Good Friday - Wikipedia

Good Friday - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.
org/wiki/Good_Friday
Good Friday
Good Friday is a Christian holiday commemorating the
crucifixion of Jesus and his death at Calvary. It is observed
Good Friday
during Holy Week as part of the Paschal Triduum. It is
also known as Holy Friday, Great Friday, Great and
Holy Friday (also Holy and Great Friday), and Black
Friday.[1]
Members of many Christian denominations, including the

Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Lutheran, Anglican,
Methodist, Oriental Orthodox, United Protestant and
some Reformed traditions (including certain Continental
Reformed, Presbyterian and Congregationalist churches),
observe Good Friday with fasting and church services.[2]
[3][4] In many Catholic, Lutheran, Anglican and Methodist
churches, the Service of the Great Three Hours' Agony is
held from noon until 3 pm, the time duration that the
Bible records as darkness covering the land to Jesus'
sacrificial death on the cross.[5] Communicants of the
Moravian Church have a Good Friday tradition of cleaning
gravestones in Moravian cemeteries.[6]
The date of Good Friday varies from one year to the next
in both the Gregorian and Julian calendars. Eastern and
Western Christianity disagree over the computation of the
date of Easter and therefore of Good Friday. Good Friday A Stabat Mater depiction, 1868
is a widely instituted legal holiday around the world,
Type Christian
including in most Western countries and 12 U.S. states.[7]
Some predominantly Christian countries, such as Significance Commemoration of
Germany, have laws prohibiting certain acts such as the crucifixion and the
dancing and horse racing, in remembrance of the somber death of Jesus Christ
nature of Good Friday.[8][9] Celebrations Celebration of the
Passion of the Lord
Etymology Observances Worship services,
prayer and vigil
'Good Friday' comes from the sense 'pious, holy' of the services, fasting,
word "good".[10] Less common examples of expressions almsgiving
based on this obsolete sense of "good" include "the good
book" for the Bible, "good tide" for "Christmas" or Date The Friday
Shrovetide, and Good Wednesday for the Wednesday in immediately preceding
Holy Week.[11] A common folk etymology incorrectly Easter Sunday
analyzes "Good Friday" as a corruption of "God Friday" 2023 date April 7 (Western)
similar to the linguistically correct description of
April 14 (Eastern)
"goodbye" as a contraction of "God be with you". In Old
English, the day was called "Long Friday" (langa frigedæg 2024 date March 29 (Western)
[ˈlɑŋɡɑ ˈfriːjedæj]), and equivalents of this term are still May 3 (Eastern)
used in Scandinavian languages and Finnish.[12]
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Good Friday - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_Friday
Other languages 2025 date April 18 (Western)

April 18 (Eastern)
In Latin, the name used by the Catholic Church until 1955
was Feria sexta in Parasceve ("Friday of Preparation [for 2026 date April 3 (Western)
the Sabbath]"). In the 1955 reform of Holy Week, it was April 10 (Eastern)
renamed Feria sexta in Passione et Morte Domini
("Friday of the Passion and Death of the Lord"), and in the Frequency Annual
new rite introduced in 1970, shortened to Feria sexta in Related to Passover, Christmas
Passione Domini ("Friday of the Passion of the Lord"). (which celebrates the
birth of Jesus),
In Dutch, Good Friday is known as Goede Vrijdag, in
Septuagesima,
Frisian as Goedfreed. In German-speaking countries, it is
Quinquagesima,
generally referred to as Karfreitag ("Mourning Friday",
with Kar from Old High German kara‚ "bewail", "grieve"‚ Shrove Tuesday, Ash
"mourn", which is related to the English word "care" in Wednesday, Lent,
the sense of cares and woes), but it is sometimes also Palm Sunday, Holy
called Stiller Freitag ("Silent Friday") and Hoher Freitag Wednesday, Maundy
("High Friday, Holy Friday"). In the Scandinavian Thursday, and Holy
languages and Finnish ("pitkäperjantai"), it is called the Saturday which lead
equivalent of "Long Friday" as it was in Old English up to Easter, Easter
("Langa frigedæg"). Sunday (primarily),
Divine Mercy Sunday,
In Irish it is known as Aoine an Chéasta, "Friday of
Crucifixion", from céas, "suffer;"[13] similarly, it is Ascension, Pentecost,
DihAoine na Ceusta in Scottish Gaelic.[14] In Welsh it is Whit Monday, Trinity
called Dydd Gwener y Groglith, "Friday of the Cross- Sunday, Corpus
Reading", referring to Y Groglith, a medieval Welsh text Christi and Feast of
on the Crucifixion of Jesus that was traditionally read on the Sacred Heart
Good Friday.[15] which follow it. It is
related to the Feast of
In Greek, Polish, Hungarian, Romanian, Breton and the Exaltation of the
Armenian it is generally referred to as the equivalent of
Holy Cross, which
"Great Friday" (Μεγάλη Παρασκευή, Wielki Piątek,
focuses on the
Nagypéntek, Vinerea Mare, Gwener ar Groaz, Ավագ
Ուրբաթ). In Serbian, it is referred either Велики петак benefits, graces, and
("Great Friday"), or, more commonly, Страсни петак merits of the Cross,
("Suffer Friday"). In Bulgarian, it is called either Велики rather than Jesus
петък ("Great Friday"), or, more commonly, Разпети Christ's death.
петък ("Crucified Friday"). In French, Italian, Spanish
and Portuguese it is referred to as Vendredi saint, Venerdì santo, Viernes Santo and Sexta-
Feira Santa ("Holy Friday"), respectively. In Arabic and Maltese, it is known as "‫"ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻤﺔ‬
and Il-Ġimgħa l-Kbira ("Great Friday") respectively. In Malayalam, it is called ദുഃഖ െവ�ി
("Sad Friday").
Biblical accounts
According to the accounts in the Gospels, the royal soldiers, guided by Jesus' disciple Judas
Iscariot, arrested Jesus in the Garden of Gethsemane. Judas received money (30 pieces of
silver) [16] for betraying Jesus and told the guards that whomever he kisses is the one they are to
arrest. Following his arrest, Jesus was taken to the house of Annas, the father-in-law of the high
priest, Caiaphas. There he was interrogated with little result and sent bound to Caiaphas the
high priest where the Sanhedrin had assembled.[17]
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Conflicting testimony against Jesus was brought forth by many

witnesses, to which Jesus answered nothing. Finally the high priest
adjured Jesus to respond under solemn oath, saying "I adjure you,
by the Living God, to tell us, are you the Anointed One, the Son of
God?" Jesus testified ambiguously, "You have said it, and in time
you will see the Son of Man seated at the right hand of the
Almighty, coming on the clouds of Heaven." The high priest
condemned Jesus for blasphemy, and the Sanhedrin concurred
with a sentence of death.[18] Peter, waiting in the courtyard, also
denied Jesus three times to bystanders while the interrogations
were proceeding just as Jesus had foretold.
In the morning, the whole assembly brought Jesus to the Roman The Judas Kiss by Gustave
governor Pontius Pilate under charges of subverting the nation, Doré, 1866
opposing taxes to Caesar, and making himself a king. [19] Pilate
authorized the Jewish leaders to judge Jesus according to their own
law and execute sentencing; however, the Jewish leaders replied that they were not allowed by
the Romans to carry out a sentence of death.[20]
Pilate questioned Jesus and told the assembly that there was no basis for sentencing. Upon
learning that Jesus was from Galilee, Pilate referred the case to the ruler of Galilee, King Herod,
who was in Jerusalem for the Passover Feast. Herod questioned Jesus but received no answer;
Herod sent Jesus back to Pilate. Pilate told the assembly that neither he nor Herod found Jesus
to be guilty; Pilate resolved to have Jesus whipped and released.[21] Under the guidance of the
chief priests, the crowd asked for Barabbas, who had been imprisoned for committing murder
during an insurrection. Pilate asked what they would have him do with Jesus, and they
demanded, "Crucify him."[22] Pilate's wife had seen Jesus in a dream earlier that day, and she
forewarned Pilate to "have nothing to do with this righteous man."[23] Pilate had Jesus flogged
and then brought him out to the crowd to release him. The chief priests informed Pilate of a new
charge, demanding Jesus be sentenced to death "because he claimed to be God's son." This
possibility filled Pilate with fear, and he brought Jesus back inside the palace and demanded to
know from where he came.[24]
Coming before the crowd one last time, Pilate declared

Jesus innocent and washed his own hands in water to show
he had no part in this condemnation. Nevertheless, Pilate
handed Jesus over to be crucified in order to forestall a riot.
[25] The sentence written was "Jesus of Nazareth, King of the
Jews." Jesus carried his cross to the site of execution
(assisted by Simon of Cyrene), called the "place of the
Skull", or "Golgotha" in Hebrew and in Latin "Calvary".
There he was crucified along with two criminals.[26]
Antonio Ciseri's depiction of Ecce
Jesus agonized on the cross for six hours. During his last
Homo with Jesus and Pontius Pilate,
three hours on the cross, from noon to 3 pm, darkness fell
19th century
over the whole land.[27] In the gospels of Mathew and Mark,
Jesus is said to have spoken from the cross, quoting the
messianic Psalm 22: "My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?"[28]
With a loud cry, Jesus gave up his spirit. There was an earthquake, tombs broke open, and the
curtain in the Temple was torn from top to bottom. The centurion on guard at the site of
crucifixion declared, "Truly this was God's Son!"[29]
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Joseph of Arimathea, a member of the Sanhedrin and a secret follower of Jesus, who had not
consented to his condemnation, went to Pilate to request the body of Jesus.[30] Another secret
follower of Jesus and member of the Sanhedrin named Nicodemus brought about a hundred-
pound weight mixture of spices and helped wrap the body of Jesus.[31] Pilate asked
confirmation from the centurion of whether Jesus was dead.[32] A soldier pierced the side of
Jesus with a lance causing blood and water to flow out,[33] and the centurion informed Pilate
that Jesus was dead.[34]
Joseph of Arimathea took Jesus' body, wrapped it in a clean linen shroud, and placed it in his
own new tomb that had been carved in the rock[35] in a garden near the site of the crucifixion.
Nicodemus[36] also brought 75 pounds of myrrh and aloes, and placed them in the linen with
the body, in keeping with Jewish burial customs.[31] They rolled a large rock over the entrance
of the tomb.[37] Then they returned home and rested, because Shabbat had begun at sunset.[38]
Orthodox
Byzantine Christians (Eastern Christians who follow the
Rite of Constantinople: Orthodox Christians and Greek-
Catholics) call this day "Great and Holy Friday", or simply
"Great Friday".[39] Because the sacrifice of Jesus through his
crucifixion is recalled on this day, the Divine Liturgy (the
sacrifice of bread and wine) is never celebrated on Great
Friday, except when this day coincides with the Great Feast
of the Annunciation, which falls on the fixed date of 25
March (for those churches which follow the traditional
Julian Calendar, 25 March currently falls on 7 April of the
modern Gregorian Calendar). Also on Great Friday, the Icon of the Crucifixion, 16th century,
clergy no longer wear the purple or red that is customary by Theophanes the Cretan
throughout Great Lent,[40] but instead don black vestments. (Stavronikita Monastery, Mount
There is no "stripping of the altar" on Holy and Great Athos)
Thursday as in the West; instead, all of the church hangings
are changed to black, and will remain so until the Divine
Liturgy on Great Saturday.
The faithful revisit the events of the day through the public reading of specific Psalms and the
Gospels, and singing hymns about Christ's death. Rich visual imagery and symbolism, as well as
stirring hymnody, are remarkable elements of these observances. In the Orthodox
understanding, the events of Holy Week are not simply an annual commemoration of past
events, but the faithful actually participate in the death and the resurrection of Jesus.
Each hour of this day is the new suffering and the new effort of the expiatory
suffering of the Savior. And the echo of this suffering is already heard in every word
of our worship service – unique and incomparable both in the power of tenderness
and feeling and in the depth of the boundless compassion for the suffering of the
Savior. The Holy Church opens before the eyes of believers a full picture of the
redeeming suffering of the Lord beginning with the bloody sweat in the Garden of
Gethsemane up to the crucifixion on Golgotha. Taking us back through the past
centuries in thought, the Holy Church brings us to the foot of the cross of Christ
erected on Golgotha and makes us present among the quivering spectators of all the
torture of the Savior.[41]
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Great and Holy Friday is observed as a strict fast, also called the Black Fast, and adult Byzantine
Christians are expected to abstain from all food and drink the entire day to the extent that their
health permits. "On this Holy day neither a meal is offered nor do we eat on this day of the
crucifixion. If someone is unable or has become very old [or is] unable to fast, he may be given
bread and water after sunset. In this way we come to the holy commandment of the Holy
Apostles not to eat on Great Friday."[41]
Matins of Holy and Great Friday
The Byzantine Christian observance of Holy and Great Friday, which is formally known as The
Order of Holy and Saving Passion of our Lord Jesus Christ, begins on Thursday night
with the Matins of the Twelve Passion Gospels. Scattered throughout this Matins service
are twelve readings from all four of the Gospels which recount the events of the Passion from
the Last Supper through the Crucifixion and burial of Jesus. Some churches have a
candelabrum with twelve candles on it, and after each Gospel reading one of the candles is
extinguished.[42]
The first of these twelve readings[43] is the longest Gospel reading

of the liturgical year, and is a concatenation from all four Gospels.
Just before the sixth Gospel reading, which recounts Jesus being
nailed to the cross, a large cross is carried out of the sanctuary by
the priest, accompanied by incense and candles, and is placed in
the center of the nave (where the congregation gathers) Sēmeron
Kremātai Epí Xýlou:
Today He who hung the earth upon the waters is hung

upon the Cross (three times).
He who is King of the angels is arrayed in a crown of
thorns.
He who wraps the Heavens in clouds is wrapped in the Good Friday cross from the
purple of mockery. Catholicon at Holy Trinity
He who in Jordan set Adam free receives blows upon Monastery, Meteora,
His face. Greece
The Bridegroom of the Church is transfixed with nails.
The Son of the Virgin is pierced with a spear.
We venerate Thy Passion, O Christ (three times).
Show us also Thy glorious Resurrection.[44][45]
The readings are:
1. John 13:31-18:1 – Christ's last sermon, Jesus prays for the apostles.
2. John 18:1–28 – The agony in the garden, the mockery and denial of Christ.
3. Matthew 26:57–75 – The mockery of Christ, Peter denies Christ.
4. John 18:28–19:16 – Pilate questions Jesus; Jesus is condemned; Jesus is mocked by the
Romans.
5. Matthew 27:3–32 – Judas commits suicide; Jesus is condemned; Jesus mocked by the
Romans; Simon of Cyrene compelled to carry the cross.
6. Mark 15:16–32 – Jesus dies.
7. Matthew 27:33–54 – Jesus dies.
8. Luke 23:32–49 – Jesus dies.
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9. John 19:25–37 – Jesus dies.

10. Mark 15:43–47 – Joseph of Arimathea buries Christ.
11. John 19:38–42 – Joseph of Arimathea buries Christ.
12. Matthew 27:62–66 – The Jews set a guard.
During the service, all come forward to kiss the feet of Christ on the cross. After the Canon, a
brief, moving hymn, The Wise Thief is chanted by singers who stand at the foot of the cross in
the center of the nave. The service does not end with the First Hour, as usual, but with a special
dismissal by the priest:
May Christ our true God, Who for the salvation of the world endured spitting, and
scourging, and buffeting, and the Cross, and death, through the intercessions of His
most pure Mother, of our holy and God-bearing fathers, and of all the saints, have
mercy on us and save us, for He is good and the Lover of mankind.
Royal Hours
The next day, in the forenoon on Friday, all gather again to

pray the Royal Hours,[46] a special expanded celebration
of the Little Hours (including the First Hour, Third Hour,
Sixth Hour, Ninth Hour and Typica) with the addition of
scripture readings (Old Testament, Epistle and Gospel) and
hymns about the Crucifixion at each of the Hours (some of
the material from the previous night is repeated). This is
somewhat more festive in character, and derives its name of
"Royal" from both the fact that the Hours are served with
Vigil during the Service of the Royal
more solemnity than normal, commemorating Christ the
Hours
King who humbled himself for the salvation of mankind,
and also from the fact that this service was in the past
attended by the Emperor and his court.[47]
Vespers of Holy and Great Friday
In the afternoon, around 3 pm, all gather for the Vespers of

the Taking-Down from the Cross,[48] commemorating the
Deposition from the Cross. Following Psalm 103 (104) and
the Great Litany, 'Lord, I call' is sung without a Psalter
reading. The first five stichera (the first being repeated) are
taken from the Aposticha at Matins the night before, but the
final 3 of the 5 are sung in Tone 2. Three more stichera in
Tone 6 lead to the Entrance. The Evening Prokimenon is
taken from Psalm 21 (22): 'They parted My garments among
them, and cast lots upon My vesture.' The crucified Christ, just before the
Deposition from the Cross and the
There are then four readings, with Prokimena before the placing of the Epitaphios in the
second and fourth: Sepulchre
▪ Exodus 33:11-23 - God shows Moses His glory

▪ The second Prokimenon is from Psalm 34 (35): 'Judge them, O Lord, that wrong Me: fight
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against them that fight against Me.'

▪ Job 42:12-20 - God restores Job's wealth (note that verses 18-20 are found only in the
Septuagint)
▪ Isaiah 52:13-54:1 - The fourth Suffering Servant song
▪ The third Prokimenon is from Psalm 87 (88): 'They laid Me in the lowest pit: in dark places
and in the shadow of death.'
▪ 1 Corinthians 1:18-2:2 - St. Paul places Christ crucified as the centre of the Christian life
An Alleluia is then sung, with verses from Psalm 68 (69): 'Save Me, O God: for the waters are
come in, even unto My soul.'
The Gospel reading is a composite taken from three of the four the Gospels (Matthew 27:1-38;
Luke 23:39-43; Matthew 27:39-54; John 19:31-37; Matthew 27:55-61), essentially the story of
the Crucifixion as it appears according to St. Matthew, interspersed with St. Luke's account of
the confession of the Good Thief and St. John's account of blood and water flowing from Jesus'
side. During the Gospel, the body of Christ (the soma) is removed from the cross, and, as the
words in the Gospel reading mention Joseph of Arimathea, is wrapped in a linen shroud, and
taken to the altar in the sanctuary.
The Aposticha reflects on the burial of Christ. Either at this

point (in the Greek use) or during the troparion following
(in the Slav use):
Noble Joseph, taking down Thy most pure body

from the Tree, wrapped it in pure linen and spices,
and he laid it in a new tomb.[49]
The epitaphios ("winding sheet"),
depicting the preparation of the body
an epitaphios or "winding sheet" (a cloth embroidered with of Jesus for burial
the image of Christ prepared for burial) is carried in
procession to a low table in the nave which represents the
Tomb of Christ; it is often decorated with an abundance of flowers. The epitaphios itself
represents the body of Jesus wrapped in a burial shroud, and is a roughly full-size cloth icon of
the body of Christ. The service ends with a hope of the Resurrection:
The Angel stood by the tomb, and to the women bearing spices he cried aloud: 'Myrrh
is fitting for the dead, but Christ has shown Himself a stranger to corruption.[49]
Then the priest may deliver a homily and everyone comes forward to venerate the epitaphios. In
the Slavic practice, at the end of Vespers, Compline is immediately served, featuring a special
Canon of the Crucifixion of our Lord and the Lamentation of the Most Holy Theotokos by
Symeon the Logothete.[50]
Matins of Holy and Great Saturday
On Friday night, the Matins of Holy and Great Saturday, a unique service known as The
Lamentation at the Tomb[51] (Epitáphios Thrēnos) is celebrated. This service is also sometimes
called Jerusalem Matins. Much of the service takes place around the tomb of Christ in the
center of the nave.[52]
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A unique feature of the

service is the chanting of
the Lamentations or
Praises (Enkōmia),
which consist of verses
chanted by the clergy
interspersed between
the verses of Psalm 119
(which is, by far, the
The Epitaphios being carried in
longest psalm in the
procession in a church in Greece.
Bible). The Enkōmia are
the best-loved hymns of
Byzantine
hymnography, both their poetry and their music being
uniquely suited to each other and to the spirit of the day.[53]
They consist of 185 tercet antiphons arranged in three parts

(stáseis or "stops"), which are interjected with the verses of Epitaphios adorned for veneration,
Psalm 119, and nine short doxastiká ("Gloriae") and Church of Saints Constantine and
Theotókia (invocations to the Virgin Mary). The three Helen, Hippodromion Sq.,
stáseis are each set to its own music, and are commonly Thessaloniki, Greece
known by their initial antiphons: Ἡ ζωὴ ἐν τάφῳ, "Life in a
grave", Ἄξιον ἐστί, "Worthy it is", and Αἱ γενεαὶ πᾶσαι, "All
the generations". Musically they can be classified as strophic, with 75, 62, and 48 tercet stanzas
each, respectively.[54]
The climax of the Enkōmia comes during the third stásis, with the antiphon "Ω γλυκύ μου ἔαρ",
a lamentation of the Virgin for her dead Child ("O, my sweet spring, my sweetest child, where
has your beauty gone?"). Later, during a different antiphon of that stasis ("Early in the morning
the myrrh-bearers came to Thee and sprinkled myrrh upon Thy tomb"), young girls of the
parish place flowers on the Epitaphios and the priest sprinkles it with rose-water. The author(s)
and date of the Enkōmia are unknown. Their High Attic linguistic style suggests a dating around
the 6th century, possibly before the time of St. Romanos the Melodist.[55]
The Evlogitaria (Benedictions) of the Resurrection are sung

as on Sunday, since they refer to the conversation between
the myrrh-bearers and the angel in the tomb, followed by
kathismata about the burial of Christ. Psalm 50 (51) is then
immediately read, and then followed by a much loved-
canon, written by Mark the Monk, Bishop of Hydrous and
Kosmas of the Holy City, with irmoi by Kassiani the Nun.
The high-point of the much-loved Canon is Ode 9, which
takes the form of a dialogue between Christ and the
Theotokos, with Christ promising His Mother the hope of The Epitaphios mounted upon return
the Resurrection. This Canon will be sung again the of procession, at an Orthodox
following night at the Midnight Office. Church in Adelaide, Australia.
Lauds follows, and its stichera take the form of a funeral

lament, while always preserving the hope of the Resurrection. The doxasticon links Christ's rest
in the tomb with His rest on the seventh day of creation, and the theotokion ("Most blessed art
thou, O Virgin Theotokos...) is the same as is used on Sundays.
At the end of the Great Doxology, while the Trisagion is sung, the epitaphios is taken in
procession around the outside the church, and is then returned to the tomb. Some churches
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observe the practice of holding the epitaphios at the door, above waist level, so the faithful most
bow down under it as they come back into the church, symbolizing their entering into the death
and resurrection of Christ. The epitaphios will lay in the tomb until the Paschal Service early
Sunday morning. In some churches, the epitaphios is never left alone, but is accompanied 24
hours a day by a reader chanting from the Psalter.
When the procession has returned to the church, a troparion is read, similar to hthe ones read
at the Sixth Hour throughout Lent, focusing on the purpose of Christ's burial. A series of
prokimena and readings are then said:
▪ The first prokimenon is from Psalm 43 (44): 'Arise, Lord, and help us: and deliver us for Thy
Name's sake.'
▪ Ezekiel 37:1-14 - God tells Ezekiel to command bones to come to life.
▪ The second prokimenon is from Psalm 9 (9-10), and is based on the verses sung at the
kathismata and Lauds on Sundays: 'Arise, O Lord my God, lift up Thine hand: forget not Thy
poor forever.'
▪ 1 Corinthians 5:6-8; Galatians 3:13-14 - St. Paul celebrates the Passion of Christ and
explains its role in the life of Gentile Christians.
▪ The Alleluia verses are from Psalm 67 (68), and are based on the Paschal verses: 'Let God
arise, and let His enemies be scattered.'
▪ Matthew 27:62-66 - The Pharisees ask Pilate to set a watch at the tomb.
At the end of the service, a final hymn is sung as the faithful come to venerate the Epitaphios.
Roman Catholic
Day of Fasting
The Catholic Church regards Good Friday and Holy

Saturday as the Paschal fast, in accordance with Article 110
of Sacrosanctum Concilium.[56] In the Latin Church, a fast
day is understood as having only one full meal and two
collations (a smaller repast, the two of which together do not
equal the one full meal)[57][58] – although this may be
observed less stringently on Holy Saturday than on Good
Friday.[56]
Crucifix prepared for veneration
Services on the day
The Roman Rite has no celebration of Mass between the Mass of the Lord's Supper on Holy
Thursday evening and the Easter Vigil unless a special exemption is granted for rare solemn or
grave occasions by the Vatican or the local bishop. The only sacraments celebrated during this
time are Baptism (for those in danger of death), Penance, and Anointing of the Sick.[59] While
there is no celebration of the Eucharist, it is distributed to the faithful only in the Celebration
of the Passion of the Lord, but can also be taken at any hour to the sick who are unable to
attend this celebration.[60]
The Celebration of the Passion of the Lord takes place in the afternoon, ideally at three o'clock;
however, for pastoral reasons (especially in countries where Good Friday is not a public
holiday), it is permissible to celebrate the liturgy earlier,[61] even shortly after midday, or at a
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later hour.[62] The celebration consists of three parts: the liturgy of the word, the adoration of
the cross, and the Holy communion.[63] The altar is bare, without cross, candlesticks and altar
cloths.[64] It is also customary to empty the holy water fonts in preparation of the blessing of the
water at the Easter Vigil.[65] Traditionally, no bells are rung on Good Friday or Holy Saturday
until the Easter Vigil.[66]
The liturgical colour of the vestments used is red.[67] Before 1970, vestments were black except
for the Communion part of the rite when violet was used.[68] If a bishop or abbot celebrates, he
wears a plain mitre (mitra simplex).[69] Before the reforms of the Holy Week liturgies in 1955,
black was used throughout.
The Vespers of Good Friday are only prayed by those who could not attend the Celebration of
the Passion of the Lord.[70]
Three Hours' Agony
The Three Hours' Devotion based on the Seven Last Words from the Cross begins at noon and
ends at 3 pm, the time that the Christian tradition teaches that Jesus died on the cross.[71]
Liturgy
The Good Friday liturgy consists of three parts: the Liturgy

of the Word, the Veneration of the Cross, and the Holy
Communion.
▪ The Liturgy of the Word consists of the clergy and

assisting ministers entering in complete silence, without
any singing. They then silently make a full prostration.
This signifies the abasement (the fall) of (earthly)
humans.[72] It also symbolizes the grief and sorrow of
The Great Intercessions are sung at
the Church.[73] Then follows the Collect prayer, and the
Heiligenkreuz Abbey, Austria
reading or chanting of Isaiah 52:13–53:12, Hebrews
4:14–16, Hebrews 5:7–9, and the Passion account from
the Gospel of John, traditionally divided between three
deacons,[74] yet usually read by the celebrant and two other readers. In the older form of the
Mass known as the Tridentine Mass the readings for Good Friday are taken from Exodus
12:1-11 and the Gospel according to St. John (John 18:1-40); (John 19:1-42).
▪ The Great Intercessions also known as orationes sollemnes immediately follows the Liturgy
of the Word and consists of a series of prayers for the Church, the Pope, the clergy and laity
of the Church, those preparing for baptism, the unity of Christians, the Jews, those who do
not believe in Christ, those who do not believe in God, those in public office, and those in
special need.[75] After each prayer intention, the deacon calls the faithful to kneel for a short
period of private prayer; the celebrant then sums up the prayer intention with a Collect-style
prayer. As part of the pre-1955 Holy Week Liturgy, the kneeling was omitted only for the
prayer for the Jews.[76]
▪ The Adoration of the Cross has a crucifix, not necessarily the one that is normally on or near
the altar at other times of the year, solemnly unveiled and displayed to the congregation,
and then venerated by them, individually if possible and usually by kissing the wood of the
cross, while hymns and the Improperia ("Reproaches") with the Trisagion hymn are chanted.
[77]
▪ Holy Communion is bestowed according to a rite based on that of the final part of Mass,
10 of 29 3/2/2024, 9:58 AM
beginning with the Lord's Prayer, but omitting the ceremony of "Breaking of the Bread" and
its related acclamation, the Agnus Dei. The Eucharist, consecrated at the Evening Mass of
the Lord's Supper on Holy Thursday, is distributed at this service.[78] Before the Holy Week
reforms of Pope Pius XII in 1955, only the priest received Communion in the framework of
what was called the Mass of the Presanctified, which included the usual Offertory prayers,
with the placing of wine in the chalice, but which omitted the Canon of the Mass.[76] The
priest and people then depart in silence, and the altar cloth is removed, leaving the altar
bare except for the crucifix and two or four candlesticks.[79]
Stations of the Cross
In addition to the prescribed

liturgical service, the Stations of
the Cross are often prayed
either in the church or outside,
and a prayer service may be
held from midday to 3.00 pm,
known as the Three Hours'
Agony. In countries such as
Malta, Italy, Philippines, Puerto
Canopy erected at the "Temple of
Rico and Spain, processions
Venus and Rome" during the "Way
with statues representing the
of the Cross" ceremony in Rome.
Passion of Christ are held.
The Way of the Cross,
In Rome, since the papacy of celebrated at the
John Paul II, the heights of the Temple of Venus and Roma and Colosseum in Rome on
their position opposite the main entrance to the Colosseum have Good Friday
been used to good effect as a public address platform. This may be
seen in the photograph below where a red canopy has been erected
to shelter the Pope as well as an illuminated cross, on the occasion of the Way of the Cross
ceremony. The Pope, either personally or through a representative, leads the faithful through
meditations on the stations of the cross while a cross is carried from there to the Colosseum.[80]
Novena to the Divine Mercy
The Novena to the Divine Mercy begins on that day and lasts until the Saturday before the Feast
of Mercy. Both holidays are strictly connected, as the mercy of God flows from the Heart of
Jesus that was pierced on the Cross.[81][82]
Protestant
Lutheran Church
In Lutheran tradition from the 16th to the 20th century, Good Friday was the most important
religious holiday, and abstention from all worldly works was expected. During that time,
Lutheranism had no restrictions on the celebration of the Eucharist on Good Friday; on the
contrary, it was a prime day on which to receive the Eucharist, and services were often
accentuated by special music such as the St Matthew Passion by Johann Sebastian Bach.[83]
More recently, Lutheran liturgical practice has recaptured Good Friday as part of the larger
11 of 29 3/2/2024, 9:58 AM
sweep of the great Three Days:

Maundy Thursday, Good
Friday, and the Vigil of Easter.
The three days remain one
liturgy which celebrates the
death and resurrection of Jesus.
As part of the liturgy of the
three days, Lutherans generally
Good Friday service in a Lutheran fast from the Eucharist on Good
church in Hanover, Germany, 2014. Friday. Rather, it is celebrated
in remembrance of the Last
Supper on Maundy Thursday
and at the Vigil of Easter. One practice among Lutheran churches is
to celebrate a tenebrae service on Good Friday, typically conducted
in candlelight and consisting of a collection of passion accounts
from the four gospels. While being called "Tenebrae" it holds little
resemblance to the now-suppressed Catholic monastic rite of the
The chancel of this
same name.[84]
Lutheran church is adorned
with black paraments on
The Good Friday liturgy appointed in Evangelical Lutheran
Good Friday, the liturgical
Worship, the worship book of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in
colour associated with
America, specifies a liturgy similar to the revised Roman Catholic
Good Friday in the Lutheran
liturgy. A rite for adoration of the crucified Christ includes the
Churches.
optional singing of the Solemn Reproaches in an updated and
revised translation which eliminates some of the anti-Jewish
overtones in previous versions. Many Lutheran churches have Good Friday services, such as the
Three Hours' Agony centered on the remembrance of the "Seven Last Words," sayings of Jesus
assembled from the four gospels, while others hold a liturgy that places an emphasis on the
triumph of the cross, and a singular biblical account of the Passion narrative from the Gospel of
John.
Along with observing a general Lenten fast,[83] many Lutherans emphasize the importance of
Good Friday as a day of fasting within the calendar.[3][4] A Handbook for the Discipline of Lent
recommends the Lutheran guideline to "Fast on Ash Wednesday and Good Friday with only one
simple meal during the day, usually without meat".[85]
Anglican Communion
The 1662 Book of Common Prayer did not specify a particular rite to be observed on Good
Friday but local custom came to mandate an assortment of services, including the Seven Last
Words from the Cross and a three-hour service consisting of Matins, Ante-communion (using
the Reserved Sacrament in high church parishes) and Evensong. In recent times, revised
editions of the Prayer Book and Common Worship have re-introduced pre-Reformation forms
of observance of Good Friday corresponding to those in today's Roman Catholic Church, with
special nods to the rites that had been observed in the Church of England prior to the Henrican,
Edwardian and Elizabethan reforms, including Creeping to the Cross.
Methodist Church
Some Methodist denominations commemorate Good Friday with fasting,[2][86] as well as a

service of worship based on the Seven Last Words from the Cross; this liturgy is known as the
12 of 29 3/2/2024, 9:58 AM
Three Hours Devotion

as it starts at noon and
concludes at 3 pm, the
latter being the time that
Jesus died on the cross.
[87][88]
Altar and cross veiled in a Methodist

On Maundy Thursday,
church on Maundy Thursday in
the altar and the cross
preparation for Good Friday.
are usually veiled in
black for Good Friday,
as black is the liturgical colour for Good Friday in the United
Methodist Church. A wooden cross may sit in front of the
bare chancel.[89]
Moravian Church A United Methodist minister

prostrates at the start of the Good
Moravians hold a Lovefeast on Good Friday as they receive Friday liturgy at Holy Family Church,
Holy Communion on Maundy Thursday. in accordance with the rubrics in the
Book of Worship. The processional
Communicants of the Moravian Church practice the Good cross is veiled in black, the liturgical
Friday tradition of cleaning gravestones in Moravian colour associated with Good Friday
cemeteries.[6] in Methodist Churches.
Reformed Churches
In the Reformed tradition, Good Friday is one of the evangelical feasts and is thus widely
observed with church services, which feature the Solemn Reproaches in the pattern of Psalm 78,
towards the end of the liturgy.[90]
Other Christian traditions
Many Protestant churches hold an Interdenominational service with Lord's Supper. [91]
Associated customs
In many countries and territories with a strong Christian
tradition such as Australia, Bermuda, Brazil, Canada, the
countries of the Caribbean, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica,
Czech Republic, Ecuador, Finland, Germany, Hungary,
Malta, Mexico, New Zealand,[92][93][94] Peru, the
Philippines, Portugal, the Scandinavian countries,
Singapore, Spain, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and
Venezuela, the day is observed as a public or federal holiday.
In the United States, 12 states observe Good Friday as state
holiday: Connecticut, Texas, Delaware, Hawaii, Indiana, Good Friday service in a Catholic
Tennessee, Florida, Kentucky, Louisiana, New Jersey, North church, Ireland
Carolina and North Dakota. One associated custom is strict
adherence to the Black Fast to 3pm or 6pm,[95] where only
water can be consumed or restricted handout of bread, herbs and salt. St. Ambrose, St.
13 of 29 3/2/2024, 9:58 AM
Chrysostom and St. Basil attest to the practice.
The processions of the day, hymns "Crux fidelis" by King John of Portugal, and Eberlin's
"Tenebrae factae sunt", followed by "Vexilla Regis" is sung, translated from Latin as the
standards of the King advance, and then follows a ceremony that is not a real Mass, it is called
the "Mass of the Pre-Sanctified.". This custom is respected also by forgoing the Mass, this is to
take heed to the solemnity of the Sacrifice of Calvary. This is where the host of the prior day is
placed at the altar, incensed, elevated so "that it may be seen by the people" and consumed.
Germany and some other countries have laws prohibiting certain acts, such as dancing and
horse racing, that are seen as profaning the solemn nature of the day.[8][9]
Australia
Good Friday is a holiday under state and territory laws in all states and territories in Australia.
[96] Generally speaking, shops in all Australian states (but not in the two territories of the
Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory) are required to remain closed for the
duration of Good Friday, although there are certain shops which are permitted to open and
other shops can apply for exemptions. All schools and universities close on Good Friday in
Australia, and Good Friday falls within the school holidays in most years in all states and
territories except the Northern Territory, although many states now commence their school
holidays in early April regardless of Easter. In 2018, for example, when Good Friday fell on 30
March, only Queensland and Victoria had school holidays which coincided with Good Friday.
[97] The vast majority of businesses are closed on Good Friday, although many recreational
businesses, such as the Sydney Royal Easter Show, open on Good Friday as among non-
religious families Good Friday is a popular day to indulge in such activities.
Canada
In Canada, Good Friday is a federal statutory holiday. In the

province of Quebec "employers can choose to give the day
off either on Good Friday or Easter Monday."[98]
Cuba
In an online article posted on Catholic News Agency by

Alejandro Bermúdez on 31 March 2012, Cuban President
Raúl Castro, with the Communist Party and his advisers,
decreed that Good Friday that year would be a holiday. This
was Castro's response to a request made personally to him
by Pope Benedict XVI during the latter's Apostolic Visitation
to the island and León, Mexico that month. The move
followed the pattern of small advances in Cuba's relations The descent from the cross,
with the Vatican, mirroring Pope John Paul II's success in commemorated in Vespers of Holy
getting Fidel Castro to declare Christmas Day a holiday.[99] and Great Friday, Greek Orthodox
Both Good Friday and Christmas are now annual holidays in Cathedral in Toronto, Canada
Cuba.
Hong Kong
In Hong Kong, Good Friday was designated a public holiday in the Holidays Ordinance, 1875.
14 of 29 3/2/2024, 9:58 AM
[100]Good Friday continues to be a holiday after the transfer of sovereignty from the UK to
China in 1997.[101] Government offices, banks, post offices and most offices are closed on Good
Friday.
Ireland
In the Republic of Ireland, Good Friday is not an official public holiday, but most non-retail
businesses close for the day. Up until 2018 it was illegal to sell alcoholic beverages on Good
Friday, with some exceptions, so pubs and off-licences generally closed.[102] Critics of the ban
included the catering and tourism sector, but surveys showed that the general public were
divided on the issue.[103][104] In Northern Ireland, a similar ban operates until 5 pm on Good
Friday.[105]
Malaysia
Although Malaysia is a Muslim majority country, Good Friday is declared as a public holiday in
the states of Sabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia as there is a significant Christian indigenous
population in both states.[106]
Malta
The Holy Week commemorations reach their peak on Good Friday

as the Roman Catholic Church celebrates the passion of Jesus.
Solemn celebrations take place in all churches together with
processions in different villages around Malta and Gozo. During the
celebration, the narrative of the passion is read in some localities,
while the Adoration of the Cross follows. Good Friday processions
take place in Birgu, Bormla, Għaxaq, Luqa, Mosta, Naxxar, Paola,
Qormi, Rabat, Senglea, Valletta, Żebbuġ (Città Rohan) and Żejtun.
Processions in Gozo will be in Nadur, Victoria (St. George and
Cathedral), Xagħra and Żebbuġ, Gozo.
New Zealand
Holy Week procession in
In New Zealand, Good Friday is a legal holiday[107] and is a day of Malta
mandatory school closure for all New Zealand state and integrated
schools.[108] Good Friday is also a restricted trading day in New
Zealand, which means that unexempted shops are not permitted to open on this day.[109]
Philippines
In the predominantly Roman Catholic Philippines, the day is commemorated with street
processions, the Way of the Cross, the chanting of the Pasyón, and performances of the
Senákulo or Passion play. Some devotees engage in self-flagellation and even have themselves
crucified as expressions of penance despite health risks and strong disapproval from the
Church.[110]
Church bells are not rung and Masses are not celebrated, while television features movies,
documentaries and other shows focused on the religious event and other topics related to the
15 of 29 3/2/2024, 9:58 AM
Catholic faith, broadcasting mostly religious content. Malls and shops are generally closed, as
are restaurants as it is the second of three public holidays within the week.
After three o'clock in the afternoon (the time at which Jesus is traditionally believed to have
died), the faithful venerate the cross in the local church and follow the procession of the Burial
of Jesus.
In Cebu and many parts of the Visayan Islands, people usually eat binignit and biko as a form of
fasting.[111][112]
Poland
In Polish churches, a tableau of Christ's Tomb is unveiled in the sanctuary. Many of the faithful
spend long hours into the night grieving at the Tomb, where it is customary to kiss the wounds
on the Lord's body. A life-size figure of Jesus lying in his tomb is widely visited by the faithful,
especially on Holy Saturday. The tableaux may include flowers, candles, figures of angels
standing watch, and the three crosses atop Mt Calvary, and much more. Each parish strives to
come up with the most artistically and religiously evocative arrangement in which the Blessed
Sacrament, draped in a filmy veil, is prominently displayed.
Singapore
Good Friday is a public holiday in Singapore.[113][114]
Spain
United Kingdom
In the UK, Good Friday was historically a common law holiday and
is recognised as an official public holiday[116] (also known as a Bank
Holiday). All state schools are closed and most businesses treat it as
a holiday for staff; however, many retail stores now remain open.
Government services in Northern Ireland operate as normal on
Good Friday, substituting Easter Tuesday for the holiday.
There has traditionally been no horse racing on Good Friday in the

UK. However, in 2008, betting shops and stores opened for the
first time on this day[117] and in 2014 Lingfield Park and
Musselburgh staged the UK's first Good Friday race meetings.[118]
[119] The BBC has for many years introduced its 7 am News Nazarenos wearing
capirotes, in Málaga, Spain
broadcast on Radio 4 on Good Friday with a verse from Isaac
Watts' hymn "When I Survey the Wondrous Cross".
The tradition of Easter plays include 1960 Eastertime performance of Good Friday: A Play in
Verse (1916) Artists Ursula O'Leary (Procula), and William Devlin as Pontius Pilate, perform
with the atmospheric sound effects of the BBC Radiophonic Workshop. The Hugh Stewart
production for the Home Service used soundware such as the EMS Synthi 100 and ARP Odyssey
l.[120]
16 of 29 3/2/2024, 9:58 AM
United States
In the United States, Good Friday is not a government

holiday at the federal level; however, individual states,
counties and municipalities may observe the holiday. Good
Friday is a state holiday in Connecticut,[121] Delaware,[122]
Florida,[123] Hawaii,[124] Indiana,[125] Kentucky (half-day),
[126] Louisiana,[127] New Jersey,[128] North Carolina,[129]
North Dakota,[130] Tennessee[131] and Texas.[132][133] State Hot cross buns are traditionally
and local government offices and courts are closed, as well toasted and eaten on Good Friday in
as some banks and post offices in these states, and in those Britain, Canada, Australia and New
counties and municipalities where Good Friday is observed Zealand.[115]
as a holiday. Good Friday is also a holiday in the U.S.
territories of Guam,[134] U.S. Virgin Islands[135] and Puerto
Rico.[136]
The stock markets are closed on Good Friday,[137][138] but the foreign exchange and bond
trading markets open for a partial business day.[139][140] Most retail stores remain open, while
some of them may close early. Public schools and universities are often closed on Good Friday,
either as a holiday of its own, or as part of spring break. The postal service operates, and banks
regulated by the federal government do not close for Good Friday.[141]
In some governmental contexts Good Friday has been referred to by a generic name such as
"spring holiday".[142][143][144] In 1999, in the case of Bridenbaugh v. O'Bannon, an Indiana state
employee sued the governor for giving state employees Good Friday as a day off. The US
Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals ruled against the plaintiff, stating that the government could
give state employees a paid day off when that day is a religious holiday, including Good Friday,
but only so long as the state can provide a valid secular purpose that coincides with the obvious
religious purpose of the holiday.[145]
Calculating the date

Good Friday is the Friday before Easter, which is calculated differently in Eastern Christianity
and Western Christianity (see Computus for details). Easter falls on the first Sunday following
the Paschal Full Moon, the full moon on or after 21 March, taken to be the date of the vernal
equinox. The Western calculation uses the Gregorian calendar, while the Eastern calculation
uses the Julian calendar, whose 21 March now corresponds to the Gregorian calendar's 3 April.
The calculations for identifying the date of the full moon also differ.
In Eastern Christianity, Easter can fall between 22 March and 25 April on Julian Calendar (thus
between 4 April and 8 May in terms of the Gregorian calendar, during the period 1900 and
2099), so Good Friday can fall between 20 March and 23 April, inclusive (or between 2 April
and 6 May in terms of the Gregorian calendar).
17 of 29 3/2/2024, 9:58 AM
Dates for Good Friday

2017–2031
In Gregorian dates
Year Western Eastern
2017 April 14
2018 March 30 April 6
2019 April 19 April 26

Good Friday and other named days and day ranges around Lent
and Easter in Western Christianity, with the fasting days of Lent 2022 April 15 April 22
numbered 2023 April 7 April 14
2024 March 29 May 3

Cultural references 2025 April 18

Good Friday assumes a particular importance in the plot of Richard
Wagner's music drama Parsifal, which contains an orchestral 2027 March 26 April 30
interlude known as the "Good Friday Music".[146] 2028 April 14
2029 March 30 April 6

Memoration on Wednesday of the
Holy Week 2031 April 11
Some Baptist congregations,[147] the Philadelphia Church of God,

[148] and some non-denominational churches oppose the observance of Good Friday, regarding
it as a so-called "papist" tradition, and instead observe the Crucifixion of Jesus on Wednesday to
coincide with the Jewish sacrifice of the Passover Lamb (which some/many Christians believe is
an Old Testament pointer to Jesus Christ). A Wednesday Crucifixion of Jesus allows for him to
be in the tomb ("heart of the earth") for three days and three nights as he told the Pharisees he
would be (Matthew 12:40), rather than two nights and a day (by inclusive counting, as was the
norm at that time) if he had died on a Friday.[149][150]
Further support for a Wednesday crucifixion based on Matthew 12:40 includes the Jewish belief
that death was not considered official until the beginning of the fourth day, which is disallowed
with the traditional Friday afternoon to Sunday morning period of time. As "the Jews require a
sign" (1 Corinthians 1:22), the resurrection of Christ is thus invalidated with the shorter interval,
since it can thus be claimed that Christ could have only 'swooned,' rather than actually died.
See also
Christianity portal
Holidays portal
▪ Good Friday Prayer

▪ Good Friday Prayer for the Jews
▪ Easter season
▪ Passion (music)
18 of 29 3/2/2024, 9:58 AM
▪ Ascension of Jesus
▪ Life of Jesus in the New Testament
▪ Salvation in Christianity
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26. John 19:17–22)
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30. Luke 23:50–52
31. John 19:39–40
32. Mark 15:44
33. John 19:34
34. Mark 15:45
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36. John 3:1
37. Matthew 27:60
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Further reading
▪ Bellarmine, Robert (1902). "Good Friday: The Passion of Our Lord Jesus Christ." (https://e
n.wikisource.org/wiki/Sermons_from_the_Latins/Sermon_24). Sermons from the Latins.
Benziger Brothers.
▪ Gilmartin, Thomas Patrick (1909). "Good Friday" (https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_En
cyclopedia_(1913)/Good_Friday). In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia.
Vol. 6. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
External links
▪ The Eastern Orthodox commemoration of Holy Friday (https://web.archive.org/web/2011060
7102453/http://www.oca.org/OCchapter.asp?SID=2&ID=74) (archived 7 June 2011)
▪ Great Friday (https://web.archive.org/web/20160303215940/http://transfig.orthodoxws.com/fi
les/Bulgakov/0543.pdf) instructions from S. V. Bulgakov's Handbook for Church Servers
(Russian Orthodox Church) (archived 3 March 2016)
▪ Episcopal Good Friday Service (http://www.liturgies.net/Lent/GoodFriday.htm)
▪ Who, What, Why: Why is Good Friday called Good Friday? (https://www.bbc.com/news/blog
s-magazine-monitor-27067136)
▪ Good Friday (https://www.timeanddate.com/holidays/common/good-friday)
▪ "Mayor wants 'draconian' Good Friday booze ban lifted before 1916 centenary" (http://www.i
ndependent.ie/irish-news/politics/mayor-wants-draconian-good-friday-booze-ban-lifted-befor
e-1916-centenary-31098746.html). Independent.ie. 27 March 2015. Retrieved 25 March
2016.
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Members of many Christian denominations, including the

Other languages 2025 date April 18 (Western)

Conflicting testimony against Jesus was brought forth by many

Coming before the crowd one last time, Pilate declared

Matins of Holy and Great Friday

The first of these twelve readings[43] is the longest Gospel reading

Today He who hung the earth upon the waters is hung

The readings are:

9. John 19:25–37 – Jesus dies.

The next day, in the forenoon on Friday, all gather again to

Vespers of Holy and Great Friday

In the afternoon, around 3 pm, all gather for the Vespers of

▪ Exodus 33:11-23 - God shows Moses His glory

against them that fight against Me.'

The Aposticha reflects on the burial of Christ. Either at this

Noble Joseph, taking down Thy most pure body

Matins of Holy and Great Saturday

A unique feature of the

They consist of 185 tercet antiphons arranged in three parts

The Evlogitaria (Benedictions) of the Resurrection are sung

Lauds follows, and its stichera take the form of a funeral

The Catholic Church regards Good Friday and Holy

Services on the day

Three Hours' Agony

The Good Friday liturgy consists of three parts: the Liturgy

▪ The Liturgy of the Word consists of the clergy and

Stations of the Cross

In addition to the prescribed

Novena to the Divine Mercy

sweep of the great Three Days:

Some Methodist denominations commemorate Good Friday with fasting,[2][86] as well as a

Three Hours Devotion

Altar and cross veiled in a Methodist

Moravian Church A United Methodist minister

Other Christian traditions

Chrysostom and St. Basil attest to the practice.

In Canada, Good Friday is a federal statutory holiday. In the

In an online article posted on Catholic News Agency by

The Holy Week commemorations reach their peak on Good Friday

Good Friday is a public holiday in Singapore.[113][114]

There has traditionally been no horse racing on Good Friday in the

In the United States, Good Friday is not a government

Calculating the date

Dates for Good Friday

Year Western Eastern

2018 March 30 April 6

2019 April 19 April 26

2020 April 10 April 17

2021 April 2 April 30

2024 March 29 May 3

2026 April 3 April 10

2029 March 30 April 6

Some Baptist congregations,[147] the Philadelphia Church of God,

▪ Good Friday Prayer

88. "Christians mark Good Friday" (https://web.archive.org/web/20080330184414/http://www.ref

101. "GovHK: General holidays for 2007 – 2022" (https://www.gov.hk/en/about/abouthk/holiday/).

136. "Puerto Rican Holidays" (http://www.topuertorico.org/reference/holi.shtml). Topuertorico.org.

149. "The Cradle & the Cross (original)" (http://www.thebereancall.org/node/5889).

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Good_Friday&oldid=1199214369"

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