Lap Top Repair Book Chapter 4chapter20 Analysis of The Laptop Battery Charging Circuit

第 Chapter 20
Analysis of the laptop battery charging circuit
There are all kinds of laptop charging chip,but it can be divided into two categories
usually,first,is the old charging chip used under the Intel1965 platform,the representative mode l is
MAX1772;second,is the new charging chip used above Intel GM45 platform,uses SMBUS to
transfer the charging instruction,the representative model are ISL88731 and others.Next,analyze
respectively the working principle of two kinds of charging chip.
Analysis of charging chip MAX1772 used usually under Intel 965GM platform
MAX1772 is the charger with high integration density,low cost and more chemical battery
brought out by Maxim company of USA,it can form the battery charger with high precision and
high efficiency by taking advantage of it.MAX1772 also posses the function of the adapter
detection.MAX1772 has the following features:
Input current limit;
The precision of output voltage is about 0.7%;
Can provide the charging current more than 4A;
The efficiency has a maximum of 95%;
The duty cycle has a maximum of 99.99%;
The application range is wide,is suitable for
Li+,NiCd,NiMH battery charging;
The maximum battery voltage can reach to 18.2V;
Low cost;
The charging current and the charging voltage can be
controlled by the analog input.
MAX1772 uses double row 28 pin packaging,,the top view
of the pin permutation is shown in figure 20-1.
The pin definition of MAX1772 is shown in table 20-1.
Table 20-1 the pin definition of MAX1772
引名
定义
脚称
1 DCIN 电源输入引脚
线性电压。它将 DCIN 脚输入的电压经线性调节后输出 5.4V，使用
2 LDO
时此脚与地之间应接一只 1μF 的旁路电容
续表
引名
定义
脚称
3 CLS 适配器电流限制输入
笔记本电脑维修不是事儿
4 REF 4.096V 基准电压输出

5 CCS 充电补偿电容连接端
6 CCI 输出电流调节回路补偿端
7 CCV 电压调节回路补偿端
8 GND 模拟地
9 GND 模拟地
电池充电电流信号放大输出，当工作模式从电压模式转到电流模式
10 ICHG
时，此端可用于监视和显示充电电流的大小
11 ACIN 适配器电压检测
AC 检测输出，为漏极开路输出形式。当 ACIN 电压低于 REF/2 时此
12 ACOK
脚开漏输出
REFI
13 基准输入
N
充电电流控制。电压范围为 REFIN/32～REFIN。若小于 REFIN/55，
14 ICTL
芯片停止充电
15 VCTL 最大输出电压设定端输入。电压范围为 0～REFIN
CELL 电池串联数设定端，此脚接地时，设定为两节串联，接 LDO 时设定为
16
S 4 节串联，LDO/2 时为 3 节串联
17 BATT 电池电压输入引脚
18 CSIN 输出电流检测输入负端
19 CSIP 输出电流检测输入正端。应用时与 CSIN 脚之间接一只电流检测电阻
20 PGND 功率地
21 DLO 下管驱动输出端。此端与下管的 G 极相连
22 DLOV 下管驱动器电源连接端
23 LX 上管的电源回路端。此端与上管的 S 极及电感相连
24 DHI 上管驱动输出端。此端与上管的 G 极相连
25 BST 上管驱动连接端。使用时此脚与 LX 脚间连接一只 1μF 的电容
26 CSSN 适配器电流检测负端
27 CSSP 适配器电流检测正端
28 IINP 适配器输入电流监控输出
1 the power input pin

2 the linear voltage.It makes the voltage input by DCIN pin to output 5.4V after being
adjusted by the linear,during using,it should connect a shunt capacity with 1μF between this pin
and the ground.
3 the adapter current limit input
4 4.096V reference voltage output
5 charge compensation capacitor connection
354
第 20 章笔记本电脑电池充电电路分析
6 the output current regulation loop compensation end

7 voltage regulation loop compensation end
8 analog ground
9 analog ground
10 the battery charging signal amplification output,when the working mode converts
from the voltage model to the current mode,this end can be used to monitor and display the size of
the charge current.
11 the adapter voltage detection
12 AC detection output,is the open drain output form.When ACIN voltage is less than
REF/2,this pin open drain outputs.
13 the reference input
14 the charging current control.The range of voltage is REFIN/32-REFIN.If its less than
REFIN/55.the chip stops charging.
15 the maximum output voltage setting input.The range of voltage is 0-REFIN.
16 the battery serial number setting end,when this pin connects the ground,sets to be
two series,when it connects LDO,sets to be four series,when it connects LDO/2,sets to be three
series.
17 the battery voltage output pin
18 the output current detection input negative terminal
19 the output current detection input positive terminal.During using,it should connect a
current detection resistance between CSIN pin.
20 the power ground
21 down tube driving output end.This end connects with the G pole of the down tube
22 the down tube drive power connecting terminal
23 the power loop end of the top tube.This end connects with the S pole of the top tube
and the inductance.
24 the top tube drive output end.This end connects with the G pole of the top tube.
25 the top tube drive connection end.During using,it should connect a capacitance with
1μF between this pin and LX pin,
26 the adapter current detection negative terminal
27 the adapter current detection positive terminal
28 the adapter input current monitor output
Application circuit
In this section,we mainly introduces the application of MAX1772 in Quanta CT6,is shown in
figure 20-2.
The battery interface signal of CT6 is shown in figure 20-3,the explanation of signal is below.
MBDATA,MBCLK:the system management bus data and clock.
355
TEMP_MBAT:battery over temperature indicator.

MBAT+:the main voltage of the battery interface
MBATV:the battery voltage sampling point,the sampling voltage is sent to EC,EC judges the
fault.
Figure 20-2 the application of MAX1772 in CT6
356
Figure 20-3 the battery interface signal of CT6
The working process:

MAX1772 通过 CELLS 和 VCTL 设定好充电电压。EC 通过系统管理总线读取到电池
参数后，发出充电电流设置信号 CC-SET 至
充电芯片的 ICTL 脚，MAX1772 收到 ICTL
后，开始按照设定的电压和电流给电池充电，
通过充电电流检测电阻检测充电电流。CELL
引脚的MAX1772 through CELLS and VCTL
sets the charging voltage.EC through the system management bus reads the battery parameter,then
sends the charging current setting signal CC-SET to ICTL pin of the charging chip,after
MAX1772 receiving ICTL,starts to charge the battery according to the set voltage and
current,through charging current detection resistance to detect the charging current.The setting of
CELL pin is shown in figure 20-4,when the voltage of CELLS pin is less than 0.2V,sets to be 2
core;when the voltage of CELLS pin is higher than 0.4V and is less than the voltage reduce 0.5V
of LDO pin,sets to be 3 core;when the voltage of CELLS is higher than the voltage reduce 0.25V
of LDO pin,sets to be 4 core.
The calculation of the charging voltage:according to the figure 20-2,we can know that
CELLS is from the partial pressure of 1772_5.4V,is set to be 3 core,REFIN is connected to
3VPCU(3.3V),VCTL gets 0.848V by the partial pressure of REF4.09.According to the
formula(20.1),we can calculate that the charging voltage is 12.6V.As the following.
 V V 
VBATT = CELLS × VREF +  REF × VCTL  （20.1）
  10 VREFIN 
 (
VBATT = 3 ×  4.096 + 4.096 × 0.848 
10 3.3  )
VBATT = 3 × (4.096 + 0.105)
VBATT = 3 × 4.20
VBATT = 12.6
The calculation of the charging current:in the figure 20-2,the charging current detection
resistance PR112(is RS2 in the formula(20.2) is 0.05Ω.According to the formula(20.2),it only
needs to change VICTL,then the charging current can be changed.
VREF VICTL
I CHG = × × 1
RS2 VREFIN 20
If VICTL sent by EC is 1V voltage,then we can calculate that the charging current is 1.24A.
357
I CHG = 4.096 × 1 × 1
0.05 3.3 20
I CHG = 4.096 × 1
3.3
I CHG = 1.24
Analysis of the charging chip ISL88731 used usually by the above Intel GM45
ISL88731 is the lithium ion battery charger controller with highly integrated produced by
Intersil company,it can program through the system management bus.It is different from the
traditional charging chip,ISL88731 though SMBUS communicates with EC to control
charging,SMBUS connects the battery interface,EC and the charging chip at the same time.The
charging voltage,charging current,charging enable and other control signals are transmitted
through SMBUS,no VCTL,VICTL and other pins.ISL88731 has two functions of the adapter
detection and charging control.The main features of ISL88731:
0.5% battery voltage accuracy;
3% adapter current limiting accuracy;
3% charging current accuracy;
2 wire serial interface of SMBUS;
Battery short circuit protection;
Quick response pulse charging;
Rapid system load transient response;
Adapter detection output,the adapter current monitor output;
The maximum battery charging current 8A;
The maximum current 11A of the adapter;
+8～+28V the range of the adapter voltage.
ISL88731 uses 28 pin TQFN packaging,5mm*5mm,the thickness is only 0.8mm.The top
view of ISL88731 pin name is shown in figure 20-5.
Figure 20-5 the top view of ISL88731 pin name
358
The pin definition of ISL88731 is shown in table 20-2.
Table 20-2 the pin definition of ISL88731
1 the vacant pin
2 AC adapter detection input end.From the power adapter voltage dividing into voltage through
two resistances.
3 the reference voltage output,the standard value is 3.2V.
4 the charging current compensation point and the adapter current regulation loop
5 the vacant pin
6 the compensation point voltage regulation loop
7 the vacant pin
8 inputs the current detection output,the voltage of ICM is equal to 20 times of (VCSSP_VCSSN)
9 the system management bus
10 the system management bus
11 the system management bus module power supply
12 ground connection
13 the adapter detection output.When ACIN is higher than 3.2V,ACOK signal open drain
outputs the high level,needs for external pulling up.
14 the vacant pin
15 the battery voltage feedback
16 the vacant pin
17 the charging current detection negative input terminal
359
18 the charging current detection positive input terminal
19 ground connection
20 the G pole driver signal of the charging down tube
21 the linear voltage of 5.2V output
22 the main power supply input
23 the phase pin,the top tube driving loop
24 the G pole driver signal of the charging top tube
25 boot-strap send,supplies power to the driver of the top tube
26 internal artificial circuit power supply,through 4.7Ω resistance connects VCC with VDDP
27 the adapter current detection negative input end
28 the adapter current detection positive input end.

脚名
定义
位称
1 NC 空脚
AC 适配器检测输入端。从电源适配器电压通过两个电阻分压输入
2 ACIN
而来
3 VREF 基准电压输出，标准值 3.2V
4 ICOMP 充电电流补偿点和适配器电流调节回路
5 NC 空脚
VCOM
6 补偿点电压调节回路
P
7 NC 空脚
8 ICM 输入电流检测输出，ICM 电压等于（VCSSP-VCSSN）的 20 倍
9 SDA 系统管理总线
续表
脚名
定义
位称
10 SCL 系统管理总线
VDDS
11 系统管理总线模块供电
MB
12 GND 接地
13 ACOK 适配器检测输出。当 ACIN 大于 3.2V 时，ACOK 信号开漏输出高
360
电平，需外部上拉
14 NC 空脚
15 VFB 电池电压反馈
16 NC 空脚
17 CSON 充电电流检测负输入端
18 CSOP 充电电流检测正输入端
19 PGND 接地
20 LGATE 充电下管的 G 极驱动信号
21 VDDP 5.2V 的线性电压输出
22 DCIN 主供电输入
23 PHASE 相位脚，上管驱动回路
UGAT
24 充电上管的 G 极驱动信号
E
25 BOOT 自举升压端，给上管的驱动器供电
26 VCC 内部模拟电路供电，通过 4.7Ω电阻把 VCC 和 VDDP 相连
27 CSSN 适配器电流检测负输入端
28 CSSP 适配器电流检测正输入端
The typical application of ISL88731is shown in figure 20-6.
Figure 20-6 the typical application of ISL88731
In the figure 20-6:the explanation of the working process of ISL88731:

After the adapter switching in,and through the body diode sends to DCIN pin,supplies main
power to the chip;at the same time,through the resistance dividing into voltage sends to ACIN pin.
The chip internal linear regulator block outputs 5.2V linear voltage from the chip VDDP,and
through the resistance supplies the main power supply to VCC.
The chip internal produces the reference voltage with 3.2V.
After ACIN being higher than 3.2V,the chip open drain outputs ACOK,is pulled up to be high
level by VCC.
361
HOST(EC) through SCL,SDA communicate with the battery interface,when the battery is
low,EC through SDA,SCL transmits the charging voltage,the charging current,the charging enable
and other control instruction to ISL88731.
The chip starts to drive the charging top tube and down tube conducted in turn,outputs the
voltage to charge the battery.
ISL88731 through VFB monitors the charging voltage,through CSOP and CSON monitors
the charging current.
The chip through CSSP and CSSN monitors the current RS1 flows,that is the adapter
current.Enlarge the value of “CSSP-CSSN”20 times through the chip internal,and outputs from
ICM to send to EC,informs EC the size of the complete machine input current at present.
According to the power dissipation of the total power of the adapter and the system operation
currently,EC adjusts the size of the charging current properly,to prevent that the charging power is
too high and exceeds the adapter output limiting,then it will cause the adapter burning because of
overload.
362
Chapter 21
Maintenance of common failures
The failure of the laptop can be divided into the following categories.
Short trouble,usually lead to the chip burning hot,burning,etc,it will
seriously damage the adapter.
Not boot failure,also known as “no trigger” fault.It means that the
laptop can not power up,that is,press the start button,the laptop has not
any boot phenomenon,for example,power light and hard drive indicator
lamp does not light,CPU pan does not turn,as did not press the start button.
Power down faults,is generally divided into power down in the
moment of starting up,power down after starting up for a few seconds to
tens of seconds,power down irregularly during using,etc.
No lights when starting up,also called “the black screen” fault.It
means that the display does not display after starting up.It can be
subdivided into does not run code fault,common code fault,screen display
fault,etc.
Interface fault,it refers to the fault of the sound card,the network
card,USB,the hard disk CD-ROM,the fan and other interfaces.
Crash fault,it means that its usually crashing,blue screen and restarting
第 21 章常见故障维修
during using.
Short trouble
The short trouble of the laptop usually can be divided into the short
circuit of the adapter input voltage,the short circuit of VIN main
voltage,the short circuit of the South bridge and the North bridge and the
short circuit of other voltage.
The short circuit of the motherboard voltage will cause a sharp
increase in the current,after the motherboard powering up,we generally
use the DC regulated power supply to observe the changes of the current
and determine whether there is a short circuit or not.In general,the
standby current of the laptop motherboard is 0.01A-0.06A,some
motherboards are 0.09A,its not the fixed standard.If connects the DC
regulated power supply,the current is about 5A,it use the power
adapter,the LED indicator on the power adapter will flash,this kind of
phenomenon is generally the short circuit of the input voltage of the DC
regulated power supply.If connects the DC regulated power supply,the
standby current is increased,at this time,you need to measure some
voltage points of the motherboard,to determine whether the motherboard
361
been triggered causes the current increasing or not,it not,then is
outage,use the universal meter to measure the diode value of each voltage.
In actual maintenance,if we haven’t the corresponding the laptop
motherboard drawing,its difficult to measure the short circuit of some
voltages.We know that the main voltage of the laptop is produced by the
adapter being input,then through the conversion of the PWM
circuit.So,since its the PWM circuit to supply power,it must have the
inductance to store energy,so wen can measure the inductance on the
laptop motherboard,to confirm that these important voltage is short circuit
or not.
Generally speaking,the diode value of these inductance to the ground
should not be less than 100,most of them should be more than 130.1.05V
of the front side bus power supply of the mother board is special,the value
of resistance of this voltage is relatively low in some motherboard,is only
more than 20.And the power supply of the independent graphics
card,because of the special of CPU chip,the value of resistance of this
power supply is also low,is less than 10 for the below of G8* series,is
even a few to 5 for the above of G9 series.It's worth nothing that the diode
value of some voltage points to the ground on the motherboard is very
362
low,for example,on the Intel PM965,the impedance between both ends of
three capacitors is zero,which is normal.Some voltages are even semi-
short circuit,for example,the diode value of 500 to the ground is short
circuit to 200,in the actual repairing,like the voltage short circuit to the
half,its difficult to determine whether its short circuit or not,sometimes we
need to rely on actual maintenance experience and compare with the good
board to judge.
Detect that one voltage is short circuit,should disconnect the
production circuit and the load circuit of the voltage first,then determine
which part caused the short circuit.
But how to disconnect,in general,if the power supply method is
PWM,there have the design of the isolation point on the laptop
motherboard.The isolation point,which is in the process of production of
the motherboard,design a artificial open circuit on the circuit of the some
voltage,and this open circuit is connected by tin in normal
circumstances.This open circuit is usually back of the power supply
inductance,if we found that some voltage is short circuit,we can use the
solder wick to remove the tin on the corresponding isolation
point,thus,renewing the open circuit state,then artificially disconnect the
363
load circuit and power supply circuit.
If there is not the design of isolation point on the repaired
motherboard,then we should disconnect the inductance of PWM
circuit,use the soldering iron to lever the side of the inductance,also can
realize the open circuit,but we should note that when we disconnect
it,don’t lever the inductance too high,if make it too high,it will damage
the inductance.
Some voltages converts to be each voltage required by the
motherboard through the conversion of MOS tube.If there is not the
corresponding circuit diagram,its difficult to determine that some
voltages(as the voltage converted through MOS tube) are short circuit
or not,only by the method of running the line to judge usually.
Next,we take the the short circuit of 3V voltage of DV1000
motherboard an example,to state the maintenance method of short
circuit of the laptop motherboard.
For the short circuit of the laptop motherboard,we need to determine
that its the production end of the internal circuit being short circuit or the
external load end being short circuit.The production of 3V voltage of
DV1000 is got from the standby voltage 3VCPU converting through
364
PQ143,the G pole of PQ143 is controlled by MAIND signal,is shown in
figure 21-1.
In the actual measurement,the diode value of 3V voltage point is 3,is
obviously short circuit.
Cock the first pin of PQ143,determine +3Vvoltage that its the
internal production voltage end being short circuit or the load end being
short circuit,is shown in figure 21-2.
Figure 21-1 the production circuit of DV1000 3V voltage
Figure 21-2 disconnect the connection of internal voltage production
end and external load end
By the actual measurement,the external load end of this board 3V
voltage is short circuit,the impedance of the internal production voltage
end is normal.
Check the circuit diagram,skim the place where +3V load end used
365
first
The method of excluding the short circuit is below.
Method 1:exclude the short circuit one by one(elapsed time,safety).
Like the desktop motherboard,there are a lot of places to use +3V in
the laptop,and we start to remove from the most possible places.This
method is relatively elapsed time,but its the most secure.Of course,+3V is
short circuit,we usually remove the South bridge first.The South bridge
uses +3V at most.
Method 2:power up(relatively adventure,be used with caution).
Connects two wires from the DC power adapter,and adjust the
appropriate voltage,one end is grounded,and one end is connected with
the voltage point of the short circuit.In principle,the selection range of the
voltage and current is the smaller the better,mainly to avoid burning
plate,sometimes,the short circuit is repaired,but the motherboard does not
start up.The DC regulated power supply adjusts the appropriate voltage
and current,is shown in figure 21-3.
366
Figure 21-3 the DC regulated power supply adjusts the appropriate
voltage and current
After the motherboard powering up,because the current of the short
circuit is large,the next action should be fast.Felt the motherboard rapidly
to check if there is the special hot component,in general,the component
with short circuit will be burning hot after powering up,after removing the
hot components,use the universal meter to measure the diode value of the
short circuit point again.It may burn out the motherboard in this
method,so please use with caution.
Method 3:electric shock
This method is similar to the method 2,but about this method,adjust
the voltage and the current of the DC regulated power supply at the same
time,one of the wire connected to the ground,and one end connected to
the short circuit,with a strong voltage and strong current to breakdown the
short circuit point.Because the voltage and the current are high,it has a
great influence to components on the motherboard,so its usually not used.
367
3V of this board is short circuit,after powering up by the second
method,touch the South bridge,and the South bridge is very hot.After
removing the South bridge,measure that the impedance of 3V
measurement point has been normal.After changing the South bridge,this
board is repaired.
Do not trigger fault
In this section,takes DV1000 as an example to introduce the basic
maintenance thought and the maintenance process of the not trigger fault.
Get the motherboard,we should do a simple appearance inspection
first,then check the value of a few large inductance of the
motherboard,judge that if its obvious short circuit.
Plug in the regulated power supply to observe the standby current,in
general,the normal standby current is 0.01-0.03A,no standby current is
usually VIN voltage 19V without output or the standby circuit fault.If the
standby current is too large,then the part of load is short circuit fault.If
there is a short circuit,refer to the arrange distinguish method of the short
circuit fault in the 21.1 section to service.The voltage of DV1000 are VIN
input
voltage,+3VPCU,+5VPCU,3V_S5,5V_S5,1.5V_S5,3VSUS,5VSUS,2.5V
368
SUS,+3V,+5V,+2.5V,+1.5V,VCCP(1.05V),SMDDR-VREF,SMDDR-
VTERM,VCORE.
As shown in figure 21-4,checks VIN voltage whether there is a 19V
voltage or not,if there is no VIN voltage,checks the isolation protection
circuit.
Figure 21-4 DV1000 isolation protection circuit
After VIN power supply 19V being normal,measure that the standby
voltage 3VPCU and 5VPCU are normal or not,if there is no standby
voltage,checks the standby voltage circuit.The real object of the standby
circuit is shown in figure 21-5.
If the standby voltage 3VPCU and 5VPCU are normal,measures that
if there is 3V high level on the power button NBSWON# signal pin,and if
its low level when press the switch.The measurement point of the power
369
button is shown in figure 21-6.
Figure 21-5 the real object of the standby voltage circuit
Figure 21-6 the real object of the power button of DV1000
Measure that if the crystal Y8 of the South bridge crystal Y10 and EC
PC97551 starts oscillation(shown in figure 21-7),and if the waveform of
the oscillation starting is normal,if the frequency is 32.768kHz.
Measure that if the chip selection waveform of the chip selection CS#
end of the 30 pin of BIOS is normal,and if the waveform of the data
address wire is normal.If EC can’t read the data in the BIOS,or reads data
error,it will also cause that EC is not working properly.Lead to not
370
trigger.If the measurement is not normal,checks the working condition of
the BIOS and X-BUS circuit of EC communication,brushes the BIOS
procedure.
Measure if there is low level to high level after the DNBSWON#
signal of EC PC97551 pressing the switch.
Measure that if the RSMRST# signal(shown in figure 21-9) sent by
EC PC97551 to the South bridge is normal.If its not normal,checks EC
PC97551 and the relative circuit of the South bridge.
Figure 21-7 measure the crystal waveform of EC PC97551
Figure 21-8 measure the selection waveform of CS# end of BOS
Figure 21-9 RSMRST# signal of DV1000
We also need to check INTVRMEN and BATLOW# and other
signals.We can refer to the drawing to find out the measurement point of
371
the signal to determine that if there are normal.
During servicing,we need to combine the specific circuit according to
the power on sequence of DV1000,to analyze flexibility,can not apply
mechanically,or you will fall into the confusion of the maintenance.
Power down fault
In general,the system power off and close down automatically,and
other related bad phenomenon,which are collectively known as the failure
of power down,which is divided into shut down automatically in the
adapter state,shut down automatically in the battery state,shut down
automatically during operating,shut down automatically when puts the
hard disk drive,etc.
Power down faults are subdivided into the following categories.
Power down at any time
The voltage value of RTCRST# is low,which will cause power down
at any time.
The temperature control circuit detects the power down at any time
caused by the over-temperature protection(CPU or graphics card cooling
fin is not installed good or the air outlet is blocking) and the self-trouble
of the temperature control circuit,the fault point is usually on the
372
temperature control circuit of CPU core voltage power supply MOS tube
of CPU temperature,the motherboard temperature control,the graphics
card temperature control and certain plate cut.
For example,the line fault between MBATV of Quanta motherboard
battery to EC,prevents EC from sampling the battery voltage,will also
power down at any time during the battery discharging.
The instant power down
Because some important voltages on the motherboard can’t produce,it
causes the under-voltage protection,which causes the instant power
down.The fault usually shows as power off once power-on,can’t use the
universal meter to measure the relative voltage, the working voltage of the
South bridge,the North bridge and CPU usually appeared.
For example,the under-voltage protection signal HWPG in the Quanta
motherboard,in the process of the trigger power on,if EC detects that
HWPG signal can’t be produced,then will close instantly the sending of
all voltage opening signals,which causes the instant power down.
For example,FORCE_OFF#(the temperature control and the under-
voltage) of ASUS,PWRSHUTDOWN#(the temperature control and the
under-voltage) and THERM_STP#(the temperature control and the under-
373
voltage) have the same meaning with HWPG,they can be used for under-
voltage detection.
For example,EMC4000,EMC4001,EMC2102 of DELL and other
temperature control circuit external of the temperature sensing diode is
broken,which can also cause the motherboard power down when starting
up or power down after starting up and displayed.
There is a short circuit caused by the instant power down,for
example,in the Quanta motherboard,3VPCU voltage converted to be
3VSUS voltage and 3V voltage after powering on,if the secondary
voltage(such as 3V voltage) is short circuit to the ground,then when
power on triggered,3VPCU will cause the short circuit.Once MAX8734A
and other standby power chips detect that there is the short circuit in the
final stages,then entered the output discharging mode,closed the output of
3VPCU and 5VPCU voltage,causing the motherboard power down.
The instant power down caused by being not detect CPU
In the IBM laptop,using MAX1989,MAX6689 and other temperature
control chips,which external thermal diode can’t be open circuit(for
example,when CPU is not installed),or the temperature control chip will
be thought too warm,directly caused that connects low
374
PWRSHUTDOWN# when power on,and power down instantly.
Being equipped with the working condition of CPU,but it can not
work normally,the chipset automatic protection causes power down,the
fault usually shows as 00,FF power down.
This kind of fault is usually caused by the bus abnormity between
CPU and GMCH,GMCH and ICH,ICH and BIOS,about the maintenance
method,please refer to the maintenance method of not running code.In
addition,after triggering,the boot pin voltage is pulled low,which also lead
to 4s power down,please note the measurement of the boot pin voltage.
Power down caused by THERMTRIP#;power down when enter the
system
THERMTRIP# is the over-temperature indicator signal sent by CPU
and GMCH to ICH,after ICH receiving THERMTRIP# effective
signal,closes all voltage on the motherboard within 0.5s.So,when CPU or
GMCH is over-temperature,can inform ICH to power down instantly,and
achieve the chipset protection.power down when enter the system,which
is usually caused by THERMTRIP# signal open circuit sent by CPU or
GMCH to ICH.
Power down at any time caused by the smoothing of CPU power
375
supply voltage being bad
This kind of fault is mostly caused by CPU filter capacitor being
bad,we can observe the filtering effect of CPU voltage through the
oscilloscope.This fault is usually appeared on the Toshiba M200.
The carrying load ability of 3V and 5V standby voltage is not
enough(such as bad smoothing and poor chip performance),which causes
power down.
The typical fault is that electric
power down caused by poor
performance of common VCC3M
and VCC5M standby chip of IBM
laptop and bad filter capacitor.the
elimination method is to replace the
chip,and change the filter capacitor.
Power down when using the battery discharging
The battery powers off automatically after starting up,we should focus
on the measurement of BATT_SENSE,BATT_IN# and other signals,this
kind of signal tells to EC that the battery has been plugged at this time,if
the system can’t identify the battery normally,then it will power down
376
automatically.
The power down fault is more complex,if we can combine the
oscilloscope to test,there will be a better effect.In the figure 21-10,the
oscilloscope contrasts SLP_S3# and the temperature signal
ALERT#,observe that which signal goes wrong to cause power down.
Not running fault
The maintenance procedure of not running fault is as follows.
When we get the bad motherboard,please don’t eager to power on.We
should observe carefully first,if possible,compares with the normal
motherboard,observe the welding and the puts of components on the
board(especially with multiple parts,wrong parts,missing part and
continuous tin electrodeposit).Some motherboards are just parts of
counter,continuous tin electrodeposit or done BGA,because the
maintenance staff is eager to success,powers on once get the bad
motherboard,which lead to the damage of the components,then it will
spend many times and energy to repair.If you have a habit of self-
detection,then you can greatly improve the efficiency of maintenance.
If there is no CPURST#,please repair according to the timing
sequence.
377
CPU is normal,and receives CPURST#,the diagnosis card also
displays FF(00),then there may be problems with the peripheral circuit of
CPU or the North bridge,such as REF,TEST,COMP,CFG and so on(is the
peripheral precision resistance of CPU and the bridge),is shown in figure
21-11 and 21-12.
Figure 21-11 GTLTRF and COMP signal of CPU
Figure 21-12 the reference voltage of the North bridge
Whether its Intel or AMD,the front side bus without open circuit and
short circuit are the necessary conditions for the system going code.Here
you can use a dummy load with light(shown in figure 21-14) to
measure,and can also use the dummy load to hit the value of resistance.If
378
some lights don’t light on the dummy load with light,it means that there is
open circuit to the North bridge(Intel control line connects the South
bridge),if some lights are brighter than other lights,it means that the data
line is short circuit.If you are not sure,you can verify it again with a
universal meter.(Note:the lamp holder is only suitable for Intel and
nVIDIA chipset,the half of lights are light and others are dark of nVIDIA
chipset.But the AMD chipset,there only the half of lights are light,advise
you can use the dummy load hit the diode value,a group is more than
200,a group is more than 700).
Note that the hole is broken,the figure 21-14 is a schematic diagram of
the routing.
Figure 21-13 use the test bench with the light to test FSB
Figure 21-14 the schematic diagram of the routing
In addition to the detection of data address line,but also need to
measure that the clock and PG is normal or not,the measurement point
379
can be on the dummy load(shown in figure 21-15).
When the diagnosis card runs “00” and CPURST# has been
normal,we consider first whether there is a problem with BIOS.Because
its a firmware,between the software and hardware,its easy to cause that
the running code displays “00”.
After excluding that BIOS data is bad,then confirms whether the
working bus of BIOS is normal or not,there are SPI bus,LPC bus,the high
address line of X-BUS and others.The important pin is shown in the 7.2
section.
After confirming that there is no problem,then further analyzes
whether the working voltage of KBC,LPC bus and PCICLK_KBC(33M)
works normally or not.If there is no exception,then replaces EC.LPC bus
pin of EC is shown in figure 21-16.
Figure 21-15 the real object of the dummy load
Figure 21-16 LPC bus of EC
380
After confirming that EC is normal,continue to analyze DMI bus,is
shown in figure 21-17.
Figure 21-17 the real object of DMI bus
If there is no abnormalities of the line resistance,then need to test
whether the working voltage and the clock of the South and North bridge
are normal or not,if the conditions are met,then replace the South bridge
first.
Replace the North bridge and CPU base at last(note:when you
replaces BAG,can not be isolated to analyze some simple conditions to
make the decision to replace the BGA,you should comprehensively
analyze the South bridge,the North bridge,the bus of CPU and all working
conditions,then determine to replace,)
The figure 21-18 is the diagram of the process of the trouble
shooting(AC mode)
381
Figure 21-18 the process of the trouble shooting
If you have a oscilloscope,you can analyze the process of running
code by the oscilloscope.Here are some test points of the Intel double
bridge platform.
ADS#:after CPU receiving H_RESET# signal sent by the South bridge
and being reset,the address strobe signal will send H_ADS# signal
according the internal default first,then start from the North bridge to the
starting module of BIOS to read the first instruction executed according to
the default address(OFFFFFFF0H),and then execute the starting
module,after the starting module executing,it will jump to POST code to
start to execute POST instruction.So,when ADS# is triggered,its shown
that CPU has started to work.
382
Figure 21-19 is the screenshot of the ADS# signal single trigger
DMI bus(DMI_RXN0,DMI_TXN0),DMI bus is the main bus used
by the South bridge and the North bridge for communicating,mainly
measure DMI_RXN0 and DMI)TXN0 signals,can be simply knowing
whether DMI bus is transmitting data or not.So,confirm whether this
signal is working or not,which can be preliminary judgment whether the
North bridge is communicating with the South bridge or not.
The figure 21-20 is the screenshot of the comparison between
DMI_TXN,DMI_RXN waveform and H_CPURST# waveform,its
H_CPURST# who increased in the high level first.
PCI_FRAME#:PCI frame period signal.When PCI frame period
signal actions,it means that PCI bus is transmitting data.So,only confirm
that PCI_FRAME# is working,then you can be preliminary judgment that
PCI bus is well.The figure 21-21 is the screenshot of PCI frame period
waveform.
383
Figure 21-19 the screenshot of ADS# single trigger
Figure 21-20 the screenshot of DMI bus waveform
LPC_FRAME#:LPC bus frame period signal LPC bus is the main
bus used for the communication of the South bridge and EC,just
measured that if LPC_FRAME# works normally or not,then can
preliminarily judge that if the South bridge communicates with EC or
not.The figure 21-22 is the screenshot of the waveform of LPC frame
period.
Figure 21-21 the screenshot of PCI frame period waveform
384
Figure 21-22 the screenshot of LPC frame period waveform
The data address line of BIOS can measure LAD0-LAD3 pin and
LFRAME# pin for the BIOS chip of LPC bus.
For the BIOS chip of X-BUS,it can measure the high address
line.Only in the process of power on self-detecting,then the high address
line will transmit data,so the waveform can be measured here to
determine whether there is power on self-detection data transmission
between BIOS and EC.
For the BIOS chip of SPI,only under the South bridge,can be measured
whether 1,2,5,6 pin are running code or not.
The maintenance of common code
POST(Power On Self Test) is the routine that the system carries out
self test after the computer powering on,test almost all devices of the
system,each device has a corresponding detection code.
In order to let the designers and the
repairer to know what actions BIOS doing
at present,when BIOS detects a
device,writes the corresponding code to
the 80H diagnostic port first,when the
385
device is detected,then sent the code of another device,and detects another
device.If a device does not pass the test,then this code will be retained in
the 80H,the detection process will be suspended,and according to the
upset alarm sound to give an alarm.We call this code as Post Code.We
can use the diagnostics card to read the code of 80H diagnostic port
through ISA,PCI,LPC and SPI bus,then displays on the LED light,which
is convenient to test and diagnose the motherboard for us.
BIOS code is divided into three major brands, are respectively AMI(D
front),Award(C front) and Phoenix.The laptop commonly uses Phoenix.
0A、28、2C、2E、38、E0
0A,28,2C,2E,38,E0 code are related to the North bridge,the
memory,the clock generator,EC and BIOS.First,observe whether the
memory is plugged well or not,plugging a few times(used possible
combinations),then observe if the code changes,if it changes,BIOS
procedure may be damaged,try to flash the BIOS;then observe if the
memory interface is bad(a lead measurement) and the welding of the
pin;and observe the pull-up tension between the memory and the North
bridge(measure one by one),replace the wrong resistance;also observe
some groups of voltage supplied to the memory interface,which group is
386
not exist,then to check the corresponding power circuit;at last,measure the
clock of the memory and SDATA/SCLK on SMBus,observe if there are
actions,if not,then try to change the North bridge and the clock
generator.if the above circumstances are excluded,then try to replace the
North bridge or EC.Sometimes,it may run 38 when BIOS program is
lost,refresh again or replace a new BIOS.
49
49 code is related to the South bridge and each PCI
device.First,measure PCIRST#,if its not exist,then according to the
previous method to find out that if the South bridge didn't send PCIRST#
or its pulled off by a PCI device;then observe the voltage,the
clock,SMDATA/SMCLK and the welding of each PCI
interface/controller;and observe the corresponding E2PROM of PCI
device;if all of the above are normal,then EC and BIOS are suspected.
85、87
85 and 87 code are the common code of IBM type,refers to the power
on self test stops in the detection of security chip.The solution is to
replace a pair of security chips ans BIOS,or brush the so-called free
security chip BIOS.
387
55
55 code is usually caused by USB fault.Measure 5V power supply
impedance of USB,to determine whether there is a short circuit or
not;then measure 5V voltage,to confirm that 5V voltage is
normal;measure USB to the South bridge signal and OC# over-current
protection signal.Except the South bridge itself,48MHz clock and USB
controller power supply of the South bridge need to be attention.
22
22 code means that the keyboard controller did not pass the test.It is
usually a problem of EC.
4A、DA
4A and DA code means that the graphics card did not pass the test.For
the power supply,contrast the drawing to test one by one;for the
clock,there are 27MHz core clock and 100MHz bus clock;for the reset,is
PCI-E bus reset;for the bus,that is PCI-E bus of the graphics card,both
ends of the coupling capacitor are required to play a value,and to
determine that the coupling capacitor is not bad.
Phoenix BIOS4.0 code is shown in table 21-1,for your reference.For
more POST code,you can consult BIOS CODE of each manufacturer.
388
Table 21-1 Phoenix BIOS 4.0 code

代哔哔开机自检例行说明 boot self test routine instruction
码声英文原文中文翻译
02
Verify Real Mode 验证真实模式
h
03 Disable Non-Maskable
禁止非屏蔽中断（NMI）
h Interrupt (NMI)
04
Get CPU type 读取 CPU 类型
h
06
Initialize system hardware 初始化系统硬件
h
08 Initialize chipset with initial 用初始开机自检值初始化
h POST values 芯片组
09 设置“正在进行开机自检”
Set IN POST flag
h 标志
0
A Initialize CPU registers 初始化 CPU 寄存器
h
0B
Enable CPU cache 启用 CPU 缓存
h
0C Initialize caches to initial 按初始开机自检值初始化
h POST values 缓存
0E
Initialize I/O component 初始化 I/O 零部件
h
0F
Initialize the local bus IDE 初始化本地总线 IDE
h
10
Initialize Power Management 初始化电源管理
h
11 Load alternate registers with 用初始开机自检值装载代
h initial POST values 用寄存器
12 Restore CPU control word 在热启动过程中恢复
h during warm boot CPU 控制
13 Initialize PCI Bus Mastering
初始化 PCI 总线主控设备
h devices
389
14
Initialize keyboard controller 初始化键盘控制器
h
16 1-2-
BIOS ROM checksum BIOS ROM 检验和
h 2-3
17 Initialize cache before memory 在存储器自动调整容量之
h autosize 前初始化缓存
18
8254 timer initialization 8254 定时器初始化
h
1
8237 DMA controller
A 8237 DMA 控制器初始化
initialization
h
1C Reset Programmable Interrupt
复位可编程中断控制器
h Controller
20 1-3-
Test DRAM refresh 测试 DRAM 刷新操作
h 1-1
22 1-3-
Test 8742 Keyboard Controller 测试 8742 键盘控制器
h 1-3
24 Set ES segment register to 4 将 ES 段寄存器设置为
h GB 4GB
26
Enable A20 line 启用 A20 行
h
28
Autosize DRAM 自动大小 DRAM
h
29 Initialize POST Memory 初始化开机自检存储管理
h Manager 器
2
A Clear 512 KB base RAM 清除 512KB 基本 RAM
h
2C 1-3- RAM failure on address line 地址行 xxxx*上 RAM 故
h 4-1 xxxx* 障
存储器总线的低位字节
2E 1-3- RAM failure on data bits
的数据位 xxxx*上 RAM 故
h 4-3 xxxx* of low byte of memory bus
障
2F Enable cache before system 在系统 BIOS 屏蔽之前启
h BIOS shadow 用缓存
390
RAM failure on data bits 存储器总线的高位字节

30 1-4-
xxxx* of high byte of memory 的数据位 xxxx*上 RAM 故
h 1-1
bus 障
32
Test CPU bus-clock frequency 测试 CPU 总线时钟频率
h
33 Initialize Phoenix Dispatch 初始化 Phoenix Dispatch
h Manager 管理器
36
Warm start shut down 热启动关闭
h
续表
代哔哔开机自检例行说明
38
Shadow system BIOS ROM 屏蔽系统 BIOS ROM
h
3
A Autosize cache 自动大小缓存
h
3C Advanced configuration of
芯片组寄存器的高级配置
h chipset registers
3
Load alternate registers with 用 CMOS 值装载代用寄
D
CMOS values 存器
h
42
Initialize interrupt vectors 初始化中断矢量
h
45
POST device initialization 开机自检设备初始化
h
46
Check ROM copyright notice 检查 ROM 版权通知
h
48 Check video configuration 对照 CMOS 检查视频配
h against CMOS 置
49
Initialize PCI bus and devices 初始化 PCI 总线和设备
h
4
Initialize all video adapters in 初始化系统中的所有视频
A
system 适配器
h
391
4B
QuietBoot start (optional) 安静启动开始（可选）
h
4C
Shadow video BIOS ROM 屏蔽视频 BIOS ROM
h
4E
Display BIOS copyright notice 显示 BIOS 版权通知
h
50
Display CPU type and speed 显示 CPU 类型和速度
h
51
Initialize EISA board 初始化 EISA 板
h
52
Test keyboard 测试键盘
h
54
Set key click if enabled 如果启用设置击键
h
58 2-2-
Test for unexpected interrupts 意外中断测试
h 3-1
59
Initialize POST display service 初始化开机自检显示设备
h
5
Display prompt "Press F2 to 显示提示“按下 F2 进入
A
enter SETUP" 设置程序”
h
5B
Disable CPU cache 禁用 CPU 缓存
h
5C Test RAM between 512 and 测试 512～640KB 之间的
h 640 KB RAM
60
Test extended memory 测试扩展存储器
h
62 Test extended memory address
测试扩展存储器地址线
h lines
64
Jump to UserPatch1 跳到 UserPatch1
h
66 Configure advanced cache
配置高级缓存寄存器
h registers
67 Initialize Multi Processor
初始化多处理器 APIC
h APIC
68 Enable external and CPU
启用外部和 CPU 缓存
h caches
392
69 Setup System Management 设置系统管理模式

h Mode (SMM) area （SMM）区域
6
A Display external L2 cache size 显示外部 L2 缓存容量
h
6B Load custom defaults
装载定制默认值（可选）
h (optional)
6C
Display shadow-area message 显示屏蔽区信息
h
6E Display possible high address 显示可能的高位地址，以
h for UMB recovery 备恢复 UMB
70
Display error messages 显示错误信息
h
72
Check for configuration errors 检查配置错误
h
76
Check for keyboard errors 检查键盘错误
h
7C Set up hardware interrupt
设置硬件中断向量
h vectors
7E 初始化协处理器（如果有）
Initialize coprocessor if present
h
续表
80 Disable onboard Super I/O 禁用板载超级 I/O 端口和
h ports and IRQs IRQ
81
Late POST device initialization 最新开机自检设备初始化
h
82 Detect and install external 检测并安装外部 RS232
h RS232 ports 端口
83 Configure non-MCD IDE
配置非 MCD IDE 控制器
h controllers
84 Detect and install external
检测并安装外部并行端口
h parallel ports
393
85 Initialize PC-compatible PnP 初始化 PC 兼容 PnP ISA

h ISA devices 设备
86
Re-initialize onboard I/O ports. 重新初始化板载 I/O 端口
h
87 Configure Motherboard 配置主板可配置设备（可
h Configurable Devices (optional) 选）
88
Initialize BIOS Data Area 初始化 BIOS 数据区
h
89 Enable Non-Maskable
启用非屏蔽中断（NMI）
h Interrupts (NMIs)
8
Initialize Extended BIOS Data
A 初始化扩展 BIOS 数据区
Area
h
8B
Test and initialize PS/2 mouse 测试并初始化 PS/2 鼠标
h
8C
Initialize floppy controller 初始化软驱控制器
h
8F Determine number of ATA 确定 ATA 驱动器数量
h drives (optional) （可选）
90
Initialize hard-disk controllers 初始化硬盘控制器
h
91 Initialize local-bus hard-disk 初始化本地总线硬盘控制
h controllers 器
92
Jump to UserPatch2 跳到 UserPatch2
h
93 Build MPTABLE for multi- 为多处理器板制作
h processor boards MPTABLE
95
Install CD ROM for boot 安装启动光驱
h
96
Clear huge ES segment register 清除大型 ES 段寄存器
h
97
Fixup Multi Processor table 确定多处理器表
h
Search for option ROMs. One
98 查找选装 ROM。发出一
1-2 long, two short beeps on
h 长两短哔哔声
checksum failure
394
99 Check for SMART Drive

检验和故障
h (optional)
9
检查 SMART 驱动器（可
A Shadow option ROMs
h 选）
9C
Set up Power Management 屏蔽选装 ROM
h
9
Initialize security engine
D 设置电源管理
(optional)
h
9E
Enable hardware interrupts 启用硬件中断
h
9F Determine number of ATA and 确定 ATA 和 SCSI 驱动
h SCSI drives 器数量
A
Set time of day 设置一日的时间
0h
A
Check key lock 检查按键锁定
2h
A
Initialize Typematic rate 初始化 Typematic 速度
4h
A
Erase F2 prompt 删除 F2 提示
8h
A
A Scan for F2 key stroke 扫描 F2 击键
h
A
Enter SETUP 进入设置
Ch
A
Clear Boot flag 清除启动标志
Eh
B0
Check for errors 检查错误
h
B2 POST done - prepare to boot 开机自检完成—准备启
h operating system 动操作系统
B4 在启动前发出短哔哔声一
1 One short beep before boot
h 次
395
续表
B5 Terminate QuietBoot
终止 QuietBoot（可选）
h (optional)
B6
Check password (optional) 检查密码（可选）
h
B9
Prepare Boot 准备启动
h
B
A Initialize DMI parameters 初始化 DMI 参数
h
B
Initialize PnP Option ROMs 初始化 PnP 选装 ROM
Bh
B
Clear parity checkers 清除奇偶校验器
Ch
B
D Display MultiBoot menu 显示多项启动菜单
h
B
Clear screen (optional) 清屏（可选）
Eh
B Check virus and backup
检查病毒和备份提示
Fh reminders
C0
Try to boot with INT 19 试图用 INT 19 启动
h
C1 Initialize POST Error Manager 初始化开机自检错误管理
h (PEM) 器（PEM）
C2
Initialize error logging 初始化错误记录
h
C3
Initialize error display function 初始化错误显示功能
h
C4
Initialize system error handler 初始化系统错误处理程序
h
C5
PnPnd dual CMOS (optional) PnPnd 双 CMOS（可选）
h
396
C6 Initialize notebook docking 初始化笔记本电脑扩展坞

h (optional) （可选）
C7 Initialize notebook docking 稍后初始化笔记本电脑扩
h late 展坞
C8
Force check (optional) 强制检查（可选）
h
C9
Extended checksum (optional) 扩展校验和（可选）
h
D
Unknown interrupt 未知中断
2h
E0
Initialize the chipset 初始化芯片组
h
E1
Initialize the bridge 初始化电桥
h
E2
Initialize the CPU 初始化 CPU
h
E3
Initialize system timer 初始化系统定时器
h
E4
Initialize system I/O 初始化系统 I/O
h
E5
Check force recovery boot 检查强制恢复启动
h
E6
Checksum BIOS ROM 检验和 BIOS ROM
h
E7
Go to BIOS 转到 BIOS
h
E8
Set Huge Segment 设置大段
h
E9
Initialize Multi Processor 初始化多处理器
h
E
A Initialize OEM special code 初始化 OE 特殊代码
h
E
Initialize PIC and DMA 初始化 PIC 和 DMA
Bh
E Initialize Memory type 初始化存储器类型
397
Ch
E
D Initialize Memory size 初始化存储器容量
h
E
Shadow Boot Block 屏蔽启动块
Eh
EF
System memory test 系统存储器测试
h
F0
Initialize interrupt vectors 初始化中断向量
h
F1
Initialize Run Time Clock 初始化运行时间时钟
h
续表
F2
Initialize video 初始化视频
h
F3 Initialize System Management
初始化系统管理模式
h Mode
F4
Output one beep before boot 在启动前输入一声哔哔声
h
F5
Boot to Mini DOS 启动到微型 DOS
h
F6
Clear Huge Segment 清除大段
h
F7
Boot to Full DOS 启动到全部 DOS
h
The screen shows fault
The screen shows fault is divided into parts of the graphics card fault
and partial fault of the interface.
If its a partial fault of the graphics card,we can not catch the EDID
398
waveform usually(the waveform diagram is shown in figure 8-7).For such
problems,we need to detect the working condition of the graphics card
chip.The graphics card fault is usually available in the majority of missing
solder,in general,we can solve the problem by welding,replanting the chip
or changing the graphics card chip.
If the part of the graphics card is normal,there is a continuous
waveform on the any one of LVDS,the measurement point is on the
LVDS socket pin,need to connect up the screen line to be measured.The
real object of LVDS socket is shown in figure 21-24,LVDS waveform is
Figure 21-24 the real object of LVDS socket
Figure 21-25 LVDS waveform
The laptop can support multiple display output,except the common
LVDS and CRT output,many models also support S terminal,DVI,HFMI
and other output methods,but the focus of the maintenance is still on the
LVDS output and CRT output.
399
The problem of LVDS output are mainly the backlight and
display.Some machines screen interface also includes the display and
backlight,and other machines may have two interfaces,the display and
backlight are separated.
In the figure 21-26,VADJ,VIN,BLON been circled are the signal
belonged to the backlight part.
VADJ is the intensity control signal,is sent by EC.VADJ is a linear
voltage,when we press the shortcut key of the intensity control on the
keyboard,this signal changes in a certain range.
VIN is the high board power supply.The 19V adapter voltage is used
here,some of the early machines use 5V power supply.
BLON is the opening signal of the backlight,this signal is controlled
by EC.If its a independent graphics model,this signal is usually not
managed by EC,but is managed by the graphics card.
400
Figure 21-26 LVDS interface signal
+3V of the 28 pin is the power supply of EDID chip,its a ROM with
storing the screen parameter.Most of machines will detect EDID,if the
screen is not detected,they will refuse to turn on the backlight and the
screen power supply.DELL and other machines will detect the model of
the screen and other parameters in EDID.If the parameter is incorrect,they
also will refuse output from LVDS.If changes the screen of this type of
model,we need to replace the chip of the original screen to the new screen.
LCDVCC of the 27 and 26 pin is the screen power supply.The
production circuit of the screen power supply is usually shown in figure
21-27.
401
Figure 21-27 the production circuit of the screen power supply
In the figure 21-27,is the principle of the production circuit of the
screen power supply:when the graphics card completed self detection,and
read the information of the screen,then sent the high level of DISP_ON to
control Q19 conducted and pull the G pole of Q18 low,Q18 is P-
channel,when the G pole is low level,+3V converted to be LCDVCC
output.
25 and 24 pin are the data lines of EDID ROM,in fact,its a pair of
SMBUS,is used to read the chip of the screen.
RF_LED# of the 21 pin is the indicator light of the WIFI.The status
indicator lamp of many machines are on the hard board,such as wireless
indicator,power status indicator and others.
LCDID of 18,17 and 16 pin is the screen line identification signal.
11,10,8,7,5,4,2 and 1 pin are LVDS bus,is ordinary resolution ratio.If
its high,in general,it needs two groups of such signals.
The figure 21-28 is the screenshot of the CRT interface circuit,the key
402
test point of CRT output is in the line(13 pin),field(14 pin),after line and
field signal being output from the graphics card(the North bridge),they
will reach to the CRT interface by buffering.By measuring the waveform
of 2 pin and 4 pin of the buffer U1 and U2,we can easily identify the area
where the problem is.
Figure 21-28 the screenshot of CRT interface circuit
If R(1 pin),G(2 pin) and B(3 pin) have the problem,it will only cause
that the color is abnormal,and will not result in no output.
Note that some modes do not support starting up from CRT,only after
entering the system and graphics driver completing load,then switched to
CRT output.
403
If its the dark screen fault,we need to
service the circuit of the backlight usually.If
the opening and the power supply of the
backlight are normal,but its also the dark
screen,we need to test if the inverter module or the backlight is
wrong.Now the mainstream is divided into LCD(Liquid Crystal Display)
and LED(Light Emitting Diode),it’s easy to distinguish between them,as
shown in figure 21-29,the below piece of screen with a high voltage line
is LCD screen,the above screen without the high voltage line is LED
screen,LED screen is not need the hard board.
Figure 21-29 the real object of LED and LCD screen
Next,we introduce the transformation of the common inverter module
of LCD screen.
The inverter module can be called as the hard board,the hard board we
used commonly is divided into 5V(shown in figure 21-30) and 9-
20V(shown in figure 21-31).5V is used in the old machine,has not been
used much.9V-20V is used commonly,we don’t consider the withstand
voltage,only need to connect the four lines,if customers’ requirements are
not strict,then just need to connect three lines.
404
Figure 21-30 5V general inverter module
Figure 21-31 9-20V general inverter module
Graft the key pin of the general inverter module
VIN,the power supply of the hard board
GND,the ground wire
ON,the opening signal.The name is different on the different board,we
don't have to tangle in the
name,we just need to find this
opening signal in these wires.but
we can not think that the wire with
3.3V is the opening signal,because
there is 3.3V of some indicator lights on the hard board,if we use these
3.3V,it will be out of sync with the time of the screen lighting,which
resulting in white screen.We need to find the signal who can arrive at the
same time with the screen,in general,there have the synchronous 3.3V in
these wires sent by the motherboard to the hard board,if you can not
find it,you also can fly a piece of line from the screen power supply 3.3V.
Figure 21-32 the real object of the screen interface
In general,we find 3.3V on the screen,are connected to an insurance,then
405
connected to an inductive filter.The most important is that it can be
measured after starting up.The real object of the screen interface is shown in
figure 21-32,F101 is an insurance,L101 is an inductance.
ADJ,the intensity control.In general,there have the intensity control
wire in these wires,you can adjust the brightness in the system,the voltage
will change with the brightness adjustment.

The sound card fault
The sound card fault is usually divided into the loudspeaker or the
earphone without sound,and the loudspeaker and the earphone are not
sound.
The loudspeaker or the earphone has no sound,there may be a
problem of the transformational component of the earphone jack,or is the
problem of the power amplifier,because the earphone jack of some
models is independent of the power amplifier.
Take the Quanta JM7 as an example,observe that how the earphone
and the loudspeaker convert to the sound.
The 4 pin HP_NB_SENSE of CON4 detects if the earphone is
plugged or not,its connecting the ground when the earphone is not
plug,after plugging,the 4 pin and the ground are disconnecting,is shown in
figure 21-33.The real object of the earphone interface is shown in figure
406
21-34 and figure 21-35.
Figure 21-33 the earphone interface circuit of JM7
Figure 21-34 the earphone is not plug
Figure 21-35 the earphone is plugged
After plugging the earphone,the high level of HP_NB_SENSE is sent
to EC,is shown in figure 21-36.
Figure 21-36 EC received the signal of the earphone plugging
407
HP_NB_SENSE conducts Q39,connects R246 to the ground,makes
AUD_SENSE_A been pulled up by +VDDA to turn into the partial
pressure,is shown in figure 21-37.After the sound card chip detecting
AUD_SENSE_A voltage changing,changes the original loudspeaker
output to the earphone output.
Figure 21-37 AUD_SENSE_A circuit
HP_NB_SENSE is also sent to the 23 pin of the power amplifier
chip,is shown in figure 21-38.
Figure 21-38 the power amplifier chip
After the power amplifier U20 receiving HP_NB_SENSE,then
disconnects the left and right channels of the loudspeaker of the 6,7,19
408
and 20 pin,and outputs the earphone signal of AUD_HP_JACK_L and
AUD_HP_JACK_R of the 15 and 16 pin.
The loudspeaker and the earphone are completely silent,in
general,there is the problem of the sound card itself,we need to check the
power supply of the sound card chip,ACLINK connected by the sound
card and the South bridge and others,is shown in figure 21-39.
AC-LINK
供电
供电
Figure 21-39 the diagram of the sound card circuit
In the figure 21-39,the power supply of the U19 sound card is
3.3VRUN and VDDA,if there are normal,we can test the
DOCK_HP_MUTE# mute pin of the 31 pin,then we can test the over the
ground resistance of the 5,6,8,10 and 11 pin of AC97 bus,testing if there
are the short circuit,the open circuit and other faults to the South bridge.
409
Tip:if the machine does not sound,we should determine if there is the
problem of the loudspeaker or the power amplifier does not sound
out.First,try to use the earphone,if there is sound,maybe its the problem of
the socket,we can use the oscilloscope to test according to the drawings.If
the sound card and the power amplifier are normal,and there are
waveform,but there is no sound,we can connect a loudspeaker between
the output 6 pin and 7 pin or 19 pin and 20 pin of the power amplifier,if
there is a sound,is the contact problem of the loudspeaker or the socket;if
there is no sound,we should test the power supply,enabling and the mute
of the power amplifier,if there are normal,then its the problem of the
sound card it self.Next,we also check from the power supply,the clock,the
reset,enabling,the mute and other aspects.
USB fault
If its a single USB interface who can not be used,mainly check the
appearance and the power supply of this interface,and check if there is
open circuit between the interface and the South bridge and others;if all
interfaces are not used,in general,we need to check the over the ground
resistance of the data line between the power supply VCCUSBPLL of the
South bridge,the clock CLK48,the South bridge and the port,and check
410
the power supply sent to USB port,the precision resistance of the South
bridge USB module,is shown in figure 21-40.
Figure 21-40 USB circuit of the South bridge
The network card fault
The network card is wrong,which will cause that the network card
can’t be detected.If its the network card of PCI-E bus,rarely cause the
network card can’t be detected because of the wrong South bridge;if its
the soft network card or PCI bus network card,which is likely to cause
that the network can’t be detected because of the wrong South bridge.The
soft network card linked to the South bridge directly,about the soft
network card fault,we need to test the network card control module in the
South bridge.The network card of PCI-E and PCI bus is the hard network
card.In this section,take the Compal LA-5891P as an example,mainly
introduces the way of troubleshooting of the hard network card fault.
First,ensure that the basic working condition of the network card is
411
normal,including the power supply +3V_LAN,+1.2V_LAN of the network
card,the PCI-E bus clock CLK_PCIE_LAN of the network
card,CLK_PCIE_LAN#,the reset PLT_RST# of the network card,PCI-E bus
PCIE_DTX_C_PRX_P1/N1 of the network
card,PCIE_PTX_C_DRX_P1/N1(there are the coupling capacitor in the
middle of PCI-E bus,during maintenance measurement,should test the over
the ground resistance of both ends,any end is open circuit,which will cause
that the network card can’t be detected),is shown in figure 21-41.
Figure 21-41 the screenshot of the basic working condition of the
network card
412
Figure 21-42 25MHz crystal of the network card
The reset of the network card
The bus clock
Can identify the network card but can not be used,display “is
assigning IP address”,but has been not assigned the fault of IP address.In
general,check the working condition of MAC address chip:the power
supply,SCK clock and SDA data.MAC address chip is wrong:one is that
MAC address chip is burned out,another is that the internal data of MAC
address chip is damaged,because the physical address of the network card
is stored in the MAC address chip,we need use the special tool to write
MAC address.FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF and 11-22-33-44-55-66 are the invalid
address.
As shown in figure 21-43,MAC address is set to be stored in the
network card chip,U12 does not install the component in kind.
413
Figure 21-43 MAC chip of the network card
Tip:MAC address of the soft network card is stored in BIOS.If there is
a problem of the soft network card,we mainly check the power supply,the
clock,the reset,the signal line,and the bus of the South bridge network
card module.
Identify the network card but it has been shown that the cable is not
plugged in the kind of red “X”,need to check the over the ground
resistance of the 8 pieces of cable signal,the external precision resistance
and others.The network bridge(also called as data pump and network
isolation transformer) is wrong,in general,we can put the corresponding
signal pulling directly to use temporarily.The network bridge is the
coil,some signal in the network bridge is disconnected,which will directly
414
cause that the network card with Gigabit changed to be the network card
with 100 Mbitor can’t be used.The network bridge and the interface
circuit are shown in figure 21-44.
Figure 21-44 the network bridge and the interface circuit
Test if the network card is wrong or not,we can test directly the value
of the main power supply or the value of the 8 pieces of cable signals.In
general,after the lightning stroke,the network card power supply to the
ground will directly short circuit.8 pieces signals external precision
resistance,the value of the diode of 8 pieces of lines to the ground is
normal,then check the network bridge.
SATA interface fault
In this section,take LA-6631P as an example to explain the
maintenance of the SATA interface fault.
After testing that the hard CD-ROM is bad,then check the power
415
supply of SATA interface first,is shown in figure 21-45.
Figure 21-45 the power supply of SATA interface
Then check 1.5V power supply VCCSATAPLL of SATA module in
the South bridge,is shown in figure 21-46.
Figure 21-46 the power supply of SATA module
We also need to check 100MHz clock SATA_CLKN of the South
bridge SATA module and SATA_CLKP.At last,check the data line of
SATA interface,the precision resistance of SATA module and others.The
416
data transmission of SATA is divided into two transmission and two
reception,there are four signals in total.When measure the diode
value,should measure one end of the South bridge,because the coupling
capacitor is connected in the middle,there is no use in testing the hard disk
or one end of the CD-ROM,is shown in figure 21-47.
Figure 21-47 the data line of the clock,the biasing resistor,the interface
of the SATA module
All of the above are normal,in general,we can consider to replace the
South bridge.Crashing once plugged the hard disk,and displays LOGO
graphics,then the South bridge is usually bad.About other modules of the
South bridge,for example,the sound card module will cause crashing,and
displays LOGO.
The fan interface fault
CPU fan of the laptop is usually divided into three pins and four
pins.The fan with three pins is shown in figure 21-48,the 1 pin supplies
417
power,the 2 pin is speed detection,the 3 pin connects the ground.The
specific working process:after EC detecting the appropriate temperature,it
will send the appropriate EN_DFAN1 signal to U5,according to the
voltage level of VSET pin,U5 decides the high-low of +VCC_FAN1,in
order to control the rotate speed of the fan.The rotate speed of the fan is
sent to EC through FAN_SPEED1,detects the rotate speed of the fan at
real time.
The control circuit of the fan with four pins is shown in figure 21-
49,in the figure,U31 is the temperature control chip,after the temperature
control chip detecting the temperature through DP1 and DN1,according to
the high-low of the temperature,it will control the duty cycle of the
waveform of PWM pin.This square signal is sent to the internal circuit of
the fan,is used to control the rotate speed.FAN_TACH is the speed
detection pin.
418
Figure 21-48 the control circuit of the fan with three pins
Figure 21-48 the control circuit of the fan with four pins
Crash fault
Excluding the fault of CPU,the memory,the hard disk,the system and
others(this kind of fault is more).
BIOS sets the initialization(for example,SATA of some machines is
set to be AHCI mode,which will cause the blue screen),CMOS is
419
discharging,upgrades BIOS.
Measure that if all voltages are normal or not,and if it exists low
voltage,unstable,bad smoothing and other phenomenons.If 1.5V voltage is
just 1.2V after entering the system,which will cause crashing and the blue
screen.
The South bridge and the peripheral.The South bridge mainly
manages the peripheral,when the South bridge is broken down,it will
cause crashing and the blue screen.In addition,the peripheral also will
affect this fault.In general,during the maintenance,we can enter into the
safe mode,without loading any driving,observes whether it is the blue
screen of death.Its normal under the safe mode,in general,the problem is
in the South bridge,the sound card,the network card,the card reader
chip,1394 chip and others,we can remove one by one to find the faulted
peripheral.
The North bridge.The North bridge communicates directly with CPU
and the South bridge,if there is a problem of the signal,then it will cause
the blue screen of death,and can not enter the system.For example,there is
a problem of H-DPSLP# signal,which cause the crashing fault when enter
the system.
420
CLK.The clock is the necessary condition for the motherboard
working normally,because the frequency is higher when the clock
works,so the fault rate is relatively high.In the face of blue screen of death
and other phenomenons,we need to measure the waveform and the
frequency sent by CLK,to ensure they are normal.
The graphics card.The laptop with the independent graphics card,the
display chip GPU and the memory temperature are higher,it’s also easy to
cause the blue screen of death fault.
421
Chapter 22
Example of maintenance
The example pf maintenance about don’t boot fault
Example 1 IBM T61 not boot
Machine model:IBM T61
Board No.:no
Fault phenomenon:do not boot
Maintenance process:
It is lack of parts when we take it out,after completing it,is plugging,but does not trigger,and
no 3V and 5V standby voltage,also no VCC3SW.Measure the working condition of VCC3SW
production chip U61.VINT20 is 20V,BAT_VOLT is more 6V,which are normal,is shown in figure
22-1.
Figure 22-1 U61 outputs VCC3SW
Touch the chip,it is very hot,test VCC3SW,but its not the short circuit,then replace the chip
immediately.After replacing,but there is still not VCC3SW,and the chip is also very hot.Think for
a while,adopts the exclusive method to solve:disconnect one by one where VCC3SW goes to,when
disconnect D6,VCC3SW returned to be normal.The figure 22-2 is the circuit where the D6 is.
Figure 22-2 the screenshot of the circuit where D6 is
Measure the resistance value of RTCVCC,finds that its 0,after removing C287,the fault is
removed.The maintenance tell us that sometimes the measurement of the resistance value being
normal did not represent that there is no short circuit,because there is a diode,the resistance value
is not measured out.
Example 2 Lenovo G480 inflow water,which cause not boot
Machine model:Lenovo G480
Board No.:Compal LA-7981P
Fault phenomenon:no standby current
First,deal with the place where clear water is,then plugging it,but there is no standby
current.Test the common point B+,and there is no standby voltage on B+.
There is no voltage,also no current on the common point,which means that it is not the short
circuit,and there is a problem of the protective isolation circuit.By the way,measure that the
resistance value of B+ is more than 400ohm,means that it is not the short circuit.Open the drawing
and check slowly,find the protective isolation circuit,is shown in figure 22-3.
Measure the G pole of PQ302,the voltage is more than 18V,it is obviously not
normal.About the isolation principle of Compal,we won’t explain more,measure PACIN
directly,find that it is low level,but it should be high level here in the normal
conditions.Next,find out the production of PACIN.
PACIN voltage is produced by the circuit in the figure 22-4:produced by BQ24727VDD
through the resistance PR336 and P339 dividing into voltage,is controlled by ACPRN.ACPRN
should be low level,BQ24727VDD should be high level.Measure BA24727VDD voltage and find
that it is a zero point a few volts,its obvious that there is a problem.Then,continues to find the
origin of BQ24727VDD.
388
第 22 章维修实例
Figure 22-3 the protective isolation circuit of Lenovo G480
Figure 22-4 the origin of PACIN
389
BQ24727VDD voltage is produced by the charging chip PU301,is shown in figure 22-
5.Measure that the main power supply VCC of the chip is 19V,and measure that ACDET is
0V.According to the circuit diagram,calculating that this voltage should be 2.71V(the
computational formula:VIN/(PR314+PR317)*PR317).Measure that there is no VIN,flies line from
VIN in other places directly,then measure that BQ24727VDD is more than 5V,of course,the
common point is also normal,this machine is repaired successfully.
Figure 22-5 the production circuit of BQ24727
(this example is from http://www.chinafix.com/thread-707707-1-1.html )

Example 3 lightning stroke cause that Lenovo Z360 does not boot
Machine model:Lenovo Z360
Board No.:Quanta DALL7AMB6EO REV: E
Fault phenomenon:not boot after lightning stroke
Connect the regulated power supply first,the
current is about 0.2A,it is not normal.Press the power
button,the current changes a little.
Disassembling,find that there are two pins of the
data pump igniting,is shown in figure 22-6,others are
normal.
Load the circuit diagram from the chinafix forum
first,there is no E versions,find LL7A for reference
only.
Find 3V and 5V standby chip PU9,is shown in
figure 22-7,the model is RT8206.3V and 5V voltage
are normal,measure the resistance value of 3V and 5V,it is more than 900Ωafter 5V,the voltage of
390
3V is obviously small,its not normal.
392
Figure 22-7 the screenshot of the circuit where the standby chip RT8206 is
393
Using the method of burning machine,when the voltage is adjusted to 2.9V,the current is
more than 1A.Checks that if there are heating components or not,when we touch the graphics card
power supply chip RT8152E,our hand is burned,then removes it to replace.The figure 22-8 is the
good chip after replacing.About this chip with QFN packaging,we need to be careful during
welding,it’s easy to missing solder.
Figure 22-8 the real object of RT8152E
Plugging the power again,the current is stability in 4mA,press the power button,the current
jumps to be less than 100mA,then it will power down immediately.And we can’t detect the graphics
card voltage,the independent graphics voltage and CPU voltage.Measure that the opening voltage of
RT8152E is only zero point a few volts,the resistance value is very small,is shown in figure 22-9,the
4 pin VRON of PU7 is the opening signal.According to the drawing,this pin is only connected the
AR25 pin(shown in figure 22-10) of CPU in the sixth page and a circuit of the 35th page.Pulling up
CPU first,then we find that there is no short circuit,means that CPU is broken.
Figure 22-9 the screenshot of PU7 circuit
394
Figure 22-10 CPU sends GFX_VR_EN
Check the graphics chip is also broken down,the model is N11-GE2-S-B1.Discuss with the
clients,if they are agreed,then changes CPU and the graphics chip.Starting up after changing,the
current jumps to be more than 600mA,but there is still no CPU voltage.
Find out the production circuit of CPU power supply,is shown in figure 22-11,the 38 pin
SHDN of ISL62882 is the opening pin,the measured voltage is 0V.There are three branches to
check this signal:VRON,HWPG and SYS_SHDN#,but PD7,PD9 and PR28 in the figure don’t
install,which means that SHDN is produced by VRON through PR21 and PC27 delaying.
Figure 22-11 CPU power supply chip circuit
395
According to the figure,VRON is connected to the 48 pin of EC.Measure that PR21 is

good,but the voltage of EC48 pin is 3.3V,then
measure the resistance from PR21 to the 48 pin of
EC is infinite,it must be broken.Running line is
failed,in order not to waste time,thought that the
factory reserved this design,we can solve the
problem from here.Measure that HWPG is
3.3V,then find a small resistance to weld on the
bonding pad of PR28(shown in figure 22-
12).Powering on again,the current jumps to be
more than 1.5A,the voltage of CPU is 1.02V,which
is normal,connects to the screen and the machine is
light,then enter into the system,it is normal,so the machine has been repaired.
(This example is from http://www.chinafix.com/thread-708278-1-1.html。 The original
author:lyjndad0539)
Example 4 IBM R60 no standby
Machine model:IBM R60
Board No.:RP-1
Get this board,hits the resistance values of each key test point on the motherboard first,they
are in the normal range.Find any one of the D pole of PWM top tube to hit the resistance value of
the common point,is 461,it is normal.
Then starting to connect the adjustable power supply,the ampere meter with 3 bit displays
0.00,which indicates that there is no standby voltage.
About IBM machine,n general,if there is no standby,it means that there is no common point
voltage.Check from the common point,is shown in figure 22-13,measures directly that the D pole
of Q34 is 0V,then continues to measure that PWRSHUTDOWN is 0V.
396
Figure 22-13 the screenshot of the circuit where Q34 is
-PWRSHUTDOWN signal is from U61.When U61 received the power supply and detected
that there is no over-temperature,then it will open drain output,and is pulled up to be 3.3V by
VCC3SW,conducts Q79,and produces the common point voltage with small current.(the specific
principle is in the 18.1 section)
VCC3SW of 59 pin is output by U61.It is 0V here,there may be two possibilities to cause no
output:first,the chip itself is damaged,second,the rear stage pulls it low to 0V.Then,pry up the 59
pin to measure,the pin is 3.3V,which is normal,then ruled out the first possibility.
397
Figure 22-14 the part of the screenshot of U61
Hit the diode value at the bonding pad of 59 pin,the universal meter shows that it is short
circuit to the ground.First,burning machine for a few minutes,touch the board several times,there
is no abnormal.Then starting to remove the suspected fault chip,when removed Lenovo chip
U28,the resistance value returned to be normal,found a U28 to replace,then measured that -
PWRSHUTDOWN is 3.3V,the common point is also normal.
However,the ampere meter with three bit also displayed 000,then measured that the voltage
on the inductance of VCC3M and VCC5M is 0V,so we need continue to test.The voltage of
VCC3M and VCC5M is from U41(MAX1901).Measure that the main power supply V+ of the
chip is 19V,it is normal;the linear VL is 5V,it is normal;measure the opening signal VCC3M_ON
and 28VCC5M_ON of the 4 pin are 0V,it is not normal,is shown in figure 22-16.Continued to
check these two signal are from M1_ON of U28.
398
Figure 22-15 VCC3SW supplies power to U28
Figure 22-16 the screenshot of the circuit where the MAX1901 is
Measure that M1_ON is 0V.Is there a problem of U28 changed just?Or were we welding not
better?Because we have confidence in our own welding,so it should be that the working condition
of the chip is not enough.The condition of outputting M1_ON for the Lenovo chip U28 are the
power supply VCC3SW,reset SWPWRG and the adapter detection signal EXTPWR#,is shown in
figure 22-17.
Figure 22-17 the screenshot of the working condition of U28
By measuring,we found that -EXTPWR_PMH6 of the 73 pin is 3.3V,it is not normal,it

should be 0V.This signal is from Q53,is shown in figure 22-18.
399
The D pole of Q53 is controlled by VL5.At this time,open the bitmap(shown in figure 22-19)
and ready to measure the voltage of each pin of Q53,but we found that Q53 is missing.
Find a small size of N channel field-effect tube to be installed,plug the power,and the standby
current is 0.03A,measure that VCC3M and VCC5M have produced.When this machine is in
standby,there is a voltage VCC1R5M,is measured to be 1.5V,which is normal.After triggering the
switch,lights normally,this machine is repaired.
(This example is from http://www.chinafix.com/thread-717410-1-1.html。 The origin
author:the student in XUNWEI xiaorui2349092)
Q53
Figure 22-19 the location where Q53 in the bitmap

Example 5 ASUS A42J multiple fault
Machine model:ASUS A42J
Board No.:K42JR
Fault phenomenon:the large current is short circuit and others,two repair machine
Colleagues sent a two repair machine of ASUS A42J,the board No. is K42JR,its a large
current,we can sure that the fault is on the CPU power supply filed-effect tube.Just in
case,replaced PQ8802,PQ8803,PQ8801 and the capacitor,is shown in figure 22-20.
400
Figure 22-20 the screenshot of the circuit where PQ8802 is

Using the universal meter to test that the resistance value of the common point returned to be
normal,but when powered on to test,it is so bad.When CPU is not installed,the current jumps
repeatedly from 0V to 4V,then measured the voltage of the common point,it also jumps repeatedly
from 8V to 19V.Then we can only measure slowly,disconnected the common point,and measured
that the G pole of PQ8901 is short circuit to the ground,so it is that PQ8901 is replaced by
0Ωresistance,is shown in figure 22-21.

I thought that this resistance 0Ω should not cause the voltage of the common point jumping
repeatedly,but i was still replace to 100kΩ resistance.Then connected the common point,it was still
jumping,there is a feature,when disconnected the standby 3.3V,it would not jump,but tested all
relative circuits with 3.3V,there are not abnormal.It is not so easy,at the same time with the
common point jumping,i found that the adjustable power supply LED is protected,so there is the
short-circuit protection.As long as disconnected 3.3V,then it wouldn't jump,but it was jumping
repeatedly once powered on.Generally speaking,if the 3.3V rear stage is short circuit,it would not
401
cause the common point jumping,so there may be noting wrong with 3.3V,we also need to solve it
from the common point,but why 19V is normal when disconnects 3.3V.CPU power supply is short
circuit first,so we also need to test it from CPU.By measuring,the diode value of the down tube
control level of CPU power supply is more than 400,but the diode value of the top tube PQ8804 is
more than 100.I see,replaced RT8856 directly,QFN chip of ASUS is difficult to weld,because the
reserved pin is too short.After welding,the current is also jumping,from 0V to 0.4V,but the
common point is not jumping.Measured CPU power supply,there is no voltage,then tested the
conditions of the CPU power supply chip,is shown in figure 22-22.
Figure 22-22 the screenshot of the circuit where CPU power supply is
Measured that the 1 pin of RT8856 is 0V,the 2 pin is 3.3V,the 3 pin frequency setting
resistance is normal,6,8,9,10,11 and 12 are also normal,the 13 pin is 1.05V,there is no voltage on
21 and 31 pin.It is strange,the chip has been replaced,the control level is normal,is the chip
broken?Replaced it again.After replacing,powered on,the current was not jumping,reached to
1.2A.For a moment,it was jumping from 0A to 0.7A again,measured the G pole of the field-effect
tube,the G pole of the down tube PQ8806 and PQ8807 are 0Ω.What’s wrong,replaced RT8856
again,i need to check it carefully,can’t be powered on for a long time,used the oscilloscope to
measure that the rang of G pole of the top tube
PQ8804 is only 5V,so there is wrong with the
boosted circuit,replaced PC8811 directly,then
measured that the range of the G pole of PQ8804 is
normal.Powering on again,the current is
normal,connected the screen,ASUS is displayed.
Figure 22-23 the screenshot of the circuit
where PCIE_WAKE# is
402

author:the student in XUNWEI huhaju)
Example 6 ASUS K42JR no standby
Machine model:ASUS K42JR
Board No.:K42JR 1.1
Removed the machine,observed that if some components were missing,and if there have wrong
parts,if the board was corroded and repaired,i don’t find the problem.Then,used the universal meter to
measure the diode value of each inductance on the whole board,they were in the normal range.Since
there is no standby current,then plugged in directly and used the universal meter to measure the standby
+3VSUS and +5VSUS,there is no voltage.In order to judge the problem quickly,turned off the power
first,used the oscilloscope probe to click on the +5VSUS,then turned on the power,the waveform is
shown in figure 22-24.the peak reaches to 5.8V,it is obviously wrong,is the over-voltage protection.
Figure 22-24 the waveform of +5VSUS
This condition is usually caused by the filter capacitor,found the filter capacitor PCE8110 of
+5VSUS,is shown in figure 22-25.After replacing,the standby voltage is appeared.Then the
machine has repaired,i must to explain,some people will ask me,this fault is so easy,why you uses
the oscilloscope to repair?Of course,if i don’t use the oscilloscope,i still can repair it,but if i use
it,for this fault,i don’t need to test the working condition of the chip or others,then i can find the
problem immediately.
403
Figure 22-25 the screenshot of the circuit where PCE8110 is
In practical maintenance,if the capacitor is not short circuit,it can be connected in parallel
with a capacitor on the PCE8110,it can also solve the problem.The figure 22-26 is the screenshot
of the description of the electrical features of the over-voltage protection threshold value of this
machine’s standby chip RT8205.When the output voltage reaches to 115%(the maximum
value),then it is protected,that is 5*115%=5.75v.
Figure 22-26 the screenshot of the description of the electrical features of RT8205 threshold
value

author:the student in XUNWEI wxf)
Example 7 Acer Aspire 4738G powered off
Machine model:Acer Aspire 4738G
Board No.:Quanta DA0ZQ9MB6C0
Fault phenomenon:power off
Tested the whole machine,it is powered off,after plugging in,there is no current.Because it
uses the adjustable power supply with three bits,the current may be too small and can’t be
displayed.Disassembled the motherboard and observed it first,the components are not
damaged,then measured each major power supply resistance,which are normal.Used the universal
meter to measure that the standby voltage is normal,the switch has the voltage.After pressing the
switch,when the current reached to 0.02A,the machine is powered off.Observed the current,the
voltage is not rising,opened the drawing and found that there is the voltage state diagram,is shown
in figure 22-27.
By measuring,found that the voltages marked as ALWAYS are normal,there is also
404
+15V.According to the timing sequence of Quanta,after triggering the switch,it should produce
+3V_S5 and +5V_S5(the standby voltage of PCH) first,these two voltages are produced by PQ57
and PQ15,is shown in figure 22-28.These two MOS tubes are controlled by S5_ON sent by EC.
Figure 22-27 the voltage state diagram(the original drawing in English)
Figure 22-28 the control circuit of S5_ON
When pressing the switch,to measure that the voltage of the 2 pin of PQ16 is 3.3V,it is
normal,which indicated that EC has sent S5_ON signal.But measured +3V_S5 and +5V_S5,there
is no voltage.This shows that the problem should be in the conversion circuit,or in the MOS tube
converted +3V_S5 and +5V_S5.
Measured that the voltage of the 4 pin of PQ15 is only 0.9V,it should be about 13V
usually.Measured that +15V of PR143 is normal,after removing PQ19,S5D is still 0.9V;then
405
removed PQ15,measured that S5D is still 0.9V;at last,removed PQ57,found that the voltage is
normal,is more than 12V.Found the board and removed a MOS tube,replaced it to this
machine,then the machine is starting up normally,the machine has repaired.
Example 8 ASUS K42JR powered off
Machine model:ASUS K42JR
Board No.:K42JR
Fault phenomenon:power off
This machine is sent by the client from Taobao,it is only the board when we received it,there
is no CPU,but it is not repaired by others.The fault is that the power LED is bright when pressed
the power button,the current is jumping from 0.01A to 0.03A to 0.01A.There is no drawing of 4.1
version,i found the 2.0 version,it is almost the same.In the drawing,EC is IT8500,but this machine
is IT8570,it is also almost the same,so i repaired according to this drawing.Since the power LED is
bright when pressed the power button,which means that there is no problem of the power
button,and EC has sent trigger action.
As shown in figure 22-29,measured directly the 112 pin PM_RSMRST# of EC,is 3.3V,is
normal.Then measured the 56 pin PM_PWRBTN#,is 3.3V,it is jumping from high to low to high
when pressed the power button.After EC sending this signal to the bridge,the bridge will send each
sleep signal.The timing sequence of ASUS is shown in figure 22-30.After the bridge receiving the
trigger signal,sent the sleep signal PM_SUSC# and PM_SUSB#.
3.3V
Figure 22-29 the screenshot of some pins of EC
Figure 22-30 the screenshot of the timing
sequence of ASUS
PM-SUSC# is sent to the 21 pin of
406
EC,measured it,but there is no reaction,then the target is locked on the bridge.There is no

bitmap,it is difficult to measure the standby condition of the bridge,so i just can use the popular
method to measure some basic conditions.First,measured the 32.768kHz crystal next to the
bridge,one of the pin is 3.0V,and another is no power.The RTC crystal voltage of the bridge
must be wrong.Replaced the crystal directly,the fault is also existing.I need to explain,in fact,the
crystal voltage of the bridge is not normal,which usually caused by the bridge being affected
with damp or the oscillating circuit aging.But during repairing,we can’t think that there are
many problems of the bridge,then to ignore the crystal.After welding the bridge,the crystal
voltage is normal,then triggered power on,everything is normal.The real object of the bridge is
author: Xiaowei Zhu)
Example 9 SONY NS90HS not boot after lightning stroke
Machine model:SONY NS90HS
Board No.:MBX-202(Foxconn M790)
Fault phenomenon:does not boot after lightning stroke
Customers reflect that the power adapter is burning out by the lightning stroke,it still can’t
boot after replacing a new power adapter.
Connected to the adjustable power supply,found that there is no standby
current.Disassembled and found that the isolation circuit IC has been burned and i can’t see the
model.Then according to the board No. MBX-202,i found the approximate drawing in the
chinafix,and found that the model of the chip of the isolation circuit is BQ24751.
First,cleaned out BQ24571,found that then bonding pad of the 1,2,3,27 and 28 pin are burned
out.Then cleaning,painting the green oil,repairing the pad and welding the chip,i don’t explain
more.Powering on,found that the standby current is only 0.001A,it is wrong obviously.
By measuring,found that there is no voltage on the common point,it seems that there is a
problem with the isolation circuit.Opening the drawing,measured that there have more than 18V
on the D pole,the S pole and the G pole of PQ24,is shown in figure 22-32.There have no voltage
on the G pole and the S pole of PQ25,and there have no voltage output on the D pole,it is
strange,PQ24 is broken?Then replaced PQ24,but the fault is still existing.
407
Then observed the 28 pin of 24751,there have 18.9V on PVCC,it is a little low,can’t care it
now.The4 pin ACDRV# is also 18.5V,it should be normal that PQ25 does not conduct.Then
observed that the 5 pin ACDET is only 0.4V,it is wrong obviously,it should be about 2.71V,then
observed the 8 pin over-voltage detection pin OVPSET,is 2.70V.Repaired the voltage of the 5 pin
first.Measured that resistance value of PR166 and PR15 is normal,there are just BQ24751 and PD6
connected by AC_OFF_3# will affect the voltage.Took off PD6 first,the voltage returned to
2.70V,it is normal,it seems that there is short circuit on AC_OFF_3#,which pulled the voltage low.
Find out the circuit connected by AC_OFF_3#,is shown in figure 22-33.
Figure 22-33 the screenshot of AC_OFF_3# circuit

There are not many components in this part,then measured one by one,found that the
408
resistance value of the S pole and the G pole of PQ6 is more than 100Ω,the resistance value
between these two pins is 0Ω,PQ6 is broke down.After replacing PQ6,the voltage of the 5 pin of
BQ24751 is normal,and each standby voltage is also normal.The standby current returned to
0.022A,after triggering,starting up successfully.About the protective isolation principle,it has
analyzed in the forum of chinafix,i don’t explain at here,you can look up it in the below website.
http://www.chinafix. com/thread-624207-1-1.html

author:johnnylu)
Example 10 Xuri 410M not power on
Machine model:Xuri 410M
Board No.:Quanta LE4
Fault phenomenon:not power on
Connected the machine and plugged the power,the standby current is 0.01A,there are 3VPCU
and 5VPCU,and +15V is only 4.5V,pressed the power button,there is no action,and 3VPCU and
5VPCU are missing.
Since found that +15V voltage is only 4.5V,checked the boosted circuit,is shown in figure 22-
34.
Figure 22-34 the screenshot of +15V boosted circuit

Checked PD14 and PD15,there is no problem.Then disconnected PD14,found that the 2 pin
of PD15 outputs 10V,it is normal.So there also is the problem with +15V boost,replaced the
capacitor of PC180,the fault is still existing.Surmised that +15V is pulled low,cut off directly at
the middle of line of +15V,found that +15V is normal,can be confirmed that there is a short circuit
at the back of the +15V.
Looking up the drawing,+15V provides enough voltage for a series of voltage conversion,is
there the problem with these conversion voltage?Then tested one by one,found that the resistance
value of +3V_S5 is zero,is shown in figure 22-35.
409
Figure 22-35 the production circuit of3V_S5

Connected the adjustable power supply and the machine is burning,adjusted the voltage to be
3.3V,the current is more than 1.6A,not found the obvious heating element.Then looked up the
drawing again,found that there are the network card and the South bridge where this voltage
flowed to.Then continued to apply voltage to burn,hit the current to be the maximum,found that
the South bridge is very hot.Put it on the BGA machine to remove the South bridge,then measured
the resistance value of +3V_S5,found that the resistance value is normal.Replaced the South
bridge,installed the machine and measured,everything is normal.
(This example is from http://www.chinafix.com/thread-527271-1-21.html。 The
author:Zhonglian laptop repaired)
Example 11 DELL N4030 I3 not trigger
Machine model:DELL N4030
Board No.:Wistron Arsenal DJ1
Fault phenomenon: not boot
Customers took a N4030 laptop to
repair,the fault is no trigger,the standby
current is 0.000A.Disassembled the machine
and not found that something is
abnormal,there are already 19V on the
motherboard,measured the voltage 3.3V and
5V,found that there is no power.Measured
that other working conditions of the standby chip RT8205 are normal,is just lack of the opening
signal of PWM:there is no voltage on the 1 pin and the 6 pin,is shown in figure 22-36.
According to the pin definition of RT8205,there is pull-up in the 1 pin and the 6 pin,if
through a large resistance connected to the ground,it will be the overflowing threshold value
setting,if connected to the ground directly,it will close PWM channel.Measured that the voltage of
these two pins is 0V,it is obvious that they are connected to the ground directly.Found out the
origin of 51125_ENTIP2 and 51125_ENTIP1,is shown in figure 22-37.
410
Figure 22-37 the screenshot of the origin of the opening signal

First,analyze the working principle of this circuit:when the high level of 3V_5V_EN
comes,controls PQ4601 conducted,pulls 51125_ENTRIP low,two field-effects tubes of PQ4602
will be cut off,51125_ENTIP1 and 51125_ENTIP2 connects to the ground through their own
resistance PR4602 and PR4603,as the overflowing threshold value setting.
Measured that the G pole of PQ4601 is 0V,it seems that the external didn’t send
3V_5V_EN,continued to find out the origin of 3V_5V_EN,is shown in figure 22-38.
Figure 22-38 the origin of 3V_5V_EN

3V_5V_EN is from S5_ENABLE,is controlled by the temperature control signal(if the
temperature is too high,PURE_HW_ SHUTDOWN# is low level,D4201 will be conducted and
pull 3V_5V_EN low,realize the power-off protection) of D4201.Measured that S5_ENABLE is
also 0V,indicated that there is problem with the former level.Continued to find out,and found that
S5_ENABLE is from EC,is shown in figure 22-39.
Since this signal is sent by EC,then measured the working condition of EC first.By
411
measuring,found that EC is lack of the standby voltage,thought for a while,3.3V linear voltage
produced by the previous standby chip is normal,why there is no voltage here?Is the line in the middle
disconnected,or is there component in the middle?Continued to find out the origin of the standby
voltage of EC,and found it finally,is shown in figure 22-40.
Figure 22-39 EC sends S5_ENABLE
Figure 22-40 the production circuit of the standby voltage of EC
This is a kind of energy saving design of DELL:in the adapter mode,plugged the adapter and
the detection signal AC_IN# is low level,pulled KBC_ON# low through D3705,controlled Q3704
conducted,produced +KBC_PWR;in the battery mode,AC_IN# is high level,needed by triggering
the switch to produce the low level of KBC_PWRBTN# and pull D3704 low,then pulled
KBC_ON# low,opened the standby voltage of EC.
Found Q3704,measured directly that the G pole is 3.3V.Then measured AC_IN#,is 0V,Is
D3705 broken?Then measured KBC_ON#,is also low level,why it will be 3.3V after through
R3735?The only possible is that Q3704 is damaged,GS is broken down.Found a small field-effect
tube on the board to replace,the standby is normal,triggering,the machine is light.
(This example is from http://www.chinafix.com/thread-717039-1-1.html。 )
Example 12 Toshiba L500 not boot
Machine model:TOSHIBA Satellite L500
Board No.:Inventec 6050a2250201
Fault phenomenon:not boot,3.3V is jumping
412
Counterparts sent a Inventec OEM board,the board No. is 6050a2250201,surmised that it is the
Toshiba L500 model.The board was been broken,the battery interface pin was slanting,there is
nothing unusual in other places.Measured the resistance value of the motherboard,not find something
wrong.
Powered on directly,there is no standby,did not trigger,then measured the common point
voltage directly,it was only 8V.It indicated that there is problem with the common point,found the
protective isolation tube,is shown in figure 22-41.
Figure 22-41 the screenshot of the protective isolation circuit
Measured that the S pole of Q6001 is 19V,the D pole is 8V,the control pole is 19V,it is
obviously abnormal,it seems that there is the problem with the control circuit.This control pole is
controlled by the 2 pin ACDRV# of the charging chip BQ24721.According to the data manual of
BQ24721,the power supply and ACDET are normal,then the chip will send ACDRV#.ACDRV#
needs send the low level to control Q6001,compared ACDET internal and 1.2V,ACDET must be
greater than 1.2V,then recognized the adapter,is shown in figure 22-42.
Figure 22-42 the screenshot of the principle in the ACDET
Measured that the 32 pin PVCC of BA24721 is 19V,then measured that ACDET of the 5
413
pin is only 0.2V,there is the problem at here.Measured that the resistance value of two divider
resistances of ACDET is normal,checking that Q6004 and C6015 are normal,removed(removed
the charging top tube at the same time) BQ24721,then measured the voltage of ACDET pin on
the bonding pad,is 1.24V,determined that the chip was damaged.Ready to find a chip to
replace,but did not find,and need to buy.But you can repair other functions of the machine
first,since there is no chip,then did not install the chip,took off the pipe of the common point
Q6001,and connected directly the S pole and the D pole by the insurance,not controlled by this
charging chip.After installing the insurance resistance,the common point has electricity,but no
standby current,measured that the standby 3.3v was jumping from 0V to 3.3V,the standby 5V
was 0V.Ignored 5V and repaired 3.3V first.The standby chip of this board is
TPS51125,measured that there is no problem with the power supply of this chip,when measured
ENTRIP2 of the 6 pin,found that the voltage was also jumping,the 6 pin is controlled by
+V5AUXON,is shown in figure 22-43.
Figure 22-43 the screenshot of TPS51125 circuit
Found out that +V5AUXON signal was connected to the chip U6960,the voltage of the 1 pin
of U6960 was also jumping.If U6960 wanted to send +V5AUXON signal,it must detect that
+VBAT voltage is enough and the 5 pin can’t be low level,is shown in figure 22-44.
414
Figure 22-44 the screenshot of the circuit where U6960 is
Measured that the voltage of the 4 pin of U6960 was 3.1V,it was normal,measured that the
voltage of the 5 pin was jumping.Continued to find out the origin of THRM_ SHUTDWN#,found
the chip U14,is shown in figure 22-45.
U14 is also the temperature control chip,through the 2 pin and the 3 pin detected
temperature,the power supply of the chip is the standby 3.3V.Saw the signal name of the 2 pin and
the 3 pin,i thought suddenly that some machines of Toshiba needed install CPU,then it can
boot.The 2 pin and the 3 pin through the internal of CPU detected temperature,if it could not detect
the temperature of CPU,then it will pull the 4 pin low,and closed the standby 3.3V.After the
standby 3.3V being closed,U14 stopped working again,the 4 pin would not be pulled low,so the
standby 3.3V can be produced again,continued to supply power to U14,because U14 could not
detect the temperature of CPU,it would pull the 4 pin low again......,by recycling,so led to the
standby 3.3V jumping,it seems that i took a detour for repairing 3.3V.In order to prevent CPU
from damaging by the subsequent problem,and 5V standby of this machine was also
abnormal,determined not to install CPU,and to remove U14,then measured that 3.3V was not
jump,but there was also no 5V standby,so i needed continue to repair.
Figure 22-45 the screenshot of the circuit where U14 chip is
415
As shown in figure 22-46,measured that the voltage of the 1 pin ENTRIP1 of TPS51125 is
0V,it was not normal.The 1 pin was controlled by EC_PW_ON signal,the specific principle is:EC
sent the high level of EC_PW_ON,controlled Q6106 conducted,Q6107 was cut off,ENTRIP1 was
not connect to the ground directly,ans through R6112 connected to the ground as the first path of
over-current threshold setting of PWM,and opened the first path of PWM.
Figure 22-46 the control circuit of EC_PW_ON

Measured that EC_PW_ON was 0V,found out that
it was from EC.Why EC did not send EC+PW_ON?I
thought the working process of the laptop studied from
XUNWEI,EC was broken or EC did not meet the
condition for sending EC_PW_ON.Measured that the
power supply and the reset of EC were normal,then
measured that the adapter detection signal of the 95 pin of EC was 0V,it was not normal,is shown
in figure 22-47.
Found that this signal was from the charging chip,because i removed the charging chip
before,which lead that EC could not receive the adapter detection signal,then did not send
EC_PW_ON automatically.Then i just need to replace the chip,this board can be repaired.But
there is no chip,and i want to repair the machine,so i determined to change the circuit.The original
416
circuit is the VREF5 of 5V output by the 11 pin of the charging chip,is shown in figure 22-48.
Figure 22-48 the charging chip output REF partial pressure to ACPRES
Now,there is no VREF5 voltage,just can draw a 5V from 5V linear voltage of TPS51125 to
the 1 pin of R6021,then can produce ACPRES.The real object of the jump wire is shown in figure
22-49.
Figure 22-49 the real object of the jump wire

After jumping the wire,ACPRES was 3.3V,and EC sent the high level of EC_PW_ON
automatically,the standby 5V output normally.Starting up and triggering,the current stopped at
0.14A,it was normal,measured that there was no 1.8V,found that the top tube of 1.8V power
supply was broken,then replaced it and there was 1.8V,the current rose to 0.45A.Unplugged the
power,installed CPU and the memory,the current stopped at 0.7A again,measured that there was
the waveform for SMBUW,but there was no waveform for the memory exclusion,replaced a
memory,then lightened normally.
Remark:about this machine,we just need to buy a new charging chip,and install U14 and
remove the jump wire,then it can be repaired completely,i don’t explain at there.
Example 13 Samsung R23 not boot
Machine model:Samsung R23
Board No.:BA41-00810A
Fault phenomenon:not boot
Colleagues sent a Samsung laptop,plugged the adapter,found that the indicator light did
417
not light.Disassembled it,measured that there was no high level on the 3 pin and the 4 pin of
the standby chip MAX8734,after pressing the switch,it was still the low level.MAX8734
circuit is shown in figure 22-50.
Figure 22-50 the screenshot of the MAX8734 circuit
Found that KBC3_SUSPWRON was sent by EC.Checked the working condition of EC,found
that the adapter detection signal ADT3_SEL of the 23 pin was 0V,is shown in figure 22-51.
Figure 22-51 the adapter detection signal ADT3_SEL of EC
ADT3_SEL was sent by the 6 pin of MAAX1909,is shown in figure 22-52.According to the
MAX1909 manual,this chip need to get DCIN,and ACIN must be higher than 2.048V,then ACOK
will open drain output.
Measured that there was no voltage on the 1 pin of MAX1909,found that D504 was
burned,then hit the value of the 1 pin immediately,it was short circuit.First,took off C536,then it
was normal when hit the value.Found a good diode on the board to weld,welding the capacitor,the
voltage of the 1 pin was normal,installed CPU and the memory,applied an electric current,the
machine was lightened,this machine was repaired.
author: the student from XUNWEI yuqifeng)
418
Figure 22-52 the screenshot of MAX 1909 circuit
The example of the breakdown maintenance about not bright

Example 14 Lenovo G460 do not run code
Fault phenomenon:not run code
After powering on,found that the current was 0.77A.Measured each inductance voltage on the
motherboard,except the charging inductance,others were normal,CPU power supply was also
419
normal.
Since CPU power supply was normal,then observed two signals after CPU power supply in
the timing sequence.CLK_EN# and VGATE are shown in figure 2-53.
VGATE
CLK_EN#
Figure 22-53 the screenshot of the circuit where CLK_EN# and VGATE are
Found that these two signals were normal.Then continued to measure

SYS_PWROK,measured that R397 was 3.3V,is shown in figure 22-54.
Figure 22-54 PCH received SYS_PWROK
According to the timing sequence of HM55,after the bridge receiving SYS_PWROK,then it will
send DRAMPWROK and PROCPWRGD to CPU.By measuring,DRAMPWROK was no voltage,i
saw suddenly that there was the bus power supply good signal under DRAMPWROK in the CPU.Then
measured this signal immediately,measured that both ends of R184 were 0V,is shown in figure 22-55.
420
Figure 22-55 the screenshot of the circuit where R184 is

It was this signal who affected the bridge to sent DRAMPWROK?Found that how this signal was
produced first.By measuring,VCCP_POK was from the bus power supply chip PU7,is shown in figure
22-56.Measured that one end of PR115 was 5V,and one end of it was only 0.3V,removed
PR115,measured that the resistance value was 1kΩ,it was normal.Was the chip damaged?The bus power
supply 1.1V has produced already,the chip should not be damaged!Then removed PR114,found that the 2
pin of the chip was 5V,it was normal.It indicated that the rear stage short circuit pulled VCCP_POK low.
Then,disconnected the circuit VCCP_POK connected step by step.As shown in figure 22-
57,after removing U8,found that VCCP_POK was not 0.3V,at this time,the current rose from 0.77A
to 1.2A,but did not through the memory.Because U8 was removed at this time,caused that
DRAMPWROK was no power,it needed the high level output by U8 to provide the voltage.The
specific principle is:after VCCP_POK being high level,was sent to U8,U8 output the high level of
3.3V,through R195 and R194 divided into voltage to be VDDPWRGOOD_R of 1.1V, phased with
PM_DRAM_PWRGD(shown in figure 22-55) sent by PCH to send CPU.
421
Replaced U8,this machine was repaired.

Example 15 DELL V130 no display after powering on
Machine model:DELL V130
Board No.:Wistron DR13
Fault phenomenon:no display after powering on
This machine is no display after powering on,the current was 0.38A,and it could not power
off.Disassembled this machine,found that the machine was very dirty,it was full of dust.Cleaned
up first,then powered on to measure,the current was still 0.38A.
Started to measure the voltage,found that the voltage of +5V_RUN,+3.3V_RUN and
+1.5V_RUN were low.+5V_ALW was only about 2.4V.
Used the universal meter to measure each voltage,there was no short circuit,according to the
figure 22-58,the control voltage of these three power supplies were pulled by
+15V_ALW.Measured that +15V_ALW was normal,and the RUN_POWER_ON voltage was
low,but was not 0V,judged that one of U4201,U4202 and U4204 was not normal.Disconnected it
one by one to measure.When removed U4201,the RUN_POWER_ON voltage was
normal.Replaced U4201 directly,this machine was repaired.
Figure 22-58 the production circuit of +5V_RUN and other voltages
The principle in the figure 22-58:after triggering and powering on,the high level of
PM_SLP_S3# controlled the conduction of the 3 pin and the 4 pin of Q4202,the 2 pin was pulled
low at the same time.Then the 6 pin and the 1 pin would cut off,RUN_POWER_ON was pulled up
to be 15V by +15V_ALW,to control the conduction of three N channel field-effect tubes,produced
three RUN voltages.
422
Example 16 Samsung R428 no display after powering on

Machine model:Samsung R428
Board No.:BA41-01217A
Fault phenomenon:no display after powering on
There was no display after powering on,the current was 0.3A,replaced the South
bridge,removed the network card,and removed the capacitor under the South bridge,but it could
not be solved.By measuring,the power supply was normal,but found that a wire was broken when
other people removed the capacitor,repaired it immediately.Measured again,found that the card
reader chip was very hot,then removed it directly.For the sake of insurance,not power on
directly,and measured the diode value of other power supply.Found that the diode value of P5.0V
was only more than 30,it was obviously low.According to the circuit diagram,found that P5.0V
was produced by P5.0V_ALW converting through Q531,is shown in figure 22-59.The high level
of KBC_PWRON controlled the conduction of Q5337,pulled the G pole of Q531 low.Q531 was P
channel,the low level was conducted completely,P5.0V_ALW produced P5.0V normally,then
through the short contact produced P5.0V_AUD.
Figure 22-59 the production circuit of P5.0V

P5.0V_AUD through two chip inductance B19 and B528 entered into the sound card chip,is
shown in figure 22-60,after disconnecting B19 and B528,P5.0V was not short circuit.Then
powered on again,the current rose to 0.5A,did not jump,installed CPU dummy load to measured
that there were no PG and reset of CPU.
423
Figure 22-60 the screenshot of the part of sound card chip

CPU had no PG and reset,so i must repair PG signal first.PG of the Intel chipset CPU was
provided by the South bridge,is shown in figure 22-61,
Figure 22-61 the South bridge send CPUPWRGD
By measuring,found that the power supply of the South bridge was normal,VRMPWRGD
war normal,PWROK was also normal.When measured 33MHz clock required by the South
bridge,found that the voltage was 3.3V,is shown in figure 22-62.When measured the clock
chip,other clocks were normal,only 33MHz clock was not normal.I judged that 33MHz module in
the clock chip was damaged,replaced the clock chip,then the machine was repaired.
Figure 22-62 the screenshot of the 33MHz clock circuit of the South bridge
Example 17 Inventec HP511 no display and powered down after triggering

Machine model: HP 511
Board No.:Inventec 6050A2257101
Fault phenomenon:power down after triggering
The fault of this machine was that it was powered down to be the standby after triggering
424
power on to 180mA a few seconds later.

First,measured the the ground value of each inductance,there was no short circuit,then
powered on,measured that there was no voltage of CPU power supply inductance.Measured
directly that R9879 was no voltage,is shown in figure 22-63,PWR_GOOD_3 is the opening signal
of CPU core power supply.
Figure 22-63 the screenshot of CPU power supply opening signal
Found out the origin of PWR_GOOD_3 directly,is shown in figure 22-64.At this time,i
thought the Inventec “Big Or Gate” taught by the teachers from XUNWEI,i don’t explain this
circuit principle at here.Measured directly that the 7 pin of U4 was 0V,and the 5 pin was 0V.Then
measured that the voltage of both ends of R99 were 0V,then checked the origin of +V3S voltage.
425
Figure 22-64 the production circuit of PWR_GOOD_3
+V3S is from Q39,is shown in figure 22-65.Measured that the voltage of the D pole of Q39
was 3.3V,the voltage of the S pole was 0V,the voltage of the G pole was 0.3V,it was obviously not
normal,measured that the voltage of the 1 pin was 17.64V,but the voltage of the 2 pin was 0.3V,it
seems that it was pulled low.Then measured that the resistance of the S pole of Q39 was
normal,Q39 was good,C408 was also normal,then found the origin of GATE_3S_R.
GATE_3S_R went to two places:the first place is shown in figure 22-66,by measuring,Q16
was normal,could exclude the dubiety of this circuit.
426
The other path of GATE_3S_R went to the production circuit of the graphics card core power
supply,is shown in figure 22-67.Measured that the voltage of the 2 pin of the resistance R9862 was
0.3V,i thought that it may be pulled low by U7015 chip,then disconnected the resistance
R9862.Triggered boot again,+V3S and +V5S were produced,the current rose to 0.6A.Then found a
TPS1511 on the board to replace,the machine is light normally,this machine was repaired.
Figure 22-67 the production circuit of the graphics card core power supply
As a beginner,i have a less experience for repairing machine,in fact,the chip is damaged.I
don’t measure the voltage of L550 inductance at that time,just measured 1.8V and 1.2V,then don’t
measure the voltage of the CPU inductance.Because it is the first time to repair this kind of circuit
of Inventec,although waste some time,but it’s still worth it.
(This example is from http://www.chinafix.com/thread-708487-1-1.html。 The original author:the
427
student from XUNWEI weishao)

Example 18 eMachines D725 inflow water,which cause not light
Machine model:eMachines (operated by Acer)D725
Board No.:Wistron HW40-MV
Fault phenomenon:the current stopped at 0.09A after triggering
This machine was inflow the large area of water,after cleaning up,then powered on,measured
that there have 3.3V and 5V,the standby current 0.09A,it was changed when triggered,the transient
current also stopped at 0.09A,It seems that it was much more likely the short circuit
protection,then started to measure.As shown in figure 22-68,when measured the L17,found that the
diode value was only 5,it was the inductance of 1.8V;measured that the diode value of the L16 was
4,it was the inductance of 1.05V.These two power supplies were controlled by the same chip
TPS51124,measured the G pole of the down tube U25 of 1.8V power supply,found that the diode
value was only 36,determined that the chip was damaged.Replaced the chip directly,then the diode
value was normal;the diode value of the G pole of U25 was more than 300,the diode value of 1.8V
inductance was more than 120,the diode value of 1.05V inductance was 9.
428
Figure 22-68 the screenshot of the TPS51124 circuit
Plugged in again,the standby was 0.005A.Pressed the switch to trigger,triggered the current
0.19A.Measured and found that there were no voltage of 1.8V and 1.05V,but their opening signal
found that PM_SLP_S4# and PM_SLP_S3# were produced,is shown in figure 22-69.
Figure 22-69 the screenshot of the open circuit of TPS51124

Measured the power supply of TPS51123,the 16 pin was 5V,the 15 pin was only
2.5V,measured and found that the resistance value of R274 became bigger,replaced 1.8V and
1.05V rapidly,then it was normal.Installed the CPU and the memory,plugged the screen,then
started up,but the screen was dark,i though it should be caused by the screen high pressure without
boosting.Removed the screen and found that there were a lot of water in the screen,and it was
corroded,some pins of the interface were gone,is shown in figure 22-70.
Figure 22-70 the circuit board of the screen with water and mold
Large area of mold

At last,replaced a screen,then it displayed normally.
author:wohenben)
Example 19 Lenovo G470 no CPU voltage
429

Fault phenomenon:no CPU voltage
The board powered on,the current was about 0.37A,measured and found that other voltage
were normal except the CPU voltage.The CPU power management chip is ISL95831,is shown in
figure 22-71.
Figure 22-71 the screenshot of the ISL95831 circuit
Measured and found that VIN,VDD,VDDP,VRON,BOOT1 and BOOT2 voltage were

normal,replaced a CPU,but the fault was still existing.So just used the oscilloscope,because the
CPU of this machine was the I3 second generation,the adjusting way of CPU voltage was changed
from the previous PVID combination to the CPU internal SVID module adjustment,measured that
the ground value and the voltage of SVID_SDA and SVID_SCLK were normal,but there was no
any waveform.According to the timing sequence of HM6X,if the SVID module in the CPU wanted
to work,CPU must meet the PROCPWRD signal.But the position number of the resistance and the
capacitor on this board were not marked,it was not easy to find the measurement point of this
signal,is shown in figure 22-72.
Measured that the voltage was 0V,in the timing sequence of HM6 series,PROCPWRGD was
sent to CPU by the bridge after the bridge communicating with BIOS normally,BIOS or the bridge
was damaged,which would cause that PROCPWRGD couldn’t be sent.Then,brushed BIOS
first,the fault was still existing,continued to replace HM65,then measured that PROCPWRGD was
1.05V,it was normal,so CPU should send SVID to the power management chip.SVID waveform is
430
SCL
PROCPWRGD
SDA
Figure 22-72 the screenshot of PROCPWRGD measurement point
Figure 22-73 SVID waveform
Then measured the CPU power supply,there was the voltage on the inductance,but it was
missing immediately.By measuring,was the over-voltage protection,replaced the filter
capacitor,then it was normal.
(This example is from http://www.chinafix.com/thread- 721759-1-1.html。 )
Example 20 Lenovo Y430 no clock
Machine model:Lenovo Y430
Fault phenomenon:no display
After receiving the machine,started up but it was not display,the current jumped to
0.46A,removed and found that the network card was removed by others.
Measured the voltage of each inductance,there were the standby 3V,5V,the bridge power
supply,the memory power supply and the CPU power supply,then used the oscilloscope to
measure the clock.Found that there was no clock.
431
Figure22-74 the screenshot of the clock circuit

Measured the power supply of the clock chip,is shown in figure 22-74:each pin connected
with +3VM_CK505 was 3.3V,each voltage of +1.5VM_CK505 was 1.05V.I though this voltage
was not normal and should be 1.5V,but found that this pin was connected to VCCP,which
indicated that 1.05V was normal.Measured that there was the waveform of the 4 pin and the 5
pin.then measured the opening signal of the 1 pin.Found that there was no voltage,and measured
that CK_PWRGD was from the South bridge,is shown in figure 22-75.
Figure 22-75 the South bridge send CK_PWRGD

Measured that the South bridge did not send CK_PWRGD_R,measured that there was the
voltage on the South bridge PWROK and VRMPWRGD,determined that the South bridge is
damaged.Removed the South bridge and replaced it,measured that it sent CK_PWRGD signal
normally,this machine was repaired.
author:linxus)
Example 21 Acer 5750G starting up but not display
Machine model:Acer 5750G
432
Board No.:LA-6901P
Fault phenomenon:staring up but not display
The adjustable power supply switched on,the current stopped at 0.4A.Disassembled the
machine,measured the voltage of each inductance,there were 3.3V,5V,1.8V,1.5V and 0.9V,but when
measured the CPU power supply,there was no voltage,CPU power supply chip is ISL95831,is shown in
figure 22-76.
There was no drawing in my computer,so loaded the circuit diagram of Acer 5750G from the
chinafix,then opened the circuit diagram,according to the drawing,measured the power supply of
the CPU power supply chip,is shown in figure 22-77,the 23 pin was 19V,there was no voltage on
the 22 pin.
Figure 22-76 the real object of the CPU power supply chip
Figure 22-77 the circuit diagram of the CPU power supply chip
The power supply of the 22 pin was +5VS,measured and found that it was produced by
U22,is shown in figure 22-78.Measured and found that SUSP was 0V,but there was no voltage on
the G pole of U22.By detecting,found that there was slight corrosion beside of R372,but the
voltage was 19V.
Figure 22-78 the production circuit of +5VS
433
Since R372 was connected to the G pole of U22,both ends of R372 were 19V,it was
obviously that the control electrode of U22 was broke at R732.Then jumped wire,and repaired
successfully.Starting up again,powered down at the first time,and restarted automatically,after
installing CMOS batter,the current was normal.Then,this board was repaired.
维修总结：修电脑要细心观察，其次电路分析基础 Maintenance summary:we should be
carefully observed during repairing,then the basic of circuit analysis must be solid.
the fault maintenance examples of power down
Example 22 used the oscilloscope to repair the fault of power down of Lenovo G450
Fault phenomenon:trigger power down
The standby current of this machine was
0.01A,it was normal,after triggering,the current
jumped to 0.02A,after powering down,the
standby was 0.00A,could not be triggered.
Disassembled this machine,measured that the
resistance value of each power supply was
normal.Depended on the experience,about this kind
of situation,when the standby voltage +3VALW or
+5VALW converted the rear stage voltage,there
was the short circuit,which caused the protection.In
order to confirm that it was +3VALW or +5VALW
conversion voltage who was the short circuit,which
caused the power down protection,then used the oscilloscope to find the accurate answer.As shown in
figure 22-79,the channel 1 represented +5VALW,channel 2 represented +3VALW,in the
figure,+5VALW was directly straight down,but +3VALW was falling slowly,which indicated that
there was the problem with +5VALW conversion voltage.
Then searched the origin of +5VALW directly,found the conversion MOS tube U54,is shown in
figure 22-80.When the low level of SUSP came,Q28 was cut off,B+ pulled up the G pole of U54,made
it conducted completely,+5VALW converted to be +5VS.
434
Figure 22-80 the circuit where U54 is

Measured that the resistance value of the 1 pin,2 pin and the 3 pin of MOS tube U54 was
0Ω,which indicated that there was the short circuit.Burned machine directly,used the DC regulated
power supply to connect 3V voltage to the 1 pin,2 pin and the 3 pin of U54,forced to supply power
to it.Touched C460,it was hot,removed C460 directly,then plugged in again,started up and
triggered,the current was normal,connected the screen and the machine was light,this machine was
repaired.
author:the student from XUNWEI wxf)
Example 23 Lenovo G550 the standby is abnormal and power down
Fault phenomenon:the standby is abnormal,power down after triggering
Colleagues sent the Lenovo G550,the light was bright after starting up,but there was no
display on the screen,and would power down.First,observed the appearance,it was no
problem.Connected the regulated power supply,the standby was about 0.2A,the current was
obviously abnormal,in general,the current should be about 0.02A.
Disassembled machine and powered on,the current was still about 0.2A.Don’t worry to
measure first,should touched the main components on the motherboard,when touched
EC,the temperature was obviously high,just turned over and touched the other side,my hand
was scalded by something,observed carefully,it was the USB power supply chip U50.Used
the universal meter to measure that it was short circuit to the ground.The circuit where U50
is,is shown in figure 22-81.
435
Figure 22-81 the circuit where U50 is
After removing U50,the standby current changed to be 0.017A,it was normal.Pressed the
switch,powered on,1.7A-2.2A-3.3A,powered down at the large current,it was slow large
current.I doubted that there was a problem with a certain power supply,measured the resistance
value of each large inductance,it was normal.Removed CPU,and powered on,the current was
about 0.6A,there was no large current.At this time,measured each voltage:the memory power
supply and the memory load power supply were normal,when measured PL501,found that there
was no output.Looked up PU501 drawing,is shown in figure 22-83.Measured the working
conditions of PU501:V5FILT,V5DRV and EN were normal,used the oscilloscope to measure the
G pole of the top tube PQ501 and found that there was no instantaneous waveform,judged that
PU501 was damaged.After finding a PU501 on the board and replaced it,there was
+1.5VP,which indicated that it was PU501 who was damaged.
436
437
Figure 22-82 the memory power supply circuit

Installed CPU,started up,waited for a moment,the machine is light,entered into the
system,everything was normal,then this machine was repaired.The figure 22-83 is the real object
of PU501.
Figure 22-83 the real object of PU501

author:the student from XUNWEI softjun)
Example 24 HP 4411S power down when enter into the system
Machine model:HP 4411S
Fault phenomenon: power down when enter into the system
Disassembled the machine and solved the problem of the heat dissipation,but it was still
powered down,replaced the memory,still powered down,then replaced the hard disk and installed
the system,still powered down,after replacing CPU,still powered down.The basic exclusive
method has been used,then welded CPU power supply chip,but it was still power down,so just
used the oscilloscope to exclude one by one.The figure 22-84 is the comparison of the waveform
of SLP_S3#_3R and VR_PWRGD.
I repaired many machine with the fault of power down,but it was rare to find that these two
signals powered down at the same time.Then found a voltage +VCC_CORE to compare with
SLP_S3#_3R,two signals still powered down at the same time,is shown in figure 22-85.
438
SLP_S3#_3R
SLP_S3#_3R
VR_PWRGD +VCC_CORE
Figure 22-84 the comparison of the waveform Ⅰ
Figure 22-85 the comparison of the waveform Ⅱ
Analysis:①it might that 3V and 5V standby voltage load capacitor decreased;②the common
point load capacitor was not enough.Then compared SLP_S3#_3R with the standby voltage
+V5A,the waveform is shown in figure 22-86,in the figure,after +V5A voltage powering
down,about 700ms later,it returned to be normal.It was really that the standby voltage load
capacitor decreased?
First,added a 220μF capacitor on the +V5A terminal,but it was still powered down.Intended
to replace the chip,but i have no TPS51125 at that time,so continued to measure.Then measured
SLP_S3#_3R and +VBATR common point voltage,the comparison of the waveform is shown in
figure 22-87,as the figure shown,after powering down,the common point voltage returned to be
normal 250ms later.
+V5A
SLP_S3#_3R
SLP_S3#_3R
Figure 22-86 the comparison of the waveform Ⅲ
Figure 22-87 the comparison of the waveform Ⅳ

Then,the problem was found,the problem was most likely on the two isolation tubes,replaced
Q25 and Q26,the problem was solved.After repairing,summarized and analyzed,in fact,powering
down should have nothing to do with Q26,because there was an body diode in the Q26,during
measuring by the oscilloscope,the voltage on the common point was dropped to 0V,then returned
to be normal,if it caused by Q26,it would not drop to 0V,then returned to be normal.The circuit
439
where the Q25 and Q26 are,is shown in figure 22-88.
Figure 22-88 the screenshot of the circuit where the Q25 and Q26

author:the student from XUNWEI)
Example 25 Acer Aspire 4310 power down
Machine model: Acer Aspire 4310
Board No.:Wistron Volvi 07200-1
Fault phenomenon:power down protection after triggering
Used the regulated power supply,the standby was 0.03A,started up,it jumped to 0.24A,but
powered down 1s later,the standby was 0.04A,then pressed the power button,but there was no
response.
According to the fault phenomenon,judged that the short circuit on the rear stage circuit was
protected.Disassembled and observed that there was no obvious fault point,powered on,measured
the voltage of each large inductance,found that there was no 1D8V_S3 and CPU power
supply,determined to repair 1D8V_S3 first.Looked up the drawing,1D8V_S3 was provided by
U22 MAX8717,is shown in figure 22-89.
440
Figure 22-89 the production circuit of 1D8V_S3
Measured that the other group of U22 output 1D05V_S0,used the universal meter to measure
the voltage of 1.1V,judged that the power supply of MAX8717 has been satisfied.Then,test the
opening signal ON1 of 1D8V_S3,is shown in figure 22-90,this pin was controlled by
PM_SLP_S4#.
Measured PM_SLP_S4# voltage,was only 1.5V,it was not normal.This pin was 3.3 high level
sent by the South bridge.Used the burin to disconnect the 6 pin,is shown in figure 22-91.
Figure 22-90 PK_SLP_S4# control ON1
441
Figure 22-91 the real object of MAX8717E
Cut by the knife
After disconnecting ON1,PM_SLP_S4# was changed to be 3.3V,it indicated that there was a
problem with the rear stage of MAX8717,measured that the resistance value of L14 was
normal.Replaced the filter capacitor C283 back of the inductance,the fault was still
existing.Opened the oscilloscope,measured that there was the voltage output on 1.8V when started
up.Continued to use the burin to cut G29-G38(the isolation point of 1D8V_PWM and
1D8V_S3),is shown in figure 22-92.Measured again that 1D8V_PWM output normally,indicated
that there was the short circuit on the rear stage of 1D8V_S3.
Figure 22-92 the real object of the isolation point
Continued to test the whereabouts of 1D8V_S3,is shown in figure 22-93.After removing

U49,the current could jump to 0.55A,measured the 123 pin of U49,the resistance value was 0ohm.
Found the whereabouts of 1D8V_S0,was the North bridge or the capacitor.Adjusted the
regulated power supply to be 1.5V,the maximum current was limited about 3A,started to burn the
machine,found that there was a problem with C444,is shown in figure 22-94.Then removed it,there
442
was no short circuit on 1D8V_S0.
Figure 22-94 the real object of C444
Damaged C444
Installed CMOS battery first,then plugged the power,the current jumped to be more than
1A,CPU power supply was normal.Then connected the screen,the machine was light,entered into
the system,everything was normal,then this machine was repaired.
author:songweihai)
Example 26 Lenovo Zhaoyang E43G power down after triggering
Machine model:Lenovo Zhaoyang E43G
Board No.:Quanta DA0LE9MB8E0 REV:E
Fault phenomenon:no trigger,power down after triggering
Received the machine of Zhaoyang E43G,was the integrated graphics card,the South bridge
was 82801IBM,EC was IT8502,the board No.
was DA0LE9MB8E0.Unplugged the battery and
connected to the adjustable power supply,the
standby current was 0.05A,i thought it was
high,pressed the switch,there was no reaction to
the current.Disassembled the machine
directly,took the switching line out and
observed carefully,the switching line was
obviously broken.Found the drawing and
measured the interface of the switch board,is shown in figure 22-95,the 8 pin was the switch
pin,connected this pin to the ground,the current rose from 0.05A to 0.13A,but dropped to 0.05A
again,the whole process lasted about 0.5s.
Measured and found that there was no the South bridge standby voltage,but i could not find
the reason why there was no the South bridge standby voltage.Then i asked the student from
XUNWEI,he told me that about the board of Quanta,after triggering,then there was the South
443
bridge standby voltage.Then,measured the standby voltage of the South bridge and RSMRST#
signal at the moment of triggering,they were normal.At the moment of starting up,the memory
power supply was normal,but there was no the bus +1.05V.+1.05V was controlled and produced
by PU9,is shown in figure 22-96.
Figure 22-96 the screenshot of PU9 circuit

Observed the working conditions of PU9,the 2 pin,the 9 pin and the 13 pin should be 5V,the
15 pin should be high level,but measured and found that just the 9 pin and the 13 pin were 5V,the
2 pin was 1.3V.Measured then resistance value,it was normal,then removed PC146,the voltage was
normal,started up normally and the machine was light.
author:lol1034446006)
Example 27 HP 510 power down repeatedly and restart after starting up
Machine model:HP510
Fault phenomenon:power down repeatedly and restart after starting up
Connected the adapter,the standby was 0.02A,it was normal,triggered and the current jumped
to 0.12A,then powered down,repeated this action.Measured the voltage on the large
inductance,there was no CPU voltage,the voltage of others was normal.
Then measured the opening signal of CPU directly,found that there was no voltage.So there was
no problem with CPU voltage,i thought that there was a problem with a certain small voltage.When
measured Q41,found that there was no voltage on the 4 pin,is shown in figure 22-97.
444
There was no voltage on Q41,it was abnormal.Measured that there was no voltage on the 1
pin of R417,according to the drawing,found out Q43,is shown in figure 22-98.
The principle of the production of GATE_3S,the high level of SLP_S3#_3R controlled Q52
and Q54 conducted,then Q53 was cut off,the 1 pin of Q43 was pulled low,Q43 was
conducted,+VBATR flowed to GATE_3S through Q43.Measured and found that R781 became to
be infinitely large,replaced the resistance and powered on,then the machine was light.
author:zhourongjian123)
Example 28 Lenovo V450 power down when starting up
445
Machine model:Lenovo V450

Fault phenomenon:powered down after starting up
The current was 0.33A after staring up,powered down after a few second,and could repeat to
trigger after powering down.
From the fault phenomenon,not instant power down,and to be the standby after powering
down,could repeat to trigger,i though that the voltage was not enough first.Observed the
board,there was no water,but EC was replaced.Measured the resistance value of each large
inductance,found that it was normal,and the voltage of each inductance was normal,there was also
CPU power supply,so the main voltage was normal,then it was impossible that the power down
caused by the lack of the voltage.
Since the voltage was normal,then measured the condition of the reset.Measured the PG
signal VGATE of the CPU voltage first,is shown in figure 22-99.
Figure 22-99 the CPU power supply chip send VGATE
VGATE was only 1.36V,from the circuit diagram,after PU2 outputting VGATE,it was pulled
up to be high level(all the power chips were the open drain output PG)it was obviously that this
pin should be 3.3V.Measured that the diode value of the 1 pin was 530,it was normal,found out
PR8,measured one end of +3VS was 1.36V,it was normal.
Found out the production origin of +3VS,was U20,is shown in figure 22-100.
Analyze the circuit principle of U20:the low level of SUSP controlled Q32 to be cut off,then
+VSB through R450 pulled up the G pole of U20,U20 was conducted completely,+3VALW
converted to be +3VS.Measured that the D pole 3.3V of U20 was normal,the S pole was only
1.36V,measured that the G pole was only 2.18V,found R450,measured that one end of +VSB was
19V,the resistance value of R450 was 47kΩ,it was normal,removed C572,the fault was still
existing.Measured that the voltage of the G pole of Q32,it was 1.63V in standby,after powering
on,it was 1.74V,it was obviously abnormal.Measured the G pole SUSP of Q30,it was 3.3V in
standby,after powering on,it was 0V,it was normal. Used the buzzing gears to measured that the G
446
pole of Q32 and the G pole of Q30,it was normal,determined that the wire was broken.Then
jumped wire immediately,powered on again,the fault phenomenon was still existing:the current
jumped to 0.33A,then powered down a few seconds later.
Figure 22-100 the production origin of +3VS
After powering down,measured that the G pole of Q32 was 1.72V,and the G pole of Q30 was
1.72V,though a while,cocked Q32,measured that the voltage of the G pole was normal,took off
Q32 and measured that the diode value between the G pole and the S pole was about 950,the
reverse diode value between the D pole and the S pole was more than 900,the performance of Q32
was poor,which caused electric leakage.
Replaced Q32,plugged the memory,the current was normal,used the oscilloscope to measure
2
I C bus of LVDS interface,there was the action of reading the screen,then this board was repaired.
Summarize,there were two faults in this machine,the line of the G pole of Q32 was broken,the
performance of Q32 was poor.
Example 29 HP 4411 power down repeatedly after starting up
Machine model:HP 4411
Fault phenomenon:power down repeatedly after starting up
Colleagues sent the machine of HP 4411,plugged power and the current was 0.03A-0.02A-023A-
0.03A-0.02A-0.023A…,after triggering automatically,powered down repeatedly.Measured and found
that there were other voltages except the CPU voltage,it seems that it was lack of the CPU voltage.
Opened the drawing directly,is shown in figure 22-101,the main power supply V5IN was
5V,it was normal.Then measured directly that the opening signal 34 pin was 0V.Measured that the
diode value was more than 300,it seems that the external did not send signal.
447
Figure 22-101 the screenshot of the circuit where CPU power supply chip is
As shown in figure 22-102,PWR_GOOD_3 was sent by the “Big Or Gate” circuit.Measured

that the 5 pin was 1.37V,the 6 pin was 1.99V,found the voltage of both ends of R27,was
1.37V,removed R16 and C17,the voltage was 1.44V,it seems that there was no problem with these
two components.Measured that the voltage of +5S and +3S was normal,then there must be the
problem with the remaining PG signals.Measured that the voltage of the 1 pin and the 2 pin of
D1001 was 3.3V,when removed R15 and plugged power,the current was 0.98A and not jump,it
seems that the problem was found out.Since after disconnecting V1.5S_PG,it was normal,then
measured +V1.5S voltage.The production circuit of +V1.5S is shown in figure 22-103,measured
and found that +V1.5S output normally,then there was a problem with PG output of the chip
APL5930.I though,since the voltage was normal,then ignored PG and removed R15
directly,plugged the memory,connected the screen,the current was normal,the machine displayed.
448
Figure 22-102 “Big Or Gate” circuit
Figure 22-103 the screenshot of the production circuit of +V1.5S

The maintenance examples of other faults
Example 30 ASUS A8E large short circuit when install battery
Machine model:ASUS A8E
Board No.:A8E/A8S
Fault phenomenon:it was normal when plugged the adapter,it was large short circuit when
plugged the battery
This board was inflow water and been repaired by others,it could start up normally when
plugged the adapter,it was also normal when just installed the battery,but if installed the battery
and plugged the adapter at the same time,there was the large short circuit.
449
About this fault,in general,considered

the battery discharge tube,is shown in figure
22-104,Q8800 is the battery discharge
tube,removed it first.
Tried to power on again,the fault was
still existing,the voltage of the regulated
power supply was pulled low,powered off
immediately,tested carefully again.As
shown in figure 22-105,when removed the
charging top tube Q8802,it was no short circuit.There was the P channel tube,i thought that other
maintenance man installed the tube incorrectly,then found a P channel tube to replace,tried again,it
was still the large short circuit.I though that it was the charging chip who caused it.Then found a
charging chip on the board to replace,powered on,the fault was still existing.
Figure 22-105 the screenshot of the charging circuit

At this time,thought for a while,because the large short circuit was caused by installing the
battery,so i thought if this machine could not be installed the battery,and it also could charge the
voltage?Then,took out the battery immediately,then made CHG_EN# to be artificial grounding,is
shown in figure 22-106.Because EC could not detect the battery,so it would not send the low level
of CHG_EN#.When pulled CHG_EN# low,cheated the charging chip,made it thought that it was
EC who sent the charge enable signal.
450
Figure 22-106 the screenshot of the circuit where CHG_EN# is

It was really effective,the charge chip started PWM,and output the voltage,used the universal
meter to measure,found that the voltage was 19V.No wonder it would cause the large short
circuit,then it was easy,according to the working principle of the charge chip,MODE set the
number of batteries in series,no matter how to connect MODE,it would not cause that PWM output
19V,the only possibility was that there was a problem with the top tube or the voltage feedback.
There is the original of the pin definition of MODE pin:
Trilevel Input for Setting Number of Cells and Asserting the Conditioning Mode:
MODE = GND; asserts conditioning mode.
MODE = float; charge with 3 times the cell voltage programmed at VCTL.
MODE = LDO; charge with 4 times the cell voltage programmed at VCTL.
The top tube has been replaced before,then there was only a problem of the voltage
feedback.Measured the diode value of the BATT pin of the chip and the battery interface,found
that it was more than 300,then measured the BATT pin and the ground,they were 0.Observed
carefully and found,when a maintenance man handled the water fault,repaired the line of the
BATT pin,he could not repair it,but connected FB to the ground.Then removed the original line
immediately,repaired the line again,then measured the BATT and the battery interface,it was
normal.
Installed the battery again,plugged the adapter,the current was 1.5A when not start up,started
to charge,triggered and started up,everything was normal,repaired it successfully.
451
Example 31 Lenovo s10.2 dark screen

Machine model:Lenovo s10-2
Fault phenomenon:dark screen
Received a s10-2,the fault was the dark screen,replaced the screen,but it was also dark
screen.As shown in figure 22-107,measured that the 20 pin of the screen interface was
19V,but found that BKOFF# was 0V,powered off and the resistance value was 6Ω,it was
obviously the short circuit,removed C10,it was still the short circuit.
Figure 22-107 the screenshot of the screen interface circuit
Found out the origin of BKOFF#,connected to EC(KB926),is shown in figure 22-108.Cocked

BKOFF# of EC,then measured BKOFF#,it was no short circuit,judged that EC was damaged.I
thought,since other functions were normal,it was not necessary to replace EC.
Figure 22-108 EC send BKOFF#
Solution:jumped the wire from +LCDVDD to BKOFF# directly,started up to measure,it was

light normally.Because after detecting the graphics card,then there was the voltage on the
+LCDVDD,so that it would not cause the white screen and other problems.
author:the student from XUNWEI Ouyang Jin)
452
E-mail：dbqq@phei.com.cn
388

Lap Top Repair Book Chapter 4chapter20 Analysis of The Laptop Battery Charging Circuit

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lap Top Repair Book Chapter 4chapter20 Analysis of The Laptop Battery Charging Circuit

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

第 Chapter 20

Analysis of the laptop battery charging circuit

Table 20-1 the pin definition of MAX1772

4 REF 4.096V 基准电压输出

1 the power input pin

6 the output current regulation loop compensation end

TEMP_MBAT:battery over temperature indicator.

Figure 20-2 the application of MAX1772 in CT6

Figure 20-3 the battery interface signal of CT6

The working process:

Figure 20-5 the top view of ISL88731 pin name

The pin definition of ISL88731 is shown in table 20-2.

Table 20-2 the pin definition of ISL88731

1 the vacant pin

3 the reference voltage output,the standard value is 3.2V.

5 the vacant pin

6 the compensation point voltage regulation loop

7 the vacant pin

9 the system management bus

10 the system management bus

11 the system management bus module power supply

outputs the high level,needs for external pulling up.

14 the vacant pin

15 the battery voltage feedback

16 the vacant pin

17 the charging current detection negative input terminal

18 the charging current detection positive input terminal

20 the G pole driver signal of the charging down tube

21 the linear voltage of 5.2V output

22 the main power supply input

23 the phase pin,the top tube driving loop

24 the G pole driver signal of the charging top tube

25 boot-strap send,supplies power to the driver of the top tube

27 the adapter current detection negative input end

28 the adapter current detection positive input end.

Figure 20-6 the typical application of ISL88731

In the figure 20-6:the explanation of the working process of ISL88731:

Short trouble,usually lead to the chip burning hot,burning,etc,it will

seriously damage the adapter.

any boot phenomenon,for example,power light and hard drive indicator

Power down faults,is generally divided into power down in the

moment of starting up,power down after starting up for a few seconds to

tens of seconds,power down irregularly during using,etc.

No lights when starting up,also called “the black screen” fault.It

Interface fault,it refers to the fault of the sound card,the network

card,USB,the hard disk CD-ROM,the fan and other interfaces.

circuit of the adapter input voltage,the short circuit of VIN main

short circuit of other voltage.

The short circuit of the motherboard voltage will cause a sharp

increase in the current,after the motherboard powering up,we generally

and determine whether there is a short circuit or not.In general,the

standby current of the laptop motherboard is 0.01A-0.06A,some

motherboards are 0.09A,its not the fixed standard.If connects the DC

regulated power supply,the current is about 5A,it use the power

adapter,the LED indicator on the power adapter will flash,this kind of

phenomenon is generally the short circuit of the input voltage of the DC

regulated power supply.If connects the DC regulated power supply,the

standby current is increased,at this time,you need to measure some

voltage points of the motherboard,to determine whether the motherboard

been triggered causes the current increasing or not,it not,then is

In actual maintenance,if we haven’t the corresponding the laptop

motherboard drawing,its difficult to measure the short circuit of some

adapter being input,then through the conversion of the PWM