MIDTERM TOPICS

Words to indicate position (ichi)/ place (basho): tonari etc.

In Japanese these words act as nouns. When in English we would say next to X, you say in Japanese X no tonari. Other common positions
are:
Chikaku nearby massugu straight
Mae infront kado corner
Naka inside magaru to turn (verb)
sotto outside zenshin suru go forward (verb)
Ura reverse/other side/back hen side
Ushiro for people aida in between
ue top tonari next to
shita underneath
migi right
hidari left
kita north
minami south
higashi east
nishi west

A WA B NO POSITION -DE-= A= IS A NOUN( OBJECT THAT YOU ARE TRYING TO LOCATE

B= ANOTHER NOUN WHICH IS ACTUALLY A REFERENCE OBJECT
POSITION= THE LOCATION OF A WITH RESPECT TO B( _B___NO POSITION)
DE= TENSE OR MOODS OF THE SENTENCE
Rei:
1. Resutoran wa kissaten no chikaku desu. = The restaurant is near the coffee shop. .
2. Jiru san wa Tomu san no ushiro desu.= Jill is behind Tom.
3. Jiru san wa kissaten no ushiro/ura desu.= Jill is behind/ at the back of the coffee shop.
Note next to this/that thing etc is kono/sono no tonari
4. Shinbun wa ano zasshi no shita desu.= The newspaper is under that magazine.
5. Shinbun wa ano shita desu.= The newspaper is under that thing over there/ under there.

Adjectives
Vocabulary of adjectives:
Describing objects/distances: Describing feelings/ emotions
Mijikai/Chiisai Small/little abunai dangerous
Okii Big/large akarui bright/cheerful
Nagai Long amai sweet
Hikui/ Mijikai Not tall/Not long darashinai untidy/sloppy
Takai Tall darui tired
Toi Far hitoshi identical
Chikai Near isamashi brave/bold
Osoi Slow hazukashi shy
Hayai Fast itai/kurushi painful
Atarashi New kanashii sad
Furui Old(not age) shitashii friendly
Ii Good osoroshii fearsome/terrible
Warui Bad subarashii wonderful/excellent
Atsui/ o yu Hot/hot water ureshii happy
Samui/Tsumetai Cold(Temp/Touch) yakamashi/sawagashii noisy
Takai Expensive, high, tall sabishii lonely
Yasui inexpensive/cheap yowai weak
Omoshiroi interesting yasashii easy/kind
Kitanai Dirty kibishi strict
Oishii Delicious
Mazui Tasteless
*Dono Kurai(How far?) OTHER TERMS:
*Sukoshi zutsu(little by little) KIREI (NA) SENSEI WA WAKAI DESU /UTSUKUSHII SENSEI WA WAKAI
Adjective Noun Colors Nationality kokuseki
Shiroi shiro White place of birth shusseichi
Midori mido Green place of employment koyosaki
Aoi Ao Blue profession shokugyo(N)
Kiiroi Kiro Yellow senmonteki (adj)
Akai Aka Red residence jusho
Kuroi Kuro Black separated bekkyoshita (adj)

Personal Characteristics
Utsukushii/Kirei (na) Beautiful, Clean
Hansumo/Kakoi Handsome/Cool
Kawairashii Lovely/Cute
Minikui Ugly PROFESSION(shigoto/shokugyo)
Kowaii Scary Accountant kaikeshi
Chikayori-gatai Unapproachable actor/actress danyu/joyu
Miryuki-teki Charming architect kenchikuka
Yasashii Kind/nice baker panyaki no shokunin
Isogashii Busy banker ginkoka
Muzukashii Difficult barber rihatsushi
Futotteiru Fat bus driver basu no untenshu
Hosoi Thin butcher nikuya
Wakai Young cabin attendant kyakushitsu jushin
Shizuka Quiet chemist kagakusha
Nigiyaka Lively cook chorishi
Yuumei Famous dentist ha isha
Shinsetsu Kind electrician denkiko
Genki Healthy, cheerful doctor isha
Suteki Fine, wonderful carpenter daiku
Benri Convenient engineer gishi
Hima Free time employee kaishain
*Haru na (don’t enter) hairdresser biyoshi
*Sawaru na(don’t touch)
*Teiryusho(bus stop)
There are two types of adjectives in Japanese. Most adjectives ends in “I” and are classified as “I” adjectives and those that does
not end in “I” which is classified as “Na” adjectives. There are exemptions to the rule for the “I” ending adjectives these are yuumei, genki, benri
and kirei. Though they ends in “I” they are considered “na”. Adjective as noun modifier is basically the same with English, they are written
before a noun. Chiisai, okii, oishii can either be classified na or I

VOCABULARY WORDS FOR TIME:

ATO DE- later Chichi wa wakakatta arimasen deshita = My father was not young= adjective sentence
IMA - now Chi chi wa kankeishi dewa arimasendeshita = My father was not an accountant- noun
KOKO - here chichi wa hansumo dewa arimasendeshita= My father was not handsome.
ASHITA- tomorrow hansumo na chichi wa kowai desu= My handsome father is scary
ASATE- 2 days after kowai chichi wa hansumo deswa arimasen= My scary father is not handsome.
KINOU- yesterday
KESA- this morning
ASA- morning+gohan=breakfast
HIRU- lunch+gohan= lunch
YORU/BAN- evening +gohan = dinner
MAI ASA every morning
MAI BAN every evening
MAI NICH I every day
GOGO- pm
GOZEN am
OTOTOI 2 days

YEAR MONTH WEEK DAY

Last kyonen sengetsu Senshu Kino(yesterday
This Kotoshi Kongetsu Konshu Kyo (today)
 Next Rainen Raigetsu Raishu Ashita(tomorrow)
Every Mainen/ Maigetsu Maishu Mainichi
Maitoshi

Expressions of time or relative expressions of time may utilize the particle “wa” if some contrast is applied.
Rei: Kino wa samukatta arimasen deshita.( Yesterday was not cold.)
Kyo wa ii tenki desu ne.(Isn’t it a lovely weather today.)

KAZUKO KE ANATANO KAZUKO OTHER TERMS OF FAMILY RELATION

Grandmother- sobo obasan Cousin itoko

Grandfather sofu ojiisan mother in law gibo
Mother haha okasan father in law gifu
Father chichi otosan family relationship kazuko kenkei
Uncle Oji relatives shinseki
Aunt Obasan Brothers kyodai
Older sister ane onesan Sisters shimai
Older brother ani oniisan parent/s oya/ryoshin
Younger sis imoto imotosan twin futago
Younger bro ototo ototosan for in laws giri no_____
Daughter musume ojosan lover koibito
Sons musuko musokosan girlfriend/ boyfriend otoko/onna
Husband goshujin close friend shinyu
Wife kanai
Grand daughter
grandson
cousin
Sentence structure using adjectives in Nihongo
1. A wa B desu. A is (adjective) B.
Just like in English, adjectives can either go before or after a noun.
Rei: Kore wa oishii chizu desu.(This is delicious cheese.)
Ereganto na resutoran desu.( An elegant restaurant.)
2. A wa adjective desu. A is (adjective)
Note what happens to each type of adjective if it comes at the end of a sentence.
Rei: Tanaka san wa wakai desu. (Mr. Tanaka is young.)
Suzuki san wa hansumo desu. (Mr Suzuki is handsome.)
There are two types of adjectives in Japanese. One which ends in “ I and Na”adjectives exceptions to the rule of the
I adjectives are Kirei, genki, yuumei and benri though they ends in I they are considered na adjectives. chiisai, okii
and oishii can be use in both “na” and “I” forms.

Tenses/Moods (-de-) is are, was ,were ,was not ,were not

Present Affirmative Present Negative
Noun = desu N= ja/dewa arimasen
Verb (i) masu V =(i) masen yuumei na chichi wa takakatta arimasen deshita
I Adjective = desu I Adjective = Kunai desu
(drop I and add kunai) or + Ku arimasen
Na Adj.= desu Na Adj.= ja arimasen/
de wa arimasen
Past Past Negative
Noun deshita N= ja/dewa arimasendeshita
Verb (i) mashita V= (i)masen deshita
I Adj deshita I Adj.= drop I add Katta arimasen SENSEI WA UTSUKUSHIKATTA
ARIMASENDESHITA
deshita
Na Adj. deshita Na Adj=ja/dewa arimasendeshita

ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY/ QUANTITY

Tabun- probably taitei -usually
Taihen/ totemo-. very jubun ni - enough
Itsumo- always hotondo -almost
Takusan- a lot oyoso - approximately
Tokidoki.- sometimes motto - more
Sukoshi- a little
Amari- not very much (use in negative forms only)
bochi bochi- slowly
zuibun- fairly, very much
Zen zen – not at all (use in negative forms only)
yoku- well, a lot

20456232_1253984001621786_784621311180202469_n.jpg
Using the picture uploaded in the file, locate the following object/person using reference
objects in the list use all for each item. Write 2 Nihongo sentence for each items.
Objects to be located Reference objects
1. Flower/hana - (television/terebi) (table/teberu)
2. Son/musokosan- (garden/niwa) (house/uchi)
3. Father/Otousan- (son/musokosan) ( garden/niwa)
4. kitchen/daidokoro - (living room/ima) ( house/uchi)
5. sink/nagashi- (kitchen/daidokoro) ( faucet/jaguchi)
6. fork/furuko- ( table/teberu) (food/tabemono)
7. gas stove/gasu sutoba- (kitchen/daidokoro) (sink/nagashi)
8. television/terebi- ( living room/ima) (mother/okasan)
9. living room/ima- (house-uchi) ( kitchen/daidokoro)
10. roof/yane- (house/uchi) (okasan/mother)

MIDTERM ORAL RECITATION template

Title_______________________Okii to sawagashii kazuko ke ( My Big and noisy family)

Greetings( depending the time of day)

Introduce your number of members of family you may add adjectives.

- Watashi wa jurokunin no memba no kazuko ke ga imasu. (I have 16 members in my
family.)
Kyo Totemo Chiisai na yonin ane to taihen takai gonin ani to futoteru na ototo to
shinsetsu na ryoshin no kazuko ke ga imasu. I have 4 very small older sister, 5 very tall
older brothers, kind parents and a fat younger brother in my family today.
Write your parents birthdate age and personal characteristics.
- Totemo kibishi chichi no nanagatsu muika senkuhyaku nijugonen umaremashita. Kare
wa gojusansai no shinimashita. My very strict father was born July 6, 1925. He died at
57years old.
- KYONEN Taihen utsukushii haha no tanjoubi wa juichigatsu jugonichi senkuhyaku
nijugonen deshita.kanojo wa hachijukusai no shinimashita. My very lovely mother’s
birthday was November 15, 1925 last year. She died at 89 years old.
Describe your siblings name, age and personal characteristics using adverbs of time, quantity
and quality
- Kyonen ani no takai Rene rokujurokusai to hansumo na Ramon no rokujuisai to kakoi
Rodrigo no gojukusai to shizuka na Rey Antonio no gojuhapsai to yakamashii Remegio
gojurokusai to chiisai Ronnel yonjurokusai wa yoku genki dewa arimasen deshita.

End greetings

SUBJECT SUBJECT MARKER SHLD AGREE W/ TIME

ADV. TIME (ADV OF Q/Q ) (ADJ ) NOUN WA (ADV OF Q/Q) ADJECTIVE -DE-

SENGETSU TOTEMO KIBISHI ANI NO RENE rokujuisai WA ZENZEN YAKAMASHIKATTA

ARIMASEN DESHITA.
LAST MONTH VERY STRICT MY OLDER BROTHER RENE NOT AT ALL NOISY WAS NOT