MODULE 1

Article XIV, Section 19 of the Philippine Constitution of 1987

The state shall promote physical education and encourage sports programs, league
competitions, and amateur sports, including training for international competition, to foster
self-discipline, teamwork and excellence for the development of a healthy and alert citizenry.

World Health Organization (WHO)

● Insufficient physical activity is one of the leading risk
factors for death worldwide.
● Insufficient physical activity is a key risk factor for
non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as
cardiovascular diseases, cancer and diabetes.
● Globally, 1 in 4 adults is not active enough.
● More than 80% of the world's adolescent population
is insufficiently physically active.
● WHO Member States have agreed to reduce
insufficient physical activity by 10% by 2025.

How much of physical activity is recommended?

Children and adolescents aged 5-17years- at least 60 minutes
Adults aged 18–64 years- at least 150 minutes moderate-intensity or 75 minutes of
vigorous-intensity
Adults aged 65 years and above- equivalent combination of moderate- and vigorous-intensity

PHYSICAL EDUCATION -Uses physical activity to promote development and well- being.

Health- “State of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely absence of
disease or infirmity.

Objectives of Physical Education

1. Physical Development- develop and maintain good health and a high level of physical
fitness.

1. Social Development- social traits needed for the adjustment to the social life in general.
Friendliness, Sportsmanship, Followership, Cooperation

1. Emotional Development- development of self-expression and emotional mastery.

Courage, self-control, self- confidence, determination

1. Mental Development- learns the mechanical principles underlying movement, knowledge

and understanding of rules and strategies
Goals of Physical Education
1. Fitness- optimal quality of life. Includes intellectual, social, spiritual, and physical
component.
2. Wellness- state of being that enables you to reach your fullest potential. Feeling good
about yourself and with having goals.

It is an ability to live an:

1. Active
2. Healthy
3. Meaningful
4. Productive life

Physical Fitness- ability of the body’s system to work efficiently. EFFICIENTLY,

means be able to do daily activities

Components of Physical Fitness

1. Health Related- body composition, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility,
cardiovascular fitness
● Body Composition- amount of muscles, bone and fat
-measured by skinfold thickness
Somototyping- identifying body types
Ectomorph- Light build and with small joints, long thin limbs and
lean muscle.
Very hard to gain weight and with fast metabolism
Needs a massive amount of calories to gain weight
Mesomorph-Large bone structure, large muscles, and a naturally
athletic physique. Responds the best to weight training and body building
Endomorph- Round physique, Gain fat easily, thick, arms and legs
Slow metabolism
● FAT- FREE MASS- considered as the lean body mass.
● BODY FAT- refer as adipose tissue that can be found in our muscle tissue

1. Skill related- agility, speed, balance, power, coordination, reaction time

● CARDIO VASCULAR FITNESS- ability of the circulatory and the respiratory systems to
supply oxygen, ability of the body to consume and use oxygen

CARDIO VASCULAR ENDURANCE

AEROBIC FITNESS

CARDIO RESPIRATORY FITNESS

requires a strong heart, healthy lungs, and clear body vessels

● FLEXIBILITY- range of motion available at a joint, ability to use your joint fully through a
wide range of motion, You are flexible when you’re muscle are long enough,
Flexibility is specific for each joints; therefore activities should be carefully selected to
increase flexibility in various muscle groups

● MUSCULAR ENDURANCE- ability to use your muscles many times without tiring.
● MUSCULAR STRENGTH- ability of the muscle to exert effort
● AGILITY- Ability to change the position of your body quickly,
● BALANCE- maintenance of equilibrium while stationary or moving
● COORDINATION- Ability to use your senses together with your body parts
● POWER- ability to use strength quickly.
● SPEED- ability to perform a movement within a short period of time.
● REACTION TIME- amount of time it takes to move once you realize the need to act.