Final Report On Assessment Concept Design and Layout For Proposed Rainwater Harvesting Infrastructure in Southwestern Bangladesh - 2

Final Report on
Assessment, Concept Design and Layout for Proposed Rainwater

Harvesting Infrastructure in Southwestern Bangladesh
Prepared by
Syed Azizul Haq, PEng
Architect Md. Ashraful Alum
Idyllic Design-RAiN Forum

Address: F3, Raja Villa
13, Lake Circus, Kolabagan , Dhaka
Phone: +88 02 9121248, 01713044077
Email: idyllicdesign11@gmail.com
info@rainforum.org
www.rainforum.org
Final Report on
Assessment, Concept Design and Layout for Proposed Rainwater
Harvesting Infrastructure in Southwestern Bangladesh
Prepared by
Syed Azizul Haq, PEng

Architect Md. Ashraful Alum

Phone: +88 02 9121248, 01713044077
Email: idyllicdesign11@gmail.com
info@rainforum.org
www.rainforum.org
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Table of Contents
Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................... 1
1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 2
2. Rainwater Harvesting System basic: ........................................................................................... 2
2.1. Catchment ......................................................................................................................... 3
2.2. Gutters and Pipes ............................................................................................................... 3
2.3. Filters ................................................................................................................................. 4
2.4. Storage facility ................................................................................................................... 5
2.5. Devices to draw water out from storage tank ..................................................................... 5
3. Rainwater harvesting efficiency ................................................................................................. 7
4. Benefits of rainwater harvesting benefits................................................................................... 7
5. Disadvantages of rainwater harvesting ...................................................................................... 7
6. Sustainability of Rainwater Harvesting systems.......................................................................... 8
7. Cultural acceptability of Rainwater Harvesting systems.............................................................. 8
8. Maintenance of rainwater harvesting system ............................................................................ 8
9. Effectiveness of rainwater harvesting technology ...................................................................... 8
10. Methodology of the study ...................................................................................................... 9
11. Data collection for designing RWH system ............................................................................. 9
11.1. Catchment Data ........................................................................................................... 10
11.2. Meteorological Data ..................................................................................................... 10
11.3. Site Information ........................................................................................................... 12
11.3.1. Key Social Findings of 33 sites ................................................................................... 13
11.3.2. Model Site name: Munsiganj Degree College (building 1 and 2) ............................... 14
11.3.3. Major site Observation from Munshiganj Degree College site ................................... 29
11.4. Drinking water demand & Rainwater harvesting storage calculation ............................ 29
11.5. The design consideration of RHS at Munshiganj Degree College…………………………………. 33
11.5.1. Soil type ................................................................................................................... 33

11.5.2. Site location and risk factor ...................................................................................... 35
11.5.3. Climate resilient construction ................................................................................... 35
12. The details design of rainwater harvesting system for Mushiganj Degree College................. 37
13. Costing/BOQ of rainwater harvesting system at Munshuganj Degree College for four options
39
13.1. Option 1: According to ToR guidelines catchment area and storage tank ...................... 39
13.2. Option 2: Consultant recommended catchment area and According to ToR guidelines
storage tank ................................................................................................................................ 41
13.3. Option 3: According to ToR guidelines catchment area and consultant recommended
storage 43
13.4. Option 4: Consultant proposed catchment area and storage tank ................................ 45
13.5. Cost Summary of four (4) RHS options .......................................................................... 47
13.6. Advantage and disadvantage of four (4) RHS options.................................................... 47
13.7. Life Cycle Assessment of RWH System: ......................................................................... 50
14. Recommendation ................................................................................................................ 50
14.1. Management and Institutional Arrangements .............................................................. 51
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Executive Summary
Due to climate change, saltwater intrusion is increasing in low-lying coastal areas of the
Bangladesh. Moreover, climate change will increase the frequency and intensity of disasters
like cyclone for example SIDR (2007) and AILA (2009) have caused massive havoc in the
coastal region of Bangladesh and destroyed most of the fresh water sources in this region.
Recent World Bank findings indicate that Climate change will cause significant changes in
salinity in the southwest coastal area of Bangladesh by 2050. These changes are likely to lead
to significant shortages of drinking water in the coastal urban areas, scarcity of water for
irrigation for dry-season agriculture, and significant changes in the coastal aquatic
ecosystems.
This report presents a study on potentiality of rainwater harvesting in institutional level which
conducted in five unions in Sathkira of Southern Bangladesh, quantifies the prospective
relationship between drinking water supply and demand, assessment of location specific
details survey, identification of suitable adaptation alternatives, and costing of adaptation.
This study also investigated institutional -scale rainwater harvesting (RWH) systems as a
water supply strategy to meet drinking water demands. It envisions collecting rainwater from
building roofs and routing it to a tank. Each building or building cluster would incorporate a
self-contained water supply system, including all facilities required to filter/treat/disinfect the
water to meet drinking water demands within and around the building(s).
These large-scale rainwater harvesting systems are as dependent on rainfall, and the proper
sizing of the storage tank. Examining an institutional-scale RWH system entails
considerations of the required facilities, the costs, the sustainability, the governance
requirements the conditions required to ensure a RWH strategy.
The study also has analyzed the appropriateness of RWH system components considering the
local context of Southern part of Bangladesh. Detail site information and site specific RWH
system design has been drawn for clear understanding the exact establishment of solving
water demand to particular area. Climate resilience modern materials versus local engineered
structural viability and the implementation consequences are deeply dig down to assess the
executional path way of RWH system in the institutional buildings. The detail costing of a
moderate size RWH system in Munshigonj Degree College has been developed to understand
per unit cost of infrastructure. Institutional arrangement is very much imperative and the
modality of management is covered in the study.
1. Introduction
Water scarcity is an abstract concept to many but a stark reality for every citizen of
Bangladesh like others. While we have ample sources of fresh water, people in the
southwest coastal region of Bangladesh experiences extreme shortage of fresh drinkable
water due to salinity. The struggle for the water in this part of the country is immense.
Scarcity of water is hampering in every sphere of life of the people living in the southwest
coastal part of Bangladesh. In spite of several interventions of government for bringing
out a positive change, little progress was made because of poor efficiency and
sustainability of the mitigating measures taken. Moreover, at times, the salinity issue was
even overlooked by the government. For example, according to BBS-2013, 98.5%
populations within the country have access to fresh water but this study did not
incorporate the issues of salinity, which would have significantly reduced the above
statistical data. Bangladesh is mostly a low lying flood plain with southern and south
western region is at sea level or only a meter or two above the sea level. The coastal
region of Bangladesh, especially the southwest region is being affected by the major
consequences of climate change, e.g. sea level rise, salinity intrusion, frequent natural
hazards and so on. Sea level rise would cause saline water to enter into the flood plains
and new areas, in each year, thereby increasing salinity marching with time. To draw
examples we might not have to look in near future. Over the last few decades, salinity is
engulfing new areas almost every year, which will have a huge impact on the accessibility
to potable water in the near future.
It is evident that fresh water crisis is rising and there is no other way out other than taking
immediate actions. We need strong devotion and collaborative work to mitigate this crisis
and bring stability in the lives of the people of the Southwest coastal regions. Against this
backdrop, RAiN Forum has initiated an in-depth pilot study for Satkhira district in order
to locate the effective, efficient and sustainable water solution for the people of the
southwest coastal region
2. Rainwater Harvesting System basic:

Rain water harvesting (RWH) is catching rain water when it falls and storing to use
during the non-rainy season. Harvested rain water can be utilized for several purposes
including drinking, washing, gardening, flushing etc. This is practiced throughout the
world and it is increasing in demand. A potable system would need to consist of all food
grade materials, and water would need to be properly treated to meet drinking water
quality standards.
A rainwater harvesting system is comprised of three main components:
a. Collection Area – roof surfaces provide an opportunity for rainwater capture

b. Conveyance System – used to transfer water and is comprised of gutters or flat roof
drainage holes, and downspouts and piping
c. Water Storage – may be above or below ground and can be comprised of tank
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2.1. Catchment
Catchment is the area where rain water is collected. This can be the roofs in a rooftop
RWH system and the driveway, landscape or any other surface in a runoff system.
Catchment
Fig2.1: Typical Module of RWH at Satkhira District of Bangladesh
2.2. Gutters and Pipes

In a roof top system gutters and pipes are used to collect and transport water to the
storage tanks. These should be properly supported and sufficiently strong to carry and
keep loaded water during the heaviest rain. These pipes and gutters can be made of
PVC or metal, but PVC is the widely used. In a runoff system the need of gutters and
pipes are a minimum as water is collected at the ground level.
Fig2.2: Rainwater harvesting systems gutters and pipe
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2.3. Filters
Filters are used to filter out the debris that comes with the rooftop water and prevent
them being added to the storage tank. There are various filter devices, which must be
chosen according to the purpose of using harvested rainwater.
 Mesh filters – a wire mesh fixed at the mouth of or on the down pipe to
prevent leaves and debris from entering the system in water.
 First-flushing devices – first flush device is a valve that ensures the runoff
from the earliest rains are flushed out and does not enter the system. (The
first rains carries relatively larger amount of pollutants and dust from the
air and catchment surface)
Fig 2.2: First flush diverter
 Sedimentation tank – This is be used for sedimentation of fine particle of

the rainwater. The most suitable place of sedimentation tank considering
the rural context of Bangladesh is below the ground
Fig 2.3: Sedimentation tank
 Filtration Chamber :
The chamber can be any size and can be placed anywhere. However it is
very effective to consider the water volume and flow rate to determine the
size of Filtration chamber. The chamber needs to maintain periodically and
for that the device should have easy access to maintain.
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Fig 2.4:Filtration Chamber
2.4. Storage facility

 Shape
Cylindrical, rectangular hexangular and square
 Material of construction
Reinforced cement concrete, (RCC), Ferro cement, masonry, plastic

(polyethylene) or metal (galvanized iron) sheets
 Position of tank
Above ground, partly underground, fully underground
2.5. Devices to draw water out from storage tank

Devices such as hand pumps, motorized pump or tap can be used to pump water from
these storage tanks and recharge tanks to the points where water is used. The device
depends on the position of the tank and the use of water.
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Fig.2.5: A schematic diagram of a rainwater harvesting system (storage tank, below
ground)
Fig2.6: Typical Rainwater Harvesting System (storage tank, above ground)
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3. Rainwater harvesting efficiency
The efficiency of rainwater harvesting depends on the materials used, design and
construction, maintenance and the total amount of rainfall. A commonly used
efficiency figure, runoff coefficient, which is the percentage of precipitation that
appears as runoff, is 0.8. For comparison, if cement tiles are used as a roofing
material, the year-round roof runoff coefficient is about 75%, whereas clay tiles
collect usually less than 50% depending on the harvesting technology. Plastic and
metal sheets are best with an efficiency of 80-90%. For effective operation of a
rainwater harvesting system, a well-designed and carefully constructed gutter system
is also crucial. 90% or more of the rainwater collected on the roof will be drained to
the storage tank if the gutter and down-pipe system is properly fitted and maintained.
4. Benefits of rainwater harvesting

Rainwater harvesting in urban and rural areas offers several benefits including
provision of supplemental water, increasing soil moisture levels for urban greenery,
increasing the groundwater table via artificial recharge, mitigating urban flooding and
improving the quality of groundwater. In homes and buildings, collected rainwater
can be used for irrigation, toilet flushing and laundry. With proper filtration and
treatment, harvested rainwater can also be used for showering, bathing, or drinking.
The major benefits of rainwater harvesting are summarized below:
 Rainwater is a relatively clean and free source of water
 Rainwater harvesting provides a source of water at the point where it is
needed
 It is owner-operated and managed
 It is socially acceptable and environmentally responsible
 It promotes self-sufficiency and conserves water resources
 Rainwater is friendly to landscape plants and gardens
 It reduces storm water runoff and non-point source pollution
 It uses simple, flexible technologies that are easy to maintain
 Offers potential cost savings especially with rising water costs
 Provides safe water for human consumption after proper treatment
 Low running costs
 Construction, operation and maintenance are not labor-intensive.
5. Disadvantages of rainwater harvesting
The main disadvantages of rainwater harvesting technologies are the limited supply
and uncertainty of rainfall. Rainwater is not a reliable water source in times of dry
periods or prolonged drought. Other disadvantages include:
 Low storage capacity which will limit rainwater harvesting, whereas,
increasing the storage capacity will add to the construction and operating costs
making the technology less economically feasible
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 Possible contamination of the rainwater with animal wastes and organic matter
which may result in health risks if rainwater is not treated prior to
consumption as a drinking water source
 Leakage from tanks can cause the deterioration of load-bearing slopes
 Storage tanks can be unsafe for small children if proper access protection is
not provided.
6. Sustainability of Rainwater Harvesting systems

Rainwater harvesting is one of the most promising alternatives for supplying water in
the face of increasing water scarcity and escalating demand. The pressure on water
supplies, increased environmental impact from large projects and deteriorating water
quality, constrain the ability to meet the demand for freshwater from traditional
sources. Rainwater harvesting presents an opportunity for the augmentation of water
supplies allowing the same time for self-reliance and sustainability.
7. Cultural acceptability of Rainwater Harvesting systems

Rainwater harvesting is an accepted freshwater augmentation technology in southern
parts of Bangladesh. While the bacteriological quality of rainwater collected from
ground catchments is poor, rainwater from properly maintained rooftop catchment
systems, which are equipped with tight storage s and taps, is generally suitable for
drinking and often meets the WHO drinking water standards. This water is generally
of higher quality than most traditional water sources found in the developing world.
Rooftop catchment of rainwater can provide good quality water which is clean enough
for drinking, as long as the rooftop is clean, impervious and made from non-toxic
materials and located away from over-hanging trees.
8. Maintenance of rainwater harvesting system

Maintenance is generally limited to the annual cleaning of the tank and regular
inspection and cleaning of gutters and down-pipes. Maintenance typically consists of
the removal of dirt, leaves and other accumulated material. Cleaning should take place
annually before the start of the major rainfall season. Filters in the inlet should be
inspected every about three months. Cracks in storage tanks can create major
problems and should be repaired immediately.
9. Effectiveness of rainwater harvesting technology
The feasibility of rainwater harvesting in a particular locality is highly dependent on

the amount and intensity of rainfall. As rainfall is usually unevenly distributed
throughout the year, rainwater harvesting can usually only serve as a supplementary
source of household water. The viability of rainwater harvesting systems is also a
function of the quantity and quality of water available from other sources, household
size, per capita water requirements and available budget.
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It would appear that the potential for slight contamination of roof runoff from
occasional bird droppings does not represent a major health risk. Nevertheless,
placing taps at about 10 cm above the base of the rainwater storage allows any debris
entering the tank to settle on the bottom, where it will not affect the quality of the
stored water, provided it remains undisturbed. Finally, effective rainwater harvesting
schemes require community participation which is enhanced by:
 Sensitivity to people’s needs
 Indigenous knowledge and local expertise
 Full participation and consideration of gender issues, and
 Taking consideration of prevailing farming systems as well as national policies and
community by-laws.
10. Methodology of the study

We primarily selected 60 different potential sites where drinking water crisis
was severe. Afterward, for 45 sites, a physical survey followed by detailed
digital survey and soil test was conducted to test the feasibility of the
rainwater harvesting system .Finally, 33 sites were identified as suitable for
installing rainwater harvesting option. Then we contacted the key persons of
these 33 site authority and wanted to know their opinion. They readily
accepted the proposal and promised to ensure the access of the local people to
the rainwater harvesters. Most of the key persons suggested that the storage
facility of water should be constructed in a way that consumes minimum space
of their ground. They also committed to take the responsibility of the
maintenance of the installed rainwater harvesters.
11. Data collection for designing RWH system
Catchment types
Meteorological data
Data to be collected for

Site info, observation
designing RWH system
Water demand &

purpose of usage
Design consideration
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11.1. Catchment Data
Tiled
Roof tops Tin sheets
CATCHMENTS RCC
Paved
Land surface Semi -paved
Unpaved
Total catchment area of all exiting building of Munshuganj Degree College is 790 sq. meter
where according to ToR guidelines catchment area is 315 sq. meter.
11.2. Meteorological Data
Annual Rainfall
METEOROLOGICAL DATA
Rainfall Distribution
Peak Rainfall
Intensity
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Table 11.2.1: Decadal average rainfalls for BMD stations in Bangladesh (Islam
and Morshed-2014)
BMD Longitude Latitude 1961- 1971- 1981- 1991- 2001-

station 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Barisal 90.37 22.72 1964.2 2056.1 2188 2059.2 2069.49
Bhola 90.65 22.68 2088.8 2558.22 2410.4 2182.2 2234.83
Bogra 89.37 24.85 1496.6 1765.11 1873.6 1819.9 1687.51
Chandpur 90.7 23.23 1909.33 1612.25 2586.1 1982.9 1957.61
Chittagong 91.82 22.35 2718.7 2640.9 2960.3 2984.3 2617.88
Comilla 91.18 23.43 2400.33 1873.22 2052.3 2178.7 2061.4
CoxsBazar 91.97 21.45 4023.8 3126.22 3687.6 3778.8 3854.37
Dhaka 90.38 23.78 1967.8 2079.67 2203.8 2087.7 2086.94
Dinajpur 88.68 25.65 1726.6 2115.9 1989.1 2035.32
Faridpur 89.85 23.93 1636.3 1872.5 2020.4 1833.1 1697.79
Feni 91.42 23.03 2490.57 3116.9 3131.7 2730.93
Hatiya 91.1 22.45 2837.6 3172 2739.56 3028.6 3273.07
Ishurdi 89.03 24.15 1470.86 1918.63 1614.6 1521.2 1400.46
Jessore 89.33 23.2 1965.7 1825.33 2494.6 2240.5 2435.7
Khepupara 90.23 21.98 2539.57 2489.5 2945.9 2832.11
Khulna 89.53 22.78 1509.11 1943.67 1854.4 1698 1873.66
Madaripur 90.18 23.17 3002 2437.13 3486.1 3000.8 2767.62
Maijdeecourt 91.1 22.87 1987 2119.3 2010.4 2133.1
Mymensing 24.73 90.42 1986.8 1939.71 2472.1 2302.4 2279.26
Patuakhali 90.33 22.33 2224 2758.3 2653.3 2594.04
Rajshahi 88.7 24.37 1482.6 1627.22 1547.3 1496.1 1374.91
Rangamati 92.15 22.63 2605.13 2392.9 2418.5 2756.2 2499.68
Rangpur 89.27 25.73 1826.67 1876.78 2423.2 2155.8 2350.01
Sandwip 91.43 22.48 3103.6 3677.33 3381.7 3348.4 3982.03
Satkhira 89.08 22.72 1642.57 1559.22 1766.2 1748.3 1763.48
Sitakunda 91.7 22.63 2414.33 3374.7 3136.3 3130.48
Srimongal 91.73 24.3 2378.56 2091.22 2326.56 2253.6 2490.54
Sylhet 91.88 24.9 3931.4 3783.44 4509.3 4033.1 3863.23
Teknaf 92.3 20.87 2530.25 3865.9 4481.6 4240.36
Table 11.2.1 shows Decadal average rainfalls for in Satkhira and average yearly rainfall in
Satkhira is 1700 mm.
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Fig: 11.2.1: Average Monthly rainfall data (mm) in Satkhira (2001-2013)
11.3. Site Information
The following issues were taken into consideration before finalizing the sites:
 Site Condition
 Infrastructure survey including roof area, roof slope, and roof type.
 Downpipe and gutters of exiting building.
 Available space for installing reservoir, roof and filter medium.
 Availability of locally manufactured material
 Availability of local expertise for drilling, installation and maintenance.
 Socioeconomic condition and affordability of the local people.
After we were satisfied with our mentioned prerequisites, we select 33 sites for further
analysis.
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11.3.1. Key Social Findings of 33 sites
 Extreme scarcity of safe drinking water exists in this region.

 People need to walk for several kilometer in order to gain access to fresh water
sources
 High incidence of waterborne diseases in the areas where the local people claims to
have fresh water options indicates that the prevailing sources are failing to serve its
purpose
 PSF, the most widely used source for fresh water, are vulnerable to contamination
from several sources, e.g.:
o different natural calamities
o humus in the form of falling leaves
o surface runoff
 The color pond water, where the PSFs are operating, has nutrients content, implying
that the water source is somehow affected by wastewater.
 The local people feel that their miseries regarding fresh water scarcity can be
managed and mitigated with the installation of rain water harvesters.
 The longevity of the rainwater harvesting system depends on its maintenance on a
regular basis. The local people are committed to offer some financial support on a
regular basis for the maintenance of Rain Water Harvesters, if installed in their area.
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11.3.2. Model Site Profile: Munsiganj Degree College (building 1 and 2)
UNDP Site SI no: 78 and 79, RF SI no: 33
Latitude: 22°15'58.12"N, Longitude: 89° 9'11.07"E

Site Location  Village: Sardar Munsur Garaz.
 Union: Munsiganj
 Upazila: Shamnagar
 District: Satkhira
Details layout plan of Site
Main Drinking Water Source RWH

Proposed Building Type Educational
Number of building 2
Site Chief name /Position / Vidu Sroba Mondal, Principle, 01715489606
Contact Number
Assistant Chief Contact Mustofa Abdul Hamid, Vice Principle ,01715489603
person & Number
Available space to install 334 Yes
cubic meter
Available open space that is Yes
not used for any purpose
Space for filtration Yes
infrastructure (minimum 100
sft)
Power connectivity available REB, Good
and condition
Total land area 3 Acre
Total open area 2.2 Acre
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Land elevation (Mean Sea 6 ft. (Google earth)
Level)
Highest Flooding Depth During Cyclone Aila, 4 ft.
Groundwater level (ft.) 200 ft. (Apporx) local opinion
Drinking water tube well No
Total perimeter 450 meter
Site boundary available 160 meter
Nearby surface water Yes, 50ft
(ponds) source and distance
Salinity in nearby Pond No

Potential threats No
(Industry/Chimney) of
surface water/rainwater
pollution
Height of nearby N/A
industry/brickfield chimney
Site Boundary condition
Availability filter materials Yes
(Coarse sand, stone)
Skilled construction Yes
manpower availability
Nearby Hospital/community Harinagor Red Crescent Maternity Hospital, 1.2 km
clinic name and distance
Nearby Bazar name and Jelekali bazar,(1.3km) Monsor bazar(1 km)
distance
Distance from Upazilla 18 km, Easy Bike & Motor Bike
Sadar and medium of
communication from
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Road network condition Moderate
from site to Upazilla Sadar
Building Information
Number of floor Two, Single
Roof dimension (m) Two storied building (16.5X8)
Single storied building 1 (28X6.5)
Single storied building 2 (11X7.7)
Semi Pacca Building 1 (16.4 X 7.7)
Semi Pacca Building 2 (16.6 X5.6)
Semi Pacca Building 3 (22 X 8)
Under construction building (32 X 10)
Two storied building
Single storied building 1
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Single storied building 2
Semi Pacca building 1
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Under construction building
Roof slope (mm) Two storied building (1:1000)

Single storied building 1 (1:1000)
Single storied building 2 (1:1000)
Semi Pacca Building 1
Roof Area (sq.m) Two storied building (130)
Single storied building 1 (185)
Single storied building 2 (85)
Semi Pacca Building 1 (125)
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Roof Condition and Two storied building (Good)
treatment Single storied building 1 (Roof treatment needed)
Single storied building 2 (Roof treatment needed)
Semi Pacca Building 1 (Need replacement of exiting tin shade)
Under construction building
Roof type: two storied RCC
building
Roof type: Single storied RCC

building 1
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Roof type: Single storied RCC
building 2
Roof type: Semi pacca Tin shade

building 1

building 2
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building 3
Roof treatment needed for Required

RWH
Any obstacles on roof (tree, Yes
garbage storage, others)
Roof area covered by 15%
tree/garbage storage/others.
Rainfall intensity 1700 mm annually
Potentiality of rainwater 455 cubic meter

volume (85% efficiency)
annually for According to
ToR guidelines building
structure
Secondary catchment area, 475 sq.m
other than According to ToR
guidelines building structure
Potentiality of rainwater 685 cubic meter
volume (85% efficiency)
annually for building
structure other than
According to ToR guidelines
Existing Downpipe No
availability
Available drawing of No
building
Available drainage pipe No
network
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Construction completions 2002 and 2005
Evidence of leakage on N/A
existing pipe network
Number of toilets in building 4
Number of occupants in the 700 (students and teachers)

building
Evidence of wall damping Yes
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Wet section of the top ceiling Yes
Broken PSF
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Existing rainwater harvesting
storage for drinking purpose
of building occupants
Site boundary
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Site boundary
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Site boundary
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Soil test
More site photos Play ground
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11.3.3. Major site Observation from Munshiganj Degree College site
Concrete Structure
There are three RCC building structures in Munshiganj Degree College site.
One is two-storied and the other two are single-storied. The condition of two-
storied building is better compared to both of the single-storied buildings.
Semi Pacca structure

There are also three semi pacca building structures which can be a potential
catchment area for rainwater harvesting, Since the roof condition of these
structures are not good therefore replacement of exiting tin shade would be
required.
Total land area of the Munshuganj Degree College is nearly 3 acres, where
0.8acre area is occupied by building structure, pond and monument. The rest
of the area is used for playground and waking way. Total perimeter of land
area is 450 meter, where the site boundary occupies only 160 meter.
11.4. Drinking water demand & Rainwater harvesting storage

calculation
Storage capacity of rainwater harvesting system is an important component.

The volume of the storage can be determined by the following factors:
 Average annual rainfall – if the rainfall intensity is high, a large tank is
needed. For Satkhira the annual rainfall is 1700 mm.
 Period of water scarcity – if the rainfall pattern is evenly distributed
throughout the year the tank can be smaller and if the rain is confined
to few months or weeks, tank should be a larger one. During social
survey, a large number of local people said that they faced a
tremendous short of drinking water in the month of March to April.
 Type and size of the catchment – if the catchment area (eg. rooftop) is
larger, the size of the required should be larger too.
 Water requirements – depends on the usage of harvested water.
 Number of persons in the household – if the number of persons using
water is high a larger should be stationed.
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The reservoir size calculation is based on below formula:
Size ( )=I A C
Where,
I= Rainfall intensity during monsoon period in meter

For Satkhira it is 1.257 m
A= Roof area of the proposed buildings in
C=0.85, Coefficient
Total annually harvested water (m)
Volume, V (m³) = I × A × C
Where,
I= Rainfall intensity during monsoon period in meter

For Satkhira it is 1.7 m
A= Roof area of the proposed buildings in m²
C=0.85, Coefficient
Considering the above formula, we calculate According to ToR guidelines building

catchment area as well as steel tank above ground and consultant recommended
maximum catchment area and RCC storage below ground and categorized them in
four (4) options.
 Option 1: According to ToR guidelines catchment area and storage

 Option 2: Consultant recommended catchment area and According to ToR
guidelines
 Option 3: According to ToR guidelines catchment area and consultant
recommended storage
 Option 4: Consultant proposed catchment area and recommended storage
Table 11.4.1: Characteristics of Four (4) options Rainwater harvesting system
Type Catchment Annual volume Tank volume Tank type Tank location Length(m) Width(m) Depth/H Dia(m)
area(m²) of rainwater(m³) (m³) eight(m)
Option 1 315 455 334 Steel Above ground 4 10.5

Option 2 790 1142 837 Steel Above ground 5.25 14
Option 3 315 455 334 RCC Below ground 16 10 2
Option 4 790 1142 837 RCC Below ground 40 10 2
30 | P a g e
Table 11.4.2: Drinking water demand calculation of Munshiganj Degree College and nearby
village
Types of Number of Daily demand Monthly Demand in liter Demand in

benificieries recipients in liter cubic meter
Student and 500 1+2=3/Stn 3 ltr X 22 days X 500 stn = 33
Staffs of 33,000 Ltr
Institutions 1500
Villagers 1500 1500 x 2 = 2 ltr X 30 days X 1500 90
3000 person =
90,000 Ltr
Total 123
The demand calculation is based on number of students/staff and nearby villagers, In
the case of Munshiganj Degree College, the total number of students/staff is
approximately 500 and number of residents nearby village is nearly 1500. For
students and staffs of the college, consultant 3 liter drinking water per person where
one liter for drinking purpose during working hour and another two liter to take away
to their home. For resident of the nearby villages, the consultant 2 litre/Person. Based
on this calculation, the monthly drinking water demand for for students/staffs and
nearby villagers of Munshiganj Degree College is nearly 123m³.
Table 11.4.3: Monthly rainwater collection and distribution to the college students/staffs and
villagers
Month Average monthly Monthly volume of Demand in cubic meter

precipitation (mm), precipitation in cubic
Column 2 meters
Jan 12.00 8.16 123

Feb 18.00 12.24 123
Mar 34.00 23.12 123
Apr 60.00 40.80 123
May 170.00 115.60 123
Jun 294.00 199.92 33
Jul 346.00 235.28 33
Aug 308.00 209.44 33
Sep 299.00 203.32 33
Oct 175.00 119.00 123
Nov 28.00 19.04 123
Dec 4.00 2.72 123
Total 1166 11
31 | P a g e
Table 11.4.3 shows the monthly volume of rainwater that can be collect from
Munshiganj Degree College catchment area. The consultant to provide drinking
water to the students/staff and nearby villagers from October to May and from June to
September the consultant to provide drinking water only to the students/staff of
Munshiganj Degree College.
32 | P a g e
11.5. The design consideration of rainwater harvesting system at
Munshiganj Degree College
11.5.1. Soil type
33 | P a g e
34 | P a g e
11.5.2. Site location and risk factor
During cyclone AILA, Satkhira receives the highest amount of impacts in its
infrastructures including educational institutions, religious institutions, roads,
bridges, embankments etc. Among the unions of the Shyamnagar upazila
Munshigaj and Gabura were mostly affected. Local people and school
authority said that during the cyclone AILA the peak of the flooding was
about 4-feet at Mushiganj Degree College. The site is 1 km away from the
nearby canal, which is connected by a sluice gate of Malancho River.
11.5.3. Climate resilient construction
As the site is near to coastal belt, it is vulnerable to tidal surge during cyclone.
In this regard all structure should be constructed with climate resilient
consideration. In order to improve the durability of concrete in moist saline
environments consider:
 Using a quality assurance certified cement manufacturer, concrete

batcher and supplier.
 The water to cement ratio – do not add extra water on site.
 Curing procedures and duration.
 Choice of cement & concrete sulphate resistant or higher strength, to

suit the site conditions.
 Choice of salt resistant admixture (Desalt-S01 & Foam-Lub).
 Vibration to remove entrapped air and ensure good placement in and

around the reinforcing and formwork.
 Increasing the amount of concrete cover over steel reinforcement.
 Minimizing cracks in the final structure.
 Minimizing ponding of water on or next to concrete.
 Use of drinkable water for concrete mixing.
 Making mortar in proper ratio of water-cement and cement-sand.
 Choice of sulphate resistant cement for making mortar.
 Choice of salt resistant admixture (Desalt-S01 & Foam-Lub).
 Proper curing at least 14-21 days.
35 | P a g e
Consideration for brick works in moist saline environments: Using best quality
brick. The characteristics of best quality brick are
 Size: Commonly used 9.5 x 4.5 x 2.75 inch size of bricks. Brick size
should be regular and uniform. Good quality bricks shouldn't exceed
the following tolerances in size -
In length they shouldn't exceed 3mm and in width and height 1.5 mm.
 Shape: Shape should be uniform of quality bricks. Edges of them

should be sharp, straight and right angle.
 Color of bricks: Well burnt brick i.e. good quality bricks always have
uniform color. Over burnt or less burnt bricks loose its uniformity of
color on its surface as well as its strength. So, a good quality brick
having uniform color throughout can be red, cherry or copper-colored.
Well burnt bricks give metallic ringing sound when struck with one
another.
 Surface finish: The surface of good quality brick should be free from
cracks, flaws, air holes and any defect or impurities. Broken surface of
good quality bricks should show uniform, compact and fine structure.
 Strength: Crushing strength of good quality bricks shouldn't be less

than 3.5 N/mm2. Crushing strength is tested in laboratory.
Quality bricks left no mark when scratched with thumb-nail. It is
indicate the hardness of brick.
Good quality bricks shouldn't break when dropped on ground from
about two feet height on their flat face in a saturated condition. In this
way we can be assured about its strength.
 Water absorption: Good quality bricks don’t absorb water more than
20% of its dry weight when soaked 24 hours in cold fresh water.
36 | P a g e
12. The details design of rainwater harvesting system
for Mushiganj Degree College
 Option 1: According to ToR guidelines catchment area and Steel storage tank above
ground
Pond
Under
Construction
Building Semi
Pacca
Road
Garden Single
Storied
Road
BH=1 Building
Catchment Area
Road
Double storied
Road
130.61 sqm
5000
Liter
tank
Shahid
Minar
Semi
Pacca
RAIN WATER
COLLECTION
TANK
340 cum
Ghat Toilet
Catchment Area
Single storied
184.38 sqm
Pond
Water
Tank
57.412 m
[188'-4"]
Building Layout Plan (Munshigong Degree College)

Option 1: UNDP proposed catchment area and storage tank
 Option 2: Consultant recommended catchment area and According to ToR guidelines

tank above ground
Tin Shed
Catchment Area-88.09 sqm
Pond
Under Construction 3 storied bldg
Tin Shed
Road
Catchment Area
Double storied
Garden
130.61 sqm
Road
BH=1
Road
Catchment Area
Garden
Double storied
Road
Open
130.61 sqm
5000
Liter
tank
Open
Shahid
Minar

Tin Shed
RAIN WATER
COLLECTION
TANK
800 cum
Ghat Toilet
Garden
Open
Catchment Area
Single storied
184.38 sqm
Pond
Water
Tank
57.412 m
[188'-4"]

Option 2: Consultant Recommendation Catchment Area and UNDP Proposed Tank
37 | P a g e
 Option 3: According to ToR guidelines catchment area and consultant recommended
storage tank below ground
Pond
Under
Construction
Building Semi
Pacca
Road
Garden Single
Storied
Road
BH=1 Building
Catchment Area
Road
Double storied
Road
130.61 sqm
5000
Liter
tank
Shahid
Minar
Semi
RAIN WATER Pacca
COLLECTION
TANK
340 cum
Ghat Toilet
Catchment Area
Single storied
184.38 sqm
Pond
Water
Tank
57.412 m
[188'-4"]
Layout Plan (Munshigong Degree College)

Option 3: UNDP Proposed Catchment Area and Consultant Recommendation Storage Tank
 Option 4: Consultant proposed catchment area and recommended storage tank below
ground
Tin Shed
Pond
Tin Shed
Road
Catchment Area
Double storied
Garden
130.61 sqm
Road
BH=1
Road
Catchment Area
Garden
Double storied
Road
Open
130.61 sqm
5000
Liter
tank
Open
Shahid
Minar

Tin Shed
RAIN WATER
COLLECTION
TANK
800 cum
Ghat Toilet
Garden
Open
Catchment Area
Single storied
184.38 sqm
Pond
Water
Tank
57.412 m
[188'-4"]
Layout Plan : Maximum Catchment and Underground Storage Tank

Option 4: Consultant Proposed Catchment Area and RCC Underground Storage Tank
38 | P a g e
13. Costing/BOQ of rainwater harvesting system at
Munshuganj Degree College for four options
All options approximate cost is given below. The amount of the cost is
based on Public Works Department (PWD) price schedule.
13.1. Option 1: According to ToR guidelines catchment area and

storage tank
Bill of Quantity (BOQ) DATE: 26.01.17
Project: Cost Estimate for Rain Water Harvesting System of Munshigonj Degree LOCATION: SHYAMNAGAR,
College (Option 1) SATKHIRA, BANGLADESH.
Sl. No Item Unit Quantity Rate(TK) Amount (TK)
1 Catchment Treatment
a) 75 mm Damp proof course (DPC) (1:1.5:3) in cement concrete with cement, sylhet
sand (F.M. 1.2) and stone chips including breaking chips, screening, centering,
shuttering, casting, curing and finished with a coat of bitumen including the supply
of water, electricity and other charges and costs of tools and plants etc. all complete
and accepted by the Engineer. sqm 315 1,174.00 369,810.00
b) 125 mm brick works with first class bricks in cement sand (F.M. 1.2) mortar (1:4) and
making bond with connected walls including necessary scaffolding, raking out joints,
cleaning and soaking the bricks for at least 24 hours before use and washing of sand
curing at least for 7 days in all floors including cost of water, electricity and other
charges etc. all complete and accepted by the Engineer. sqm 19 837.00 15,903.00
2 Rain water collection and Supply
a) Supplying 100 mm inside diameter best quality uPVC rain water down pipe and
supply pipe fitting, fixed in position with head and shoes, bends, min.20 mm width
F.I. Bar clamp and nails, and including all accessories such as round grating/domed
roof grating bands, sockets approved and accepted by the Engineer. rm 65.00 642.00 41,730.00
b) Supplying 12mm inside dia wall thickness 2.8mm-3.3mm best quality ABS pressure
pipe for water supply having specific gravity 1.35 - 1.45, and other physical, chemical,
thermal, fire resistivity properties etc. as per BSTI approved manufacturer standards
or ASTM, BS/ISO/IS standards fitted and fixed in position with sockets, bends, with
all accessories approved and accepted by the Engineer. (length: 6000 mm each)
rm 20.00 439.00 8,780.00
c) Supplying, fitting and fixing best quality 12mm CP bib cock etc. complete approved
and accepted by the Engineer each 5.00 682.00 3,410.00
d) Supply and installation First flush diverter all complete approved and accepted by
the Engineer. each 3.00 10,000.00 30,000.00
39 | P a g e
3 Rain water harvesting tank (Diameter = 10.5 m, Height = 4m) Sedimentation Tank
Size: 3mx2mx2m
a) Supply and installation of Rain water harvesting tank made of galvanized steel frame
with an internal bladder including supply of hardware, consumables, fittings etc. all
complete approved and accepted by the Engineer.
liter 340,000.00 15.00 5,100,000.00
b) Earthwork in excavation for concrete base and sedimentaion tank of any dimension
in all kinds of soil including cutting up to required depth including bailing out water
and throwing on the embankment, breaking clods, ramming and leveling, dressing in
225 mm layer with maintaining the side slopes and level of both tank and the
embankment as per design and accepted by the Engineer.
cum 50.00 147.30 7,365.00
c) One layer of brick flat soling in concrete base with first class or picked jhama bricks
including preparation of bed and filling the interstices with local sand, leveling etc.
complete and accepted by the Engineer.
sqm 120.00 355.00 42,600.00
d) Reinforcement cement concrete works using steel shutter with minimum cement
content relates to mix ratio 1:1.5:3 having minimum fcr=26mpa,and satisfying a
specified compressive strength f'c=21mpa at 28 days on cyliders as per standard
practice of code ACI/BNBC/ASTM& Cement conforming to BDS EN-197-1-
CEM1,52.5N(52.5MPa)/ASTM-C 150 Type -i,best quality sylhet sand or coarse sand of
equivalent F.M 2.2 and 20 mm down well graded stone chip conforming to ASTM C-33
making, shutter, placing shutter in position and maintaining .making shutter water
tight properly,placing reinforcement in position,mixing with standard mixer machine
with hooper.All complete approved and accepted by the Engineer
cum 75.00 10,970.00 822,750.00
e) Supplying,fabrication and fixing to detail as per design:Ribbed or deformed bar
reinforcement for reinforced cement concrete(M.S Fabrication work,Fy=400MPa.)
kg 4,700.00 85.00 399,500.00
f) Formwork/shuttering, prop and necessary supports etc. sqm 15.00 391.00 5,865.00
g) Waterproffing & Desalt Chemical Admixture LS 1.00 250,000.00 250,000.00
4 Pit
a) Construction of masonry pit with 250 mm thick brick work in cement mortar (1:4)
including necessary earth work, side filling and one layer brick flat soling, 75 mm
thick (1:3:6) base concrete for making invert channel and 12 mm thick (1:2) cement
plaster with neat finishing etc. all complete up to a depth of 700 mm approved and
accepted by the Engineer.( Size: Clear 600 x 600 mm) each 4.00 6,882.00 27,528.00
b) Construction and placing of R.C.C. inspection pit cover (slab) in (1:2:4) with 1%
reinforcement excluding M.H. cover with locking/unlocking arrangement including
necessary earth work, side filling shuttering, curing, cement plaster (1:4) with neat
finishing on edges and top etc. all complete approved and accepted by the
Engineer.( Size: 900 x 900 x 75 mm )
each 4.00 1,309.00 5,236.00
5 Supply and installation Solar panel in position all complete approved and accepted
by the Engineer. LS 1.00 300,000.00 300,000.00
6 Filter Gravels materials cum 4.00 6,355.00 25,420.00
7 UV Filter LS 1.00 400,000.00 400,000.00
8 Pump each 1.00 25,000.00 25,000.00
TOTAL 7,880,897.00
IN WORD: TK. Seventy eight lac eighty thousand eight hundred and ninty seven only.
40 | P a g e
13.2. Option 2: Consultant recommended catchment area and
according to ToR guidelines storage tank
College (Option 2) SATKHIRA, BANGLADESH.
2 Semi Paca Building Treatment(Tin Shed)
a) Labour & Material cost of MS Frame For Shed all complete and accepted by the
Engineer. sqm 400 2,700.00 1,080,000.00
b) Labour & Material cost of Cement Sheet all complete and accepted by the Engineer. sqm 400 1,075.00 430,000.00
rm 20.00 439.00 8,780.00
c) Supply, fitting and fixing gutters in position with all accessories approved and
accepted by the Engineer. rm 140.00 425.00 59,500.00
d) Supplying, fitting and fixing best quality 12mm CP bib cock etc. complete approved
e) Supply and installation First flush diverter all complete approved and accepted by
41 | P a g e
4 Rain water harvesting tank ( Diameter = 14m, Height = 5.25 m) Sedimentation Tank
Size: 3mx2mx2m
a) Supply and installation of Rain water harvesting tank made of galvanized steel frame
with an internal bladder including supply of hardware, consumables, fittings etc. all
complete approved and accepted by the Engineer.
liter 800,000.00 15.00 12,000,000.00
b) Earthwork in excavation for concrete base and sedimentation tank of any dimension
in all kinds of soil including cutting up to required depth including bailing out water
and throwing on the embankment, breaking clods, ramming and leveling, dressing in
225 mm layer with maintaining the side slopes and level of both tank and the
embankment as per design and accepted by the Engineer.
cum 65.00 147.00 9,555.00
c) One layer of brick flat soling in concrete base with first class or picked jhama bricks
sqm 185.00 355.00 65,675.00
d) Reinforcement cement concrete works using steel shutter with minimum cement
cum 115.00 10,970.00 1,261,550.00
e) Supplying,fabrication and fixing to detail as per design:Ribbed or deformed bar
kg 7,200.00 85.00 612,000.00
f) Formwork/shuttering, prop and necessary supports etc. sqm 20.00 391.00 7,820.00
g) Waterproffing & Desalt Chemical Admixture LS 1.00 400,000.00 400,000.00
5 Pit
each 14.00 1,309.00 18,326.00
8 UV Filter LS 1.00 400,000.00 400,000.00
9 Pump each 1.00 25,000.00 25,000.00
TOTAL 17,552,088.00
IN WORD: TK. One crore seventy five lac fifty two thousand and eighty eight only.
42 | P a g e
13.3. Option 3: According to ToR guidelines catchment area and
consultant recommended storage

College ( Existing Potential) SATKHIRA, BANGLADESH.
rm 20.00 439.00 8,780.00
c) Supplying, fitting and fixing best quality 12mm CP bib cock etc. complete approved
d) Supply and installation First flush diverter all complete approved and accepted by
43 | P a g e
3 Under Ground Water Reservoir(UGWR) Size:17mX10mX2m Sedimentation Tank
Size: 3mx2mx2m
a) Earthwork in excavation of tank of any dimension in all kinds of soil including cutting
up to required depth including bailing out water and throwing on the embankment,
breaking clods, ramming and leveling, dressing in 225 mm layer with maintaining the
side slopes and level of both tank and the embankment as per design and accepted
by the Engineer.
cum 480.00 147.30 70,704.00
b) One layer of brick flat soling in concrete base with first class or picked jhama bricks
sqm 190.00 355.00 67,450.00
c) Reinforcement cement concrete works using steel shutter with minimum cement
cum 125.00 10,970.00 1,371,250.00
d) Supplying,fabrication and fixing to detail as per design:Ribbed or deformed bar
kg 12,115.00 85.00 1,029,775.00
e) Formwork/shuttering, prop and necessary supports etc. sqm 750.00 391.00 293,250.00
f) Waterproffing & Desalt Chemical Admixture LS 1.00 500,000.00 500,000.00
4 Pit
each 4.00 1,309.00 5,236.00
7 UV Filter LS 1.00 400,000.00 400,000.00
8 Pump each 1.00 25,000.00 25,000.00
9 Supply and installation of foreign made food grade stainless steel water tank (6000
liter capacity) including supply of hardware, consumables, fittings etc. all complete
approved and accepted by the Engineer. each 1.00 68,740.00 68,740.00
TOTAL 4,653,986.00
IN WORD: TK. Fourty six lac fifty three thousand nine hundred and eighty six only.
44 | P a g e
13.4. Option 4: Consultant proposed catchment area and storage
tank

Project: Cost Estimate for Rain Water Harvesting System of Munshigong Degree LOCATION: SHYAMNAGAR,
College ( Option 4) SATKHIRA, BANGLADESH.
2 Semi Paca Building Treatment(Tin Shed)
a) Labour & Material cost of MS Frame For Shed all complete and accepted by the
Engineer. sqm 400 2,700.00 1,080,000.00
b) Labour & Material cost of Cement Sheet all complete and accepted by the Engineer. sqm 400 1,075.00 430,000.00
rm 20.00 439.00 8,780.00
c) Supply, fitting and fixing gutters in position with all accessories approved and
accepted by the Engineer. rm 140.00 425.00 59,500.00
d) Supplying, fitting and fixing best quality 12mm CP bib cock etc. complete approved
e) Supply and installation First flush diverter all complete approved and accepted by
45 | P a g e
4 Under Ground Water Reservoir(UGWR) Size:40mX10mX2m Sedimentation Tank
Size: 3mx2mx2m
a) Earthwork in excavation of tank of any dimension in all kinds of soil including cutting
up to required depth including bailing out water and throwing on the embankment,
breaking clods, ramming and leveling, dressing in 225 mm layer with maintaining the
side slopes and level of both tank and the embankment as per design and accepted
by the Engineer.
cum 1,150.00 147.30 169,395.00
b) One layer of brick flat soling in concrete base with first class or picked jhama bricks
sqm 450.00 355.00 159,750.00
c) Reinforcement cement concrete works using steel shutter with minimum cement
cum 290.00 10,970.00 3,181,300.00
d) Supplying,fabrication and fixing to detail as per design:Ribbed or deformed bar
kg 28,500.00 85.00 2,422,500.00
e) Formwork/shuttering, prop and necessary supports etc. sqm 1,150.00 391.00 449,650.00
f) Waterproffing & Desalt Chemical Admixture LS 1.00 1,000,000.00 1,000,000.00
5 Pit
each 14.00 1,309.00 18,326.00
8 UV Filter LS 1.00 400,000.00 400,000.00
9 Pump each 1.00 25,000.00 25,000.00
10 Supply and installation of foreign made food grade stainless steel water tank (6000
liter capacity) including supply of hardware, consumables, fittings etc. all complete
approved and accepted by the Engineer. each 1.00 68,740.00 68,740.00
TOTAL 10,646,823.00
IN WORD: TK. One crore six lac fourty six thousand eight hundred and twenty three only.
46 | P a g e
13.5. Cost Summary of four (4) RHS options
Option Types Amount in Storage Liter /BDT
BDT capacity(m ) (Storage )
Option 1 According to ToR guidelines catchment 7,880,897 455 17.32
area and storage
Option 2 Consultant recommended catchment area 17,552,088 1142 15.37
and according to ToR guidelines
Option 3 According to ToR guidelines catchment 4,653,986 455 10.22
area and consultant recommended storage
Option 4 Consultant proposed catchment area and 10,646,823 1142 9.32
storage
13.6. Advantage and disadvantage of four (4) RHS options
Option Advantages Disadvantages
Option1:According to - Steel tank is easy to install at the - As the tank will be placed above
ToR guidelines site ground it will be required
catchment area and significant space in the campus.
storage tank
- Steel tank can be assemble
within a short time - Allocation of space for the tank
would not be possible in some
schools/colleges due to shortage
- Less periodical maintenance is of land.
required
- For single stored building the
roof height will be bellow of tank
- More protective from height. In that case the tank will
contamination be submerged in the ground.
- Climate resilience as it will be - If the tank is sub-merged it will

fully sealed require the protection work
- Sedimentation chamber/tank,
filtration chamber will be
difficult to arrange above ground.
- It will be visually obstacle for the

students as the RWH structures
will occupy significant amount of
land and height.
47 | P a g e
- The proposed catchment area
will not be sufficient for meet up
the students demand round the
year.
- The steel tank might get heat up

as it will be exposed under sun
- If any damage or lick occurred,

the repairing work will be
difficult due to imported
material.
- After certain time (5 to 10 years),

the school/college authority may
not allow to carry the tank due to
new building construction
Option 2:Consultant - As the catchment size is

recommended catchment increased, the volume of
area and according to harvested water will be good
amount for the students and local
ToR guidelines tank
people round the year.
- The design will allow the

facilities to incorporate more Same as option-1
catchment for collecting
rainwater.
- Maintenance will be shared and

easy to operate the system
-
Option 3: According to - As the tank will be constructed - Underground RCC water
ToR guidelines below the ground, no open space reservoir will required intense
catchment area and will be hampered. Moreover, It is construction care and expert
very convenient to collect supervision to ensure quality and
consultant recommended
rainwater from rooftop durability.
storage tank catchment area
- De-salt chemical and cement is

- Sedimentation tank/chamber, required in the concrete and for
filtration system will be easily that skill and experienced
installed with the water reservoir. technician is required.
48 | P a g e
- The RCC water reservoir will be - If the water level is shallow then
constructed with the local de-watering facilities should be
technician ensure to maintain proper
construction
- Concrete joint need additional
- The underground water reservoir care during construction
can be shaped as per site.
- The volume can be enhanced as
per demand - Cleaning the underground water
reservoir will be difficult and
need huge fresh water
- Repairing the reservoir will not
be difficult part
- The land will be utilized as

playground/Assemble point
- School/college authority will

accept the system
Option4:Consultant
proposed catchment area
Same as Option-2 and Option-3 Same as Option-3
and recommended
storage tank
49 | P a g e
13.7. Life Cycle Assessment of RWH System:
Components Catchment, Leaf First Flush Pipe, valves, Filter Storage tank
catcher and gutters Diverter all opening Materials &
in storage Sedimentation
tank Tank
Maintenance Minimum once per After each Before Annually Before starting
month or after significant starting or two rainy season
each significant rainfall. rainy season times (annually).
rainfall for (annually). during the
hanging vegetation rainy
site. season.
100% Leaf catcher and Can sustain Can sustain Can sustain Can sustain
Change gutters should be every 5 every 7 to 10 every 3 every 30 to 50
changed in every 3 years cycle years cycle years years cycle
to 5 years cycle
14. Recommendation
Government of Bangladesh, in its strategic paper, also highlighted the
importance of Rainwater Harvesting for mitigating the water crisis of this
region. The government realized that Rainwater Harvesting system would help
to ensure a sustainable water solution for this part of the country. Such system
can also contribute to bring about immediate positive impact on the water
crisis scenario of Satkhira region. The government has also proposed
desalination plant based on modern technology, as a solution to the prevailing
scenario. But such solution involves high cost and requires cost intensive
maintenance on a regular basis. On the other hand, RWHS is based on simple
technology, which involves bare minimum maintenance cost.
RAiN Forum believes that if rainwater harvesting system is installed in these
proposed 33 sites, then water crisis at Shyamnagar upazila would be reduce to
a considerable level. The plan of the project and the sites selected will ensure
that the mass people:
 will have access to the installed water option

 need not to have to travel long distances to collect fresh water
 pay a negligible amount of money for the water
Via this plan, 100% fresh water will be ensured for the local community. On
the other hand, maintenance of the rainwater harvesting systems will also be
ensured.
50 | P a g e
14.1. Management and Institutional Arrangements
Institute Supporting Organization Support Activities
 Trustee Board  Monitoring  Involved in a Network
 Teacher and Guardian  Maintenance  Regular Training
Association  Repairing  Performance Monitoring
 Upozila Education Office  Management  Reporting
 Local Government  Renovation  Critical State
 Councilor Management
 Female Councilor
 Chairman
 DC/ADC
 DPHE
 Red Crescent
 Rover Scout
 Girls Guide
Water Stewardship
Students will enjoy the educational activities as well as the institution by performing the
leadership of the society.
51 | P a g e
Thus there would be developed so many new successful stories. Forming Water Stewardship
program, RAiN Forum suggest
1) Training
2) Execution
3) Networking
4) Self-sustaining development program.
RAiN Forum has devised this plan with a firm belief that the maximum sustainability and
efficiency of the rainwater harvesting system can be ensured by following the aforementioned
three phases, which are
a) Determining the potentiality and feasibility of RWHS,
b) Designing and constructing the RWHS according to plan and
c) Ensuring the proper maintenance of the installed RWHS.
Each of the phases has its own importance and thus be followed accordingly. All the
mentioned tasks in each of these three phases need to be conducted effectively thereby
ensuring the sustainability and maximum efficiency of the installed RWHS.
The amount of Rainwater that might be harvested may be insignificant but it is enough to
meet the demand of drinking water of the locality. At some places, the installed rainwater
harvesters had failed to ensure its sustainability. But such failure occurred only because of
lack of maintenance. In most of the cases, the installed rainwater fulfilled its promise of
ensuring the supply of potable water.
52 | P a g e
DRAWINGS of
Rainwater Harvesting System
For
Munshigonj Degree College, Shamnagar, Shatkhira, Bangladesh
Prepared By

Phone: +88 02 9121248, 01713044077
Email: idyllicdesign11@gmail.com, info@rainforum.org
www.rainforum.org
129.103 m
[423'-7"]
6.805 m 34.903 m 9.530 m 19.968 m 31.988 m 2.858 m 23.030 m

[22'-4"] [114'-6"] [31'-3"] [65'-6"] [104'-11"] [9'-5"] [75'-7"]
23.467 m
[77']
Pond
Under
12.414 m
[40'-9"] Construction
16.400 m
Building 10.053 m
[33'] Semi [53'-10"]
Pacca
Road
Garden Single
Ro ad Storied 11.250 m
[36'-11"]
BH=1 Building
Road
Double
16.349 m
Storied [53'-8"]
5000
Liter
Building
tank
105.971 m
Shahid
[347'-8"]
Minar 100.990 m
[331'-4"]
Semi 22.257 m
Pacca [73']
BH=2
8.104 m
[26'-7"] 4.413 m
Toilet [14'-6"]
Ghat
0.727 m
[2'-5"]
Garden
Open
Single
26.594 m Storied
Building
Pond
[87'-3"] 28.249 m
[92'-8"]
Water
Tank
57.412 m
[188'-4"]
47.295 m 57.379 m 4.828 m 6.328 m

[155'-2"] [188'-3"] [15'-10"] [20'-9"]
Site Plan (Munshigong Degree College) 115.880 m

[380'-2"]
UNDP Serial Number: 78,79 ,RF Serial Number :33 Drawing Title:
Site Plan of Munshigong Degree College Prepared By:
Name of the Building: Munshiganj Degree College
Location: Ward No - 01, Sardar Munsur Garaz, Munshiganj,
Shyamnagar, Sathkhira, Bangladesh. Page No: D-01 Date:26.1.2017 Scale: Not In Scale
GPS Co-Ordinates: 22°15'59.1"N 89°09'07.6"E
Semi
Pond Pacca
Under 2
Construction
Building Semi
Pacca
Road 1
Garden Single
Ro ad Storied
BH=1 Building
2
Road
Garden
Road
Open
Double
Storied
5000
Liter
Building
tank
Open
Shahid
33.317 m Open
Minar
[109'-4"]
Semi
Pacca
3
BH=2
Toilet
Ghat
Garden
Open
Single
Storied
Building
1
Pond
Water
Tank
57.412 m
[188'-4"]
Building Structure Layout Plan (Munshigong Degree College)
Building Structure Layout Plan Prepared By:
Name of the Building: Munshiganj Degree College
Pond
Under
Construction
Building Semi
Pacca
Road
aer At ne mhct a C
dei r ot s el b uo D
Garden Single
mqs 16. 031

Storied
Ro ad
BH=1 Building
Road
Road
5000
Liter
tank
Shahid
Minar Semi
Pacca
RAIN WATER
COLLECTION
TANK
340 cum
Toilet
Ghat
aer At ne mhct a C
dei r ot s el g ni S
mqs 83. 48 1
Pond
Water
Tank
57.412 m
[188'-4"]

Prepared By:
Name of the Building: Munshiganj Degree College Section (Moderate Catchment and Proposed Tank)
P P P P P P
P.L
G.L
Rain water Tank
Sedimentation
Tank
Section: Moderate Catchment and Above Ground Storage Tank

UNDP Serial Number: 78,79 ,RF Serial Number :33 Drawing Title: Section: Moderate Catchment and
Prepared By:
Name of the Building: Munshiganj Degree College Above Ground Storage Tank
321- a er A t ne mhct a C
dehS ni T
Tin Shed
Pond
aer A t ne mhct a C
dei r ot s el buo D
mqs 16. 031
Road
Garden
aer At ne mhct a C
mqs 16. 031
Ro ad
BH=1
Road
Garden
Road
Open
mqs 26. 971- a er A t ne mhct a C

5000
dehS ni T
Liter
tank
Shahid
Open
Minar
RAIN WATER
COLLECTION
TANK
800 cum
aer At ne mhct a C
Toilet
Ghat
mqs 83. 481
Garden
Open
Pond
Water
Tank
57.412 m
[188'-4"]

Option 2: Consultant Recommendation Catchment Area and UNDP Proposed Tank
Prepared By:
Name of the Building: Munshiganj Degree College Layout Plan (Maximum Catchment and Proposed Tank)
P P P P P P P P P P P
Rain water Tank

Sedimentation
Tank
Section : Maximum Catchment and Proposed Tank
Option 2: Consultant recommendation catchment area and UNDP proposed tank
Prepared By: Flat- F3, RAZA Villa, 113 Lake Circus, Kolabagan,
Name of the Building: Munshiganj Degree College Section : Maximum Catchment and Proposed Tank Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh.
Location: Ward No - 01, Sardar Munsur Garaz, Munshiganj, Phone : +88 02 9121248, +8801713044077
email : idyllicdesign11@gmail.com

Pond
Under
Construction
Building Semi
Pacca
Road
aer At ne mhct a C
Garden Single
mqs 16. 031

Storied
Ro ad
BH=1 Building
Road
Road
5000
Liter
tank
Shahid
Minar Semi
RAIN WATER Pacca
COLLECTION
TANK
340 cum
Toilet
Ghat
aer At ne mhct a C
mqs 83. 48 1
Pond
Water
Tank
57.412 m
[188'-4"]
Layout Plan (Munshigong Degree College)

UNDP Serial Number: 78,79 ,RF Serial Number :33 Drawing Title: Layout Plan: Moderate Catchment and Prepared By:
Name of the Building: Munshiganj Degree College Under Ground Storage
P P P P P P
Sedimentation
Tank
Rain water Tank
UNDP Serial Number: 78,79 ,RF Serial Number :33 Drawing Title: Section : Moderate Catchment and
Prepared By:
Name of the Building: Munshiganj Degree College Underground Storage Tank
Shyamnagar, Sathkhira, Bangladesh. Page No: Date:26.1.2017 Scale: Not In Scale
GPS Co-Ordinates: 22°15'59.1"N 89°09'07.6"E D-08
dehS ni T
Tin Shed
Pond
aer A t ne mhct a C
dei r ot s el buo D
mqs 16. 031
Road
Garden
aer At ne mhct a C
mqs 16. 031
Ro ad
BH=1
Road
Garden
Road
Open

5000
dehS ni T
Liter
tank
Shahid
Open
Minar
RAIN WATER
COLLECTION
TANK
800 cum
aer At ne mhct a C
Toilet
Ghat
mqs 83. 4 8 1
Garden
Open
Pond
Water
Tank
57.412 m
[188'-4"]
Layout Plan : Maximum Catchment and Underground Storage Tank

UNDP Serial Number: 78,79 ,RF Serial Number :33 Drawing Title: Layout Plan : Maximum Catchment and Prepared By:
Name of the Building: Munshiganj Degree College Underground Storage Tank
P P P P P P P P P P P
Sedimentation
Tank
Rain water Tank
Section: Maximum Catchment and Underground Storage Tank

UNDP Serial Number: 78,79 ,RF Serial Number :33 Drawing Title: Section: Maximum Catchment and
Prepared By: Flat- F3, RAZA Villa, 113 Lake Circus, Kolabagan,
Name of the Building: Munshiganj Degree College Underground Storage Tank Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh.
Location: Ward No - 01, Sardar Munsur Garaz, Munshiganj, Phone : +88 02 9121248, +8801713044077
Shyamnagar, Sathkhira, Bangladesh. Page No: Date:26.1.2017 Scale: Not In Scale
GPS Co-Ordinates: 22°15'59.1"N 89°09'07.6"E D-10

A B A C A C A B
15'-0" 15'-0" 15'-0" 15'-0" 15'-0" 15'-0" 15'-0" 15'-0"
33'-0"
35'-0"
C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1
(12"X18")
(12"X18")
(12"X18")
(12"X18")
(12"X18")
(12"X18")
(12"X18")
SB-1
SB-1
SB-1
SB-1
SB-1
SB-1
SB-1
A' B' A' C' 129'-0"
A' C' A' B'
Storage Tank Plan
UNDP Serial Number:78,79RF Serial Number:33 Design By Drawing by: Review by: Drawing Title Page No:D 11 Consultant:
Name of the Building:Munshiganj Degree College Ar.Tanvir Chowdhury Date:
Syed Azizul Haq,PEng Dr.Afzal Ahmed Storage Tank Plan Flat- F3, RAZA Villa, 113 Lake Circus, Kolabagan,
Location:Ward No - 01, Sardar Munsur Garaz, Munshiganj, Eng.Md. Sohorab Hossain
Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205.Bangladesh.
Ar.Md. Ashraful Alum Eng. Md. Moshiur Rahman
26.1.17
Shyamnagar, Sathkhira. Eng. Fuad Mollah
Phone : +88 02 9121248, +8801713044077
GPS Co-Ordinates: 22°15'59.1"N 89°09'07.6"E Eng. Nowsad Akram
Naveed Ferdous
Details Section
UNDP Serial Number:78,79RF Serial Number:33 Design By Drawing by: Review by: Drawing Title Page No:D-12 Consultant:
Syed Azizul Haq,PEng Flat- F3, RAZA Villa, 113 Lake Circus, Kolabagan,
Dr.Afzal Ahmed Details Section 26.1.17 Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205.Bangladesh.
Shyamnagar, Sathkhira. Eng. Fuad Mollah
Phone : +88 02 9121248, +8801713044077
Naveed Ferdous
5' 5' 5' 5'
16' 16'
SECTION BEAM SB-1

SIZE: 12"X 18"
SLAB
TIE DETAILS
COLUMN NOS.OF COLUMN
"3
ID REINFORCEMENT SIZE
12''
12''
C1 4-20mmØ
10mmØ@ 6"c/c
7'-0"
1) fy= 60,000 psi 1) fc'= 3,000 psi
2) Mix ratio 1 : 1.5 : 3
3) Use 100% sylhet sand (Minimum F.M.=2.5) fine aggregate
4) Use stone chips as coarse aggregate.
Column & Beam Details

Dr.Afzal Ahmed Column & Beam Details 26.1.17 Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205.Bangladesh.
Shyamnagar, Sathkhira. Eng. Fuad Mollah Phone : +88 02 9121248, +8801713044077
Naveed Ferdous
Damaged Tin Shade
Weak Frame
Cross Section
Existing Condition of Tin Shade Roof
New Tin Shade

Strengthen Frame
Cross Section
Repairing Process of Tin Shade Roof
26.1.17 Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205.Bangladesh.
Ar.Md. Ashraful Alum Eng. Md. Moshiur Rahman Dr.Afzal Ahmed Repairing Process of Tin
Shyamnagar, Sathkhira. Eng. Fuad Mollah Shade Roof
Phone : +88 02 9121248, +8801713044077
Naveed Ferdous
Existing Debris
Section of A-A': Condition -1

A A' Improper Slope
Water
Section of A-A': Condition -2
Existing Plan of Roof

Existing Condition of Roof (RCC)
Chipping & Cleaning the Surface Apply one coat grouting with admixture
STEP-01 STEP-02
Avg. 3" thick C.C casting(1:2:4) with admixture Wire mesh in the casting
Apply two coat cement grouting with admixture
STEP-03 STEP-04
Treatment Process of Roof (RCC)

Location:Ward No - 01, Sardar Munsur Garaz, Munshiganj, Syed Azizul Haq,PEng Eng.Md. Sohorab Hossain
Flat- F3, RAZA Villa, 113 Lake Circus, Kolabagan,
Dr.Afzal Ahmed Treatment Process of 26.1.17 Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205.Bangladesh.
Shyamnagar, Sathkhira. Eng. Fuad Mollah Roof (RCC) Phone : +88 02 9121248, +8801713044077
Naveed Ferdous
3D view of storage tank (above and below ground)
Munshiganj Degree College
Fig: 3D view storage tank (above ground) of Munshiganj Degree College
Fig 7.1: 3D view storage tank (above ground) of Munshiganj Degree College A
235 | P a g e
Fig 7.2: 3D view storage tank (above ground) of Munshiganj Degree College B
236 | P a g e
Fig 7.3: 3D view storage tank (partially above ground) of Munshiganj Degree College C
237 | P a g e
Fig 7.4: 3D view storage tank (partially above ground) of Munshiganj Degree College D
238 | P a g e
Fig 7.5: 3D view storage tank (below ground, Minimum potential) of Munshiganj Degree College E
239 | P a g e
Fig 7.6: 3D view storage tank (below ground, Minimum potential) of Munshiganj Degree College F
240 | P a g e
Fig 7.7: 3D view storage tank (below ground, maximum potential) of Munshiganj Degree College G
241 | P a g e

Final Report On Assessment Concept Design and Layout For Proposed Rainwater Harvesting Infrastructure in Southwestern Bangladesh - 2

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Final Report On Assessment Concept Design and Layout For Proposed Rainwater Harvesting Infrastructure in Southwestern Bangladesh - 2

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Final Report on

Assessment, Concept Design and Layout for Proposed Rainwater

Idyllic Design-RAiN Forum

Syed Azizul Haq, PEng

Idyllic Design-RAiN Forum

2. Rainwater Harvesting System basic: ........................................................................................... 2

2.1. Catchment ......................................................................................................................... 3

2.2. Gutters and Pipes ............................................................................................................... 3

2.3. Filters ................................................................................................................................. 4

2.4. Storage facility ................................................................................................................... 5

2.5. Devices to draw water out from storage tank ..................................................................... 5

3. Rainwater harvesting efficiency ................................................................................................. 7

4. Benefits of rainwater harvesting benefits................................................................................... 7

5. Disadvantages of rainwater harvesting ...................................................................................... 7

6. Sustainability of Rainwater Harvesting systems.......................................................................... 8

7. Cultural acceptability of Rainwater Harvesting systems.............................................................. 8

8. Maintenance of rainwater harvesting system ............................................................................ 8

9. Effectiveness of rainwater harvesting technology ...................................................................... 8

10. Methodology of the study ...................................................................................................... 9

11. Data collection for designing RWH system ............................................................................. 9

11.1. Catchment Data ........................................................................................................... 10

11.2. Meteorological Data ..................................................................................................... 10

11.3. Site Information ........................................................................................................... 12

11.3.1. Key Social Findings of 33 sites ................................................................................... 13

11.5. The design consideration of RHS at Munshiganj Degree College…………………………………. 33

11.5.1. Soil type ................................................................................................................... 33

11.5.3. Climate resilient construction ................................................................................... 35

13.5. Cost Summary of four (4) RHS options .......................................................................... 47

13.6. Advantage and disadvantage of four (4) RHS options.................................................... 47

13.7. Life Cycle Assessment of RWH System: ......................................................................... 50

14. Recommendation ................................................................................................................ 50

14.1. Management and Institutional Arrangements .............................................................. 51

2. Rainwater Harvesting System basic:

A rainwater harvesting system is comprised of three main components:

a. Collection Area – roof surfaces provide an opportunity for rainwater capture

Fig2.1: Typical Module of RWH at Satkhira District of Bangladesh

2.2. Gutters and Pipes

Fig2.2: Rainwater harvesting systems gutters and pipe

Fig 2.2: First flush diverter

 Sedimentation tank – This is be used for sedimentation of fine particle of

Fig 2.3: Sedimentation tank

2.4. Storage facility

Cylindrical, rectangular hexangular and square

Reinforced cement concrete, (RCC), Ferro cement, masonry, plastic

Above ground, partly underground, fully underground

2.5. Devices to draw water out from storage tank

Fig2.6: Typical Rainwater Harvesting System (storage tank, above ground)

4. Benefits of rainwater harvesting

5. Disadvantages of rainwater harvesting

6. Sustainability of Rainwater Harvesting systems

7. Cultural acceptability of Rainwater Harvesting systems

8. Maintenance of rainwater harvesting system

9. Effectiveness of rainwater harvesting technology

The feasibility of rainwater harvesting in a particular locality is highly dependent on

10. Methodology of the study

11. Data collection for designing RWH system

Data to be collected for

Water demand &

Roof tops Tin sheets

Land surface Semi -paved

11.2. Meteorological Data

BMD Longitude Latitude 1961- 1971- 1981- 1991- 2001-

11.3. Site Information