SKILL8: — Edit Writen Expression BA _Inversions and Agreement 8B Parallel, Comparative, and Superlative Structures aC Verbs 8D Nouns and Pronouns BE Adjectives and Adverbs 8F Prepositions and Usage COMPLETE TEST (Paper) Listening Comprehension Structure and Written Expression Reading Comprehension Test of Written English COMPLETE TEST (Computer) Listening Structure Reading Writing APPENDIXES APPENDIX A: Similar Sounds APPENDIX B: Two- and Three-Part Verbs APPENDIX C: Idioms APPENDIX D: Prepositions APPENDIX E: Word Endings APPENDIX F: Irregular Verb Forms APPENDIX G: Formation of the Passive APPENDIX H: Irregular Plurals APPENDIX I: Word Parts SCORING INFORMATION Scoring Your Pre-Tests, Post-Tests, and Complete Practice Tests Charting Your Progress RECORDING SCRIPT ANSWER KEY CONTENTS. 487 487 490 493 496 499 499 499 501 503 506 506 507 508 509 510 Bll 515 521 528 538 539 551 B54 563 565 566 570 574 576 582 584 586 587 601 603 604 661 i