2. fhw;Nw th!

ghujpahh;.
1. ghujpahh;-Mrphpah; Fwpg;G jUf.
ngah; : Rg;gpukzpa ghujpahh;
ngw;Nwhh; : rpd;drhkp-,yf;Fkp mk;khs;
Ch; : vl;laGuk;
NtW ngah;fs;: kfhftp> ghl;Lf;nfhU Gytd;>
ePLJapy; ePf;fg; ghbte;j epyh
gzp : nra;jpahsh;
mwpag;gLtJ : ftpQh;> vOj;jhsh;> tpLjiy tPuh;>
gilg;Gfs; : ghQ;rhyp rgjk;> ghg;gh ghl;L> fz;zd;
ghl;L> Fapy; ghl;L.
,jo;;fs; : ,e;jpah> RNjrkpj;jpud;.
ghujpahh; rKjha Vw;wj; jho;Tf;Fk;>
ngz; mbikf;Fk; vjpuhfg; ghly;fs;
vOjpdhh;.
fhyk; : 11.12.1882 – 11.09.1921.
2. „fhw;wpd;wp mikahJ cyf caphpuf;fk;‟ vd;gij ghujpahhpd;
trd ftpij thapyhf epWTf.
“fhw;Nw>th>
vkJ caph; - neUg;ig ePbj;J epd;W ey;nyhsp jUkhW
ed;whf tPR.”
fhw;Nw eP>
 G+f;fspypUf;Fk; kfue;jj; J}isr; Rke;J th.
 kdj;ij ksf;fr; nra;Ak; ,dpa thridAld; th.
 ,iyfspd; kPJk; ePh; miyfspd; kPJk; cuha;e;J th.
fhw;Nw eP vkJ caph;
 neUg;ig ePbf;fr; nra;J ey;y xsp jUkhW ed;whf tPR.
mjw;fhf eP>
 rf;jp Fiwe;J Ngha; mjid mtpj;J tplhNj. mjhtJ Fsph;j;J
tplhNj.
 Nga; Nghy tPrp kbj;J tplhNj. mjhtJ> mopj;J tplhNj.
 nkJthf> rPuhd eyj;Jld; neLq;fhyk; epd;W tPrpf; nfhz;bU.
 cdf;Fg; ghl;Lfs; ghLfpd;Nwhk;. cdf;Fg; Gfo;r;rpfs; $Wfpd;Nwhk;.
 cd;id topgLfpd;Nwhk;.
 2. Ky;iyg;ghl;L.
eg;G+dhh;
1. Ky;iyg;ghl;L – E}w;Fwpg;G jUf.
 gj;Jg;ghl;L E}y;fSs; xd;W.
 103 mbfisf;nfhz;lJ.
 Mrpag;ghthy; ,aw;wg;gl;lJ.
 Ky;iy epyj;ijg; gw;wpf; $WfpwJ.
 ek; ghlg;gFjp 1-17 mbfisf; nfhz;lJ.
 gj;Jg;ghl;by; Fiwe;j mbfisf; nfhz;l E}y; ,J.
 ,jd; Mrphpah; eg;G+jdhh;.
2. Ky;iyg;ghl;by; Fwpg;gpLk; fhh;fhyr; nra;jpfisf; Fwpg;gpLf.
fhh;fhyk;
“ede;jiy cyfk; tis, NekpNahL”
 mfd;w cyfj;ij tisj;Jg; ngUkio nghopfpwJ.
 tyk;Ghpr;rq;Fg; nghwppj;j iffisAila jpUkhy;> FWfpa
tbtk; nfhz;Ls;shh;.
 FWfpa tbtk; nfhz;l jpUkhYf;F> khtyp kd;dd;
ePh;thh;j;Jj; jUfpwhh;.
 mg;nghOJ> kz;Zf;Fk; tpz;Zf;Fkhfj; jpUkhy;
NgUUtk; vLj;J cah;e;J epw;fpwhh;.
 mijg;Nghd;W kioNkfk; fhzg;gLfpwJ vd;fpwhh; Mrphpah;.
 gpd;> mk;kioNkfk;> xypf;Fk; flypd; Fsph; ePiug; gUfp>
ngUe;Njhw;wk; nfhs;fpwJ.
 ,Wjpahf tykha; vOe;J> kiyiar; #o;e;J> tpiue;j
Ntfj;Jld; ngUkioiag; nghopfpwJ.
khiyg;nghOJ
“ngUk;ngay; nghope;j rpWGd; khiy”
 Jd;gj;ijr; nra;fpd;w mk;khiyg; nghOjpy; Kjpa
ngz;fs; kpFe;j fhtiyAila Ch;g;gf;fk; nrd;wdh;.
 ahopir Nghd;W xypf;Fk; tz;Lfs;>
 mt;tz;Lfs; #o;e;J Muthupf;Fk; eWkzk; nfhz;l
Ky;iy mUk;Gfs;.
  me;j mUk;Gfs; kyh;e;j Ky;iyg; G+f;fisAk; ehopapy;
nfhz;L te;j ney;iyAk; Nrh;j;Jj; nja;tj;jpd; Kd;
J}tpdh;.
 gpwF nja;tj;ijj; njhOJ> jiytpf;fhf ew;nrhy; Nfl;L
epd;wdh;.
“ed;dh; ed;nkhop Nfl;ldk;”
 rpWjhk;G fapw;why; fl;lg;gl;l ,sq;fd;W xd;W grpahy;
thbf;nfhz;bUe;jJ. mjd; tUj;jj;ij Xh; ,ilkfs;
fz;lhs;.
 Fsph; jhq;fhky; iffisf; fl;bagb epd;whs;.
 gpd;> ,sq;fd;iwg; ghh;j;J> ”Gy;iy Nka;e;J cd; jha;khh;
tise;j fj;jpia cila fk;igf; nfhz;l vk; ,ilah;
Xl;btu ,g;NghJ te;JtpLth;> tUe;jhNj” vd;whs;.
 ,J „ey;y nrhy;‟ vdf;nfhz;L KJngz;fs; jiytpaplk;
„ew;nrhy;iy ehq;fs; Nfl;Nlhk;‟ vd;W $wpdh;.
 ,t;thW jiytd; tUif Fwpj;J KJngz;bh; tphpr;rp
Nfl;L epd;wdh;.
 epd; jiytd; giftiu ntd;W jpiug;nghUNshL tUtJ
cWjp.
 jiytpNa! kdj;jLkhw;wk; nfhs;shNj! vd
Mw;Wg;gLj;jpdh; KJngz;bh;.

2. Nfl;fpwjh vd; Fuy;!

1. ,yf;fpaj;jpy; fhw;W vt;thW ,lk; gpbj;jpUf;fpwJ vd;gijf;

$Wf.
 njd;wyhfpa ehd;> gytpj kyh;fspd; eWkzj;ij ms;sp tUk;
nghOJ $lNt tz;LfisAk; mioj;J tUtjhy;> ,sq;Nfhtbfs;
vd;id>
“tz;nlhL Gf;f kztha;j; njd;wy;”rpyk;G 2:24
vd eak;gl ciuf;fpwhh;.
 gygl;lilr; nrhf;fehjg; Gyth; vOjpa gj;kfphpehjh; njd;wy;
tpLJ}J vd;Dk; rpw;wpyf;fpaj;jpy; ngz;nzhUj;jp
“ee;jkpOk; jz;nghUie ed;djpAk; Nrh;nghUg;gpw;
nre;jkpopd; gpd;Djpj;j njd;wNy”
 vdj; J}J nry;y vd;id md;NghL miof;fpwhs;.
 mJkl;Lky;y
“ejpapy; tpisahbf; nfhbapy; jiyrPtp
ele;j ,se;njd;wNy” –jpiuapirg;ghly;
vdg; gythwhf ,yf;fpaq;fspYk;> jpiuapirg; ghly;fspYk;
fhw;whfpa ehd; ePq;fh ,lk; gpbj;jpUg;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.

2. Ke;ePh; ehtha; Xl;bahf fhw;W vt;thW gad;gLfpwJ?

 goq;fhyj;jpy; fly;fle;j gazq;fs; eilngw;wd.
 ,it midj;Jk; fhw;wpd; JizAld; ,af;fg;gl;l gha;kuf;
fg;gy;fshy; epfo;e;jitNa.
 gUtf;fhw;wpd; gaid cyfpw;F mwpKfg;gLj;jpath; fpNuf;f mwpQh;
`pg;ghy];
 ,tUf;Fk; Kd;dNu jkpoh;fs; fly; fle;J thzpfk; nra;J ntw;wp
fz;lth;fs; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.
“esp,U Ke;ePh; ehtha; Xl;b
tspnjhopy; Mz;l cuNthd; kUf!
fsp,ay; ahidf; fhpfhy; tst!”
-Gwk; 66
,g;ghly;> fhpfhy; ngUtsj;jhidr; rq;ffhyg; ngz;
Gytuhd ntz;zpf;Faj;jpahh;; „tsp‟ vdf; Fwpg;gpl;Lr; rpwg;Gr;
nra;jpUg;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.

3. fhw;wpd; gad;fs; ahit?

fhw;wpd; gad;fs;
 gUt fhyq;fspy; Nkfj;ijf; nfhz;L te;J kioiaj; jUfpwJ.
 njd;Nkw;Fg; gUtf;fhw;whf tlfpof;Fg; gUtf; fhw;whf cyh te;J
Nkfj;ijf; Fsph;tpj;J kioiag; nghopfpwJ.
 ,e;jpahtpw;Fj; Njitahd vOgJ tpOf;fhL(70%)
kioastpidj; njd;Nkw;Fg; gUtf; fhw;Nw jUfpwJ.
 [_d; Kjy; nrg;lk;gh; tiu njd;Nkw;Fg; gUtf; fhw;whf tPRfpwJ.
 mf;Nlhgh; Kjy; brk;gh; tiu tlfpof;Fg; gUtf; fhw;whf tPRfpwJ.
 Ntshz;ik rpwg;gjpYk; ehL jd;dpiwT miltjpYk;
fhw;wpd; gq;F Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.
„tsp kpfpd; typ ,y;iy‟(Gwk;55)
vd;W IA+h;Kltdhh; rpwg;gpj;Js;shh;.
NkYk;>
 kJiu ,sehfdhh;(Gwk; 55) fLq;fhw;W> kziyf;
nfhz;Lte;J Nrh;f;fpwJ vd mjd; Ntfj;ijf; Fwpg;gpLfpwhh;.
  caph; tsp je;J caph;fisf; fhf;fpwJ.
 jhtuq;fspd; xspr; Nrh;fi ; fapy; czT cw;gj;jpf;F cjTfpwJ.
 tpijfis vLj;Jr; nrd;W gy ,lq;fspYk; cjTfpwJ.
 G+tpd;> Njdpd;> fdpapd;> jhtuj;jpd;> caphpdj;jpd; kzj;ijr; Rke;J
Gtpapd; caph;r; rq;fpypj;njhlh; mWglhjpUf;f cjTfpwJ.
 epyf;fhpapd; Njit Fiwe;J fdpktsq;fs; ghJfhf;fg;gLfpwJ.
 njhiyj;njhlh;gpd; ikakhfTk; cs;sJ.
 „fhw;Ws;sNghNj kpd;rhuk; vLj;Jf;nfhs;‟ vDk; GJnkhopf;F
tpj;jhfpwJ.
 fjputdplkpUe;J ntsptUk; Gw Cjhf; fjph;fisj; jLf;Fk;
muzhfTk; tpsq;FfpwJ.
 Gtpia xU Nghh;it Nghyr; Rw;wpf;fple;J ghpjpapd; fjph;r;#l;ilf;
Fiwj;Jf; nfhLf;fpwJ.
4. kdpjdhy; fhw;W vt;thW khrilfpwJ? mij ePf;Fk;
topKiwfs; ahit?
kdpjdhy; khrilAk; fhw;W
 Fg;igfs;> nefpopg;igfs;> nkJcUisfs; Nghd;wtw;iw
vhpg;gJ.
 Fsph;rhjdg; ngl;b> Fsp&l;lg;gl;l miw Mfpatw;iw
kpFjpahfg; gad;gLj;JtJ.
 gl;lhRfis kpFjpahf ntbg;gJ.
 Gif tbfl;b ,y;yhky; njhopw;rhiyfis ,af;FtJ.
 jdp kdpjhpd; kpFjpahd Ch;jpg; gad;ghL.
 thD}h;jpfs; ntsptpLk; Gif Mfpatw;why; fhw;W khrilfpwJ.
ePf;Fk; topKiwfs;
 kuq;fis tsh;f;f Ntz;Lk;.
 Fg;ig Nkyhz;ikia Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
 nghJg; Nghf;Ftuj;jpw;F Kd;Dhpik juNtz;Lk;.
 kpd;dhw;wyhy; ,aq;Fk; Ch;jpfis kpFjpahfg; gad;gLj;j
Ntz;Lk;.
 fr;rh vz;nza;> epyf;fhp Kjypa Gijtbt vhpnghUs;fisj;
jtph;f;f Ntz;Lk;.
 tPl;Lr; rikaYf;F tpwFfisg; gad;gLj;Jtijf; iftpl
Ntz;Lk;.

5. er;Rf; fye;j fhw;wpdhy; Vw;gLk; ghjpg;Gfs; ahit?

 fz; vhpr;ry;> jiytyp> njhz;ilf;fl;L> fha;r;ry;> EiuaPuy;>
Gw;W Neha;> ,isg;G Neha; vdg; gy Neha;fs; Vw;gLfpwJ.
 Foe;ijfspd; %is tsh;r;rpAk; FiwfpwJ.(rpWth; epjpak;)
 Fsph;gjdg; ngl;bapypUe;J tUk; FNshNuh GNshNuh fhh;gd;
XNrhd; glyj;ij Xl;ilapLfpwJ.
 ,jdhy; GwCjhf; fjph;fs; Neubahf kf;fisj;
jhf;Ffpd;wd.
 XuwpT Kjy; MwwpT tiuAs;s caph;fs; Jd;gkilfpd;wd.
 fe;jf il Mf;irL> iel;u[d; il Mf;irL Mfpait kio
nga;Ak; NghJ ePupy; fiue;J tpLtjhy; mkpykio nga;fpwJ.
 ,jdhy; kz;> ePh;> fl;llq;fs; fhLfs;> ePh;tho; caphpdq;fs;
ghjpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.