ASSIGNMENT 11 – Lic.

Gestión Cultural

Task 1: Pre- reading

Have you ever been to the Perito Moreno? Invent 5 questions in Spanish/English that you would like to know about A BIG
ICE TOUR to the Moreno Glacier. (Please, do not read the text that follows before doing this activity ;) (¿Has viajado
alguna vez al Perito Moreno? Invente 5 preguntas en español o en inglés de lo que le gustaría saber si tuviera que hacer
un tour de CAMINATA SOBRE LOS HIELOS DEL GLACIAR. Por favor, no lea el texto que sigue antes de hacer este
ejercicio ;)

Example:

Is the tour expensive? ¿Es caro el tour?

Task 2 (Reading)

Let´s read and see if you find the answers to your questions! (¡Leamos y veamos si se respondieron tus preguntas del
ejercicio anterior!)

Big Ice Tour at Perito Moreno Glacier

19 Reviews

What you can expect during your visit:

 You must wear face masks required for travellers in public areas
 You can find hand sanitizers everywhere
 Social distancing is required throughout the experience
 Guides must require travellers for regular hand wash

Overview
We will explore deep into the Perito Moreno Glacier during the Big Ice Tour. On this adventure from El Calafate, we will sail across
the otherworldly blue of Lago Argentino and disembark on the ice of the glacier itself. You have to wear some crampons and follow
your expert adventure guides into the interior of the glacier. We will explore the deep crevasses, caves and underground lagoons.

Those in bad physical condition can not take this excursion.

You have to wait at the hotel to be picked up and you will be dropped off at most of El Calafate hotels if they are located in the city
centre. You have to inform what hotel you are staying in advance.

What's Included
Hotel pick up and drop-off from most hotels in El Calafate
Harnesses and Crampons
An expert English/Spanish speaking Guide
X Lunch
X Gratuities
X Entrance fee to the National Park
Departure and Return

Departure Point
Traveller pickup is offered to centrally located hotels in Calafate.

Departure Time
You must be ready at 7:00 AM
Pick up time can be subject to change due to weather conditions and weight restrictions.

Price:
from $309.05
Lowest Price Guarantee

Cancellation Policy
All sales are final. You should learn more about cancellation penalties in the link below:

Read more about Big Ice Tour at Perito Moreno Glacier 2020 - El Calafate –
https://www.viator.com/tours/El-Calafate/Big-Ice-Tour-at-Perito-Moreno-Glacier/d935-5239P71?mcid=56757

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

1. Read again. Where was this text taken from? (Instructions for this activity in assignment 3).

From a tourist blog

From an encyclopedia
From a marketplace for tours
From an instructions manual

2. Find words in the text with the following meanings: (Instructions for this activity in assignment 5)

a) concerned with the world of imagination or the world to come (in overview)

b) (geology) a deep crack in the earth's surface, the ice of a glacier, etc.(in overview) (plural)

c) gifts of money, over and above payment due for service, as to a waiter or bellhop; tip. (in what´s included)

d) punishments for breaking a law or violating a rule (in Cancellation Policy - LINK)

3. Contextual reference. What do the highlighted words refer to in the text?

You:
Your:
This excursion:
They:
GRAMMAR AWARENESS

In the text, there are some sentences with MODAL VERBS. Let´s see some examples: (En el texto hay oraciones
con VERBOS MODALES. Veamos algunos ejemplos:)

What you can expect during your visit…

You must wear face masks required for travelers in public areas.
You can find hand sanitizers everywhere.
Guides must require travellers for regular hand wash.
You must be ready at 7:00 AM.
Pick up time can be subject to change due to weather conditions and weight restrictions.
You should learn more about cancellations in the link below.

These MODAL VERBS function as auxiliary verbs and they express the MODALITY of the main verb they accompany.
(Los verbos modales son una categoría de verbos auxiliares que expresan el modo del verbo principal al cual
acompañan).

One of the particularities of the modal verbs is that they don’t work as verbs by themselves. On the contrary, they have to
be accompanied by another verb in order to make sense. (Una de las particularidades de los verbos modales es que no
funcionan como verbos por sí solos, deben estar acompañados por otro verbo para tener significado/sentido).

Each one of the modal verbs has its own use and meaning in English. Most of the time, each modal verb can have more
than one use and, in these cases, their meanings can vary. (Cada uno de los verbos modales tiene su propio USO y
SIGNIFICADO en Inglés. Mayormente, los verbos modales pueden tener más de un uso, y en algunos casos, el
significado puede variar.) Let´s see their uses. Veamos sus usos:

Can
The verb “can” is used to express ability, possibility, to make a request or to ask for permission, and it can even be used
to make an offer or a suggestion. Additionally, in its negative form, CAN’T, it can be used to express inability or
impossibility.

Examples of the modal verb “can”:

Can you come home early today?
Can you help me?
I can call you later.
Steve can’t fix the phone.
Marian and Louise can jump very high.
Dario can play the piano.
Lisa can come early if you want, she doesn’t have homework today.

Could
This verb has many different possible uses. It can be used to talk about ability and permission in the past. Also, just like
the modal verb “can”, “could” can be used to make questions, requests, suggestions or offers, but in a more polite way
than CAN. It is also used to talk about possibilities, but not so strong possibility as the one expressed with “can”. Its
negative form is “couldn’t”.

Examples of modal verb “could”:

I could go to the market with you if you’d like.
Could you pass me the salt, please?
Andy was free at the moment, so she could go to the movies with him.
Could I go play with Samantha?
I couldn’t jump very high when I was little.
It could rain tomorrow.
May
The use of “may” as a modal verb is to talk about permission in the present, to make suggestions and to talk about
possibilities as well. However, MAY is much more polite than “can” or “could”. Its negative form, “may not”, is often used to
talk about not giving permission.

Examples of modal verb “may”:

May I go to the toilet, please?

Mary may go to your party later.
May I help you with anything?
I can’t help you with the homework, but your brother may be able to do so.
It may be a good idea to go to school early.
Leyla may not stay out of home late.

Might
The modal verb “might” is used to express possibility in the present or in the future. It can be used as the verb “may” most
times. However, it often means that the event has less possibility of happening than when it’s said using MAY. Its negative
form, “might not”, is used to talk about possibilities but in a negative way.

Examples of the modal verb “might”:

I heard that tomorrow it might rain.

Don’t call Laura right now; she might not be in school.
Zack has a new dance teacher that you might like.
Irina might need your help later.
Leslie might go to Canada this summer.
This art class looks interesting, I might take it.

Will
The main use of the modal verb “will” is to make reference to the future. However, it also has many other important uses,
like to talk about wishes, requests, demands, to make predictions and assumptions, to make promises and to talk about
spontaneous decisions and also to talk about habits. When talking about demands and requests, the use of will
sometimes is not as polite as other modal verbs. Its negative form is “won’t”.

Examples of modal verb “will”:

The dog will play with its tail for hours.

Do you need help? I will help you!
Look at the sky, it won’t rain later.
Manuel thinks his team will win the championship.
I don’t have my phone here, but I will call Nancy as soon as I can.
Will you turn off the light?

Would
The use of the modal verb “would” can be similar to the modal verb “will”, both are used to make wishes and to make
requests. However, “would” implies a much more polite way to do so. It’s also used to talk about habits in the past, to
make arrangements, to state preferences and to make invitations.

Examples of the modal verb “would”:

I remember I would stay awake all night reading when I was young.
Would you open the window, please?
I would love to sing, thanks!
Would you like to play basketball with me on Sunday?
I would rather have water, please.
Would you prefer dark or white chocolate?
Shall
This modal verb is more common in British English than in American English. It’s usually used to make offers,
suggestions, to talk about options, and to ask about what to do, but in a very polite way. Its negative form, “shall not” is
commonly used to talk about things that are forbidden or not allowed.

Examples of the modal verb “shall”:

Shall I help you with your bags?

Great, let’s meet later. Shall we say 3 p.m. then?
You shall not forget to bring your bike.
He shall be replaced with a new music teacher.
Shall we begin eating?

Should
As a modal verb, “should” has many important uses in the English language. It’s used to give advice or to make
suggestions, to express what’s right, and to recommend an action. Also, it’s used to make predictions, but they are more
uncertain than those with the other modal verbs. Its negative form is “shouldn’t”.

Examples with modal verb “should”:

We should arrive on time if we leave now.

Lana thinks that we should meet on Thursdays.
Should I stay here?
The kids should start studying soon.
I think you should buy a blue car instead of a red one.
Maybe we should check everything again.

Must
The modal verb “must” is the perfect option to talk about necessity. Also, it’s used to talk about possibilities, but in a much
more certain way. Additionally, this verb can be used to talk about advice and strong recommendations.

Examples with the modal verb “must” :

I must go. I have a doctor’s appointment soon.

You mustn’t use mom’s tablet without her permission.
Patricia has been studying all day, she must be tired.
The new film is great, you must see it!
James must be a teacher, he knows a lot about science.

Have to

Though not a modal verb, we use 'have to' to talk about things we must do, things we are obliged to do.

Examples with the modal verb “have to”

I have to wear a uniform at work.
I have to get up early every day to go to work.
I have to study hard.

Don´t have to
We use 'don't have to' or doesn`t have to´ to talk about things we have a choice about, things we aren't obliged to do.
Things that are NOT necessary.

Examples with the modal verb “don´t/doesn`t have to”

In this University, we don`t have to wear a uniform.

We don´t have to be present in all the classes.
Mara doesn`t have to wake up early today. It´s her free day.
4. Choose the more natural-sounding option:

1. She looks pretty sick. I think she ________ go to a doctor.

can
should

2. You've been driving all day. You ________ be exhausted!

must
should

3. You ________ smoke so much. It's bad for your health.

can't
shouldn't

4. Hey I'm lost. ________ you help me?

Should
Can

5. You have such a beautiful voice. You ________ sing for us!
should
can

6. I know he speaks five languages, but ________ he speak Arabic?

should
can

7. That looks very expensive. It ________ have cost a fortune!

must
should

8. I ________ believe that you failed your test!

can't
shouldn't

9. I'm on my way. I ________ be there in about 10 minutes.

can
should

10. I ________ afford that.

shouldn't
can't

Task 3: (After-reading)

Imagine a friend of yours from LONDON is travelling to Buenos Aires for a Conference. He wants to come to Rosario for 3
days this summer. (Imagina que un amigo viaje desde Londres a Buenos Aires para una conferencia. El quiere venir a
Rosario por 3 días este verano.)

In pairs, invent a conversation. You have to include 3 POSSIBLE ACTIVITIES, 3 IMPOSSIBLE ACTIVITIES and 3
SUGGESTIONS in the conversation. Get ready to read it to the rest of the class! (En parejas, van a inventar una
conversación. Deben incluir 3 actividades posibles, 3 imposibles y 3 sugerencias en la conversación. ¡Estén
preparadas/os para presentar la conversación al resto de la clase!)
 This is the beginning of the conversation:

Hi …. I´m travelling to Buenos Aires city this November. I`d love to visit you for three days.

Can I go to Rosario by a fast train?

https://www.learnenglishfeelgood.com/esl-mixed-modals2.html

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/modal-verbs-of-ability-exercise-1.html

https://www.learnenglishfeelgood.com/esl-mixed-modals3.html