Hibbeler Statics and Mechanics of Materials Global Ed Sol

Preliminary Problems Solutions
Chapter 2 600 N Fv
110 Fu 40 110
P2–1.
40 600 N Fu
30
FR
Fv
60
100 N (c)
200 N FR 200 N
100 N 120 P2–3.
15 45 u
45 120 z
(a)
a g 60j
130 y
500 N 50i b
10k
50 FR
u x
130 130 FR
400 N 400 N
FR 500 N (a)
(b)
z
300 N FR
450 N u 450 N
FR 60k
20 g
FR 20 40i
b
(c) y
80j a
P2–2.
v x
200 N
70 u (b)
200 N Fv
P2–4. a. F = 5-4i - 4j + 2k6 kN
Fv
30 30
110
F = 2(4)2 + ( -4)2 + (2)2 = 6 kN
110 Fu Fu
-2
cos b =
(a) 3
b. F = 520i + 20j - 10k6 N
400 N Fu Fv
F = 2(20)2 + (20)2 + ( -10)2 = 30 N

60
60 2

cos b =
10 10 3
v 400 N
60 Fu
120
Fv
u
(b)
839
840 P r e l i m i n a ry P r o b l e m s S o l u t i o n s
P2–5. z
z
800 N
600 N Fz
Fz
45 60 Fy
y
Fy Fx
y
20 800 cos 60 N 30
x
Fx
600 sin 45 N (c)
x
Fx = 800 cos 60° cos 30° N
(a) Fy = -800 cos 60° sin 30° N
Fx = (600 sin 45°) sin 20° N Fz = 800 sin 60° N
Fy = (600 sin 45°) cos 20° N
P2–6. a. rAB = 5 -5i + 3j - 2k6 m
Fz = 600 cos 45° N
b. rAB = 54i + 8j - 3k6 m
z c. rAB = 56i - 3j - 4k6 m
500 N -3 4
P2–7.
a. F = 15 kNai + j b = 5 -9i + 12j 6 kN
5 5
5 3 2 2 1
4
4
(500 N) 400 N b. F = 600 Na i + j - kb
Fz 5 3 3 3
Fx
5
3
= 5400i + 400j - 200k6 N
4
2 2 1
y
c. F = 300 Na - i + j - kb
3 3 3
Fy
= 5 -200i + 200j - 100k6 N
P2–8. a. rA = 53k6 m, rA = 3 m
x
rB = 52i + 2j - 1k6 m, rB = 3 m
(b)
rA # rB = 0(2) + 0(2) + (3)( -1) = -3 m2

3
Fx = - (400) N rA # rB = rArB cos u

5 -3 = 3(3) cos u
4
Fy = (400) N
5 b. rA = 5 -2i + 2j + 1k6 m, rA = 3 m
3 rB = 51.5i - 2k6 m, rB = 2.5 m
rA # rB = ( -2)(1.5) + 2(0) + (1)( -2) = - 5 m2
Fz = (500) N
5
rA # rB = rArB cos u

-5 = 3(2.5) cos u
Preliminary Problems Solutions 841
P2–9. a. P3–3. a. Mx = -(100 N)(3 m) = -300 N # m

2 2 1 My = -(200 N)(2 m) = -400 N # m

F = 300 Na i + j - kb = 5200i + 200j - 100k6 N
3 3 3 Mz = -(300 N)(2 m) = -600 N # m

3 4 b. Mx = (50 N)(0.5 m) = 25 N # m
ua = - i + j
5 5 My = (400 N)(0.5 m) - (300 N)(3 m) = - 700 N # m
Fa = F # u a = (200)a - b + (200)a b + ( - 100)a0b
3 4 Mz = (100 N)(3 m) = 300 N # m
c. Mx = (300 N)(2 m) - (100 N)(2 m) = 400 N # m
5 5
4 3
b. F = 500 N a - j + kb = 5 - 400j + 300k6 N My = -(300 N)(1 m) + (50 N)(1 m)
+ (400 N)(0.5 m) = 250 N # m
5 5
Mz = -(200 N)(1 m) = -200 N # m

1 2 2
ua = - i + j + k
3 3 3
P3–4. a.
Fa = F # u a = (0)a - b + ( - 400)a b + (300)a b
1 2 2
3 3 3 4 3 4 3
- - 0 - - 0
5 5 5 5
4 4 4 4
Chapter 3 Ma = - 5 2 0 = -1 5 0
6 2 3 6 2 3
P3–1. a. MO = 100 N(2 m) = 200 N # mB
b. MO = -100 N(1 m) = 100 N # mA
b.

1 1 1 1
- 0 - 0
c. MO = - a b(500 N)(2 m) = 600 N # mA
3
4 22 22 4 4 22 22 4
5 Ma = 3 4 -2 = 5 2 -2
d. MO = a b(500 N)(3 m) = 1200 N # mB
4 2 -4 3 2 -4 3
5
c.
e. MO = - a b(100 N)(5 m) = 300 N # mA
3 2 1 2 2 1 2
- -
5 3 3 3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4
f. MO = 100 N(0) = 0 Ma = -5 -4 0 = -3 -5 2
3 4 2 -4 3 2 -4 3
g. MO = - a b(500 N)(2 m) + a b(500 N)(1 m)
5 5
+ (F ) = ΣF ;
= 200 N # mA P3–5. a. S R x x
3 4
h. MO = - a b(500 N)(3 m - 1 m) (FR)x = - a b500 N + 200 N = -200 N
5 5
+ c (FR)y = ΣFy ;

+ a b(500 N)(1 m) = 200 N # mA
4
5 3
(FR)y = - (500 N) - 400 N = -700 N

5
a + (MR)O = ΣMO;
3 4
i. MO = a b(500 N)(1 m) - a b(500 N)(3 m)
5 5
= 900 N # mA 3
(MR)O = - a b(500 N)(2 m) - 400 N(4 m)

5
i j k i j k = -2200 N # m
P3–2. MP = 3 2 -3 0 3 MP = 3 2 5 -1 3
b. S+ (F ) = ΣF ;
-3 2 5 2 -4 -3 R x x
i j k 4
(FR)x = a b(500 N) = 400 N
MP = 3 5 -4 -1 3 5
-2 3 4 + c (FR)y = ΣFy;
3
(FR)y = -(300 N) - a b(500 N) = -600 N
5
a + (MR)O = ΣMO; 4
(FR)y = -400 N - a b(500 N) = - 800 N
3 5
a + (FR)yd = ΣMO;
(MR)O = -(300 N)(2 m) - a b(500 N)(4 m)
5
- 200 N # m = - 2000 N # m 4
-(800 N)d = - (400 N)(2 m) - a b(500 N)(4 m)
+ (F ) = ΣF ;
c. S 5
R x x
3 d = 3m
(FR)x = a b(500 N) + 100 N = 400 N
5 + (F ) = ΣF ;
c. S R x x
+ c (FR)y = ΣFy; 4 4
(FR)x = a b(500 N) - a b(500 N) = 0
4 5 5
(FR)y = -(500 N) - a b(500 N) = - 900 N + c (FR)y = ΣFy;

5
a + (MR)O = ΣMO; 3 3
(FR)y = - a b(500 N) - a b(500 N) = -600 N

5 5
a + (FR)yd = ΣMO;
4
(MR)O = - (500 N)(2 m) - a b(500 N)(4 m)
5
+ a b(500 N)(2 m) = -2000 N # m

3 3 3
-(600 N)d = -a b(500 N)(2 m) - a b(500 N)(4 m)
5 5 5
+ (F ) = ΣF ; - 600 N # m
d. S
R x x
d = 4 m
4 3
(FR)x = - a b(500 N) + a b(500 N) = - 100 N P3–7. a. + TFR = ΣFz;
5 5
+ c (FR)y = ΣFy;
FR = 200 N + 100 N + 200 N = 500 N

3 4 (MR)x = ΣMx;

(FR)y = - a b(500 N) - a b(500 N) = - 700 N

5 5
a + (MR)O = ΣMO;
-(500 N)y = -(100 N)(2 m) - (200 N)(2 m)

y = 1.20 m
4 3 (MR)y = ΣMy;

(MR)O = a b(500 N)(4 m) + a b(500 N)(2 m)

5 5
(500 N)x = (100 N)(2 m) + (200 N)(1 m)

- a b(500 N)(4 m) + 200 N # m = 1200 N # m
3

x = 0.80 m
5
b. + TFR = ΣFz;
P3–6. + (F ) = ΣF ;
a. S (FR)x = 0
R x x FR = 100 N - 100 N + 200 N = 200 N

+ c (FR)y = ΣFy; (MR)x = ΣMx;

(FR)y = -200 N - 260 N = -460 N
a + (FR)yd = ΣMO;
-(200 N)y = (100 N)(1 m) + (100 N)(2 m)

- (200 N)(2 m)
- (460 N)d = - (200 N)(2 m) - (260 N)(4 m) y = 0.5 m

d = 3.13 m (MR)y = ΣMy;

Note: Although 460 N acts downward, this is not (200 N)x = -(100 N)(2 m) + (100 N)(2 m)
why −(460 N)d is negative. It is because the
moment of 460 N about O is negative.
x = 0
+ (F ) = ΣF ; c. + TFR = ΣFz;

b. S R x x
FR = 400 N + 300 N + 200 N + 100 N = 1000 N
3
(FR)x = - a b(500 N) = - 300 N (MR)x = ΣMx;

5
-(1000 N)y = - (300 N)(4 m) - (100 N)(4 m)

+ c (FR)y = ΣFy;

y = 1.6 m
(MR)y = ΣMy; 400 N

(1000 N)x = (400 N)(2 m) + (300 N)(2 m) MA
- (200 N)(2 m) - (100 N)(2 m) Ax

x = 0.8 m
2m 2m By
Chapter 4
P4–1. (e)
500 N
FA
TB 30
5
3
4 Cy
Ax
Cx
3m 2m
Ay 2m 1m
By
(a)
(f)
600 N m
Ax P4–2.
2m
Ay
300 N
3m
2m Bz
Bx
1m
Az Cy
(b) Cx
0.5 m Cz
1200 N
(a)
2m
Bx
Ay
3m
Ay By
Ax
(c) 1m
Bz
500 N
3m
4m 5 4 Cy
Bx
Ax
3 2m
1m Cz
Ay 500 N
3m
(b)
30 NB
(d)
Mz b. 100 N
Bz 3
5
40 N
By 4
Bx 400 N
Mx 2m
F¿
2m 2m N
Az + ΣF = 0;
S x
(c)
4
(100 N) - F′ = 0; F′ = 80 N
P4–3. a. ΣMx = 0; 5
+ c ΣFy = 0;
- (400 N)(2 m) - (600 N)(5 m) + Bz (5 m) = 0

3
ΣMy = 0;
- Az(4 m) - Bz(4 m) = 0 N - 40 N - a b(100 N) = 0; N = 100 N
5
ΣMz = 0;
By(4 m) - Bx(5 m)
Fmax = 0.9(100 N) = 90 N 7 80 N
+ (300 N)(5 m) = 0
F = F′ = 80 N Ans.
b. ΣMx = 0;
Az(4 m) + Cz(6 m) = 0
ΣMy = 0;
Bz(1 m) - Cz(1 m) = 0 P4–5.
ΣMz = 0;
- By(1 m) + (300 N)(2 m) 100 N
- Ax(4 m) + Cy(1 m) = 0
Bz(2 m) + Cz(3 m) - 800 N # m = 0
M
c. ΣMx = 0;
ΣMy = 0; - Cz(1.5 m) = 0 O NB
1m
ΣMz = 0; -Bx(2 m) + Cy(1.5 m) = 0
FA
P4–4.
a. 500 N
NA
5 200 N
3
4 Require FA = 0.1 NA
+ c ΣFy = 0;
NA - 100 N = 0
NA = 100 N
FA = 0.1(100 N) = 10 N
a + ΣMO = 0;
F¿
N -M + (10 N)(1 m) = 0
M = 10 N # m
+ ΣF = 0;
S x
4
a b(500 N) - F′ = 0, F′ = 400 N P4–6. Slipping must occur between A and B.
5
100 N
+ c ΣFy = 0;
3
N - 200 N - a b(500 N) = 0, N = 500 N
5 TA
Fmax = 0.3(500 N) = 150 N 6 400 N
FA
Slipping F = mkN = 0.2(500 N) = 100 N Ans.
NA 100 N

FA = 0.2(100 N) = 20 N
b. Assume B slips on C and C does not slip. Assume slipping, F = 0.3(200 N) = 60 N

+ ΣF = 0; P - 60 N = 0; P = 60 N
a + ΣMO = 0;
100 N S x
200 N(x) - (60 N)(2 m) = 0
20 N x = 0.6 m 7 0.5 m
Block tips, x = 0.5 m
a + ΣMO = 0
100 N P
(200 N)(0.5 m) - P(2 m) = 0
FB P = 50 N Ans.
b. 100 N
P
NB 200 N
1m
FB = 0.2(200 N) = 40 N 0.5 m
+ ΣF = 0;
S P - 20 N - 40 N = 0
x F
P = 60 N x
N 100 N
c. Assume C slips and B does not slip on C.
100 N Assume slipping, F = 0.4(100 N) = 40 N
+ ΣF = 0; P - 40 N = 0; P = 40 N
a + ΣMO = 0;
S x
20 N (100 N)(x) - (40 N)(1 m) = 0

x = 0.4 m 6 0.5 m
100 N P
No tipping
P = 40 N Ans.
200 N
Chapter 5
FC
P5–1. a. Ay = 200 N, Dx = 0, Dy = 200 N
FAE
45
A FAB
400 N
FC = 0.1(400 N) = 40 N
200 N
+ ΣF = 0;
S P - 20 N - 40 N = 0
x
P = 60 N FBE
Therefore, P = 60 N Ans.
B
FAB FBC
P4–7.
a. P
200 N 400 N
FCE
2m FCD
45
C
FBC
0.5 m
o
F
x
N 200 N
b. Ay = 300 N, Cx = 0, Cy = 300 N
P5–3. a.
60 N m
FAF
Bx
30 Ax
A FAB 4m
Ay By
300 N
By
FBF FBE
FBD
Bx
30 30
FAB B FBC 1.5 m
200 N
600 N
FCD 1.5 m
30
FCB
Cx
300 N
Cy
P5–2. a. b. CB is a two-force member.
FHG 0 FEF 0 600 N

H FDE 0 E
FEC 0 2m 1m
D FED 0
FHA 0 FDC 0
Ax
45 FCB
b.
Ay FCB
FBG 0 FGF
45
FBA B FBC FGA FGC 0 FCB
0
c. CD is a two-force member.

FCF 0 FFE
0 Ay
MA
FCB FCD FFG FFD 0 Ax FCD
0 1.5 m
By FCD
5 3
1m 1m 5 4
Bx 3
4
By Bx 4 5
3 FCD
500 N
800 N b. y
d. Ay 600 N
x
Bx Bx
Ax dy
MA
3m 3m
By 2m 2m y
By Cy
BC is a two-force member.
x
e. FBC
200 N 1m
200 N ∼ 1 - x 1 + x 1 + y2
x = x + a b = =
2 2 2
200 N FBC
∼
y = y
Ax 200 N 4
3
200 N FBC dA = (1 - x)dy = (1 - y2)dy
2m 2m
Ay 200 N c. y
BC is a two-force member.
f. 400 N
400 N
400 N
2m 2m dy
400 N
y
400 N
Ax 5 3 x
FBC 4
FBC x
Ay 400 N 1y
∼ x
5 3 x = =
4 2 2
∼
y = y
FBC
dA = xdy = 1y dy
y
Chapter 6 dx
d.
P6–1.
a. y
x
1m
y
y
x
x
x ∼
x = x
dx
∼ ∼ 1 - y 1 + y 1 + x2
x = x y = y + a b = =
2 2 2
∼ y 1x
y = = dA = (1 - y)dx = (1 - x2)dx
2 2
dA = ydx = 1x dx
Chapter 7 MA
A
NA
P7–1a. u
VA a/2 a
P
TB Cy
Cy
u
Cx S+ ΣFx = 0; get NA
2a 2a C
+ c ΣFy = 0; get VA
P a + ΣMA = 0; get MA
a + ΣMC = 0; get TB P7–1d.
TB MA
y x
u NA MA
A NA
2a a VA
VA
A
P
+ ΣFx = 0; get NA
S
a + ΣMA = 0; get MA
f
O u
P
P7–1b.
+ a ΣFy = 0; get NA
w(2a)
+ Q ΣFx = 0; get VA
P a + ΣMO = 0 or ΣMA = 0; get MA
P7–1e.
a a Cy
a
P
Nc
Bx B a
By
a + ΣMB = 0; get Cy 3a
B
w(a)
MA
Bx By
a + ΣMB = 0; get NC
P
NA A
VA a/2 a/2
Cy
P Nc
S+ ΣF = 0; get N
x A
a
A
MA
P7–1c. a
M VA
NA
BK
u + Q ΣFx = 0; get NA
a a
P
+ a ΣFy = 0; get VA
By Cy
a + ΣMB = 0; get Cy
P7–1f. P7–2b.
a a
FA 5 11 kN 6 kN
5 kN
5 kN
10 kN
Cy 2a 5 kN
3a
5 kN
FB 5 3 kN 4 kN
4 kN
Dx
4 kN
8 kN
4 kN
Bx
4 kN
a
FC 5 16 kN 20 kN
P
V max = 5 kN
+ c ΣFy = 0; get Cy ( = P)
a + ΣMB = 0; get Dx P7–3.
NA NAB 10 kN 10 kN
MA
VA NBC 4 kN 10 kN
A 6 kN
NCD 6 kN 10 kN
a 2 kN 6 kN
Fx 1 kN NDF 1 kN
Dx N max = 10 kN
+ c ΣFy = 0; get NA ( = 0)
P7–4.
+ ΣFx = 0; get VA
S
(8 kN/m)(3 m) 24 kN
P7–2a. NA 24 kN
FA 5 2 kN 5 kN P7–5.
3 kN
V 0.01 m
3 kN
6 kN V
3 kN 0.4 m
3 kN 20 N 20 N
FB 5 5 kN 2 kN ΣM = 0; 20 N (0.4 m) - V(0.01 m) = 0
V = 800 N
V max = 3 kN
P7–6. P7–11. y
p p
N (gA)xy = - a + u1b
2 2
30 x
A
5 kN = ( -u1) rad u1
5 kN y
V p

(gB)xy = - (p - u2)
N = (5 kN) cos 30° = 4.33 kN 2
V = (5 kN) sin 30° = 2.5 kN p B
x
= a- + u2b rad
2
P7–7. u2
3L
L Chapter 9

¿ P9–1a.
NED 700 N 700 N
∆′ ∆ ∆
= , ∆′ =
L 3L 3
NDC 300 N 700 N
∆ >3 2∆ 400 N
PAB = =
L>2 3L
NCB 500 N 700 N
∆ 200 N 400 N
PCD =
L
NBA 400 N 700 N
P7–8. 100 N 200 N 400 N
¿ L P9–1b.
600 N NAB 600 N
2L
∆′ ∆
= ∆ ′ = 2∆
2L L 600 N NBC 200 N
400 N
∆
PCD =
L
600 N NCD 500 N
2∆ 4∆ 400 N 300 N
PAB = =
L>2 L
P9–2.
P7–9.
LA′B - LAB 900 N NCB 900 N
PAB =
LAB
P7–10.
400 N NED 400 N
LAB′ - LAB LAC′ - LAC
PAB = , PAC =
LAB LAC
LB′C′ - LBC p 400 N 500 N NDB 900 N
PBC = , (gA)xy = a - ub rad
LBC 2
900 N
NAB 1800 N
900 N
P9–3. P10–2.
400 Nm
(8x) kN
A
x
B
N 8x
P9–4. 200 Nm

C
100x
800 N D
x
N (800 100x) N
P9–5.
P10–3.
60 kN
tmax
tmax
2m 4m
40 kN 20 kN T
PL 20(103) N (3 m)
∆B = =
AE 2(10 - 3) m2 (60(109) N>m2)
-3
= 0.5(10 ) m = 0.5 mm tmax
Chapter 10
T
P10–1.
tmax
P10–4.
P = Tv
300 Nm A
746 W rev 1 min 2p rad
B (10 hp)a b = Ta1200 ba ba b
300 Nm 300 Nm
1 hp min 60 s 1 rev
T = 59.36 N # m = 59.4 N # m
Equilibrium
500 Nm
D
C
500 Nm
300 Nm
800 Nm
Equilibrium
Chapter 11 P11–1d.
P11–1a.
V x
x M
x
M
x P11–1e.
P11–1b.
V x
x M
x
M
P11–1f.
x
P11–1c.
V x
x
M
M
x
x
P11–1g. P11–3.
∼A
Σy (0.05 m)(0.2 m)(0.1 m) + (0.25 m)(0.1 m)(0.3 m)
y = =
ΣA (0.2 m)(0.1 m) + (0.1 m)(0.3 m)
= 0.17 m
1
I = c (0.2 m)(0.1 m)3 + (0.2 m)(0.1 m)(0.17 m - 0.05 m)2 d
12
V
1
+ c (0.1 m)(0.3 m)3 + (0.1 m)(0.3 m)(0.25 m - 0.17 m)2 d
12
x = 0.722 (10-3) m4
M
P11–4a.
P
x VB
MB
B
P11–1h.
sB
sA
VA
A
MA
V
x
P11–4b.
M M M
B
x
sB
sA
A
1 1 M M
P11–2. I = c (0.2 m)(0.4 m)3 d - c (0.1 m)(0.2 m)3 d
12 12
= 1.0 (10-3) m4 O
P11–5a. P12–1b.
0.3 m
0.1 m
tA
0.1 m
A 0.2 m
0.15 m
Q = y′A′ = (0.15 m) (0.3 m) (0.1 m) = 4.5(10 - 3) m3

t = 0.3 m
P12–1c.
P11–5b.
0.1 m
0.1 m
0.2 m
0.1 m
A
V tA
0.1 m
0.5 m
Q = y′A′ = (0.2 m) (0.1 m) (0.5 m) = 0.01 m3

t = 3 (0.1 m) = 0.3 m
Chapter 12
P12–1a. P12–1d.
0.1 m
0.4 m tA
V V
0.35 m
A
A
0.1 m
0.05 m tA 0.1 m 0.6 m
0.15 m
Q = y′A′ = (0.1 m) (0.1 m) (0.4 m) = 4(10 - 3) m3 Q = y′A′ = (0.35 m) (0.6 m) (0.1 m) = 0.021 m3

t = 0.4 m
t = 0.6 m
P12–1e. P13–1b.
600 Nm
200 N
V 300 N
A 100 N
0.2 m
0.25 m 400 Nm
tA 0.1 m
0.2 m
P13–1c.
Q = y′A′ = (0.25 m) (0.2 m) (0.1 m) = 5(10 - 3) m3

t = 0.2 m
P12–1f. 100 Nm
0.5 m
100 N
0.1 m
0.1 m
0.2 m
A 50 Nm
V tA P13–1d.
0.35 m
0.1 m
0.25 m
300 Nm
Q = Σy′A′ = (0.25 m) (0.1 m) (0.1 m)
+ (0.35 m) (0.1 m) (0.5 m) = 0.02 m3 1200 N
t = 0.1 m
500 N
Chapter 13 300 N 600 Nm
P13–1a. 200 N
P13–2a.
Element A
N M V T
140 Nm
Element B
300 N
N M V T
P13–2b. P14–2.
sx - sy 2
2 4 - ( -4) 2
2
Element A tmax = a b + txy = a b + (0)
A 2 A 2
V M T = 4 MPa
sx + sy 4 - 4
savg = = = 0
2 2
Element B
(sx - sy)>2 [4 - ( -4)]>2
tan 2us = - = = -∞
txy 0
V M T
us = -45°
Chapter 14 sx - sy
tx′y′ = - sin 2u + txy cos 2u
2
P14–1. 4 - ( - 4)
= - sin 2( -45°) + 0 = 4 MPa
y¿ 2
4 MPa
y¿
8 kPa 8 kPa
x¿
5 kPa x
u 20 5 kPa
x x
x¿
us 45
u 160
x¿
y¿
Chapter 16
P14–1b. P16–1a.
x¿ y¿ 8 kN
5 kPa 8 kPa M
u 120 x 32 Nm
x
u 60 V
M = (8x - 32) kN # m
8 kPa x
5 kPa
dy
y¿ x = 0, = 0
x¿ dx
x = 0, y = 0
P14–1c. P16–1b.
x¿ M
y¿ 5 kPa
8 kPa x
x V
u 50 u 130
5 kPa 5 kN
8 kPa
y¿ M = (5x) kN # m
x¿ x = 0, y = 0
x = 2 m, y = 0
P16–1c. 4 kN
(2 x) kN V2
M2
M 1m 1m
2 kN 10 kN
1
x V x2
2
x
4 kN M2 = 10(x2 - 2) - 4(x2 - 1) - 2x2
M = 4 x - (2x) 1 x 2 1
2 M2 = (4x2 - 16) kN # m
M = (4 x - x ) kN # m
2
x1 = 0, y1 = 0
x = 0, y = 0 x1 = 2 m, y1 = 0
x = 4 m, y = 0 x2 = 2 m, y2 = 0
P16–1d. dy1 dy2
x1 = x2 = 2 m, =
dx1 dx2
M1
x1
V1 P16–1f.
2 kN
M1 = ( - 2x1) kN # m M1
8 kNm
M2 x1
V1
x2 1.5 kN
M1 = (1.5x1) kN # m
2 kN V2
M2 = ( -2 x + 8) kN # m
3 (x2 2) kN
x1 = 0,
y1 = 0
x2 = 4 m, y2 = 0
dy1 dy2 M2
x1 = x2 = 2 m, =
dx1 dx2
2m V2
x1 = x2 = 2 m, y1 = y2
x2
1.5 kN 1
P16–1e. (x 2)
2 2
(2 x1) kN 1
M2 = 1.5x2 - 3(x2 - 2) a b (x2 - 2)
2
M2 = -1.5x22 + 7.5x2 - 6
M1
x1 = 0, y1 = 0
1 V1 x2 = 4 m, y2 = 0
x1
2
x1 dy1 dy2
2 kN x1 = x2 = 2 m, =
dx1 dx2
M1 = - 2x1 - (2x1) 1 12 x1 2
x1 = x2 = 2 m, y1 = y2
M1 = ( - 2x1 - x21) kN # m
Fundamental Problems
Solutions and Answers
Chapter 2 F2–9.
+
F2–1. S (FR)x = ΣFx;
FR = 2(2 kN)2 + (6 kN)2 - 2(2 kN)(6 kN) cos 105° (FR)x = - (700 N) cos 30° + 0 + 1 35 2 (600 N)
= 6.798 kN = 6.80 kN Ans. = -246.22 N
sin f sin 105°
= , f = 58.49° + c (FR)y = ΣFy;
6 kN 6.798 kN
u = 45° + f = 45° + 58.49° = 103° Ans. (FR)y = -(700 N) sin 30° - 400 N - 1 45 2 (600 N)
= -1230 N
F2–2. FR = 22002 + 5002 - 2(200)(500) cos 140°
= 666 N Ans. FR = 2(246.22 N)2 + (1230 N)2 = 1254 N Ans.
F2–3. FR = 26002 + 8002 - 2(600)(800) cos 60°

f = tan -1
1 1230 N
246.22 N 2 = 78.68°
= 721.11 N = 721 N Ans. u = 180° + f = 180° + 78.68° = 259° Ans.

sin a sin 60° +
= ; a = 73.90° F2–10. S (FR)x = ΣFx;
800 721.11
f = a - 30° = 73.90° - 30° = 43.9° Ans. 750 N = F cos u + 1 135 2(325 N) + (600 N)cos 45°
Fu + c (FR)y = ΣFy;
30
F2–4. = ; Fu = 22.0 N Ans.
sin 45° sin 105° 0 = F sin u + 1 12
13 2 (325 N) - (600 N)sin 45°
Fv 30 tan u = 0.6190 u = 31.76° = 31.8° Ans.
= ; Fv = 15.5 N Ans.
sin 30° sin 105°
F = 236 N Ans.
FAB 450 +
F2–5. = F2–11. S (FR)x = ΣFx;
sin 105° sin 30°
FAB = 869 N Ans. (80 N) cos 45° = F cos u + 50 N - 1 35 2 90 N
FAC 450 + c (FR)y = ΣFy;
=
sin 45° sin 30° -(80 N) sin 45° = F sin u - 1 45 2 (90 N)
FAC = 636 N Ans.
tan u = 0.2547 u = 14.29° = 14.3° Ans.
F 6 F = 62.5 N Ans.
F2–6. = F = 3.11 kN Ans.
sin 30° sin 105°
Fv 6 F2–12. (FR)x = 15 1 45 2 + 0 + 15 1 45 2 = 24 kN S
= Fv = 4.39 kN Ans.
sin 45° sin 105° (FR)y = 15 1 35 2 + 20 - 15 1 35 2 = 20 kN c
F2–7. (F1)x = 0 (F1)y = 300 N Ans. FR = 31.2 kN Ans.
(F2)x = - (450 N) cos 45° = - 318 N Ans. u = 39.8° Ans.
(F2)y = (450 N) sin 45° = 318 N Ans.
(F3)x = 1 35 2 600 N = 360 N Ans. F2–13. Fx = 75 cos 30° sin 45° = 45.93 N
Fy = 75 cos 30° cos 45° = 45.93 N
(F3)y = 1 45 2 600 N = 480 N Ans.
Fz = -75 sin 30° = -37.5 N
F2–8. FRx = 300 + 400 cos 30° - 250 1 45 2 = 446.4 N
a = cos -1 1 45.93
75 2 = 52.2° Ans.
FRy = 400 sin 30° + 250 1 35 2 = 350 N
FR = 2(446.4)2 + 3502 = 567 N Ans. b = 75 1 2 = 52.2°
cos -1 45.93 Ans.
u = 350
tan-1446.4 = 38.1° Ans. g = cos -1
1 - 75
37.5
2 = 120° Ans.
858
F u n d a m e n ta l P r o b l e m s S o l u t i o n s and Answers 859
F2–14. cos b = 21 - cos2 120° - cos2 60° = {0.7071 F2–22. F = FuAB = 900N 1 - 49i + 79j - 49k 2
Require b = 135°. = 5 -400i + 700j - 400k6 N Ans.
F = FuF = (500 N)( -0.5i - 0.7071j + 0.5k)
= 5 -250i - 354j + 250k6 N Ans. F2–23. FB = FBuB
= (840 N) 1 37i - 27j - 67k 2

F2–15. cos2a + cos2135° + cos2 120° = 1
a = 60° = 5360i - 240j - 720k6 N
F = FuF = (500 N)(0.5i - 0.7071j - 0.5k) FC = FCuC
= 5250i - 354j - 250k6 N Ans.
= (420 N) 1 27i + 37j - 67k 2
F2–16. Fz = (50 N) sin 45° = 35.36 N = 5120i + 180j - 360k6 N
F′ = (50 N) cos 45° = 35.36 N
FR = 2(480 N)2 + ( -60 N)2 + ( -1080 N)2
Fx = 1 35 2 (35.36 N) = 21.21 N
= 1.18 kN Ans.
Fy = 1 45 2 (35.36 N) = 28.28 N
F = 5 - 21.2i + 28.3j + 35.4k6 N Ans.
F2–24. FB = FBuB
F2–17. Fz = (750 N) sin 45° = 530.33 N = (3 kN) 1 - 13 i + 23 j - 23 k 2

F′ = (750 N) cos 45° = 530.33 N = 5 - 1 i + 2 j - 2 k6 kN
Fx = (530.33 N) cos 60° = 265.2 N
FC = FCuC
Fy = (530.33 N) sin 60° = 459.3 N
F2 = 5265i - 459j + 530k6 N Ans. = (2.45 kN) 1 - 67 i + 37 j - 27 k 2
= 5 - 2.10i + 1.05j - 0.7k6 kN

F2–18. F1 = 1 45 2 (500 N) j + 1 35 2 (500 N)k
= 5400j + 300k6 N FR = FB + FC = 5 - 3.10i + 3.05j - 2.70k6 kNAns.
F2 = [(800 N) cos 45°] cos 30° i

F2–25. uAO = - 13i + 23j - 23k
+ [(800 N) cos 45°] sin 30°j
+ (800 N) sin 45° ( - k) uF = -0.5345i + 0.8018j + 0.2673k
= 5489.90i + 282.84j - 565.69k6 N u = cos -1 (uAO # uF) = 57.7° Ans.

FR = F1 + F2 = 5490i + 683j - 266k6 N Ans.
F2–26. uAB = - 35j + 45k
F2–19. rAB = 5 - 6i + 6j + 3k6 m Ans.
uF = 45i - 35j
2 2 2
rAB = 2( - 6 m) + (6 m) + (3 m) = 9 m Ans.
a = 132°, b = 48.2°, g = 70.5° Ans. u = cos -1 (uAB # uF) = 68.9° Ans.
12 5
F2–20. rAB = 5 - 2 i + 1 j + 2 k6 m Ans. F2–27. uOA = 13 i + 13 j
rAB = 2( - 2 m)2 + (1 m)2 + (2 m)2 = 3 m Ans. uOA # j = uOA(1) cos u

a = cos -1 1 -32mm 2 = 131.8° cos u = 5
13 ; u = 67.4° Ans.
u = 180° - 131.8° = 48.2° Ans.
12 5
F2–28. uOA = 13 i + 13 j
F2–21. rAB = 52i + 3j - 6k6 m
FAB = FABuAB F = FuF = [650j] N
= (630 N) 1 2
7i + 3
7j - 6
7k 2 FOA = F # uOA = 250 N
= 5180i + 270j - 540k6 N Ans. FOA = FOA uOA = 5231i + 96.2j6 N Ans.
860 F u n d a m e n ta l P r o b l e m s S o l u t i o n s and Answers
54 i + 1 j - 6 k6m F3–7. a +(MR)O = ΣFd;

F2–29. F = (400 N)
2
2(4 m) + (1 m) + ( - 6 m) 2 2 (MR)O = -(600 N)(1 m)
= 5219.78i + 54.94j - 329.67k6 N + (500 N)[3 m + (2.5 m) cos 45°]
- (300 N)[(2.5 m) sin 45°]
5 - 4 j - 6 k6 m
uAO = = 1254 N # m = 1.25 kN # m Ans.
2( - 4 m)2 + ( - 6 m)2
a + (MR)O = ΣFd;
= - 0.5547j - 0.8321k
(FAO)proj = F # uAO = 244 N Ans. F3–8.
(MR)O = 31 35 2 500 N 4 (0.425 m)
F2–30. F = [( -600 N) cos 60°] sin 30° i - 31 45 2 500 N 4 (0.25 m)
+ [(600 N) cos 60°] cos 30° j
- [(600 N) cos 60°](0.25 m)
= -268 N # m = 268 N # m A
+ [(600 N) sin 60°] k
- [(600 N) sin 60°](0.425 m)
= 5 - 150i + 259.81j + 519.62k6 N
Ans.
uA = - 23i + 23j + 13k
(FA)par = F # uA = 446.41 N = 446 N Ans.
a + (MR)O = ΣFd;
2 2
(FA)per = 2(600 N) - (446.41 N) F3–9.
= 401 N Ans. (MR)O = (3 cos 30° kN)(2 m + 2 sin 30° m)
- (3 sin 30° kN)(2 cos 30° m)
F2–31. F = 56 N1 37i - 67j + 27k2
= 524i - 48j + 16k6 N + (2 kN)(2 cos 30° m)
1FAO2 } = F # uAO = 124i - 48j + 16k2 # 1 37 i - 67 j - 27k2 = 8.66 kN # m Ans.
= 46.86 N = 46.9 N Ans.
1FAO 2# = 2F 2 - 1FAO2 } = 21562 2 - 146.862 2
F3–10. F = FuAB = 500N 1 45i - 35j 2 = 5400i - 300j6 N
= 30.7 N Ans.
MO = rOA * F = 53j6 m * 5400i - 300j6 N
Chapter 3 = 5 -1200k6 N # m Ans.
F3–1. a + MO = - 1 2 (100 N)(2 m) - 1 2 (100 N)(5 m)
4
5
3
5
or
= - 460 N # m = 460 N # mBAns. MO = rOB * F = 54i6 m * 5400i - 300j6 N
= 5 - 1200k6 N # m
a + MO = [(300 N) sin 30°][0.4 m + (0.3 m) cos 45°]
Ans.
F3–2.
- [(300 N) cos 30°][(0.3 m) sin 45°]
= 36.7 N # m Ans. F3–11. F = FuBC
a +MO = (6 kN)[1.5 m + (1 m)cos 45° - 0.3 m]

52 i - 2 j - k6 m
= 600 N J R
F3–3. 2(2 m)2 + ( -2 m)2 + ( -1 m)2
= 11.4 kN # mAns.
= 5400i - 400j - 200k6 N
F3–4. a +MO = -50 sin 60° (0.1 + 0.2 cos 45° + 0.1) i j k
+ 50 cos 60°(0.2 sin 45°) MO = rC * F = 3 2.5 0 0 3
= - 11.2 N # m Ans. 400 -400 -200
= 5500j - 1000k6 N # m
a +MO = 60 sin 50° (2.5) + 60 cos 50° (0.25)
Ans.
F3–5. or
= 125 kN # m Ans.
i j k
F3–6. a + MO = 500 sin 45° (3 + 3 cos 45°) MO 3
= rB * F = 0.5 2 1 3
- 500 cos 45° (3 sin 45°) 400 -400 -200
= 1.06 kN # m Ans. = 5500j - 1000k6 N # m Ans.
F3–12. FR = F1 + F2 rAB 5 -4i + 3j6m

F3–17. uAB = = = - 0.8i + 0.6j
= 5(500 - 1000)i + ( -600 + 1250)j rAB 2( -4 m)2 + (3 m)2
+ (375 + 500)k6 N MAB = uAB # (rAC * F)
= 5 - 500i + 650j + 875k6 N
-0.8 0.6 0
i j k = 3 0 0 2 3 = -4 kN # m
(MR)O = rA * FR = 3 2 2.5 1.5 3 50 -40 20
- 500 650 875
MAB = MABuAB = 53.2i - 2.4j6 kN # m Ans.
= 51212.5i - 2500j + 2550k6 N # m Ans.
F3–18. Scalar Analysis
1 0 0 The magnitudes of the force components are

F3–13. Mx = i # (rOB * F) = 3 0.3 0.4 - 0.2 3 Fx = 1 35 2 3 45 15002 4 = 240 N
300 - 200 150 3
4 4
4
Fy = 5 5 15002 = 320 N
= 20 N # m Ans. 3
Fz = 5 15002 = 300 N
Mx = -320132 + 300122 = -360 N # m Ans.
rA 50.3i + 0.4j6 m My = -240132 - 300 ( -2) = -120 N # m Ans.
F3–14. uOA = = = 0.6 i + 0.8 j
rA 2(0.3 m)2 + (0.4 m)2 Mz = 240122 - 320 (2) = - 160 N # m Ans.
0.6 0.8 0 Vector Analysis
MOA = uOA # (rAB * F) = 3 0 0 - 0.2 3 F = 5 - 240i + 320j + 300k6N
300 -200 150
rOA = 5 - 2i + 2j + 3k6 m
= - 72 N # m Ans.
Mx = i # 1rOA * F2 = - 360 N # m
` MOA ` = 72 N # m
My = j # 1rOA * F2 = - 120 N # m
Mz = k # 1rOA * F2 = - 160 N # m
F3–15. Scalar Analysis
The magnitudes of the force components are F3–19. a+MCR = ΣMA = -400(3) + 400(5) - 300(5)
Fx = 200 cos 120° = 100 N
- 200(0.2) = - 740 N # m Ans.
Fy = 200 cos 60° = 100 N
Also,
a+MCR = -300(5) + 400(2) - 200(0.2)
Fz = 200 cos 45° = 141.42 N
Mx = - Fy 1z2 + Fz 1y2
= -740 N # m Ans.
= - 1100 N210.25 m2 + 1141.42 N210.3 m2
= 17.4 N # m
F3–20. a +MCR = 300(0.4) + 200(0.4) + 150(0.4)
Ans.
Vector Analysis
= 260 N # m Ans.
1 0 0
0.25 3 = 17.4 N # m
a+(MB)R = ΣMB
Mx = 3 0 0.3 Ans.
F3–21.
- 100 100 141.42
- 1.5 kN # m = (2 kN)(0.3 m) - F(0.9 m)
F = 2.33 kN Ans.
0 1 0
My = j # (rA * F) = 3 - 3
F3–22. a+MC = 10 1 35 2 (2) - 10 1 45 2 (4) = - 20 kN # m
F3–16. -4 2 3
30 -20 50
= 210 N # m Ans. = 20 kN # mB Ans.
r1 { - 2i + 2j + 3.5k} m a+MAR = ΣMA;

F3–23. u1 = = 3
r1 2( - 2 m)2 + (2 m)2 + (3.5 m)2 MAR = -30(3) - 5 (50)(6) - 200
= - 49i + 49j + 79k = -470 N # m Ans.
u2 = -k
+
F3–27. S (FR)x = ΣFx;
u3 = 35i - 45j
(FR)x = 900 sin 30° = 450 N S
(Mc)1 = (Mc)1u1
+ c (FR)y = ΣFy;
= (45 kN # m) 1 - 49i + 49j + 79k 2 (FR)y = -900 cos 30° - 300
= 5 - 20i + 20j + 35k6 kN # m = -1079.42 N = 1079.42 N T
(Mc)2 = (Mc)2u2 = (25 kN # m)( - k) FR = 24502 + 1079.422
= 5 - 25k6 kN # m = 1169.47 N = 1.17 kN Ans.
(Mc)3 = (Mc)3 u3 = (30 kN # m) 1 u = tan-1 1 1079.42
450 2 = 67.4° Ans.
a+(MR)A = ΣMA;
3
5i - 4
5j 2
= 518i - 24j6 kN # m
(MR)A = 300 - 900 cos 30° (0.75) - 300(2.25)
(Mc)R = ΣMc;
= -959.57 N # m
= 960 N # m A
(Mc)R = { -2i - 4j + 10k} kN # m Ans.
Ans.
F3–24. FB = 1 2 (450 N)j
4
5 - 1 2 (450 N)k
3
5
+
= 5360j - 270k6 N F3–28. S (FR)x = ΣFx;
(FR)x = 150 1 35 2 + 50 - 100 1 45 2 = 60 N S
i j k
Mc = rAB * FB = 3 0.4 0 0 3 + c (FR)y = ΣFy;
0 360 - 270 (FR)y = -150 1 45 2 - 100 1 35 2
= {108j + 144k} N # m Ans. = -180 N = 180 N T
Also, FR = 2602 + 1802 = 189.74 N = 190 N Ans.
Mc = (rA * FA) + (rB * FB) u = tan-1 1 180
60 2 = 71.6° Ans.
i j k i j k a+(MR)A = ΣMA;
= 30 0.3 3 + 3 0.4 0.3 3 (MR)A = 100 1 45 2 (0.1) - 100 1 35 2 (0.6) - 150 1 45 2 (0.3)
= -64.0 N # m = 64.0 N # m A
0 0
0 - 360 270 0 360 - 270 Ans.
= {108j + 144k} N # m Ans.
F3–29. FR = ΣF;
+ 3
F3–25. d FRx = ΣFx; FRx = 200 - 5 (100) = 140 N FR = F1 + F2
4
+ TFRy = ΣFy; FRy = 150 - 5 (100) = 70 N = ( -300i + 150j + 200k) + ( -450k)
FR = 21402 + 702 = 157 N Ans. = 5 - 300i + 150j - 250k6 N Ans.
u = tan-1 1 140
70
2 = 26.6° Ans.
b + MAR = ΣMA;
rOA = (2 - 0)j = 52j6 m
rOB = ( -1.5- 0)i + (2 - 0)j + (1 - 0)k
MAR = - 35(100)(0.4) + 4
5 (100)(0.6) - 150(0.3) = 5 - 1.5i + 2j + 1k6 m
MRA = -21.0 N # m = 21.0 N # mA Ans. (MR)O = ΣM;
F3–26. +
FRx = ΣFx; FRx = 4
(50) = 40 N (MR)O = rOB * F1 + rOA * F2
S 5
3
+ TFRy = ΣFy; FRy = 40 + 30 + 5 (50) i j k i j k
= 100 N = 3 -1.5 2 1 3 + 30 2 0 3
FR = 2(40)2 + (100)2 = 108 N Ans. - 300 150 200 0 0 - 450
u = tan-1 1 100
40 2 = 68.2° Ans. = 5 - 650i + 375k6N # m Ans.
F3–30. F1 = 5 - 100j6 N + c (FR)y = ΣFy;

5 - 0.4i - 0.3k6 m (FR)y = -6 kN - 1 45 2 5 kN
F2 = (200 N) J R
2( - 0.4 m)2 + ( - 0.3 m)2 = -10 kN = 10 kNT
= 5 - 160i - 120k6 N FR = 252 + 102 = 11.2 kN Ans.
Mc = 5 - 75i6 N # m u = tan-1 101kN
2 = 63.4° Ans.
a+(MR)A = ΣMA;
5 kN
FR = { - 160i - 100j - 120k} N Ans.
(MR)O = (0.3k) * ( - 100j) 5 kN(d) = 8 kN(3 m) - 6 kN(0.5 m)
i j k - 31 45 2 5 kN 4 (2 m)
+ 3 0 0.5 0.3 3 + ( - 75i) - 31 35 2 5 kN 4 (4 m)
- 160 0 - 120 d = 0.2 m Ans.
= { - 105i - 48j + 80k} N # m Ans.
F3–31. + TFR = ΣFy; FR = 5 + 2.5 + 5 F3–35. + TFR = ΣFz; FR = 400 + 500 - 100
= 12.5 kN Ans. = 800 N Ans.

a + FRx = ΣMO; MRx = ΣMx; -800y = -400(4) - 500(4)
-12.5(x) = -5(1) - 2.5(2) - 5(3) y = 4.50 m Ans.
x = 2 m Ans. MRy = ΣMy; 800x = 500(4) - 100(3)
+ x = 2.125 m Ans.
F3–32. S (FR)x = ΣFx;
(FR)x = 100 1 35 2 + 50 sin 30° = 85 N S
+ c (FR)y = ΣFy; F3–36. + TFR = ΣFz;
(FR)y = 200 + 50 cos 30° - 100 1 45 2 FR = 200 + 200 + 100 + 100

= 600 N Ans.
= 163.30 N c
MRx = ΣMx;
FR = 2852 + 163.302 = 184 N
- 600y = 200(1) + 200(1) + 100(3) - 100(3)
u = tan-1 1 163.30
85 2 = 62.5° Ans.
a+ (MR)A = ΣMA;
y = -0.667 m Ans.
MRy = ΣMy;
163.30(d) = 200(1) - 100 1 45 2 (2) + 50 cos 30°(3)
600x = 100(3) + 100(3) + 200(2) - 200(3)
d = 1.04 m Ans.
x = 0.667 m Ans.
F3–33. + (F ) = ΣF ;
S R x x
(FR)x = 15 1 45 2 = 12 kN S F3–37. + c FR = ΣFy;

+ c (FR)y = ΣFy; - FR = -6(1.5) - 9(3) - 3(1.5)
(FR)y = - 20 + 15 1 3
2 FR = 40.5 kNT Ans.
a+(MR)A = ΣMA;
5 = - 11 kN = 11 kNT
2 2
FR = 212 + 11 = 16.3 kN Ans.
u = 1 2
tan-1 11 = 42.5° Ans. -40.5(d) = 6(1.5)(0.75)
a+(MR)A = ΣMA;
12
- 9(3)(1.5) - 3(1.5)(3.75)
-11(d) = - 20(2) - 15 1 4
2 (2) + 15 1 3
2 (6) d = 1.25 m Ans.
5 5
d = 0.909 m Ans.
1
F3–38. FR = (3)(15) + 4(15) = 82.5 kN Ans.
b +MAR = ΣMA;
2
+
F3–34. S (FR)x = ΣFx;
(FR)x = 1 35 2 5 kN - 8 kN -82.5d = 3 12 (3)(15) 4 (2) + [4(15)](5)
= - 5 kN = 5 kN d d = 4.18 m Ans.
F3–39. + c FR = ΣFy; F4–3. a+ ΣMA = 0;

-FR = - 1
2 (6)(3) - 1
2 (6)(6)
NB[6 m + (6 m) cos 45°]
FR = 27 kNT Ans. - 10 kN[2 m + (6 m) cos 45°]
a+(MR)A = ΣMA; - 5 kN(4 m) = 0
NB = 8.047 kN = 8.05 kN Ans.
-27(d) = 12(6)(3)(1) - 12(6)(6)(2) +
S ΣF x = 0;
d = 1 m Ans.
(5 kN) cos 45° - Ax = 0
F3–40. + TFR = ΣFy; Ax = 3.54 kN Ans.
FR = 12(50)(3) + 150(3) + 500 + c ΣFy = 0;
= 1025 N = 1.025 kN Ans. Ay + 8.047 kN - (5 kN) sin 45° - 10 kN = 0
a + MAR = ΣMA; Ay = 5.49 kN Ans.
- 1025d = - 3 12(50)(3)4 (2) - [150(3)](1.5) - 500(4.5) +
F4–4. S ΣFx = 0; -Ax + 400 cos 30° = 0
d = 3.00 m Ans. Ax = 346 N Ans.
F3–41. + c FR = ΣFy; + c ΣFy = 0;
Ay - 200 - 200 - 200 - 400 sin 30° = 0
-FR = - 12(3)(4.5) - 3(6)
a+ ΣMA = 0;
Ay = 800 N Ans.
FR = 24.75 kNT Ans.
a+ (MR)A = ΣMA;
MA - 200(2.5) - 200(3.5) - 200(4.5)
-24.75(d) = - 12(3)(4.5)(1.5) - 3(6)(3) - 400 sin 30°(4.5) - 400 cos 30°(3 sin 60°) = 0
d = 2.59 m Ans. MA = 3.90 kN # m Ans.
a+ ΣMA = 0;
4
L L0
F3–42. FR = w(x) dx = 2.5x 3 dx = 160 N F4–5.
4
NC(0.7 m) - [25(9.81) N] (0.5 m) cos 30° = 0
L L0
xw(x) dx 2.5x 4 dx NC = 151.71 N = 152 N Ans.
+
x= = = 3.20 m Ans. S ΣFx = 0;
L
160
w(x) dx TAB cos 15° - (151.71 N) cos 60° = 0
TAB = 78.53 N = 78.5 N Ans.
+ c ΣFy = 0;
Chapter 4
FA + (78.53 N) sin 15°
F4–1. +
S ΣFx - Ax + 5 1 35 2 = 0
= 0;
+ (151.71 N) sin 60° - 25(9.81) N = 0
a+ ΣMA = 0; By(3) - 5 1 45 2 (1.5) - 3 = 0

Ax = 3 kN Ans.
FA = 93.5 N Ans.
a + ΣMB = 0; 5 1 45 2 (1.5) - 3 - Ay(3) = 0

By = 3 kN Ans. +
F4–6. S ΣFx = 0;
NC sin 30° - (250 N) sin 60° = 0
Ay = 1 kN Ans.
NC = 433.0 N = 433 N Ans.
a + ΣMB = 0;
a+ ΣMA = 0;

F4–2.
-NA sin 30°(0.15 m) - 433.0 N(0.2 m)
FCD sin 45°(1.5 m) - 4 kN(3 m) = 0
+ [(250 N) cos 30°](0.6 m) = 0
FCD = 11.31 kN = 11.3 kN Ans.
+ NA = 577.4 N = 577 N Ans.
S ΣFx = 0; Ax + (11.31 kN) cos 45° = 0
+ c ΣFy = 0;
Ax = - 8 kN = 8 kN d Ans.
+ c ΣFy = 0; NB - 577.4 N + (433.0 N)cos 30°
Ay + (11.31 kN) sin 45° - 4 kN = 0 - (250 N) cos 60° = 0
Ay = - 4 kN = 4 kN T Ans. NB = 327 N Ans.
F4–7. ΣMx′ = 0; - 450 N(0.6 m + 0.6 m) = 0

TB(3) - 200(9.81)(1.5) = 0 TB = 981 N Ans. 1.2Cz + 0.6Bz - 540 = 0
ΣMy′ = 0; ΣMy = 0; -Cz(0.6 m + 0.4 m)
TA(4) - 2000(2) - 200(9.81)(2) = 0 - Bz(0.6 m) + 450 N(0.6 m) = 0
TA = 1981N = 1.98 kN Ans. -Cz - 0.6Bz + 270 = 0
ΣFz = 0;
Cz = 1350 N Bz = -1800 N Ans.
TC + 981 + 1981 - 2000 - 200(9.81) = 0 ΣFz = 0;
TC = 1000 N = 1 kN Ans. Az + 1350 N + ( - 1800 N) - 450 N = 0
Az = 900 N Ans.
F4–8. ΣMy = 0;
600 N(0.2 m) + 900 N(0.6 m) - FA(1 m) = 0 F4–11. ΣFy = 0; Ay = 0 Ans.
FA = 660 N Ans. ΣMx = 0; -9(3) + FCE(3) = 0
ΣMx = 0; FCE = 9 kN Ans.
Dz(0.8 m) - 600 N(0.5 m) - 900 N(0.1 m) = 0 ΣMz = 0; FCF(3) - 6(3) = 0
Dz = 487.5 N Ans. FCF = 6 kN Ans.
ΣFx = 0; Dx = 0 Ans. ΣMy = 0; 9(4) - Az (4) - 6(1.5) = 0
ΣFy = 0; Dy = 0 Ans. Az = 6.75 kN Ans.
ΣFz = 0; ΣFx = 0; Ax + 6 - 6 = 0 Ax = 0 Ans.
TBC + 660 N + 487.5 N - 900 N - 600 N = 0 ΣFz = 0; FDB + 9 - 9 + 6.75 = 0
TBC = 352.5 N Ans. FDB = -6.75 kN Ans.
F4–9. ΣFy = 0; 400 N + Cy = 0; F4–12. ΣFx = 0; Ax = 0 Ans.

Cy = - 400 N Ans. ΣFy = 0; Ay = 0 Ans.
ΣMy = 0; - Cx (0.4 m) - 600 N (0.6 m) = 0
ΣFz = 0; Az + FBC - 80 = 0
Cx = - 900 N Ans.
ΣMx = 0; (MA)x + FBC(0.6) - 80(0.6) = 0
ΣMx = 0; Bz (0.6 m) + 600 N (1.2 m)
ΣMy = 0; FBC(0.3) - 80(0.15) = 0 FBC = 40 N
+ ( - 400 N)(0.4 m) = 0
ΣMz = 0; (MA)z = 0 Ans.
Bz = - 933.3 N Ans.
Az = 40 N (MA)x = 24 N # m Ans.
ΣMz = 0;
-Bx (0.6 m) - ( -900 N)(1.2 m) F4–13. a) + c ΣFy = 0; N - 50(9.81) - 200 1 35 2 = 0
+ ( - 400 N)(0.6 m) = 0 N = 610.5 N
S ΣFx = 0; F - 200 1 5 2 = 0
Bx = 1400 N Ans. + 4
ΣFx = 0; 1400 N + ( -900 N) + Ax = 0 F = 160 N

Ax = - 500 N Ans. F 6 Fmax = μs N = 0.3(610.5) = 183.15 N,

ΣFz = 0; Az - 933.3 N + 600 N = 0 therefore F = 160 N Ans.
Az = 333.3 N Ans.
b) + c ΣFy = 0; N - 50(9.81) - 400 1 3
5 2 = 0
F4–10. ΣFx = 0; Bx = 0 Ans. N = 730.5 N
S ΣFx = 0; F - 400 1 5 2 = 0
+ 4
ΣMz = 0;
Cy(0.4 m + 0.6 m) = 0 Cy = 0 Ans. F = 320 N
ΣFy = 0; Ay + 0 = 0 Ay = 0 Ans. F 7 Fmax = μs N = 0.3(730.5) = 219.15 N

Block slips
ΣMx = 0; Cz(0.6 m + 0.6 m) + Bz(0.6 m)
F = μk N = 0.2(730.5) = 146 N
Ans.
F4–14. a + ΣMB = 0; F4–19. A will not move. Assume B is about to slip on C

and A, and C is stationary.
NA(3) + 0.2NA(4) - 30(9.81)(2) = 0
+
S ΣFx = 0; P - 0.31502 - 0.41752; P = 45 N
NA = 154.89 N
+ Assume C is about to slip and B does not slip on
S ΣFx = 0; P - 154.89 = 0 C, but is about to slip at A.
P = 154.89 N = 155 N Ans. +
S ΣFx = 0; P - 0.31502 - 0.351902 = 0
P = 46.5 N 7 45 N
F4–15. Crate A
P = 45 N Ans.
+ c ΣFy = 0; NA - 50(9.81) = 0
NA = 490.5 N F4–20. is about to move down the plane and B moves
A
+
S ΣFx = 0; T - 0.25(490.5) = 0 upward.
T = 122.62 N Block A
Crate B + aΣFy = 0; N = W cos u
+ c ΣFy = 0; NB + P sin 30° - 50(9.81) = 0 + QΣFx = 0; T + μs 1W cos u2 - W sin u = 0
NB = 490.5 - 0.5P T = W sin u - μs W cos u(1)

+ Block B
S ΣFx = 0;
+ aΣFy = 0; N′ = 2 W cos u
P cos 30° - 0.25(490.5 - 0.5 P) - 122.62 = 0
+ QΣFx = 0; 2T - μsW cos u - μs 12W cos u2
P = 247 N Ans.
- W sin u = 0
Using Eq.(1);
+
F4–16. S ΣFx = 0; NA - 0.3NB = 0
u = tan -1 5μs Ans.
+ c ΣFy = 0;
NB + 0.3NA + P - 100(9.81) = 0
a+ ΣMO = 0; F4–21. Assume B is about to slip on A, FB = 0.3 NB.
P(0.6) - 0.3NB(0.9) - 0.3 NA(0.9) = 0 +
S ΣFx = 0; P - 0.3110219.812 = 0
NA = 175.70 N NB = 585.67 N P = 29.4 N
P = 343 N Ans. Assume B is about to tip on A, x = 0.
a + ΣMO = 0; 1019.81210.152 - P10.42 = 0
F4–17. If slipping occurs:
P = 36.8 N
+ c ΣFy = 0; Nc - 120(9.81) = 0 Nc = 1177.2 N
Assume A is about to slip, FA = 0.1 NA.
+
S ΣFx = 0; P - 0.4(1177.2) = 0; P = 470.88 N +
S ΣFx = 0 P - 0.13719.812 + 1019.8124 = 0
If tipping occurs:
a+ ΣMA = 0; - P(1.5) + 120(9.81)(0.5) = 0
P = 16.7 N
Choose the smallest result. P = 16.7 N Ans.
P = 392.4 N = 392 N Ans.
a+ ΣMA = 0; 490.510.62 - T cos 60°10.3 cos 60° + 0.62

F4–18.
Chapter 5
- T sin 60° 10.3 sin 60°2 = 0 F5–1. Joint A.
T = 490.5 N + c ΣFy = 0; 22.5 kN - FAD sin 45° = 0
+
S ΣFx = 0; 490.5 sin 60° - NA = 0; NA = 424.8 N FAD = 31.82 kN (C) = 31.8 kN (C) Ans.
+
+ c ΣFy = 0; μs 1424.82 + 490.5 cos 60° - 490.5 = 0 S ΣFx = 0; FAB - (31.82 kN) cos 45° = 0
μs = 0.577 Ans. FAB = 22.5 kN (T) Ans.
Joint B. F5–6. Joint C.

+
S ΣFx = 0; FBC - 22.5 kN = 0 + c ΣFy = 0; 25.98 kN - FCD sin 30° = 0
FBC = 22.5 kN (T) Ans. FCD = 51.96 kN (C) = 52.0 kN (C) Ans.
+
+ c ΣFy = 0; FBD = 0 Ans. S ΣFx = 0; (51.96 kN) cos 30° - FBC = 0
Joint D. FBC = 45.0 kN (T) Ans.
+
S ΣFx = 0; Joint D.
FCD cos 45° + (31.82 kN) cos 45° - 45 kN = 0 + QΣFy′ = 0; FBD cos 30° = 0 FBD = 0 Ans.
+ RΣFx′ = 0; FDE - 51.96 kN = 0
FCD = 31.82 kN (T) = 31.8 kN (T) Ans.
F5–2. Joint D. FDE = 51.96 kN (C) = 52.0 kN (C) Ans.
3 Joint B.
+ c ΣFy = 0; 5 FCD - 30 = 0;
c ΣFy = 0; FBE sin f = 0 FBE = 0 Ans.
FCD = 50.0 kN (T) Ans.
+
+ ΣF = 0; - F 4 S ΣFx = 0; 45.0 kN - FAB = 0
S x AD + 5 (50.0) = 0
FAB = 45.0 kN (T) Ans.
FAD = 40.0 kN (C) Ans.
Joint A.
FBC = 50.0 kN (T), FAC = FAB = 0 Ans.
+ c ΣFy = 0; 34.02 kN - FAE = 0
F5–3. Dx = 80.0 kN, Dy = 140 kN, Ax = 80.0 kN
FAE = 34.0 kN (C) Ans.
Joint B.
S+ ΣF = 0; F
x BA = 0 Ans. F5–7. + c ΣFy = 0; FCF sin 45° - 60 - 80 = 0
+ c ΣFy = 0; -60 + FBC = 0; FBC = 60.0 kN (T) Ans. FCF = 198 kN (T) Ans.
Joint C. a + ΣMC = 0; FFE(1) - 80(1) = 0

+ c ΣFy = 0; FCA 1 35 2 - 60.0 = 0; FFE = 80.0 kN (T) Ans.
a + ΣMF = 0; FBC(1) - 60(1) - 80(2) = 0
FCA = 100 kN (C) Ans.

+ ΣF = 0; - F
S x CD + 1 45 2 (100 kN) = 0; FBC = 220 kN (C) Ans.
a+ ΣMA = 0;
FCD = 80.0 kN (T)Ans.
F5–8. Gy(12 m) - 20 kN(2 m)
Joint A.
- 30 kN(4 m) - 40 kN(6 m) = 0
+ c ΣFy = 0; - 80 - 100 1 35 2 + FAD = 0;
Gy = 33.33 kN
FAD = 140 kN (T)Ans.
+ c ΣFy = 0; FKC + 33.33 kN - 40 kN = 0
F5–4. Joint C.
FKC = 6.67 kN (C) Ans.
a + ΣMK = 0;
+ c ΣFy = 0; 2F cos 30° - P = 0

FAC = FBC = F = 2 cosP 30° = 0.5774P (C)
33.33 kN(8 m) - 40 kN(2 m) - FCD(3 m) = 0
Joint B.
+ FCD = 62.22 kN = 62.2 kN (T) Ans.
S ΣFx = 0; 0.5774P cos 60° - FAB = 0
+
FAB = 0.2887P (T) S ΣFx = 0; FLK - 62.22 kN = 0
FAB = 0.2887P = 2 kN FLK = 62.2 kN (C) Ans.
P = 6.928 kN
F5–9. From the geometry of the truss,
FAC = FBC = 0.5774P = 1.5 kN
f = tan-1(3 m>2 m) = 56.31°.
a + ΣMK = 0;
P = 2.598 kN
The smaller value of P is chosen,
P = 2.598 kN = 2.60 kN Ans. 33.33 kN(8 m) - 40 kN(2 m) - FCD(3 m) = 0
FCD = 62.2 kN (T) Ans.
a + ΣMD = 0; 33.33 kN(6 m) - FKJ(3 m) = 0
F5–5. FCB = 0 Ans.
FCD = 0 Ans.
FAE = 0 Ans. FKJ = 66.7 kN (C) Ans.
FDE = 0 Ans.
+ c ΣFy = 0; F5–13. + c ΣFy = 0; 3P - 30(9.81) = 0

33.33 kN - 40 kN + FKD sin 56.31° = 0 P = 98.1 N Ans.
FKD = 8.01 kN (T) Ans. F5–14. a+ ΣMC = 0;
F5–10. From the geometry of the truss, - 1 45 2 (FAB)(4.5) + 4(3) + 5(1.5) = 0
(3 m) tan 30°
tan f = = 1.732 f = 60°
a + ΣMC = 0;
1m FAB = 5.4167 kN
+ 3
S ΣFx = 0; -Cx + 5 (5.4167) = 0
- FEF sin 30°(2 m) + (30 kN)(2 m) = 0 Cx = 3.25 kN Ans.
FEF = 60.0 kN (C) Ans. 4
a + ΣMD = 0;
+ c ΣFy = 0; Cy + 5 (5.4167) - 4 - 5 = 0
Cy = 4.67 kN Ans.
(30 kN)(2 m) - FCF sin 60° (2 m) = 0 F5–15. a+ ΣMA = 0; 100 N(250 mm) - NB(50 mm) = 0
FCF = 34.64 kN (T) = 34.6 kN (T)Ans.
a + ΣMF = 0;
NB = 500 N Ans.
+
S ΣFx = 0; (500 N) sin 45° - Ax = 0
(30 kN)(2 m) - FBC(3 m)tan 30° = 0 Ax = 353.55 N
FBC = 34.64 kN (T) = 34.6 kN (T)Ans. + c ΣFy = 0; Ay - 100 N - (500 N) cos 45° = 0
F5–11. From the geometry of the truss, Ay = 453.55 N
u = tan-1 (1 m>2 m) = 26.57°
f = tan-1 (3 m>2 m) = 56.31°. FA = 2(353.55 N)2 + (453.55 N)2
= 575 N Ans.
a+ ΣMC = 0;
The location of O can be found using similar
triangles. F5–16.
1m 2m 400(2) + 800 - FBA 1 110
3
2 (1)
2m
=
2m + x - FBA 1 110
1
2 (3) = 0
4m = 2m + x FBA = 843.27 N
+
S ΣFx = 0; Cx - 843.27 1 110
3
2 = 0
a + ΣMG = 0;
x = 2m
Cx = 800 N Ans.
26.25 kN(4 m) - 15 kN(2 m) - FCD(3 m) = 0 + c ΣFy = 0; Cy + 843.27 1 1
2 - 400 = 0
110
FCD = 25 kN (T) Ans.
a+ ΣMD = 0;
Cy = 133 N Ans.
26.25 kN(2 m) - FGF cos 26.57°(2 m) = 0

Chapter 6
a + ΣMO = 0; 15 kN(4 m) - 26.25 kN(2 m)
FGF = 29.3 kN (C) Ans. 1m
LA 2 L0
∼ 1
x dA y2/3 dy
- FGD sin 56.31°(4 m) = 0 F6–1. x = = = 0.4 m Ans.
1m
LA L0
FGD = 2.253 kN = 2.25 kN (T) Ans. dA 1/3
a+ ΣMH = 0;
y dy
F5–12.
1m
LA L0
FDC(4 m) + (12 kN)(3 m) - (16 kN)(7 m) = 0 ∼
y dA y4/3 dy
FDC = 19.0 kN (C) Ans.
a+ ΣMD = 0;
y = = 1m
= 0.571 m Ans.
LA L0
dA 1/3
y dy
(12 kN)(7 m) - (16 kN)(3 m) - FHI (4 m) = 0
1m
LA L0
FHI = 9.00 kN (C) Ans.
a + ΣMC = 0; FJI cos 45°(4 m) + (12 kN)(7 m)
∼
x dA x(x 3 dx)
F6–2. x = = 1m
LA L0
- (9.00 kN)(4 m) - (16 kN)(3 m) = 0 dA 3
x dx
FJI = 0 Ans.
= 0.8 m Ans.
1m Σy A 150[300(50)] + 325[50(300)]
LA L0
∼ 1 3 3
y dA x 1 x dx 2 F6–8. y = =
2 ΣA 300(50) + 50(300)
y = = 1m = 237.5 mm Ans.
LA L0
dA 3
x dx
Σy A 100[2(200)(50)] + 225[50(400)]
F6–9. y = =
= 0.286 m Ans. ΣA 2(200)(50) + 50(400)
= 162.5 mm Ans.
2m
y1/2
LA L0
∼
y dA ya2a b bdy Σx A 0.25[4(0.5)] + 1.75[0.5(2.5)]
22 F6–10. = x =
F6–3. y = = 2m
ΣA 4(0.5) + 0.5(2.5)
LA
y1/2
L0
dA 2a bdy = 0.827 m. Ans.
22 Σy A 2[4(0.5)] + 0.25[(0.5)(2.5)]
= 1.2 m Ans. y = =
ΣA 4(0.5) + (0.5)(2.5)
L = 1.33 m. Ans.
x2
Lm L0
∼
x dW xJW0 ¢1 + ≤dx R
L2 Σx V 1[2(7)(6)] + 4[4(2)(3)]
F6–4. x = = F6–11. = x =
L ΣV 2(7)(6) + 4(2)(3)
Lm
x2
L0
dW W0 ¢1 + ≤dx
L2 = 1.67 m Ans.
9 Σy V 3.5[2(7)(6)] + 1[4(2)(3)]
= L Ans. y = =
16 ΣV 2(7)(6) + 4(2)(3)
1m = 2.94 m Ans.
LV L0
∼ p
y dV y¢ ydy≤ Σz V 3[2(7)(6)] + 1.5[4(2)(3)]
4 z = =
F6–5. y = = ΣV 2(7)(6) + 4(2)(3)
1m
LV L0
dV p = 2.67 m Ans.
y dy
4
= 0.667 m Ans. Σx V
F6–12. x =
ΣV
2m
LV L0
∼ 9p 1 1
z dV zc (4 - z)2 dz d 0.25[0.5(2.5)(1.8)] + 0.25 J (1.5)(1.8)(0.5) R + J (1.5)(1.8)(0.5) R
64 2 2
F6–6. z = = 2m
=
LV
1 1
L0
dV 9p 0.5(2.5)(1.8) + (1.5)(1.8)(0.5) + (1.5)(1.8)(0.5)
(4 - z)2 dz 2 2
64
= 0.786 m
Ans. = 0.391 m Ans.
Σy V 5.00625
Σx L y = = = 1.39 m Ans.
F6–7. x = ΣV 3.6
ΣL Σz V 2.835
150(300) + 300(600) + 300(400) z = = = 0.7875 m Ans.
= ΣV 3.6
300 + 600 + 400
= 265 mm Ans. F6–13.
1m
LA L0
Σy L Ix = y2 dA = y2 3 1 1 - y3>2 2 dy 4 = 0.111 m4Ans.
y =
ΣL
0(300) + 300(600) + 600(400)
= F6–14.
300 + 600 + 400 1m
LA L0
= 323 mm Ans. Ix = y2 dA = y2 1 y3>2dy 2 = 0.222 m4 Ans.
Σz L
z =
ΣL
F6–15.
0(300) + 0(600) + ( - 200)(400) 1m
=
LA L0
300 + 600 + 400 Iy = x 2 dA = x 2 1 x 2>3 2 dx = 0.273 m4 Ans.
= - 61.5 mm Ans.
1m
F6–19. Iy = 2 3 12
1
(50) 1 2003 2 + 0 4
LA L0
F6–16. Iy = x 2 dA = x 2 3 (1 - x 2>3) dx 4 = 0.0606 m4Ans.
+ 3 121 (300) 1 503 2 + 04
F6–17. Ix = 3 12 (50) 1 4503 2 + 0 4 +
1
3 1
12 (300) 1 50 2
3
+ 04 6
= 69.8 (10 ) mm 4
Ans.
= 383 1 106 2 mm4 Ans. F6–20.
Iy = 3 121 (450) 1 503 2 + 0 4 Σy A 15(150)(30) + 105(30)(150)
y = = = 60 mm
+ 2 3 121
(50) 1 1503 2 + (150)(50)(100)2 4 ΣA 150(30) + 30(150)
= 183 1 106 2 mm4 Ans. Ix′ = Σ(I + Ad 2)
= 3 12
1
(150)(30)3 + (150)(30)(60 - 15)2 4
F6–18. 1
Ix = 12 (360) 1 2003 2 - 12
1
(300) 1 1403 2
= 171 1 106 2 mm4 Ans. + 3 121 (30)(150)3 + 30(150)(105 - 60)2 4
1
Iy = 12 (200) 1 3603 2 - 12
1
(140) 1 3003 2 = 27.0 (106) mm4 Ans.
= 463 1 10 2 mm
6 4
Ans.
Chapter 7
F7–1. Entire beam:
a+ ΣMB = 0; 60 − 10(2) − Ay(2) = 0 Ay = 20 kN
Left segment:
S+ ΣF = 0; NC = 0 Ans.
x
+ c ΣFy = 0; 20 − VC = 0 VC = 20 kN Ans.
a+ ΣMC = 0; MC + 60 − 20(1) = 0 MC = −40 kN · m Ans.
a+ ΣMA = 0; By(3) − 100(1.5)(0.75) − 200(1.5)(2.25) = 0
By = 262.5 N
Right segment:
S+ ΣF = 0; NC = 0 Ans.
x
+ c ΣFy = 0; VC + 262.5 − 200(1.5) = 0 VC = 37.5 N Ans.
a+ ΣMC = 0; 262.5(1.5) − 200(1.5)(0.75) − MC = 0 MC = 169 N · m Ans.
+ ΣF = 0;
S Bx = 0
a+ ΣMA = 0;
x
20(2)(1) − By(4) = 0 By = 10 kN
Right segment:
+ ΣF = 0;
S NC = 0 Ans.
x
+ c ΣFy = 0; VC − 10 = 0 VC = 10 kN Ans.
a+ ΣMC = 0; −MC − 10(2) = 0 MC = −20 kN · m Ans.
a+ ΣMB = 0;
1
(10)(3)(2) + 10(3)(4.5) - Ay(6) = 0 Ay = 27.5 kN
2
Left segment:
+ ΣF = 0;
S NC = 0 Ans.
x
+ c ΣFy = 0; 27.5 − 10(3) − VC = 0 VC = −2.5 kN Ans.
a+ ΣMC = 0; MC + 10(3)(1.5) − 27.5(3) = 0 MC = 37.5 kN · m Ans.
+ ΣF = 0;
S Ax = 0
a+ ΣMB = 0;
x
1 1
5(2)(1) - (5)(1) a b - Ay (2) = 0 Ay = 4.583 kN
2 3
Left segment:
S+ ΣFx = 0; NC = 0 Ans.
+ c ΣFy = 0; 4.583 - 5(1) - VC = 0 VC = - 0.417 kN Ans.
a+ ΣMC = 0; MC + 5(1)(0.5) - 4.583(1) = 0 MC = 2.08 kN·m Ans.
a+ ΣMA = 0;
3
FBD a b(4) - 5(6)(3) = 0 FBD = 37.5 kN
5
+ ΣF = 0; 4
S x 37.5 a b - Ax = 0 Ax = 30 kN
5
3
+ c ΣFy = 0; Ay + 37.5 a b - 5(6) = 0 Ay = 7.5 kN
5
Left segment:
S+ ΣF = 0; NC − 30 = 0 NC = 30 kN Ans.
x
+ c ΣFy = 0; 7.5 − 5(2) − VC = 0 VC = −2.5 kN Ans.
a + ΣMC = 0; MC + 5(2)(1) − 7.5(2) = 0 MC = 5 kN · m Ans.
F7–7. Beam: F7–11.

ΣMA = 0; TCD = 2w p p
AA = AC = (0.0052) = 6.25(10 - 6)p m2, AB = (0.012)
4 4
ΣFy = 0; TAB = w
Rod AB: = 25(10 - 6)p m2
N w NA 300
s = ; 300(103) = ; sA = = = 15.3 MPa (T) Ans.
A 10 AA 6.25(10 - 6)p
w = 3 N>m
NB -600
Rod CD: sB = = = - 7.64 MPa = 7.64 MPa (C) Ans.
AB 25(10 - 6)p
N 2w NC
s = ; 300(103) = ; 200
A 15 sC = = = 10.2 MPa (T) Ans.
AC 6.25(10 - 6)p
w = 2.25 N>m Ans.
F7–12. Pin at A:
F7–8. A = p(0.12 − 0.082) = 3.6(10−3)p m2 FAD = 50(9.81) N = 490.5 N
N 300(103)
savg = = = 26.5 MPa Ans. 3
A 3.6(10-3)p + c ΣFy = 0; FAC a b - 490.5 = 0 FAC = 817.5 N
5
F7–9. A = 3[0.1(0.025)] = 7.5(10−3) m2 + ΣF = 0; 817.5a 4 b - F = 0
S x AB FAB = 654 N
5
N 75(103) p
savg = = = 10.0(106) N>m2 = 10.0 MPa Ans. AAB = (0.0082) = 16(10-6)p m2
A 7.5(10 - 3) 4
F7–10. Consider the cross section to be a rectangle and FAB 654
(sAB)avg = = = 13.0 MPa Ans.
two triangles. AAB 16(10-6)p
~ 1 F7–13. Ring C:
Σ yA 0.15[(0.3)(0.12)] + (0.1) c (0.16)(0.3) d
2 + c ΣFy = 0; 2F cos 60° − 200(9.81) = 0 F = 1962 N
y = =
ΣA 1
0.3(0.12) + (0.16)(0.3) F 1962
2 (sallow)avg = ; 150(106) =
A p 2
= 0.13 m = 130 mm Ans. d
4
N 600(103) d = 0.00408 m = 4.08 mm
savg = = = 10 MPa Ans.
A 0.06 Use d = 5 mm. Ans.
F7–14. Entire frame: F7–19. Eyebolt:

ΣFy = 0; Ay = 60 kN + ΣF = 0; 30 − N = 0 N = 30 kN
S x
ΣMB = 0; Ax = 80 kN sY 250
sallow = = = 166.67 MPa
F.S. 1.5
FA = 2602 + 802 = 100 kN
N 30(103)
sallow = ; 166.67(106) =
FA >2 100(103)>2 A p 2
(tA)avg = = d
A p 2 4
4 (0.05 )
d = 15.14 mm
= 25.46(106) N>m2 = 25.5 MPa Ans. Use d = 16 mm. Ans.
F7–15. Center plate, bolts have double shear:

F7–20. Right segment through AB:
ΣFx = 0; 4V − 10 = 0 V = 2.5 kN + ΣF = 0; N − 150 = 0 N = 150 kN
S x AB AB
p
A = (0.0122) = 0.1131(10-3) m2
4 + ΣF = 0; N − 75 − 75 − 150 = 0 N = 300 kN
S x BC BC
V 2.5(103) sY 350
tavg = = sallow = = = 233.33 MPa
A 0.1131(10 - 3) F.S. 1.5
= 22.10(106) N>m2 = 22.1 MPa Ans. Segment AB:
NAB 150 (103)
F7–16. Nails have single shear: sallow = ; 233.33 (106)=
AAB h1(0.012)
P h1 = 0.05357 m = 53.57 mm
ΣFx = 0; P − 3V = 0 V =
3 Segment BC:
p
A = (0.0042) = 4(10-6)p m2 NBC 300(103)
4 sallow = ; 233.33(106) =
P ABC h2(0.012)
V 3 h2 = 0.1071 m = 107.1 mm
(tavg)allow = ; 60(106) = Use h1 = 54 mm and h2 = 108 mm Ans.
A 4(10-6)p
P = 2.262(103) N = 2.26 kN Ans.
F7–21. N=P
F7–17. Strut: sY 250
sallow = = = 125 MPa
+ ΣF = 0; V − P cos 60° = 0 V = 0.5P
S F.S. 2
x
p
Ar = (0.042) = 1.2566(10-3) m2
0.05 4
A = a b ( 0.025) = 1.4434(10-3) m2 Aa–a = 2(0.06 − 0.03)(0.05) = 3(10−3) m2
sin 60°
The rod will fail first.
V 0.5P N P
(tavg)allow = ; 600(103) = sallow = ; 125(106) =
A 1.4434(10-3) Ar 1.2566(10-3)
P = 1.732(103) N = 1.73 kN Ans. P = 157.08(103) N = 157 kN Ans.
F7–18. The resultant force on the pin is F7–22. Pin has double shear:
F = 2302 + 402 = 50 kN. S+ ΣF = 0; 80 − 2V = 0 V = 40 kN
x
tfail 100
We have double shear: tallow = = = 40 MPa
F.S. 2.5
F 50 V 40(103)
V = = = 25 kN tallow = ; 40(106) =
2 2 A p 2
p d
A = (0.032) = 0.225(10-3)p m2 4
4
d = 0.03568 m = 35.68 mm
V 25(103)
tavg = = = 35.4 MPa Ans. Use d = 36 mm. Ans.
A 0.225(10-3)p
F7–23. Shear plane F7–26. 600 mm 600 mm

for bolt B C
A
dC
u dB
0.02°
u = a bp rad = 0.3491(10-3) rad
180°
dB = uLAB = 0.3491(10-3)(600) = 0.2094 mm
dC = uLAC = 0.3491(10-3)(1200) = 0.4189 mm
dB 0.2094
PBD = = = 0.524(10-3) mm>mm Ans.
LBD 400
Shear plane dC 0.4189
PCE = = = 0.698(10-3) mm>mm Ans.
P for plate LCE 600
V=P F7–27. y
2 mm
tfail 120 D C
tallow = = = 48 MPa
F.S. 2.5
a
Area of shear plane for bolt head and plate:
Ab = pdt = p(0.04)(0.075) = 0.003p m2 400 mm
2
Ap = pdt = p(0.08)(0.03) = 0.0024p m
Since the area of shear plane for the plate is b
B x
smaller, A 4 mm
300 mm
V P
tallow = ; 48(106) = 2 4
Ap 0.0024p a = = 0.005 rad b = = 0.01333 rad
400 300
P = 361.91(103) N = 362 kN Ans. p
(gA)xy = - u
2
p p
= - a - a + bb
2 2
F7–24. Support reaction at A: = a - b
a+ ΣMB = 0; (5)(3)(2) - Ay(3) = 0 Ay = 5.00 kN

1 = 0.005 - 0.01333
2 = -0.00833 rad Ans.
Each nail has single shear: F7–28.
y
V = 5.00 kN>6 = 0.8333 kN
tfail 112 5 mm
tallow = = = 56 MPa
F.S. 2 400 mm
A
x
V 0.8333 (103) B 3 mm
tallow = ; 56(106) =
A p 2 a
d
4 b
300 mm
d = 4.353 (10-3) m = 4.35 mm
Use d = 5 mm. Ans.

C
dC 0.2
F7–25. = ; dC = 0.3 mm
600 400
dC 0.3
PCD = = = 0.001 mm>mm Ans. LBC = 23002 + 4002 = 500 mm
LCD 300
LB' C = 2(300 - 3)2 + (400 + 5)2 = 502.2290 mm
3 s P
a = = 0.007407 rad F8–8. P = =
405 E AE
LB′ C - LBC 502.2290 - 500 PL
(PBC)avg = = d = PL =
LBC 500 AE
= 0.00446 mm>mm Ans.
[50(103)](0.2)
0.075(10-3) =
(gA)xy =
p p p
- u = - a - ab = - a = —0.00741 rad Ans. [7.50(10-3)]E
2 2 2
E = 17.78(109) Pa = 17.8 GPa Ans.
F7–29.
y x s N
y¿ x¿ F8–9. P = =
D C E AE
4 mm 6(103)4
u/2 NL
d = PL = =
AE p
(0.01)2100(109)
300 mm 45º 4
= 3.06 mm Ans.
E
N 100(103)
A B F8–10. s =
= = 318.31 MPa
300 mm A p
3 mm 3 mm (0.02)2
4
LAC = 2L2CD + L2AD = 23002 + 3002 = 424.2641 mm Since s 6 sY = 450 MPa, Hooke’s Law is
applicable.
LA9C9 = 2L2C′D′ + L2A′D′ = 23062 + 2962 = 425.7370 mm sY 450(106)
E = = = 200 GPa
u LC′D′ 306 PY 0.00225
= tan-1 a b; u = 2 tan-1 a b = 1.6040 rad
2 LA′D′ 296 s 318.31(106)
P = = = 0.001592 mm>mm
LA′C′ - LAC 425.7370 - 424.2641 E 200(109)
(PAC)avg = =
LAC 424.2641 d = PL = 0.001592(50) = 0.0796 mm Ans.
= 0.00347 mm>mm Ans.
p p N 150(103)
(gE)xy = - u = - 1.6040 = - 0.0332 rad Ans. F8–11. s = = = 477.46 MPa
2 2 A p
(0.022)
4
Chapter 8 Since s 7 sY = 450 MPa, Hooke’s Law is not

applicable. From the geometry of the shaded triangle,
F8–1. Material has uniform properties throughout. Ans. P - 0.00225 477.46 - 450
F8–2. Proportional limit is A. Ans. =
0.03 - 0.00225 500 - 450
Ultimate stress is D. Ans.
P = 0.0174903
F8–3. The initial slope of the s - P diagram. Ans.
When the load is removed, the strain recovers along
F8–4. True. Ans. a line AB which is parallel to the original elastic line.
F8–5. False. Use the original cross-sectional area sY 450(106)
and length. Ans. Here E = = = 200 GPa.
PY 0.00225
F8–6. False. It will normally decrease. Ans.
The elastic recovery is
s N
F8–7. P = = s 477.46(106)
E AE Pr = = = 0.002387 mm>mm
NL 100(103)(0.100) E 200(109)
d = PL = = Pp = P - Pr = 0.017493 - 0.002387
AE p
(0.015)2 200(109)
4 = 0.01511 mm>mm
= 0.283mm Ans.
dp = PpL = 0.0151(50) = 0.755 mm Ans.
s (MPa) 0.5
F8–15. a = = 0.003333 rad
150
p p p
500 A g = - u = - a - ab
477.46 2 2 2
450 = a = 0.003333 rad
t = Gg = [26(109)](0.003333) = 86.67 MPa
V P
t = ; 86.67(106) =
A 0.15(0.02)
P = 260 kN Ans.
B 3
P (mm/mm) F8–16. = 0.02 rad
a =
0.00225 P 0.03 150
p p p
dBC 0.2 g = - u = - a - a b = a = 0.02 rad
F8–12. PBC = = = 0.6667(10-3) mm>mm 2 2 2
LBC 300 When P is removed, the shear strain recovers along
sBC = EPBC = 200(109)[0.6667(10-3)] a line parallel to the original elastic line.
gr = gY = 0.005 rad
= 133.33 MPa
gp = g - gr = 0.02 - 0.005 = 0.015 rad Ans.
Since sBC 6 sY = 250 MPa, Hooke’s Law is
valid.
sBC =
FBC
; 133.33(106) =
FBC Chapter 9
ABC p
(0.0032) p
4 F9–1. A = (0.022) = 0.1(10-3)p m2
4
a + ΣMA = 0; 942.48(0.4) - P(0.6) = 0

FBC = 942.48 N
NBC = 40 kN, NAB = -60 kN
P = 628.31 N = 628 N Ans. 1

dC = {40(103)(400) + [ -60(103)(600)]}
AE
-20(106) N # mm
P 10(103)
F8–13. s = = p = 56.59 MPa
A 4 (0.015)
2 =
AE
s 56.59(106) = -0.318 mm Ans.
Plong = = = 0.808(10-3)
E 70(109)
p
Plat = - nPlong = - 0.35(0.808(10-3)) F9–2. AAB = ACD = (0.022) = 0.1(10-3)p m2
4
= - 0.283(10-3) p
ABC = (0.042 - 0.032) = 0.175(10-3)p m2
dd = ( - 0.283(10-3))(15 mm) = - 4.24(10-3) mm 4
Ans. NAB = -10 kN, NBC = 10 kN, NCD = -20 kN
P 50(103) [ -10(103)](400)
F8–14. s = = p 2
= 159.15 MPa dD>A =
A 4 (0.02 ) [0.1(10-3)p][68.9(109)]
d 1.40 [10(103)](400)
Pa = = = 0.002333 mm>mm
L 600 +
[0.175(10-3)p][68.9(109)]
s 159.15(106)
E = = = 68.2 GPa Ans. [ -20(103)](400)
Pa 0.002333 +
d′ - d 19.9837 - 20 [0.1(10-3)p][68.9(109)]
Pe = = = - 0.815(10-3) mm>mm = -0.449 mm Ans.
d 20
Pe - 0.815(10-3) p
n = - = - = 0.3493 = 0.349 F9–3. A = (0.032) = 0.225(10-3)p m2
Pa 0.002333 4
E 68.21 4
G = = = 25.3 GPa Ans. NBC = -90 kN, NAB = -90 + 2 a b (30) = -42 kN
2(1 + n) 2(1 + 0.3493) 5
dC =
1
5 [ - 42(103)(0.4)] Chapter 10
0.225(10-3)p[200(109)]
p
+ [ - 90(103)(0.6)] 6 F10–1. J= (0.044) = 1.28(10-6)p m4
2
3
= - 0.501(10-3) m = - 0.501 mm Ans. Tc 5(10 )(0.04)
tA = tmax = = = 49.7 MPa Ans.
J 1.28(10-6)p
NL [60(103)](0.8) TrB 5(103)(0.03)

F9–4. dA>B = = tB = = = 37.3 MPa Ans.
AE [0.1(10-3)p][200(109)] J 1.28(10-6)p
= 0.7639(10-3) m T
49.7 MPa
Fsp 60(103) A
dB = = = 1.2(10-3) m T
k 50(106)
+T dA = dB + dA>B
B
dA = 1.2(10-3) + 0.7639(10-3) 37.3 MPa
-3
= 1.9639(10 ) m = 1.96 mm T Ans.
p
F10–2. J= (0.064 - 0.044) = 5.2(10-6)p m4
2
F9–5. 30 kN/m 3
Tc 10(10 )(0.06)
N(x) tB = tmax = = = 36.7 MPa Ans.
J 5.2(10-6)p
x TrA 10(103)(0.04)
tA = = = 24.5 MPa Ans.
p J 5.2(10-6)p
A = (0.022) = 0.1(10-3)p m2
4
Internal load N(x) = 30(103)x 24.5 MPa
A
N(x)dx
L AE
dA =
0.9 m
[0.1(10 )p][73.1(109)] L0
1 3 B
= -3
30(10 )x dx
36.7 MPa
-3
= 0.529(10 ) m = 0.529 mm Ans.
p
F10–3. JAB = (0.044 - 0.034) = 0.875(10-6)p m4
2
F9–6. (50 x) kN/m p
JBC = (0.044) = 1.28(10-6)p m4
2
N(x)
TAB cAB [2(103)](0.04)
(tAB)max = = = 29.1 MPa
x JAB 0.875(10-6)p
45(103) TBC cBC [6(103)](0.04)
Distributed load N(x) = x = 50(103)x N>m (tBC)max = =
0.9 JBC 1.28(10-6)p
1
Internal load N(x) = (50(103))x(x) = 25(103)x2 = 59.7 MPa Ans.
2
TAB = 0, TBC = 600 N # m, TCD = 0
L
N(x)dx F10–4.
L0
dA =
AE
p
0.9 m J= (0.024) = 80(10-9)p m4
[0.1(10 - )p][73.1(10 )] L0
1 3 2 2
= 3 9
[25(10 )x ]dx
Tc 600(0.02)
tmax = = = 47.7 MPa Ans.
= 0.265 mm Ans. J 80(10 - 9)p
p TB 3(103)
F10–5. JBC = (0.044 - 0.034) = 0.875(10-6)p m4
2 fB = = = 0.03333 rad
kB 90(103)
TBC cBC 2100(0.04)
(tBC)max = = f A = f B + f A>B
JBC 0.875(10 - 6)p
= 30.6 MPa Ans. = 0.03333 + 0.03778
F10–6. t = 5(103) N # m>m = 0.07111 rad = 4.07° Ans.
Internal torque is T = 5(103)(0.8) = 4000 N # m
F10–12. TAB = 600 N # m, TBC = -300 N # m,
p
J = (0.044) = 1.28(10-6)p m4 TCD = 200 N # m, TDE = 500 N # m
2
p
TAc 4000(0.04) J= (0.024) = 80(10-9)p m4
tAB = = = 39.8 MPa Ans. 2
J 1.28(10 - 6)p
[600 + ( -300) + 200 + 500]0.2
F10–7. AB = 250 N # m, TBC = 175 N # m,
T f E>A =
TCD = -150 N # m
[80(10 - 9)p][75(109)]
Maximum internal torque is in region AB. = 0.01061 rad = 0.608° Ans.
TAB = 250 N # m F10–13.
T(x)
TAB c 250(0.025)
t abs = = p = 10.2 MPa Ans.
max J (0.025)4 x
2
2p
F10–8. P = Tv; 2250 = T c 150 a b rad>s d
60
T = 143.24 N # m
5 kNm/m
Tc 143.24(d>2) p
tallow = ; 84(106) = J= (0.044) = 1.28(10-6)p m4
J p 2
(d>2)4
t = 5(103) N # m>m
2
d = 0.02056 m = 20.56 mm
Use d = 21 mm Ans. Internal torque is 5(103)x N # m
TAB = -2 kN # m, TBC = 1 kN # m
L
T(x)dx
L0
F10–9.
f A>B =
p JG
J = (0.034) = 0.405(10-6)p m4 0.8 m
)p][75(10 )] L0
2 1
- 2 (103)(0.6) + (103)(0.4) = 5(103)xdx
-6 9
f A>C = [1.28(10
[0.405(10 - 6)p][75(109)] = 0.00531 rad = 0.304° Ans.
= - 0.00838 rad = - 0.480° Ans.
F10–14.
F10–10. TAB = 600 N # m T(x)
p t(x)
J = (0.024) = 80(10-9)p m4 x
2
600(0.45)
f B>A =
[80(10 - 9)p][75(109)]
= 0.01432 rad = 0.821° Ans.
p
p J= (0.044) = 1.28(10-6)p m4
F10–11. J = (0.044 - 0.034) = 0.875(10-6)p m4 2
2
15(103)
TAB LAB 3(103)(0.9) Distributed torque is t = (x)
f A>B = = 0.6
= 25(103)x N # m>m
JG [0.875(10 - 6)p][26(109)]
= 0.03778 rad
Internal torque in segment AB, F11–2. 9 kN
T(x) = (25x)(103)(x) = 12.5(103)x2 N # m

1
2
In segment BC, M
[25 (103)(0.6)](0.6) = 4500 N # m

1 x
TBC = V
+ c gFy = 0;
2
L -V - 9 = 0 V = -9 kN Ans.
a + ΣMO = 0; M + 9x = 0 M = {-9x} kN # m

T(x)dx TBC LBC
L0
f A>C = +
JG JG
0.6 m Ans.
[1.28(10 - 6)p][75(109)] L0
1 V (kN)
= c 12.5(103)x 2 dx + 4500(0.4)d
= 0.008952 rad = 0.513° Ans. 3

x (m)
Chapter 11 9
F11–1. M (kNm)
M
3
x V x (m)
5 kN
a + ΣMB = 0;
27
Ay(6) - 30 = 0
Ay = 5 kN
+ c gFy = 0; -V - 5 = 0

F11–3. 30 kN/m
V = -5 kN
Ans.
a + ΣM0 = 0 ;
25 kN.m
M + 5x = 0 M = { - 5x} kN # m
M
Ans. x
+ c gFy = 0; -V - 30x = 0
V
V (kN)
V = {-30x} kN Ans.
a + ΣMO = 0; M + 30xa b - 25 = 0

x
6 2
M = {25 - 15x2} kN # m Ans.
x (m)
5 V (kN)
M (kNm)
3
x (m)
6
x
90
30 M (kNm)
25 1.29 9
x (m)
110
F11–4. w F11–6. V (kN)

15
M
3 6
x (m)
x V
w 12 15
= w = 4x
x 3
+ c gFy = 0;
1 M (kNm)
-V - (4x)(x) = 0 15
2
V = {-2x2} kN Ans.
6
a + gMO = 0; M + c (4x)(x) d a b = 0
x (m)
1 x 3
2 3
M = e - x 3 f kN # m Ans.
2
3
F11–7. V (kN)
V (kN)
5.25
1.75
3 2 3 4
x (m) x (m)
0.75
3.75
18
M (kNm)
M (kNm) 4.59 4.50
3.75
3
x (m) x (m)
1.75 2 3 4
18
F11–8. V (kN)
F11–5. V (kN)
6 30 20
1.5 4
1.5 x (m)
x (m) 6
4.5 6
6 50
M (kNm)
M (kNm)
22.5
3 4 6
1.5 4.5 6 x (m)
x (m) 1.5
4.5 40
F11–9. Consider two vertical rectangles and a horizontal

F11–14. My = 50 a b = 40 kN # m
4
rectangle. 5
1 1
Mz = 50 a b = 30 kN # m
I = 2c (0.02)(0.23) d + (0.26)(0.023) 3
12 12
5
= 26.84(10 - 6) m4
1
3
Mc 20(10 )(0.1) Iy = (0.3)(0.23) = 0.2(10 - 3) m4
smax = = = 74.5 MPa Ans. 12
I 26.84(10 - 6)
1
Iz = (0.2)(0.33) = 0.45(10 - 3) m4
F11–10. See the back of the book. 12
0.3 Mz y My z
y= = 0.1 m s= - +
3 Iz Iy
1
I= (0.3)(0.33) = 0.225(10 - 3) m4 3
[30(10 )]( -0.15) [40(103)](0.1)
36 sA = - +
3 0.45(10 - 3) 0.2(10 - 3)
Mc 50(10 )(0.3 - 0.1)
(smax)c = = = 30 MPa (T) Ans.
I 0.225(10 - 3)
3 3
= 44.4 MPa (C) Ans. [30(10 )](0.15) [40(10 )](0.1)
sB = - -3
+
My 50(103)(0.1) 0.45(10 ) 0.2(10 - 3)
(smax)t = = = 22.2 MPa (T) Ans. = 10 MPa (T) Ans.
I 0.225(10 - 3)
F11–11. Consider large rectangle minus the two side Iz
rectangles. tan a = tan u
Iy
1 1
I= (0.2)(0.33) - (2) (0.09)(0.263) 0.45(10 - 3) 4
12 12 tan a = c -3
da b
0.2(10 ) 3
= 0.18636(10- 3) m4
a = 71.6° Ans.
3
Mc 50(10 )(0.15) F11–15. Maximum stress occurs at D or A.
smax = = = 40.2 MPa Ans.
I 0.18636(10 - 3)
(500 cos 30°)(0.075) (500 sin 30°)(0.05)
F11–12. Consider two vertical rectangles and two horizontal (smax)D = 1 3
+ 1 3
rectangles. 12 (0.1)(0.15) 12 (0.15)(0.1)
= 2.1547(10 ) N>m2
6 = 2.15 MPa Ans.
1 1
I = 2c (0.03)(0.43) d + 2c (0.14)(0.033) + 0.14(0.03)(0.152) d
12 12 Chapter 12
= 0.50963(10 - 3) m4
F12–1. Consider two vertical rectangles and a horizontal
Mc 10(103)(0.2)
smax = = = 3.92 MPa Ans. rectangle.
I 0.50963(10 - 3) 1 1
I = 2c (0.02)(0.23) d + (0.26)(0.023)
sA = 3.92 MPa (C) 12 12
= 26.84(10 - 6) m4
sB = 3.92 MPa (T)
Take two rectangles above A.
F11–13. Consider center rectangle and two side rectangles. QA = 2[0.055(0.09)(0.02)] = 198(10-6) m3
1 1 VQA 100(103)[198(10 - 6)]
I = (0.05)(0.4)3 + 2c (0.025)(0.3)3 d tA = =
12 12 It [26.84(10 - 6)]2(0.02)
= 18.4 MPa Ans.
= 0.37917(10- 3) m4
MyA 5(103)( - 0.15) F12–2. Consider a vertical rectangle and two squares.
sA = = = 1.98 MPa (T) Ans. 1 1
I 0.37917(10 - 3) I= (0.1)(0.33) + (2) (0.1)(0.13)
12 12
= 0.24167(10-3) m4
Take top half of area (above A). Take the top half of area.
QA = y91A91 + y92A92 Qmax = 2y′1 A′1 + y′2 A′2 = 2(0.075)(0.025)(0.15)
1
= c (0.05) d (0.05)(0.3) + 0.1(0.1)(0.1) + (0.1)(0.05)(0.2) = 1.5625(10 - 3) m3
2
= 1.375(10-3) m3 VQmax 20(103)[1.5625(10 - 3)]
tmax = =
It [0.37917(10 - 3)][2(0.025)]
VQ 600(103)[1.375(10 - 3)]
tA = = = 11.4 MPaAns. = 1.65 MPa Ans.
It [0.24167(10 - 3)](0.3)
Take top square (above B). 1
F12–6. I= (0.3)(0.23) = 0.2(10 - 3) m4
QB = y92A92 = 0.1(0.1)(0.1) = 1(10-3) m3 12
Top (or bottom) board
VQ 600(103)[1(10 - 3)]
tB = = = 24.8 MPa Ans. Q = y′A′ = 0.05(0.1)(0.3) = 1.5(10 - 3) m3
It [0.24167(10 - 3)](0.1)
Two rows of nails
F12–3. Vmax = 22.5 kN F 2[15(103)] 30(103)
qallow = 2a b = =
1 s s s
I= (0.075)(0.153) = 21.09375(10 - 6)m4
12 VQ 30(10 ) 50(10 )[1.5(10 - 3)]
3 3
Take top half of area. qallow = ; =

I s 0.2(10 - 3)
Qmax = y′A′ = 0.0375(0.075)(0.075) s = 0.08 m = 80 mm Ans.
= 0.2109375(10 -3) m3 F12–7. Consider large rectangle minus two side rectangles.
Vmax Qmax 1 1
(tmax)abs = I= (0.2)(0.343) - (2) (0.095)(0.283)
It 12 12
[22.5(103)][0.2109375(10 - 3)] = 0.3075(10 - 3) m4
=
[21.09375(10 - 6)](0.075) Top plate
6
= 3.00(10 ) N>m 2
= 3.00 MPa Ans. Q = y′A′ = 0.16(0.02)(0.2) = 0.64(10 - 3) m3
Two rows of bolts
F12–4. Consider two vertical rectangles and two horizontal
F 2[30(103)] 60(103)
rectangles. qallow = 2 a b = =
s s s
1 1
I = 2c (0.03)(0.43) d + 2c (0.14)(0.033)
12 12 VQ 60(103) 300(103)[0.64(10 - 3)]
qallow = ; =
I s 0.3075(10 - 3)
+ 0.14(0.03)(0.152)d = 0.50963(10 - 3) m4
s = 0.09609 m = 96.1 mm
Take the top half of area. Use s = 96 mm Ans.
Qmax = 2y′1 A′1 + y′2 A′2 = 2(0.1)(0.2)(0.03) F12–8. Consider two large rectangles and two side rectangles.
-3 3 1 1
+ (0.15)(0.14)(0.03) = 1.83(10 )m I = 2c (0.025)(0.33)d + 2c (0.05)(0.23) + 0.05(0.2)(0.152)d
12 12
VQmax 20(103)[1.83(10 - 3)]
tmax = = = 1.20 MPa = 0.62917(10 - 3) m4
It 0.50963(10 - 3)[2(0.03)] Top center board is held onto beam by the top row of bolts.
Ans.
Q = y′A′ = 0.15(0.2)(0.05) = 1.5(10 - 3) m3
Each bolt has two shearing surfaces.
F12–5. Consider one large vertical rectangle and two side
F 2[8(103)] 16(103)
rectangles. qallow = 2 a b = =
s s s
1 1
I = (0.05)(0.4)3 + 2c (0.025)(0.3)3 d VQ 16(103) 20(103)[1.5(10 - 3)]
12 12 qallow = ; =
I s 0.62917(10 - 3)
= 0.37917(10 - 3) m4 s = 0.3356 m = 335.56 mm
Use s = 335 mm Ans.
F12–9. Consider center board and four side boards. = -44.44 MPa = 44.4 MPa (C) Ans.
1 1 QA = y′A′ = 0.1(0.1)(0.1) = 1(10 - 3) m3
I= (0.025)(0.153) + 4c (0.012)(0.13) + 0.012(0.1)(0.0752)d
12 12
VQ 400(103)[1(10 - 3)]
= 38.03125 (10-6) m4 tA = = = 17.8 MPa Ans.
It 0.225(10 - 3)(0.1)
Top-right board is held onto beam by a row of bolts.
44.4 MPa
Q = y′A′ = (0.075) (0.012) (0.1) = 90(10–6) m3
17.8 MPa
Bolts have one shear surface.
3
F 30(10 )
qallow = =
s s
F13–3. Left reaction is 20 kN.
VQ 30(103) [75(103)][90(10 - 6)]
qallow = ; = Left segment:
+ c gFy = 0; 20 - V = 0 V = 20 kN
I s 38.03125(10 - 6)
s = 0.16903 m = 169 mm
Use s = 165 mm Ans. a + ΣMs = 0; M - 20(0.5) = 0 M = 10 kN # m
Also, can consider the top two boards held onto
Consider large rectangle minus two side rectangles.
beam by a row of bolts with two shearing surfaces.
1 1
I = (0.1)(0.23) - (2) (0.045)(0.183)
12 12
Chapter 13 = 22.9267(10 - 6) m4
F13–1. + c gFz = (FR)z; -500 - 300 = P Top segment above A:
g Mx = 0; 300(0.05) - 500(0.1) = Mx
P = -800 kN QA = y′1 A′1 + y′2 A′2 = 0.07(0.04)(0.01)
+ 0.095(0.1)(0.01) = 0.123(10 - 3) m3
Mx = -35 kN # m
g My = 0; 300(0.1) - 500(0.1) = My
MyA [10(103)](0.05)
sA = - =-
I 22.9267(10 - 6)
My = -20 kN # m
= -21.81 MPa = 21.8 MPa (C) Ans.
A = 0.3(0.3) = 0.09 m2 3 -3
1 VQA 20(10 )[0.123(10 )]
Ix = Iy = (0.3)(0.33) = 0.675(10 - 3) m4 tA = =
12 It [22.9267(10 - 6)](0.01)
- 800(103) [20(103)](0.15) [35(103)](0.15) = 10.7 MPa Ans.

sA = + +
0.09 0.675(10 - 3) 0.675(10 - 3) 21.8 MPa
= 3.3333 MPa = 3.33 MPa (T) Ans. 10.7 MPa
- 800(103) [20(103)](0.15) [35(103)](0.15)

sB = + - F13–4. At the section through centroidal axis:
0.09 0.675(10 - 3) 0.675(10 - 3)
= -12.22 MPa = 12.2 MPa (C) Ans. N=P
V=0
+ c g Fy = 0;
F13–2. V - 400 = 0 V = 400 kN M = (0.05 + 0.025)P = 0.075P
a+ ΣMA = 0; -M - 400(0.5) = 0 M = -200 kN # m

N Mc
s= +
A I
1
I= (0.1)(0.33) = 0.225(10 - 3) m4 P 0.075P(0.025)
12 210(106) = +
0.012(0.05) 1
Bottom segment: (0.012)(0.053)
12
My [200(103)]( - 0.05) P = 12.6 (103)N = 12.6 kN Ans.
sA = =
I 0.225(10 - 3)
F13–5. At section through B: Combining these two shear stress components,
N = 1000 N, V = 800 N (tzy)A = 47.746 + 1.061 = 48.8 MPa Ans.

M = 800(0.1) = 80 N # m
47.7 MPa
Axial load:
N 1000 48.8 MPa
(sa)x = = = 0.8333 MPa
A 0.03(0.04)
Shear load: F13–7. Right Segment:
VQ 800[0.015(0.03)(0.01)] ΣFz = 0; Vz - 6 = 0 Vz = 6 kN
Ty = 1.8 kN # m
txy = = 1 = 0.750 MPa
It [12 (0.03)(0.043)](0.03) ΣMy = 0; Ty - 6(0.3) = 0
ΣMx = 0; Mx - 6(0.3) = 0 Mx = 1.8 kN # m
Bending moment: p
Ix = (0.054 - 0.044) = 0.9225(10 - 6)p m4
My 80(0.01) 4
(sb)x = = 1
= 5.00 MPa (C) p
I 12 (0.03)(0.043) J = (0.054 - 0.044) = 1.845(10 - 6)p m4
2
Thus (Qz)A = y2′A2′ - y1′A1′
sx = 0.8333 - 5.00 = 4.17 MPa (C) Ans. 4(0.05) p 4(0.04) p
sy = 0 Ans. = c (0.052) d - c (0.042)d
3p 2 3p 2
txy = 0.750 MPa Ans. = 40.6667(10 - 6) m3
0.750 MPa Mxz 1.8(103)(0)
sA = = = 0 Ans.
Ix 0.9225(10 - 6)p
4.17 MPa Ty c [1.8(103)](0.05)
[(tyz)T]A = = = 15.53 MPa
J 1.845(10 - 6)p
gFy = 0;
F13–6. Top segment:
6(103)[40.6667(10 - 6)]
gFx = 0;
Vy + 1000 = 0 Vy = -1000 N Vz(Qz)A
[(tyz)V]A = =
gMz = 0;
Vx - 1500 = 0 Vx = 1500 N Ix t [0.9225(10 - 6)p](0.02)
Tz = 600 N # m
gMy = 0;
Tz - 1500(0.4) = 0 = 4.210 MPa
My = 300 N # m
gMx = 0;
My - 1500(0.2) = 0 Combining these two shear stress components,
Mx - 1000(0.2) = 0 Mx = 200 N # m
(tyz)A = 15.53 - 4.210 = 11.3 MPa Ans.
p
Iy = Ix = (0.024) = 40(10 - 9)p m4
4
11.3 MPa
p
J = (0.024) = 80(10 - 9)p m4
2
F13–8. Left Segment:
4(0.02) p
(Qy )A = c (0.022) d = 5.3333(10 - 6) m3 ΣFz = 0; Vz - 900 - 300 = 0 Vz = 1200 N
3p 2
Mxy Myx - 200(0) - 300(0.02) ΣMy = 0; Ty + 300(0.1) - 900(0.1) = 0 Ty = 60 N # m
sA =
Ix
-
Iy
= -
40(10 )p9
-
40(10 - 9)p ΣMx = 0; Mx + (900 + 300)0.3 = 0 Mx = -360 N # m
p
= 47.7 MPa (T) Ans. Ix = (0.0254 - 0.024) = 57.65625(10 - 9)p m4
4
Tzc 600(0.02) p
[(tzy)T]A = = = 47.746 MPa J = (0.0254 - 0.024) = 0.1153125(10 - 6)p m4
J 80(10 - 9)p 2
(Qy )A = 0
Vy(Qy)A 1000[5.3333(10 - 6)]
[(tzy)V]A = = Mxy (360)(0.025)
Ix t [40(10 - 9)p](0.04) sA = = = 49.7 MPa Ans.
Ix 57.65625(10 - 9)p
= 1.061 MPa
Ty r A 60(0.025) 10 kPa
[(txy)T]A = = -6
= 4.14 MPaAns.
J 0.1153125(10 )p 90 kPa
Vz (Qz)A 18.4
[(tyz)V]A = = 0 Ans.
Ixt
4.14 MPa
49.7 MPa
F14–4. sx = 100 kPa sy = 700 kPa

Chapter 14 txy = - 400 kPa
F14–1. u = 120° sx = 500 kPa sy = 0 txy = 0 Apply Eqs. 14–7, 14–8.
Apply Eqs. 14–1, 14–2. tmax Ans.
in@plane
= 500 kPa
sx′ = 125 kPa Ans.
savg = 400 kPa Ans.
tx′y′ = 217 kPa Ans.
F14–5. At the cross section through B:
x¿ 217 kPa
N = 4 kN V = 2 kN
M = 2(2) = 4 kN # m
120
125 kPa
x P Mc 4(103) 4(103)(0.03)
30 sB = + = + 1
A I 0.03(0.06) 12 (0.03)(0.06)
3
y¿
= 224 MPa (T)
F14–2. Note tB = 0 since Q = 0.
x Thus
45
s1 = 224 MPa Ans.
x¿
s2 = 0
u = - 45° sx = 0 sy = - 400 kPa F14–6. Ay = By = 12 kN

txy = - 300 kPa Segment AC:
Apply Eqs.14–1, 14–3, 14–2. VC = 0 MC = 24 kN # m
sx′ = 100 kPa Ans. tC = 0 (since VC = 0)
sy′ = - 500 kPa Ans.
sC = 0 (since C is on neutral axis)
tx′y′ = 200 kPa Ans.
s1 = s2 = 0 Ans.
F14–3. ux = 80 kPa sy = 0 txy = 30 kPa sx + sy 500 + 0
Apply Eqs. 14–5, 14–4. F14–7. savg = = = 250 kPa
2 2
s1 = 90 kPa s2 = - 10 kPa Ans. The coordinates of the center C of the circle and
the reference point A are
up = 18.43° and 108.43°
A(500, 0) C(250, 0)
From Eq. 14–1,
R = CA = 500 - 250 = 250 kPa
80 + 0 80 - 0
sx′ = + cos 2 (18.43°) u = 120° (counterclockwise). Rotate the radial
2 2
line CA counterclockwise 2u = 240° to the
+ 30 sin 2(18.43°)
coordinates of point P(sx′, tx′y′).
= 90 kPa = s1 a = 240° - 180° = 60°
Thus, sx′ = 250 - 250 cos 60° = 125 kPa Ans.
(up)1 = 18.4° for s1 Ans. tx′y′ = 250 sin 60° = 217 kPa Ans.
sx + sy 80 + 0 MyA [ -9(103)] (0.025)

F14–8. savg = = = 40 kPa sA = - = = 16 MPa (T)
2 2 I 14.0625(10 - 6)
The coordinates of the center C of the circle and
VQA 30(103)[0.125(10 - 3)]
the reference point A are tA = = = 5.333 MPa
A(80, 30) C(40, 0)
It 14.0625(10 - 6)(0.05)
R = CA = 2(80 - 40)2 + 302 = 50 kPa sx = 16 MPa, sy = 0, and txy = - 5.333 MPa

s1 = 40 + 50 = 90 kPa Ans. sx + sy 16 + 0
savg = = = 8 MPa
s2 = 40 - 50 = - 10 kPa Ans. 2 2
30 The coordinates of the reference point A and the center C
tan 2(up)1 = = 0.75 of the circle are
80 - 40
(up)1 = 18.4° (counterclockwise) Ans. A (16, - 5.333) C(8, 0)
R = CA = 2(16 - 8)2 + ( -5.333)2 = 9.615 MPa
F14–9. The coordinates of the reference point A and the
center C of the circle are s1 = 8 + 9.615 = 17.6 MPa Ans.
A(30, 40) C(0, 0) s2 = 8 - 9.615 = –1.61 MPa Ans.
R = CA = 50 MPa
F14–12.
a + ΣMB = 0; 60(1) - Ay(1.5) = 0 Ay = 40 kN
s1 = 50 MPa
s2 = - 50 MPa
+ c ΣFy = 0; 40 - V = 0 V = 40 kN
a + ΣMO = 0; M - 40(0.5) = 0 M = 20 kN # m
p
F14–10. J = (0.044 - 0.034) = 0.875(10 - 6)p m4
2
Tc 4(103)(0.04) Consider large rectangle minus two side rectangles.
t = = = 58.21 MPa 1 1
J 0.875(10 - 6 )p I = (0.1)(0.23) - (2) (0.045)(0.183) = 22.9267(10 - 6) m4
12 12
sx = sy = 0 and txy = - 58.21 MPa
sx + sy Top rectangle,
savg = = 0 QA = y′A′ = 0.095(0.01)(0.1) = 95(10 - 6) m3
2
The coordinates of the reference point A and the MyA [20(103)](0.09)
sA = - = - = - 78.51 MPa
center C of the circle are I 22.9267(10 - 6)
A(0, - 58.21) C(0, 0) = 78.51 MPa (C)
R = CA = 58.21 MPa VQA 40(103)[95(10 - 6)]
s1 = 0 + 58.21 = 58.2 MPa Ans. tA = = = 16.57 MPa
It [22.9267(10 - 6)](0.01)
s2 = 0 - 58.21 = - 58.2 MPa Ans.
sx = - 78.51 MPa, sy = 0, and txy = - 16.57 MPa
sx + sy -78.51 + 0
F14–11. savg = = = -39.26 MPa
2 2
+ c ΣFy = 0; V - 30 = 0 V = 30 kN
a + ΣMO = 0;
The coordinates of the reference point A and the center C
- M - 30(0.3) = 0 M = - 9 kN # m of the circle are
1 A( - 78.51, - 16.57) C( - 39.26, 0)
I = (0.05)(0.153) = 14.0625(10 - 6) m4
12
R = CA = 2[ - 78.51 - ( -39.26)]2 + ( -16.57)2
Segment above A, = 42.61 MPa
QA = y′A′ = 0.05(0.05)(0.05) = 0.125(10 - 3) m3 tmax Ans.
in@plane = |R| = 42.6 MPa
Chapter 15 I =
1 2
(a)(2a)3 = a 4
12 3
F15–1.
Mmax c 5(103)(a)
At support, sallow = ; 12(106) =
I 2 4
Vmax = 12 kN Mmax = 18 kN # m 3
a
1 2 a = 0.0855 m = 85.5 mm
I = (a)(2a)3 = a 4
12 3
Use a = 86 mm Ans.
Mmax c 18(103)(a)
sallow = ; 10(106) = 2
I 2 4 I = (0.0864) = 36.4672(10 - 6) m4
a 3
3
Top half of rectangle,
a = 0.1392 m = 139.2 mm
0.086
Use a = 140 mm Ans. Qmax = (0.086)(0.086)
2
2
I = (0.144) = 0.2561(10–3) m4 = 0.318028(10 - 3) m3
3
0.14 Vmax Q max 10(103)[0.318028(10 - 3)]
Qmax = (0.14)(0.14) = 1.372(10–3) m3 tmax = =
2 It [36.4672(10 - 6)](0.086)
Vmax Q max 12(103)[1.372(10 - 3)]
tmax = = = 1.01 MPa 6 tallow = 1.5 MPa (OK)
It [0.2561(10 - 3)](0.14)
= 0.459 MPa < tallow = 1 MPa (OK) F15–4.
F15–2. At the supports,
At support, Vmax = 25 kN
Vmax = 15 kN Mmax = 20 kN # m At the center,
p d 4 pd 4 Mmax = 12.5 kN # m
I = a b = 1
4 2 64 I = (0.1)(h3) = 8.3333(10 - 3)h3
12
Mmax c [20(103)](d>2)
sallow = ; 100(106) = Mmax c [12.5(10)3 ](h>2)
I pd 4 >64 sallow = ; 15(106) =
I 8.3333(10 - 3)h3
d = 0.12677 m = 126.77 mm
h = 0.2236 m = 223.6 mm
Use d = 127 mm Ans.
p
I = (0.1274) = 12.7698(10–6) m4 h h
64 Qmax = y′A′ = a b(0.1) = 0.125 h2
Semicircle, 4 2
4(0.127>2) 1 p Vmax Q max [25(103)] (0.0125 h2)
Qmax = c a b(0.1272) d = 0.17070(10 - 3) m3 tmax = ; 1.5(106) =
3p 2 4 It [8.3333(10) -3 h3](0.1)
V max Q max [15(103)][0.17070)(10 - 3)] h = 0.250 m = 250 mm (controls)

tmax = = Use h = 250 mm Ans.
It [12.7698(10-6)](0.127)
= 1.58 MPa < tallow = 50 MPa (OK)

F15–5.
F15–3. At the supports,
At the supports, Vmax = 25 kN
Vmax = 10 kN At the center,
Under 15-kN load, Mmax = 20 kN # m
Mmax = 5 kN # m I =
1
(b)(3b)3 = 2.25b4
12
Mmaxc 20(103)(1.5b) dv 90(103)

sallow = ; 12(106) = uA = ` = - = -0.00692 rad
I 2.25b4 dx x = 0 200(10 )[65.0(10 - 6)]
9
b = 0.1036 m = 103.6 mm Ans.

Use b = 104 mm Ans.
135(103)
I = 2.25(0.1044) = 0.2632(10 - 3) m4 vA = v x = 0 = = 0.01038 m = 10.4
mm 200(109)[65.0(10 - 6)]
Qmax = 0.75(0.104)[1.5(0.104)(0.104)] = 1.2655(10 - 3) m3 Ans.
Vmax Q max 25(103)[1.2655(10 - 3)] F16–2.
tmax = =
It [0.2632(10 - 3)](0.104) Use left segment,
= 1.156 MPa 6 tallow = 1.5 MPa (OK). M(x) = (-10x - 10) kN # m
d 2v
F15–6. EI 2 = -10x - 10
dx
Within the overhang,
dv
Vmax = 150 kN EI = -5x2 - 10x + C1
dx
At B, 5
Mmax = 150 kN # m EIv = - x 3 - 5x 2 + C1 x + C2
3
Mmax 150(103) dv
Sreqd = = = 0.001 m3 = 1000(103) mm3 At x = 3 m, = 0.
sallow 150(106) dx
Select W410 × 67 [Sx = 1200(103) mm3, d = 410 mm, and EI(0) = -5(32) - 10(3) + C1 C1 = 75 kN # m2
tw = 8.76 mm]. Ans.
3
At x = 3 m, v = 0.
V 150(10 )
EI(0) = - (33) - 5(32) + 75(3) + C2 C2 = -135 kN # m3
tmax = = 5
twd 0.00876(0.41) 3
= 41.76 MPa 6 tallow = 75 MPa (OK) dv 1
= ( -5x 2 - 10x + 75)
dx EI
1 5
v = a - x 3 - 5x 2 + 75x - 135b
Chapter 16 EI 3
F16–1. For end A, x = 0
Use left segment, dv 1
uA = ` = [ - 5(0) - 10(0) + 75]
M(x) = 30 kN # m dx x = 0 EI
75(103)
d 2v = = 0.00577 rad Ans.
EI = 30 200(109)[65.0(10 - 6)]
dx 2
1 5
dv vA = v x = 0 = c - (03) - 5(02) + 75(0) - 135 d
EI = 30x + C1 EI 3
dx
135(103)
EIv = 15x2 + C1 x + C2 =- = -0.01038 m = -10.4 mmAns.
200(109)[65.0(10 - 6)]
dv
At x = 3 m, = 0.
dx F16–3.
C1 = -90 kN # m2 Use left segment,
At x = 3 m, v = 0.
M(x) = a - x 2 - 10xb kN # m
3
C2 = 135 kN # m3 2
dv 1 d 2v 3
= (30x - 90) EI 2 = - x 2 - 10x
dx EI dx 2
1 dv 1 3
v = (15x 2 - 90x + 135) EI = - x - 5x 2 + C1
EI dx 2
For end A, x = 0 dv
At x = 3 m, = 0.
dx
EI(0) = - (33) - 5(32) + C1 C1 = 58.5 kN # m2

1 dv
EI = 40x - 2.5x2 + C1
2 dx
dv 1 1
= a - x 3 - 5x 2 + 58.5b EIv = 20x2 - 0.8333x3 + C1x + C2
dx EI 2
At x = 0, v = 0.
For end A, x = 0
EI(0) = 20(02) - 0.8333(03) + C1(0) + C2 C2 = 0
dv 58.5(103)
uA = x = 0 = = 0.0045 rad Ans. At x = 6 m, v = 0.
dx 200(109)[65.0(10 - 6)]
EI(0) = 20(62) - 0.8333(63) + C1(6) + 0
F16–4. C1 = -90 kN # m2
Ay = 3000 N dv 1
= (40x - 2.5x 2 - 90)
dx EI
Use left segment,
1
M(x) = (3000x - 1000x2) N # m v =
EI
(20x 2 - 0.8333x 3 - 90x)
d 2v dv
EI = 3000x - 1000x2 vmax occurs where = 0.
dx 2 dx
dv 40x - 2.5x2 - 90 = 0
EI = 1500x2 - 333.33x3 + C1
dx x = 2.7085 m
EIv = 500x3 - 83.333x4 + C1x + C2 1
v = [20(2.70852) - 0.83333(2.70853) - 90(2.7085)]
At x = 0, v = 0. EI
113.60(103)
EI(0) = 500(03) - 83.333(04) + C1(0) + C2 C2 = 0 =- = -0.01424 m = -14.2 mm Ans.
200(109)[39.9(10 - 6)]
At x = 3 m, v = 0.
EI(0) = 500(33) - 83.333(34) + C1(3) F16–6.
C1 = -2250 N # m2 Ay = 10 kN
dv 1 Use left segment,
= (1500x 2 - 333.33x 3 - 2250)
dx EI M(x) = (10x + 10) kN # m
1 d 2v
v = (500x 3 - 83.333x 4 - 2250) EI = 10x + 10
EI dx 2
dv dv
vmax occurs where = 0. EI = 5x2 + 10x + C1
dx dx
1500x2 - 333.33x3 - 2250 = 0 dv
Due to symmetry, = 0 at x = 3 m.
x = 1.5 m Ans. dx
v =
1
[500(1.53) - 83.333(1.54) - 2250(1.5)] EI(0) = 5(32) + 10(3) + C1 C1 = -75 kN # m2
EI
dv 1
-2109.375 = [5x 2 + 10x - 75]
= dx EI
1
[10(109)] c (0.06)(0.1253) d At x = 0,
12
dv -75(103)
= -0.0216 m = 21.6 mm T Ans. = = - 9.40(10 - 3) rad Ans.
dx 200(109)(39.9(10 - 6))
F16–5.
Ay = -5 kN F16–7.
Use left segment, Remove By,
M(x) = (40 - 5x) kN # m Px 2 40(42) 1493.33
(vB)1 = (3L - x) = [3(6) - 4] = T
6EI 6EI EI
d 2v
EI = 40 - 5x Apply By,
dx 2
3
PL3 By(4 ) 21.33By Apply By,
(vB)2 = = = c By L3 By (63)
3EI 3EI EI
(vB)2 = = = 5.5385(10-6)By c
( + c ) vB = 0 = (vB)1 + (vB)2 3EI 3[200(109)][65.0(10 - 6)]
1493.33 21.33By (+ T ) vB = (vB)1 + (vB)2
0= - +
EI EI 0.002 = 0.12461 - 5.5385(10-6)By
By = 70 kN Ans.
By = 22.314(103) N = 22.1 kN Ans.
For the beam,
For the beam,
+
S ΣFx = 0; Ax = 0 Ans. +
S ΣFx = 0; Ax = 0 Ans.
+ c ΣFy = 0; 70 - 40 - Ay = 0 Ay = 30 kN Ans.
a + ΣMA = 0;
+ c ΣFy = 0; Ay + 22.14 - 10(6) = 0 Ay = 37.9 kN
70(4) - 40(6) - MA = 0
a + ΣMA = 0; MA + 22.14(6) - 10(6)(3) = 0
Ans.
MA = 40 kN # m Ans.
MA = 47.2 kN # m Ans.
F16–8. F16–10.
Remove By, Remove By,
To use the deflection tables, consider loading as a M OL MO L 2
superposition of uniform distributed load minus a triangular (vB)1 = [(2L)2 - L2] = T
6EI(2L) 4EI
load.
Apply By,
w0 L4 w0 L4 By (2L)3 By L3
(vB)1 = T (vB)2 = c
8EI 30EI (vB)2 = = c
48EI 6EI
Apply By, (+ c ) vB = 0 = (vB)1 + (vB)2
By L3 MO L 2 By L3
(+ c ) (vB)3 = c vB = 0 = (vB)1 + (vB)2 + (vB)3 0 = - +
3EI 4EI 6EI
3MO
w0 L4 w0 L4 By L3 By = Ans.
0 = - + + 2L
8EI 30EI 3EI
11w0 L F16–11.
By = Ans.
40 Remove By,
For the beam, Pbx 50(4)(6)
(vB)1 = (L2 - b2 - x 2) = (122 - 42 - 62)
+ 6EIL 6EI(12)
S ΣFx = 0; Ax = 0 Ans.
11w0 L 1 1533.3 kN # m3
+ c ΣFy = 0; Ay + - w0 L = 0 = T
40 2 EI
9w0 L Apply By,
Ay = Ans. By L3 By (123) 36By
40 (vB)2 = = = c
a + ΣMA = 0; MA +
11w0 L 1 2 48EI 48EI EI
(L) - w0 L a L b = 0 (+ c ) vB = 0 = (vB)1 + (vB)2
40 2 3
1533.3 kN # m3 36By
7w0 L2 0= - +
MA = Ans. EI EI
120
By = 42.6 kN Ans.
F16–9. F16–12.
Remove By, Remove By,
wL 4 [10(10 )](6 )3 4
5wL4 5[10(103)](124)
(vB)1 = = = 0.12461 m T (vB)1 = = = 0.20769 T
8EI 8[200(109)][65.0(10 - 6)] 384EI 384[200(109)][65.0(10 - 6)]
Apply By, P 84.3(103)

By L3 By (123) s= = = 67.1 MPa < 250 MPa (OK)
A 1.257(10 - 3)
(vB)2 = =
48EI 48[200(109)][65.0(10 - 6)]
= 2.7692(10-6)By c
F17–5.
(+ c ) vB = (vB)1 + (vB)2
3
-0.005 = -0.20769 + 2.7692(10-6)By + c ΣFy = 0; FAB a b - P = 0 FAB = 1.6667P (T)
5
By = 73.19(103) N = 73.2 kN Ans.
4
+ ΣFx = 0; 1.6667P a b - FAC = 0
S 5
Chapter 17 FAC = 1.3333P (C)
F17–1.
p
A= (0.052) = 0.625(10-3)p m2
p2 EI p2[200(109)][p4 (0.01254)] 4
P= = p
(KL)2 [0.5(1.25)]2 I = (0.0254) = 0.30680(10 - 6) m4
4
= 96.89(103) N = 96.9 kN Ans.
Pcr = F(F.S.) = [1.3333P](2) = 2.6667P
P 96.89(103) p2 EI
s= = = 197.39(10 6) N>m2 Pcr =
A p(0.01252) (KL)2
= 197.39 MPa 6 sY OK p2[200(109)][0.30680(10 - 6)]
2.6667P =
[1(1.2)]2
F17–2.
P = 157.71 (103) N = 158 kN Ans.
1
p2 EI p2[12(109)[12 (0.1)(0.053)]
P= = Pcr 2.6667[157.71(103)]
(KL)2 [1(3.6)]2 scr = = = 214.18(106) N>m
A 0.625(10 - 3)p
= 9.519(103) N = 9.52 kN Ans.
= 214.18 MPa 6 sY = 250 MPa (OK)
F17–3.
For buckling about the x axis, Kx = 1 and Lx = 12 m. F17–6.
Beam AB,
a + ΣMA = 0; w(6)(3) - FBC(6) = 0 FBC = 3w
p2 EIx p2 [200(109)][87.3(10 - 6)]
Pcr = 2
= = 1.197(106) N
(Kx Lx) [1(12)]2
For buckling about the y axis, Ky = 1 and Ly = 6 m. Strut BC,
p p
p2 EIy p2 [200(109)][18.8(10 - 6)] ABC = (0.052) = 0.625(10-3)p m2 I = (0.0254)
Pcr = = 4 4
(Ky Ly)2 [1(6)]2 = 97.65625(10-9)p m4
6
= 1.031(10 ) N (controls) Pcr = FBC(F.S.) = 3w(2) = 6w
Pcr 1.031(106)
Pallow = = = 515 kN Ans. p2 EI
F.S. 2 Pcr =
(KL)2
Pcr 1.031(106)
scr = = = 139.30 MPa < sY = 345 MPa (OK) p2 [200(109)][97.65625(10 - 9)p]
A 7.4(10 - 3) 6w =
[1(3)]2
F17–4. w = 11.215(103) N>m = 11.2 kN>m Ans.

3
A = p[(0.025)2 - (0.015)2] = 1.257(10-3) m2 Pcr 6[11.215(10 )]
scr = = = 34.27 MPa < sY = 345 MPa
1 A 0.625(10 - 3)p
I = p3(0.025)4 - (0.015)4 4 = 267.04(10-9) m4 (OK)
4
p2 EI p2 3200(109)43267.04(10 - 9)4
P= = = 84.3 kN Ans.
(KL)2 [0.5(5)]2
Selected Answers
Chapter 1 1–19. W = 4.62 kN
1–21. We = 35.8 MN, Wm = 5.91 MN, mm = me = 3.65 Gg
1–1. a. 78.5 N
b. 0.392 mN
c. 7.46 MN
1–2. a. GN>s Chapter 2
b. Gg>N 2–1. FR = 8.03 kN, f = 1.22°
c. GN>(kg # s) 2–2. (F1)v = 2.93 kN, (F1)u = 2.07 kN
1–3. a. Gg>s 2–3. (F2)u = 6.00 kN, (F2)v = 3.11 kN
b. kN>m 2–5. Fx′ = -183 N, Fy = 344 N
c. kN>(kg # s) 2–6. FR = 400 N
1–5. a. 45.3 MN u = 60°
b. 56.8 km 2–7. FR = 497 N, f = 155°
c. 5.63 mg 2–9. FR = 8.09 kN
1–6. a. 58.3 km f = 98.5°
b. 68.5 s 2–10. u = 15°, F2 = 2.57 kN, FR = 5.86 kN
c. 2.55 kN 2–11. u = 53.5°, FAB = 1.24 kN
d. 7.56 mg 2–13. FR = 10.8 kN, f = 3.16°
1–7. a. 0.431 g 2–14. u = 54.9°, FR = 10.4 kN
b. 35.3 kN 2–15. FR = 4.91 kN
f = 6.85°
c. 5.32 m
2–17. FB = 1.61 kN, u = 38.3°
1–9. a. km>s
2–18. FR = 4.01 kN, f = 16.2°
b. mm
2–19. u = 90°, FB = 1 kN, FR = 1.73 kN
c. Gs>kg
d. mm # N
2–21. u = 54.3°, FA = 686 N
a. kN # m
2–22. FR = 1.23 kN, u = 6.08°
1–10.
2–23. FR = 9.93 kN, F = 1.20 kN
b. Gg>m
2–25. FR = 1.96 kN, u = 4.12°
c. mN>s2
2–26. FR = 217 N, u = 87.0°
d. GN>s
2–27. FR = 983 N, u = 21.8°
1–11. a. 8.653 s
2–29. FR = 413 N, u = 24.2°
b. 8.368 kN
2–30. FR = 338 N, u = 11.3°
c. 893 g
2–31. FR = 2F 21 + F 22 + 2F1F2 cos f,
1–13. 8.66 Mg>m3
F1 sin f
1–14. a. 44.9(10)-3 N2 u = tan - 1 a b
F2 + F1 cos f
b. 2.79 ( 103 ) s2
2–33. FR = 546 N, u = 253°
c. 23.4 s
2–34. FR = 12.5 kN, u = 64.1°
1–15. 7.41 mN
2–35. F1 = {30i + 40j} N, F2 = { - 20.7i - 77.3j} N,
1–17. a. 98.1 N F3 = {30i}, FR = 54.2 N, u = 43.5°
b. 4.90 mN 2–37. FR = 217 N, u = 87.0°
c. 44.1 kN 2–38. Fx = 40 N, Fy = 40 N, Fz = 56.6 N
1–18. a. 0.447 kg # m>N 2–39. Fx = -200 N
b. 0.911 kg # s Fy = 200 N
c. 18.8 GN>m Fz = 283 N
891
892 Selected Answers
2–41. F1 = { -159.10i + 275.57j + 318.20k} N, 2–75. (F1)AC = 56.3 N

F2 = {424i + 300j - 300k} N, FR = 634 N, 2–77. FBC = 0.182 kN
a = 65.3°, b = 24.8°, g = 88.4° 2–78. (FED) } = 334 N, (FED) # = 498 N
2–42. a = 48.4°, b = 124°, g = 60°, F = 8.08 kN 2–79. (FAB)AC = [116i - 231j + 231k] N
2–43. FR = 718 N 2–81. u = 97.3°
aR = 86.8° 2–82. u = 70.5°
bR = 13.3° 2–83. f = 65.8°
gR = 103° 2–85. Fx = 75 N, Fy = 260 N
2–45. FR = 430 N, a = 28.9°, b = 67.3°, g = 107° 2–86. FOA = 242 N
2–46. FR = 384 N, a = 14.8°, b = 88.9°, g = 105° 2–87. u = 74.4°, f = 55.4°
2–47. FR = 754 N, a = 121°, b = 52.5°, g = 53.1° 2–89. (FAC)z = 2.85 kN
2–49. a1 = 111°, b1 = 69.3°, g1 = 30.0° 2–90. u = 115°
2–50. FR = 610 N, a = 19.4°, b = 77.5°, g = 105° F1y = 300 N
2–51. F1 = 570j - 240k6 N, F2 = 5450i - 636j + 450k6 N F2y = 90 N
2–53. F1 = {72.0i + 54.0k} N, 2–91. Proj F2 = 71.6 N
F2 = {53.0i + 53.0j + 130k} N, F3 = {200k} R2–1. FR = 2(300)2 + (500)2 - 2(300)(500) cos 95°
2–54. FR = 407 N, a = 72.1°, b = 82.5°, g = 19.5° = 605.1 = 605 N
2–55. FR = 615 N 605.1 500
a = 26.6° =
sin 95° sin u
b = 85.1°
g = 64.0° u = 55.40°
2–57. x = - 5.06 m, y = 3.61 m, z = 6.51 m f = 55.40° + 30° = 85.4°
2–58. a = 72.8° F1v 250
R2–2. = F1v = 129 N
b = 83.3° sin 30° sin 105°
g = 162° F1u 250
= F1u = 183 N
FR = 822 N sin 45° sin 105°
2–59. rAB = 397 mm R2–3. FRx = F1x + F2x + F3x + F4x
2–61. Z = 6.63 m FRx = -200 + 320 + 180 - 300 = 0
2–62. x = y = 4.42 m FRy = F1y + F2y + F3y + F4y
2–63. FAB = {97.3i - 129j - 191k} N, FRy = 0 - 240 + 240 + 0 = 0
FAC = {221i - 27.7j - 332k} N, Thus, FR = 0
FR = 620 N, a = 59.1°, b = 80.6°, R2–5. r + 515 sin 20°i + 15 cos 20°j - 10 k6 m
g = 147°
r = 2115 sin 20° 2 2 + 115 cos 20° 2 + 1-102 2
2–65. FR = 1.17 kN, a = 68.0°, b = 96.8°, g = 157°
2–66. F = 260 N = 2325 m
2–67. FC = { - 324i - 130j + 195k} N, r
u = = 10.2846i + 0.7819j - 0.5547k2
FB = { - 324i + 130j + 195k} N, r
FE = { - 194i + 291k} N F = F u = 50.569i + 1.56j - 1.11k6 kN
2–69. FR = 194 N, a = 90.9°, b = 76.4°, 4 4
g = 166° R2–6. F1 = 600a bcos 30°( +i) + 600a bsin 30°( -j)
5 5
2–70. FA = { - 43.5i + 174j - 174k} N 3
+ 600a b( + k)
FB = {53.2i - 79.8j - 146k} N 5
= 5415.69i - 240j + 360k6 N
2–73. (FBC) } = 245 N
(FBC) # = 316 N F2 = 0i + 450 cos 45°( + j) + 450 sin 45°( +k)
2–74. u = 36.4° = 5318.20j + 318.20k6N
Selected Answers 893
R2–7. r1 = 5400i + 250k6mm; r1 = 471.70 mm 3–45. No, Yes

r2 = 550i + 300j 6 mm; r2 = 304.14 mm 3–46. Yes, Yes
#
r1 r2 = (400)(50) + 0(300) + 250(0) = 20 000 3–47. Mz = 535.4k6 N # m
r1 # r2 20 000 3–49. Mx = 137 N # m
u = cos - 1a b = cos - 1a b
r1r2 (471.70)(304.14) 3–50. Ma = 4.37 N # m, a = 33.7°, b = 90°, g = 56.3°,
= 82.0° ‌ M = 5.41 N # m
3–51. MAB = 136 N # m
Chapter 3 3–53. MCA = 226 N # m
3–54. (Mc)R = 260 N # mA
a + (MF1)A = 433 N # mA
3–5. u = 64.0°
3–55. F = 2.21 kN
a + (MF2)A = 1.30 kN # mA
3–6.
3–57. F = 133 N, P = 800 N
a + (MF3)A = 800 N # mA 3–58. F = 75 N, P = 100 N
3–7. a + MB = 150 N # mB, a + MB = 600 N # mB, 3–59. MC = 5 -65.0i - 37.5k6 N # m
a + MB = 136 N # mB, a+ MC = 211 N # mB

MB = 0 3–61. F = 33.3 N, F = 133 N
M2 = 424 N # m, M3 = 300 N # m
a + MA = 292 N # mB
3–9. 3–62.
3–10. 3–63. F = 625 N
3–11. F = 84.3 N 3–65. F = 98.1 N
l 3–66. MC = 5 -2i + 20j + 17k6 kN # m,
3–13. m = a
d + l
bM MC = 26.3 kN # m
3–14. M B = 5 - 3.36k6 N # m, a = 90°, b = 90°, 3–67. (MC)R = 71.9 N # m, a = 44.2°, b = 131°, g = 103°
g = 180° 3–69. MC = 45.1 N # m
3–15. M O = 5 0.5i + 0.866j - 3.36k6 N # m, 3–70. F = 832 N
a = 81.8°, b = 75.7°, g = 163° 3–71. FR = 365 N, u = 70.8° , (MR)O = 2364 N # mB
3–17. (MO) max = 48.0 kN # m (counterclockwise), 3–73. FR = 5.93 kN, u = 77.8° , MRA = 34.8 kN # mA
u = 31.5° 3–74. FR = 5.93 kN, u = 77.8° ,
3–18. MP = (806.25 cos u + 112.5 sin u) MB = 11.6 kN # m (counterclockwise)
3–19. F = 1.19 kN 3–75. FR = 294 N, u = 40.1° ,
MRO = 39.6 N # mA
a + MA = 45.2 N # m (clockwise)
3–21. MC = 4.97 Mg
3–22. 3–77. FR = 1.30 kN, u = 86.7° ,
3–23. F = 133 N (MR)B = 10.1 kN # mB
3–25. M O = rOA * FC = 5 1080i + 720j 6 N # m 3–78. FR = 2533.012 + 1002 = 542 N
3–26. M O = 5 - 720i + 720j 6 N # m u = 10.6°
3–27. M P = 5 - 24i + 24j + 8k6 kN # m (MR)A = 441 N # mB
3–29. MP = 5 - 60i - 26j - 32k6 kN # m 3–79. FR = 938 N, u = 35.9° ,
(MR)A = 680 N # mB
3–30. MA = 2.36 kN # m (counterclockwise)
3–81. FR = 5270k6 N, MRO = 5 -2.22i6 N # m
3–31. F = 954 N
3–33. M B = 5 - i + 0.750j - 1.56k6 kN # m 3–82. FR = 5 -200i + 700j - 600k6 N,
3–34. M A = 5 - 5.39i + 13.1j + 11.4k6 N # m (MR)O = 5 -1200i + 450j + 1450k6 N # m
3–35. M B = 5 10.6i + 13.1j + 29.2k6 N # m 3–83. FR = 56i + 5j - 5k6 kN,
3–37. y = 1 m, z = 3 m, d = 1.15 m (MR)O = 52.5i - 7j 6 kN # m
MO = 4.27 N # m, a = 95.2°, b = 110°, g = 20.6°
3–85. FR = 5 -40j - 40k6 N,
3–38.
MRA = 5 -12j + 12k6 N # m
3–39. MCD = - 648 N # m
Mx = 21.7 N # m
3–86. FR = 5 -28.3j - 68.3k6 N,
3–41.
MRA = 5 -20.5j + 8.49k6 N # m
3–42. F = 139 N
Mx = 73.0 N # m
3–87. FR = 1000 N, u = 53.1° ,
3–43.
d = 2.17 m
3–89. FR = 329 N, u = 49.8° , d = 1.39 m 0 1 0

3–90. FR = 53.75 kNT, d = 4.12 m ‌ My = £ 1 0 0 § = -81.6 N # m
3–91. FR = 53.75 kNT -40.82 40.82 81.65
d = 2.78 m ‌ My = 5- 81.6j6 N # m
3–93. F = 1302 N, u = 84.5° , x = 1.36 m
(to the right) ‌R3–5. S+ ΣFRx = ΣFx; FRx = 6a 5 b - 4 cos 60°
13
3–94. FR = -10 kN, x = 1.00 m, z = 1.40 m
‌ = 0.30769 kN
3–95. FR = 356 N, u = 51.8°, d = b = 3.32 m 12
3–97. FR = 542 N, u = 10.6° , d = 0.827 m ‌ + c ΣFRy = ΣFy; FRy = 6a b - 4 sin 60°
13
3–98. FR = 542 N, u = 10.6° , d = 2.17 m ‌ = 2.0744 kN
3–99. FR = 50.2 kN ‌ FR = 2(0.30769)2 + (2.0744)2 = 2.10 kN
u = 84.3° 2.0744
d = 4.79 m ‌ u = tan - 1 c d = 81.6°
0.30769
a + MP = ΣMP; MP = 8 - 6a b(7) + 6a b(5)

3–101. FA = 18.0 kN, FB = 16.7 kN, FR = 48.7 kN
12 5
3–102. FC = 600 N, FD = 500 N ‌
13 13
3–103. FR = 4.52 kN ‌ - 4 cos 60°(4) + 4 sin 60°(3)
MP = -16.8 kN # m
f = 23.6°
‌
d = 1.52 m
‌ = 16.8 kN # mA
3–105. F1 = 27.6 kN, F2 = 24.0 kN
‌R3–6.
3–106. FR = 215 kN, y = 3.68 m, x = 3.54 m
+ 4
3–107. FA = 30 kN, FB = 20 kN, FR = 190 kN S 1FR 2 x = ΣFx; 1FR 2 x = 900 cos 45° - 1500 - 1200 a b
5
3–109. FR = 15.0 kNA, d = 3.40 m ‌ = -1823.60 N = 1823.60 N d
1 3
3–110. FR = w0L T + c 1FR 2 y = ΣFy; 1FR 2 y = -900 sin 45° - 1200 a b
2 5
5 = -1356.40 N = 1356.40 NT
x = L
12 ‌FR = 21FR 2 2x + 1FR 2 2y = 21823.602 + 1356.402
3–111. FR = 21.0 kNT, d = 3.43 m
‌ = 2272.74 N = 2.27 kN
3–113. FR = 12.0 kN, u = 48.4° , d = 3.28 m 1FR 2 y 1356.40
3–114. FR = 12.0 kN, u = 48.4° , d = 3.69 m ‌ u = tan-1 c d = tan-1a b = 36.6°
1FR 2 x 1823.60
a + 1MR 2 A = ΣMA; 1823.601d2 = 1200 a b 10.82

3–115. a = 1.26 m, b = 2.53 m 3
3–117. FR = 10.7 kNT 5
x = 1m 4
+ 1200 a b 11.52 + 150011.52 - 900 cos 45° 12.12
‌R3–1. 130 = 414 cos 30° 2 + W 19 cos 30° + 0.62 5
‌ W = 1.92 kN ‌ -900 sin 45° 112
2i + 3j - 6k d = 1.26 m
‌R3–2. FR = 17 kN2 c d
222 + 32 + 1- 62 2 ‌R3–7. + c FR = ΣFz; FR = -20 - 50 - 30 - 40
‌ = -140 kN = 140 kNT
‌ FR = 52i + 3j - 6k6 kN
‌ (MR)x = ΣMx; -140y = -50(3) - 30(11) - 40(13)
i j k ‌ y = 7.14 m
‌ 1MR2 C = r′CB * F = † 2 9 0 † (MR)y = ΣMy; 140x = 50(4) + 20(10) + 40(10)
2 3 -6 ‌ x = 5.71 m
= 5- 54i + 12j - 12k6 kN # m
‌R3–3. r = 51i6 m Chapter 4
- 0.5i + 0.5j + 1k 4–1. FBC = 2.90 kN, y = 841 mm
‌ F = 1100 N2a b
21 - 0.52 2 + 0.52 + 12 4–2. NA = 2.175 kN, By = 1.875 kN, Bx = 0
‌ = 5- 40.82i + 40.82j + 81.65k6N 4–3. NA = 3.33 kN, Bx = 2.40 kN, By = 133 N
4–5. Ax = 3.46 kN, Ay = 8 kN, MA = 20.2 kN # m 4–39. FBD = 294 N, FBC = 589 N, Ax = 0,
4–6. NA = 750 N, By = 600 N, Bx = 450 N Ay = 589 N, Az = 490.5 N
4–7. u = 3.82° 4–41. T = 58.0 N, Cz = 87.0 N, Cy = 28.8 N, Dx = 0,
4–9. Ax = 25.4 kN, By = 22.8 kN, Bx = 25.4 kN Dy = 79.2 N, Dz = 58.0 N
4–10. F = 14.0 kN 4–42. x = 0.5 m
4–11. NB = 3.46 kN, Ax = 1.73 kN, Ay = 1.00 kN 4–43. P = 12.8 kN
3a 4–45. NA = 16.5 kN, NB = 42.3 kN, It does not move.
4–13. d = 4–46. u = 52.0°
4
4–47. ms = 0.231
4–14. P = 660 N, NA = 442 N, u = 48.0°
4–49. f = u, P = W sin(a + u)
4–15. u = 24.6° 4–50. (a) No, (b) Yes
4–17. F = 22 kN, Ax = 30 kN, Ay = 16 kN 4–51. (a) No, (b) Yes
4–18. a = 10.4° 4–53. F = 5.79 kN
4–19. k = 250 N>m 4–54. FB = 200 N
W cos u W cos f cos u 4–55. u = 10.6°, x = 46.1 mm
4–21. T = ,A = , 4–57. P = 14.4 N
2 sin (f - u) x 2 sin (f - u)
W( sin f cos u - 2 cos f sin u) 4–58. Oy = 400 N, Ox = 46.4 N
Ay = 4–59. P = 350 N, Oy = 945 N, Ox = 280 N
2 sin (f - u)
4–61. P = 500 N
4–22. FAB = 0.864 kN 1 1 1
Cy = 6.56 kN 4–62. If P = W, mS = , If P ≠ W,
2 3 2
Cx = 2.66 kN (P + W) - 1(W + 7P)(W - P)
4–23. NA = 346 N, NB = 693 N, a = 0.650 m mS = ,
2(2P - W)
2P 4P for 0 6 P 6 W
4–25. w1 = , w2 =
L L 4–63. P = 40.1 N
R4–1. a+ΣMA = 0: F(6) + F(4) + F(2) - 3 cos 45°(2) = 0
4–26. NC = 289 N
NA = 213 N
F = 0.3536 kN = 354 N
R4–2. a + ΣMA = 0; NB(7) - 1400(3.5) - 300(6) = 0
NB = 332 N
4–27. Ax = 400 N, Ay = 500 N, Az = 600 N,
(MA)x = 1.225 kN # m, (MA)y = 750 N # m,
+ c gFy = 0; Ay - 1400 - 300 + 957 = 0 Ay = 743 N
NB = 957.14 N = 957 N
(MA)z = 0
4–29. T = 1.84 kN, F = 6.18 kN + ΣFx = 0; Ax = 0
S
4–30. TBD = TCD = 117 N R4–3. a + ΣMA = 0; 10(0.6 + 1.2 cos 60°) + 6(0.4)
Ax = 66.7 N
- NA(1.2 + 1.2 cos 60°) = 0
Ay = 0
Az = 100 N NA = 8.00 kN
+ ΣF = 0; B - 6 cos 30° = 0; B = 5.20 kN
S
4–31. FAB = 467 N, FAC = 674 N, Dx = 1.04 kN, x x x
Dy = 0, Dz = 0 ‌ + c ΣFy = 0; By + 8.00 - 6 sin 30° - 10 = 0

4–33. TBC = 43.9 N, NB = 58.9 N, Ax = 58.9 N, By = 5.00 kN
Ay = 39.2 N, Az = 177 N ΣFx = 0;
R4–5. Ax = 0
4–34. F = 4.50 kN, Ax = 0, Ay = 0, Az = 3 kN, ΣFy = 0; Ay + 200 = 0
MAx = 0, MAz = 0
Ay = -200 N
4–35. TC = 14.8 kN, TB = 16.5 kN, TA = 7.27 kN ΣFz = 0; Az - 150 = 0
4–37. FDC = 1.875 kN, Ex = 0, Ez = 2.81 kN, Az = 150 N
Ax = 0, Ay = 0, Az = 0.3125 kN
ΣMx = 0; -150(2) + 200(2) - (MA)x = 0
4–38.
( MA ) x = 100 N # m
Cy = 450 N, Cz = 250 N, Bz = 1.125 kN,
Az = 125 N, Bx = 25 N, Ax = 475 N
ΣMy = 0; ( MA ) y = 0
ΣMz = 0; 200(2.5) - (MA)z = 0 5–7. FCB = 0, FCD = 20.0 kN (C),

( MA ) z = 500 N # m FDB = 33.3 kN (T), FDA = 36.7 kN (C)
R4–6. 5–9. FCD = FDE = FAF = 0,
ΣMy = 0; P 10.22 - 40010.252 = 0 P = 500 N FCE = 16.9 kN (C), FCB = 10.1 kN (T),
ΣMx = 0; B2 10.72 - 40010.352 = 0 Bz = 200 N FBA = 10.1 kN (T), FBE = 15.0 kN (T),
FAE = 1.875 kN (C), FFE = 9.00 kN (C)
ΣMz = 0; Bx 10.72 - 50010.252 = 0 Bx = 179 N
5–10. FDE = FDC = FFA = 0, FCE = 34.4 kN (C),
ΣFx = 0; Ax - 178.59 - 500 = 0 Ax = 679 N FCB = 20.6 kN (T), FBA = 20.6 kN (T),
ΣFy = 0; By = 0 FBE = 15.0 kN (T), FFE = 30.0 kN (C),
ΣFz = 0; Az + 200 - 400 = 0 Az = 200 N FEA = 15.6 kN (T)
R4–7. Assume that the ladder slips at A: 5–11. FCB = FCD = 0, FAB = 2.40P (C), FAF = 2.00P (T),
FA = 0.4 NA FBF = 1.86P (T), FBD = 0.373P (C),
+ T ΣFy = 0; NA - 2019.812 = 0 FFE = 1.86P (T),
NA = 196.2 N FFD = 0.333P (T), FDE = 0.373P (C)
a+ΣMB = 0; P122 - 2019.81211.52 + 196.2132 - 78.48 142 = 0

FA = 0.41196.22 = 78.48 N 5–13. FDC = 9.24 kN (T), FDE = 4.62 kN (C),
FCE = 9.24 kN (C), FCB = 9.24 kN (T),
P = 9.81 N FBE = 9.24 kN (C), FBA = 9.24 kN (T),
S+ ΣF = 0; N + 9.81- 78.48 = 0 FEA = 4.62 kN (C)
x B
NB = 68.67 N 7 0 5–14. P = 5.20 kN
The ladder will remain in contact with the wall. 5–15. FDE = 8.94 kN (T), FDC = 4.00 kN (C),
FCB = 4.00 kN (C), FCE = 0,
Chapter 5 FEB = 11.3 kN (C), FEF = 12.0 kN (T),
FBA = 12.0 kN (C), FBF = 18.0 kN (T),
5–1. FCD = 5.21 kN (C), FCB = 4.17 kN (T), FFA = 20.1 kN (C), FFG = 21.0 kN (T)
FAD = 1.46 kN (C), FAB = 4.17 kN (T),
5–17. FGD = 10.0 kN (C), FGF = 21.0 kN (C),
FBD = 4 kN(T)
FCD = 24.7 kN (T)
5–2. FCD = 5.21 kN (C), FCB = 2.36 kN (T),
FAD = 1.46 kN (C), FAB = 2.36 kN (T), 5–18. FBC = 24.7 kN (T), FHG = 21.0 kN (C),
FBD = 4 kN (T) FBG = 10.0 kN (C)
5–3. FDE = 16.3 kN (C), FDC = 8.40 kN (T), 5–19. FGF = 12.5 kN (C), FCD = 6.67 kN (T), FGC = 0
FEA = 8.85 kN (C), FEC = 6.20 kN (C), 5–21. FJI = 18.4 kN (C), FEF = 2.83 kN (T),
FCF = 8.77 kN (T), FCB = 2.20 kN (T), FEI = 6.50 kN (T), FJE = 2.00 kN (T)
FBA = 3.11 kN (T), FBF = 6.20 kN (C),
5–22. FKL = 19.0 kN (C), FCD = 13.0 kN (T),
FFA = 6.20 kN (T)
FLD = 2.12 kN (T)
5–5. FAE = 8.94 kN (C), FAB = 8.00 kN (T),
5–23. FHI = 42.5 kN (T), FHC = 100 kN (T),
FBC = 8.00 kN (T), FBE = 8.00 kN (C),
FDC = 125 kN (C)
FEC = 8.94 kN (T), FED = 17.9 kN (C),
5–25. FBC = 18.0 kN (T), FFE = 15.0 kN (C),
FDC = 8.00 kN (T)
FEB = 5.00 kN (C)
1
5–6. Joint A: FAE a b - 166.22 = 0 5–26. FBC = 10.4 kN (C), FHG = 9.16 kN (T),
15 FHC = 2.24 kN (T)
FAE = 372 N (C) 5–27. FCD = 11.2 kN (C), FCF = 3.21 kN (T),
FAB = 332 N (T) FCG = 6.80 kN (C)
Joint B: FBC - 332.45 = 0 FBC = 332 N (T)
5–29. FEF = 15.0 kN (C), FBC = 12.0 kN (T),
FBE = 196 N (C) FBE = 4.24 kN (T)
Joint E: FEC cos 36.87°
5–30. FBC = 5.33 kN (C), FEF = 5.33 kN (T),
- (196.2 + 302.47) cos 26.57° = 0 FCF = 4.00 kN (T)
FEC = 558 N (T)
5–31. FAF = 21.3 kN (T), FBC = 5.33 kN (C),
FED = 929 N (C) FBF = 20.0 kN (C)
Jont D: FDC = 582 N (T) 5–33. P = 18.9 N
5–34. P = 368 N 3
+ c ΣFy = 0; FCF - 4 + (1.458) = 0
5–35. P = 21.8 N; RA = 2P = 43.6 N 5
RB = 2P = 43.6 N; RC = 6P = 131 N FCF = 3.125 = 3.12 kN (C)
5–37. F = 5.07 kN Joint E:
S+ ΣF = 0; FEF = 0
5–38. NE = 3.60 kN, NB = 900 N, Ax = 0, x
Ay = 2.70 kN, MA = 8.10 kN # m + c ΣFy = 0; FED = 13.125 = 13.1 kN (C)

5–39. NE = 18.0 kN, NC = 4.50 kN, Ax = 0, Joint D:
Ay = 7.50 kN, MA = 22.5 kN # m
3
+ c ΣFy = 0; 13.125 - 10 - FDF = 0
5
5–41. FC = 572 N, FA = 572 N, FB = 478 N
FDF = 5.21 kN (T)
5–42. ND = 333 N, Ax = 333 N, Ay = 100 N
R5–2. Joint A:
5–43. FC = 19.6 kN + ΣF = 0;
S x FAB - FAG cos 45° = 0
5–45. FFD = 20.1 kN, FBD = 25.5 kN,
+ c ΣFy = 0; 3.333 - FAG sin 45° = 0
Member EDC: Cx′ = 18.0 kN, Cy′ = 12.0 kN
FAG = 4.71 kN (C)
Member ABC: C″y = 12.0 kN, C″x = 18.0 kN,
FAB = 3.333 kN (T) = 3.33 kN (T)
5–46. Ax = 294 N, Ay = 196 N, NC = 147 N,
NE = 343 N Joint B:
S+ ΣF = 0; FBC = 3.333 kN (T) = 3.33 kN (T)
5–47. FFB = 1.94 kN x
FBD = 2.60 kN + c ΣFy = 0; FGB = 0
5–49. P = 198 N Joint D:
5–50. F = 6.93 kN S+ ΣF = 0; -FDC + FDE cos 45° = 0
x
5–51. Clamp + c ΣFy = 0; 6.667 - FDE sin 45° = 0
Cx = 1175 N
FDE = 9.428 kN (C) = 943 kN (C)
Handle
F = 370 N FDC = 6.667 kN (T) = 6.67 kN (T)
FBE = 2719.69 N Joint E:
S+ ΣF = 0; -9.428 sin 45° + FEG = 0
5–53. NB = NC = 49.5 N x
5–54. NA = 11.1 kN (Both wheels), NB = 3.37 kN + c ΣFy = 0; -FEC + 9.428 cos 45° = 0
F′CD = 6.47 kN, F′E = 5.88 kN FEC = 6.667 kN (T) = 6.67 kN (T)
5–55. Cx = 650 N, Cy = 0 FEG = 6.667 kN (C) = 6.67 kN (C)
5–57. u = 23.7° Joint C:
5–58. m = 26.0 kg + c ΣFy = 0; FGC cos 45° + 6.667 - 10 = 0
5–59. FAC = 12.6 kN, FAB = 15.4 kN, FAD = 17.2 kN
a + ΣMC = 0;
FGC = 4.71 kN (T)
5–61. mL = 106 kg R5–3. 15(6) - 10(3)
R5–1. Joint B: - FGJ cos 30°(6 tan 30°) = 0
S+ ΣF = 0; FBC = 3 kN (C) FGJ = 20.0 kN (C)
x
+ c ΣFy = 0; FBA = 8 kN (C) + c ΣFy = 0; -10 + 2(20.0 cos 60°) - FGC = 0
Joint A: FGC = 10.0 kN (T)
3
+ c ΣFy = 0; 8.875 - 8 - FAC = 0 R5–5. CB is a two force member.
5
a + ΣMA = 0;
Member AC:
FAC = 1.458 = 1.46 kN (C) -600(0.75) + 1.5(FCB sin 75°) = 0
+ ΣF = 0; 4 FCB = 310.6
S x FAF - 3 - (1.458) = 0
5 1
Bx = By = 310.6a b = 220 N
FAF = 4.17 kN (T) 22
Joint C: S+ ΣF = 0; -A + 600 sin 60° - 310.6 cos 45° = 0
x x
+ ΣF = 0; 4 Ax = 300 N
S x 3 + (1.458) - FCD = 0
5 + c ΣFy = 0; Ay - 600cos 60° + 310.6 sin 45° = 0
FCD = 4.167 = 4.17 kN (C) Ay = 80.4 N
a + ΣMA = 0; - 750(2) + By(3) = 0

R5–6. Member AB: h
6–21. y =
3
By = 500 N p
6–22. x = a
2
a + ΣMC = 0; - 1200(1.5) - 900(1) + Bx(3) - 500(3) = 0
Member BC:
pa
6–23. y =
Bx = 1400 N 8
+ c ΣFy = 0; Ay - 750 + 500 = 0 6–25. y = 0.45 m
Ay = 250 N 6–26. x = 50.0 mm
Member AB: 6–27. y = 40.0 mm
S+ ΣF = 0; - A + 1400 = 0 (4n + 1)
x x
6–29. y = c dh
Ax = 1400 N = 1.40 kN 3(2n + 1)
Member BC: 6–30. x = 1.26 m, y = 0.143 m, NB = 47.9 kN,
S+ ΣF = 0; C + 900 - 1400 = 0 Ax = 33.9 kN, Ay = 73.9 kN
x x
Cx = 500 N 4
6–31. z = m
+ c ΣFy = 0; - 500 - 1200 + Cy = 0 3
Cy = 1700 N = 1.70 kN 3
6–33. y = b, x = z = 0
R5–7. FD = 104 N, FF = 73.5 N, FA = 122 N 8
h a
6–34. z = , x = y =
Chapter 6 4 p
2
6–1. x = 6m 6–35. z = h
9
6–2. y = 2.8 m 6–37. y = 85.9 mm
3 6–38. y = 51.25 mm
6–3. x = a
8 6–39. y = 249 mm
3 6–41. y = 79.7 mm
6–5. y = h
10
6–42. y = 272 mm
6–6. x = 0.398 m
6–43. y = 293 mm
6–7. y = 1.00 m
6–45. y = 91.7 mm
12
6–9. y = m 6–46. y = 324 mm
5
6–47. x = 120 mm
p
6–10. y = a, x = 0 y = 305 mm
8 z = 73.4 mm
hn + 1
6–11. y = 6–49. z = 128 mm
2(2n + 1)
6–50. z = 122 mm
2
6–13. y = h 6–51. h = 385 mm
5
6–53. Σm = 16.4 kg, x = 153 mm,
6–14. x = 0.375 m
y = -15 mm, z = 111 mm
y = 1.2 m
6–54. z = 463 mm
6–15. x = 0
2 6–55. z = 754 mm
y = m 6–57. Iy = 1.22 m4
5
6–17. y = 13.3 mm ab3
6–58. Ix =
a(1 + n) 3(3n + 1)
6–18. x = a3b
2(2 + n) 6–59. Iy =
hn n + 3
6–19. y = 6–61. Iy = 53.3(106) mm4
2n + 1
6–62. Ix = 0.133 m4
6–63. Iy = 0.286 m4 R6–3. Σ∼x L = 0(4) + 2(p)(2) = 4p m2

p 4 2(2)
6–65. Ix =
8
m Σ∼
yL = 0(4) + (p)(2) = 8 m2
p
p 4
6–66. Iy = m Σ∼ zL = 2(4) + 0(p)(2) = 8 m2
2
2 ΣL = 4 + p(2) = (4 + 2p) m
6–67. Ix = bh3
15 Σ∼xL 4p
x = = = 1.22 m
6–69. Iy = 0.762 m4 ΣL 4 + 2p
6–70. Ix = 614 m4 Σ∼yL 8
y = = = 0.778 m
6–71. Iy = 85.3 m4 ΣL 4 + 2p
6–73. Iy = 0.305 m4 Σ∼zL 8
z = = = 0.778 m
1 ΣL 4 + 2p
6–74. Ix = bh3 R6–5.
30
b3h 2m 2m
LA L0 L0
6–75. Iy = Ix = y2dA = y2(4 - x)dy = y2 1 4 - 32 3y 3 2 dy
1 1
6
6–77. Iy = 0.571 m4 = 1.07 m4
3ab3 R6–6.
6–78. Ix = 2m 2m
35
LA L0 L0
3a3b Iy = x2dA = 2 x2(y dx) = 2 x2 ( 1 - 0.25 x2 ) dx
6–79. Iy =
35 = 2.13 m4
6–81. y = 91.7 mm, Ix′ = 2161106 2mm4 1 1 d 3
6–82. y = 52.5 mm, Ix′ = 16.61106 2 mm4, R6–7. (d)(d 3) + 0 d + 4 c
Ix = c (0.2887d) a b
12 36 2
Iy′ = 5.7251106 2 mm4
1 d d 2
6–83. Ix = 7981106 2 mm4 + (0.2887d) a b a b d
2 2 6
6–85. Ix = 1.721109 2 mm4
= 0.0954d 4
6–86. Iy = 2.031109 2 mm4
6–87. Iy = 1151106 2 mm4
Chapter 7
6–89. Ix = 5111106 2 mm4
6–90. Iy = 90.21106 2 mm4 7–1. NE = 0; VE = -900 N; ME = -2.7 kN # m
6–91. Ix = 34.41106 2 mm4 7–2. NA = 77.3 N, VA = 20.7 N, MA = -0.555 N # m
R6–1. Using an element of thickness dx, 7–3. NC = 0, VC = -233 N, MC = 433 N # m
b
c2
b b 7–5. NF = 1.17 kN, VF = 0, MF = 0, NE = 0.703 kN,
LA La La
VE = -0.3125 kN, ME = 0.3125 kN # m
∼
x dA xa dxb c 2 dx c2 x `
x a b - a
x= = = = = 7–6. Na = 2000 N; Va = 0
LA
b 22 b 2 b b Nb = 1732 N; Vb = 1000 N
dA c ln c ln c ln ln
a a a a
7–7. Ay = 16.67 kN,
R6–2. Using an element of thickness dx, By = 33.33 kN, ND = 0, VD = 4.17 kN,
b
c2 c2 c4
b
MD = 25.2 kN # m, NE = 0, VE = -48.3 kN,
LA La La 2x
y dA a ba dxb
2x x 2
dx ME = -50.0 kN # m
y = = = 7–9. VD = 17.3 N, ND = 10 N, MD = 1.60 N # m
LA
b b
dA c 2 ln
a
c 2 ln
a 7–10. NC = 0, VC = 2.75 kN, MC = 7.875 kN # m
7–11. ND = 0, VD = -3.25 kN, MD = 5.625 kN # m
c4 b
- ` 7–13. Nb - b = -86.6 N,Vb - b = 50 N, Mb - b = -15 N # m
2x a c 2(b - a)
= = 7–14. NA = 0, VA = 2.175 kN, MA = -1.65 kN # m,
NB = 0, VB = 3.975 kN, MB = -9.03 kN # m,
b b
c 2 ln 2ab ln
a a VC = 0, NC = -5.55 kN, MC = -11.6 kN # m
7–15. VA = 386 N, NA = 104 N, MA = 1.81 N # m 7–55. h = 75 mm

7–17. By = 3.00 kN, ND = 0, VD = - 1.875 kN, 7–57. aA′ = 130 mm
MD = 3.94 kN # m aB′ = 300 mm
7–18. (NC)x = 0, (VC)y = - 246 N, (VC)z = - 171 N, 7–58. FH = 20.0 kN, FBF = FAG = 15.0 kN,
(TC)x = 0, (MC)y = - 154 N # m, d EF = d CG = 11.3 mm
(MC)z = -123 N # m 7–59. d B = 7.08 mm, d C = 6.29 mm
7–19. (ND)x = 0, (VD)y = 154 N, (VD)z = - 171 N, 7–61. (F.S.)st = 2.14, (F.S.)con = 3.53
(TD)x = 0, (MD)y = - 94.3 N # m, 7–62. d A = d B = 5.20 mm
(MD)z = - 149 N # m 7–63. d = 13.8 mm, t = 7.00 mm
7–21. NC = - 2.94 kN, VC = 2.94 kN,
MC = - 1.47 kN # m
7–65. P = 5.83 kN
7–66. (F.S.)rod = 3.32
7–22. NE = - 2.94 kN, VE = - 2.94 kN,
ME = - 2.94 kN # m (F.S.)pinB = 1.96
7–23. FBC = 1.39 kN, FA = 1.49 kN, ND = 120 N, (F.S.)pinA = 2.72
VD = 0, MD = 36.0 N # m 7–67. w = 14.1 kN>m
7–25. NB = 5.303 kN, Na - a = - 3.75 kN, 7–69. P = 7.54 kN
Va - a = 1.25 kN, Ma - a = 3.75 kN # m, 7–70. d 2 = 35.7 mm, d 3 = 27.6 mm, d 1 = 22.6 mm
Nb - b = -1.77 kN, Vb - b = 3.54 kN, 7–71. e = 0.167 mm>mm
Mb - b = 3.75 kN # m 7–73. (eavg)AH = 0.0349 mm>mm,
7–26. sD = 13.3 MPa (C), sE = 70.7 MPa (T) (eavg)CG = 0.0349 mm>mm,
P P (eavg)DF = 0.0582 mm>mm
7–27. savg = sin 2u, tavg = sin 2u
A 2A 7–74. g xy = -0.0200 rad
7–29. w = 16.0 kN>m 7–75. (g A)xy = -0.0262 rad, (g B)xy = -0.205 rad,
7–30. Joint A: sAB = 85.5 MPa (T), (g C)xy = -0.205 rad, (g D)xy = -0.0262 rad
sAE = 68.4 MPa (C) 7–77. eAB = 0.0343
Joint E: sED = 68.4 MPa (C), 0.5∆L
sEB = 38.5 MPa (T) 7–78. eAB =
L
Joint B: sBC = 188 MPa (T),
7–79. (g A)xy = 27.8(10 - 3) rad, (g B)xy = 35.1(10 - 3) rad
sBD = 150 MPa (C)
7–81. (ex)A = 0, (ey)A = 1.80(10 - 3) mm>mm,
7–31. P = 29.8 kN
(gxy)A = 0.0599 rad, eBE = -0.0198 mm>mm
7–33. P = 4.54 kN
7–82. eAD = 0.0566 mm>mm, eCF = -0.0255 mm>mm
7–34. P = 40 MN, d = 2.40 m
7–83. (eavg)AC = 6.04(10 - 3) mm>mm
7–35. s = 533 kPa, t = 924 kPa
7–85. g xy = 0.00880 rad
7–37. (savg)BC = 159 MPa, (savg)AC = 95.5 MPa
7–86. ex = 0.00443 mm>mm
(savg)AB = 127 MPa
7–87. ex′ = 0.00884 mm>mm
7–38. P = 37.7 kN
7–39. (tavg)A = 50.9 MPa 7–89. (g B)xy = 11.6(10 - 3) rad, (g A)xy = 11.6(10 - 3) rad
7–41. d = 1.20 m 7–90. (g C)xy = 11.6(10 - 3) rad, (g D)xy = 11.6(10 - 3) rad
7–42. tB = 324 MPa, tA = 324 MPa 7–91. eAC = 1.60110-3 2mm>mm
7–43. tavg = 112.5 KPa eDB = 12.8110-3 2mm>mm
7–45. s = (238 - 22.6z) kPa R7–1. ND = -10.8 kN, VD = 0, MD = 3.24 kN # m
7–46. sAB = 127 MPa, sAC = 129 MPa VE = -2.70 kN, NE = -21.6 kN,
7–47. d AB = 11.9 mm ME = -3.24 kN # m
7–49. s = 546.9 - 7.50x2 6 MPa R7–2. ss = 208 MPa, (tavg)a = 4.72 MPa,
7–50. s = 543.75 - 22.5x6 MPa (tavg)b = 45.5 MPa
7–51. s = 4.69 MPa, t = 8.12 MPa R7–3. Use t = 6 mm; use d A = 28 mm ; use d B = 20 mm.
7–53. P = 14.3 kN (controls) R7–5. tavg = 25.5 MPa, sb = 4.72 MPa
7–54. d = 5.71 mm R7–6. sa - a = 200 kPa, ta - a = 115 kPa
R7–7. (Pavg)CA = - 5.59110-3 2 mm>mm 9–5. dA>E = 0.697 mm

3 v0 9–6. sA = 95.6 MPa, sB = 69.3 MPa,
R7–9. At (b>2, a>2): gxy = tan-1 c a b d , sC = 22.5 MPa, dD = 0.895 m
4 b
-1
v0 9–7. dC = 0.0975 mm S
At (b, a): gxy = tan c 3a b d
b 9–9. dF = 0.453 mm
9–10. P = 4.97 kN
Chapter 8 9–11. dI = 0.736 mm
8–1. (sult)approx = 770 MPa, (sR)approx = 652 MPa, 9–13. dD = 0.1374 mm, dA>B = dC>D = 0.3958 mm,
(sY)approx = 385 MPa, Eapprox = 224 GPa
dC = 0.5332 mm, dtot = 33.9 mm
8–2. E = 387 GPa, (Ui)r = 69.7 KJ>m3
9–14. W = 9.69 kN
8–3. (Ui)t = 595 KJ>m3
9–15. dA>D = 0.129 mm,
8–5. Elastic Recovery = 0.0883 mm, ∆L = 3.91 mm
8–6. (Ui)r = 141.5 KJ>m3, [(u i)t]approx = 128 MJ>m3 h′ = 49.9988 mm, w′ = 59.9986 mm
L
gL2
AE L0
8–7. dBD = 1.70 mm 1 PL
9–17. d = (gAx + P) dx = +
8–9. E = 0.0385 MPa, (Ui)r = 77.0 KJ>m3, 2E AE
(Ui)t = 135 KJ>m3 9–18. dF = 0.340 mm
8–10. E = 229 GPa 9–19. u = 0.0106°
8–11. E = 76.6 GPa 9–21. F = 8.00 kN, dA>B = -0.311 mm
8–13. A = 150 mm2, P = 7.50 kN 9–22. F = 4.00 kN, dA>B = -0.259 mm
8–14. spl = 308 MPa, sY = 420 MPa, E = 77.0 GPa 9–23. dD = 17.3 mm
8–15. (Ui) = 0.616 MJ>m3, [(Ui)t]approx = 45.5 MJ>m3 9–25. d = 2.37 mm
8–17. sYS = 2.03 MPa 2.63 P
8–18. P = 75.8 kN 9–26. d =
prE
8–19. ABC = 463 mm2, ABA = 121 mm2
9–27. (dA)V = 0.732 mmT
8–21. v = 0.350
9–29. dA = 0.920 mm
8–22. L = 51.14 mm, d = 12.67 mm
Ph d2
8–23. p = 741 kPa, d = 7.41 mm 9–30. d = c ln d
Et(d 2 - d 1) d1
8–25. ex = 0.0075 mm>mm, ey = - 0.00375 mm>mm,
gxy = 0.0122 rad 9–31. sst = 24.3 MPa, scon = 3.53 MPa
8–26. g = 3.44(10 - 3) rad 9–33. sal = 27.5 MPa, sst = 79.9 MPa
8–27. gP = 0.0318 rad 9–34. sbr = 2.79 MPa, sst = 5.34 MPa
Pa 9–35. d = 58.9 mm
8–29. d =
2bhG 9–37. P = 126 kN
R8–1. Gal = 27.0 GPa 9–38. sst = 102 MPa, sbr = 50.9 MPa
R8–2. d′ = 12.4804 mm 9–39. scon = 12.1 MPa, sst = 83.2 MPa
R8–3. x = 1.53 m, d A′ = 30.008 mm 9 8
R8–5. P = 25.7 kN 9–41. FC = P, FA = P
17 17
R8–6. e = 1.02(10 - 3) mm>mm, e = 0 9(8ka + pd 2E)
R8–7. L = 254.167 mm 9–42. FC = c d P,
136ka + 18pd 2E
R8–9. Pb = 0.00227 mm>mm, Ps = 0.000884 mm>mm 64ka + 9pd E 2
R8–10. G = 5 MPa FA = a bP
136ka + 18pd 2E
9–43. y = FA = 20.5 kN, FB = 14.5 kN
Chapter 9
9–45. srod = 65.2 MPa, scyl = 7.51 MPa
9–1. dB = 2.93 mm T, dA = 3.55 mm T 9–46. u = 690°
9–2. dA>D = 3.46 mm away from end D Em Ef
9–47. sm = P, sf = P
9–3. sAB = 155 MPa (T), sBC = 299 MPa (C), nAfEf + AmEm nAfEf + AmEm
sCD = 179 MPa (C), dA>D = 0.0726 mm
towards end D.
9–49. FD = 20.4 kN, FA = 180 kN 10–17. d = 34.4 mm

9–50. P = 198 kN 10–18. T′ = 125 N # m, (tAB) max = 9.43 MPa,
9–51. sAB = sCD = 26.5 MPa, sEF = 33.8 MPa (tCD) max = 14.8 MPa
10–19. (tEA) max = 5.66 MPa, (tCD) max = 8.91 MPa
9–53. FD = 71.4 kN, FC = 329 kN
10–21. ti = 34.5 MPa, tO = 43.1 MPa
9–54. FD = 219 kN, FC = 181 kN 10–22. (tAB) max = 23.9 MPa, (tBC) max = 15.9 MPa
9–55. sBE = 96.3 MPa, sAD = 79.6 MPa, 10–23. d = 30 mm
sCF = 113 MPa 10–25. t max = 52.8 MPa
9–57. F = 4.20 kN 10–26. (t max )AB = 41.4 MPa, (t max )BC = 82.8 MPa
9–58. F = 2.49 kN 10–27. P = 308 N
9–59. FB = 183 kN, FA = 383 kN 10–29. abs
t max = 12.5 MPa
9–61. s = 134 MPa 10–30. t max = 3.44 MPa
9–62. F = 18.6 kN 10–31. t max = 48.6 MPa
9–63. s = 180 MPa 10–33. t = 2.3 mm
9–65. s = 120 MPa 10–34. v = 17.7 rad>s
9–66. d = 8.64 mm, F = 76.8 kN 10–35. tmax = 44.3 MPa, f = 11.9°
abs
9–67. dE = 0.2102 mm 10–37. t max = 10.2 MPa
9–69. F = 904 N 10–38. T = 5.09 kN # m, f A>C = 3.53°
9–70. T2 = 244 °C 10–39. T = 4.96 kN # m
9–71. sA = sB = 24.7 MPa, sC = 30.6 MPa 10–41. t max = 20.8 MPa, f = 4.77°
abs
9–73. FAB = FEF = 1.85 kN 10–42. t max = 24.3 MPa, f D>A = 0.929°
2E2 + E1 10–43. f B>D = 1.34°
9–74. d = a bw 10–45. t max = 64.0 MPa
31E2 + E1 2
abs
10–46. t max = 20.4 MPa,
R9–1. sb = 33.5 MPa, sr = 16.8 MPa
For 0 … x 6 0.5 m,
R9–2. T = 507° C
f(x) = 50.005432 (x2 + x) 6 rad
R9–3. FAB = FAC = FAD = 58.9 kN (C)
For 0.5 m 6 x … 1 m,
R9–5. FB = 8.53 kN, FA = 8.61 kN
f(x) = 5 -0.01086x2 + 0.02173x - 0.0040746 rad
R9–6. P = 19.8 kN
10–47. Use d = 22 mm, f A>D = 2.54°
R9–7. FB = 433 N, FC = 974 N
10–49. t max = 9.12 MPa, f E>B = 0.585°
10–50. t max = 14.6 MPa, f B>E = 1.11°
Chapter 10 10–51. f A = 1.57°
10–1. r′ = 0.841r 10–53. f A = 2.09°
10–2. r′ = 0.707r 10–54. k = 1.20(106) N>m2, f = 3.56°
10–3. T = 19.6 kN # m, T′ = 13.4 kN # m 10–55. k = 12.3(103) N>m2>3 , f = 2.97°
10–5. tB = 6.79 MPa, tA = 7.42 MPa 10–57. d t = 201 mm, f = 3.30°
10–6. abs
t max = 75.5 MPa 10–58. f C = 0.132°
10–7. t = 26.7MPa 10–59. t = 7.53 mm
max
f F>E = 0.999 ( 10 ) - 3 rad, f F>D = 0.999 (10) - 3 rad,
(T1) max = 2.37 kN # m, (t max )CD = 35.6 MPa,
10–61.
10–9.
tmax = 3.12 MPa
(t max )DE = 23.3 MPa
10–62. (tAC)max = 92.9 MPa
10–10. tabs = 44.8 MPa
max
abs
10–63. (tAC)max = 14.3 MPa, (tCB)max = 9.55 MPa
10–11. t max = 28.3 MPa, for 1.0 m 6 x 6 1.2 m,
abs 10–65. (tmax )AC = 68.2 MPa, (tmax )BC = 90.9 MPa
T = 4.34 kN # m, f A = 2.58°
t max = 0, at x = 0.700 m
10–66.
10–13. tAB = 62.5 MPa, tBC = 18.9 MPa
10–67. (tst)max = 86.5 MPa, (tmg)max = 41.5 MPa,
10–14. Use d = 40 mm
(tmg) r = 0.02 m = 20.8 MPa
10–15. Use tA = 9.43 MPa, tB = 14.1 MPa
10–69. abs
t max = 64.1 MPa 11–2. Ay = 48.2 kN, MA = 29.6 kN # m, ΣFx = 0; Ax = 0
10–70. f C = 0.142° V (kN)
(tst)max BC = 3.15 MPa, 53.0
(gst)max = 42(10 - 6) rad, 48.2
(tbr)max = 0.799 MPa,
(gbr)max = 21.0(10 - 6) rad 2.4
10–71. (t max )abs = 109 MPa 0 x (m)
24.5 3 3.9
10–73. (tAC)max = 9.55 MPa, (tCB)max = 6.37 MPa
TB = 22.2 N # m, TA = 55.6 N # m
219.5 222.0
10–74.
10–75. f E = 1.66° M (kN?m)
29.6
10–77. tabs
max = 93.1 MPa
37 152
10–78. TB = T, TA = T
189 189
7t 0L 3t 0L 2.4 3
0 x (m)
10–79. TB = , TA =
12 4 23.6 3.9
R10–1. Use d = 26 mm, f A>C = 2.11°
R10–2. Use d = 28 mm. 216.0
R10–3. t = 88.3 MPa, f = 4.50° .
11–3. x = 1.5, V = 0, M = 9, x = 4 - ,
R10–5. T = 331 N # m V = - 20, M = -16
R10–6. (tmax )AB = 31.5 MPa, (tmax )BC = 90.8 MPa 11–5. 4 kN
R10–7. P = 19.8 kN
R10–9. P = 1.10 kW, tmax = 825 kPa 2 kNm
Ax 0
Chapter 11 2m 2m 2m
11–1. 250 mm Ay 1 kN By 3 kN
800 mm (a)
A B V (kN)
1 4 6
31.5 kN 7.5 kN x (m)
24 kN 0 2
V (kN) 3
Shear diagram
7.5 (b)
x (m)
0.25 1.05 M (kNm)
24
6
4
M (kNm)
2
x (m)
0.25 1.05 0 2 4 6
x (m)
Moment diagram
6.0 (c)
11–6. V = 15.6 N, M = {15.6x + 100} N # m L M0

For 0 … x 6 , M = M0 - a bx,
L w0L w0L 2 L
11–7. For 0 … x 6 : V = ,M = x,
2 24 24 L M0
L w0 2 For 6x … L, M = - a bx
For 6 x … L: V = [L - 6(2x - L)2], 2 L
2 24L
w0 2 11–14. x = 1.5 - m, V = - 45 kN, x = 1.5 + m,
M = [L x - (2x - L)3], V = - 3.75 kN
24L
V x = 1.5 m, M = -33.75 kN # m, x = 3 - m
w0L M = -39.375 kN # m
x = 3 + m, M = 5.625 kN # m
24 0.704 L L
x
0
0.5 L
11–15. x = 0.45 - , V = 750, M = 337.5
11–17. V (kN)
5 wL
2 0 15
24
0 x (m)
4 6
M
0.0208 w0L2 0.0265 w0L2 M (kN?m)
60
x 0 x (m)
4 6
0.5 L 0.704 L L
230
11–9. T1 = 1125 N; T2 = 900 N
11–10. 0.9 m 1.5 m
11–18. 300(1.6) N
200 N
Ax 0.7 m
Ax 5 1468.78 N
5 4
3
Ay FB 6 kN 0.25 m 1.25 m
0.1 m 308 FBD 5 2937.56 N
V (kN) Ay 5 1864 N
V (N)
6
575
x (m) 200
0.9 2.4
0.1 0.35
x (m)
210 1.6
230
M (kN?m)
0.9 2.4 21894

x (m)
21969
M (N.m)
29.00
0.1 0.35 1.6

x (m)
11–11. x = 3a - , V = - P, M = - Pa
M0 21.50
11–13. V = - ,
L
2484
w0L 23w0L2 11–25. V = {50.0 - 5.625x2}kN,

M = {50.0x - 1.875x3} kN # m,
11–19. VA = , M max =
3 216
11–21. V (kN) V = - 40.0kN, M = {40.0(6 - x)} kN # m
11.5 V
11–26.
2.50
9
0 x (m) L
x
3 6 7.5 2.50
2.50
11.5
wL
M (kNm)
M
3.75
wL2
3
0 x (m) 2
6 7.5 9
21.0 x
L
11–22. 10 kN 10 kN
11–27.
M0 M0 M0
15 kNm M0 M0 M0
2m 2m 2m a a a
Ay 7.5 kN By 12.5 kN M0 a a aM0
3a M0 3a M0
(a)
3a 3a
V
V (kN) V
a 2a 3a
a 2a x
3a
7.5
2 4 6 M x
x (m) 3a0
0 M
2.5 3a0
36
12.5
Shear diagram M
5M
(b) M
3 05
M 4M
3 0
M (kNm) 3 04
M0 M
2M M0 3 0
15 M0 3 02 3 M0
10 M
3 0 3 x
a 2a 3a x
6
x (m) a 2a 3a
0 2 4
15
Moment diagram
(c)
11–23. VB = -45 kN, MB = - 63 kN # m
V M (kNm)
11–29.
7 w0L
15
36 10
x
6
w0L x (m)
w0L 0 2 4
18
4
0.707 L
15
Moment diagram
M
0.0345 w0L2 (c)
x
11–35. V (kN)
0.0617 w0L2 14.25

7.5
7.5
Mmax = 394 N # m
6 x (m)
11–30. 0
4.5
11–31. x = 2 + , V = - 14.5, M = 7 7.5
11–33. V (kN)
36 M (kNm)
2.7 3.3 11.25
0 x (m) 0 x (m)
0.3 1.5 4.5 6 7.5
236
M (kN?m) 54
32.4
10.8
10.8 11–37. V (kN)
10.0
0 x (m)
0.3 1.5 2.7 3.3 5.00 5.00
2
0 x (m)
1 3 4
11–34. 10 kN 10 kN
5.00
10.0
15 kNm M (kNm)
2m 2m 2m 2.50
Ay 7.5 kN By 12.5 kN 3 4
0 x (m)
(a) 1 2
V (kN)
7.50
7.5
2 4 6
x (m)
0
2.5
36
12.5
Shear diagram
(b)
11–38. V (N) 11–42. V (kN)

1000
400 2
5 6
0 x (m) 0 x (m)
2 4 1.5 3
400
M (kN?m)
M (Nm)
1.5 3
0 x (m)
2 200 23
0 x (m)
4 5 6 26
800 29
11–43. For 0 … x 6 3 m: V = 200 N, M = {200x} N # m,

2800
100 2
For 3 m 6 x … 6 m: V = e - x + 500 f N,
11–39. V (N) 3
x + 500x - 600 fN # m
100 3
M = e-
650 9
V (N)
1 2 3
0 x (m)
250 200 3.87 6

x (m)
0 3
M (Nm)
2700
650
400 M (N?m)
600 691
0 x (m)
1 2 3
0 x (m)
V (kN) 3 3.87 6
11–41.
112.5
11–45.
x
112.5
M (kNm)
169
x
11–61. FR = 21.1 kN
11–62. s max = 158 MPa
11–63. d = 86.3 mm
11–65. s max = 52.8 MPa
11–66. s = 80.6 MPa
11–67. d = 32.2 mm
11–69. (a) s max = 249 kPa,
(b) s max = 249 kPa
11–70. sA = 199 MPa, sB = 66.2 MPa
11–71. smax = 10.0 MPa
11–73. smax = 98.0 MPa
11–74. b = 53.1 mm
11–75. smax = 166 MPa
11–77. d o = 188 mm
d i = 151 mm
11–78. (smax)c = 120 MPa (C), (smax)t = 60 MPa (T)
11–79. w = 18.75 kN>m
11–81. a = 66.9 mm
23w0L2
11–82. s max =
36 bh2
11–83. s max = 119 MPa
11–85. (s max )t = 2.77 MPa, (s max )c = 3.84 MPa
11–86. P = 2.60 kN (Controls)
11–87. d = 0.1162 m = 116 mm
11–89. b = 346 mm, h = 490 mm, P = 647 kN
11–90. P = 498 kN
11–91. smax = 175 MPa
11–93. d = 410 mm
11–94. w = 937.5 N>m
11–95. sabs = 10.7 MPa
max
11–97. sA = -119 kPa, sB = 446 kPa, sD = -446 kPa,
sE = 119 kPa
MzIy + MyIyz
11–98. a = 0, b = - a b,
IyIz - I 2yz
11–46. a = 0.207L MyIz + MzIyz
11–47. smax = 2.06 MPa c =
IyIz - I 2yz
11–49. M = 13.5 kN # m
11–50. (st)max = 31.0 MPa, (sc)max = 14.8 MPa 11–99. y = 57.4 mm, sA = 1.30 MPa (C),
M′ sB = 0.587 MPa (T),
11–51. sca b = 84.6, a = -3.74°
M
r = 909 mm, M = 61.9 N # m
11–101. d = 62.9 mm
11–53.
11–54. smax = 148 MPa 11–102. smax = 163 MPa
11–55. FR = 200 kN 11–103. sA = 20.6 MPa (C)
11–57. M = 50.3 kN # m R11–1. smax = 11.1 MPa
M′ 2wL w 2 2wL w 3
11–58. = 74.4, R11–2. V = - x ,M = x - x
M 27 2L 27 6L
11–59. M = 15.6 kN # m, s max = 12.0 MPa R11–3. smax = 0.410 MPa
R11–5. V = {94 - 30x} kN, M = { - 15x2 + 94x 12–47. s = 216 mm, s′ = 30 mm

- 243.6} kN # m R12–1. VAB = 49.8 kN
M R12–2. V = 131 kN
R11–6. Case 1a2, ∆smax = 2.49 a b
a3 R12–3. qA = 0, qB = 1.21 kN>m, qc = 3.78 kN>m
R11–7. V 0 x = 600 mm- = - 233 N, M 0 x = 600 mm = - 50 N # m R12–5. V = 20.4 kN
R12–6. V = 3.73 kN
R12–7. V = 7.37 kN
Chapter 12 R12–9. tmax = 59.0 MPa
12–1. tA = 2.56 MPa
12–2. tmax = 3.46 MPa
Chapter 13
12–3. Vw = 19.0 kN
12–5. tmax = 3.91 MPa 13–1. t = 18.8 mm
13–2. r0 = 1.812 m
12–6. Vmax = 100 kN
13–3. Case (a): s1 = 8.33 MPa; s2 = 0
12–7. tmax = 17.9 MPa
Case (b): s1 = 8.33 MPa; s2 = 4.17 MPa
12–9. V = 141 kN 13–5. s1 = 7.07 MPa, s2 = 0
12–10. tmax = 35.9 MPa 13–6. P = 848 N
12–13. tB = 4.41 MPa 13–7. (a) s1 = 127 MPa,
12–14. t max = 4.85 MPa (b) s1′ = 79.1 MPa,
12–15. tC = 11.9 MPa, tD = 9.83 MPa, (c) (tavg)b = 322 MPa
12–17. VAB = 50.3 kN 13–9. t c = 40 mm, t s = 20 mm,
4 (Pb)allow = 122.72(103) N, ns = 308 bolts
12–18. The factor =
3 13–10. s = 0.833 m
12–19. t max = 4.22 MPa 13–11. sh = 3.15 MPa, sb = 66.8 MPa
12–21. P = 6.00 kN 13–13. sc = 19.7 MPa
12–22. tA = 1.99 MPa, tB = 1.65 MPa pr2i
12–23. t max = 4.62 MPa 13–14. dri =
E(ro - ri)
h E(r2 - r3)
12–25. L = 13–15. p =
4 r 22 r23
12–26. tmax = 2.55 MPa +
r2 - r1 r4 - r3
12–27. tmax = 22.0 MPa, 1tmax 2 s = 66.0 MPa pr pr
T T
12–29. tmax = 7.33 MPa 13–17. sfil = + , sw = -
t + t′w>L wt′ t + t′w>L Lt
12–30. tmax = 3.67 MPa
13–18. d = 66.7 mm
12–31. a = 102 mm
13–19. d = 133 mm
12–33. V = 499 kN
13–21. smax = 111 MPa(T)
12–34. V = 7.20 kN
13–22. sA = 23.8 MPa(C), tA = 0 (Since QA = 0)
12–35. V = 8.00 kN, s = 65.0 mm
13–23. sB = 51.8 MPa (T), tB = 0 (Since QB = 0)
12–37. s = 138 mm
13–25. Pmax = 128 kN
12–38. V = 172 kN
13–26. w = 79.7 mm
12–39. s = 34.3 mm
13–27. P = 109 kN
12–41. F = 12.5 kN
13–29. sD = 0, tD = 5.33 MPa, sE = 188 MPa, tE = 0
12–42. P = 11.4 kN (controls)
13–30. sA = 25 MPa (C), sB = 0, tA = 0, tB = 5 MPa
12–43. s = 71.3 mm
13–31. sA = 215 MPa (C), (txy)A = 0, (txz)A = 102 MPa
12–45. P = 3.67 kN
13–33. sA = 0.444 MPa (T), tA = 0.217 MPa
12–46. (tnail)avg = 119 MPa
13–34. A = 9.00 (10 - 3) m2, I = 82.8 (10 - 6) m, us = -34.1° and 55.9°, savg = 50.0 MPa
QB = 0, sB = 0.522 MPa (C), tB = 0 14–15. s1 = 53.0 MPa, s2 = -68.0 MPa, up1 = 14.9°,
13–35. sA = 70.0 MPa (C), sB = 10.0 MPa (C) up2 = -75.1°, tmax = 60.5 MPa,
in@plane
13–37. sA = 504 kPa (C), tA = 14.9 kPa
savg = -7.50 MPa, us = -30.1° and 59.9°
13–38. sA = 8.00 MPa (C), sB = 24.0 MPa (C)
14–17. s1 = 137 MPa, s2 = -86.8 MPa,
13–39. sA = 8.00 MPa (C), sB = 24.0 MPa (C),
up1 = -13.3°, up2 = 76.7°, tmax = 112 MPa,
sC = 8.00 MPa (C), sD = 8.00 MPa (T) in@plane
13–41. sE = 57.8 MPa, tE = 864 kPa us = 31.7° and 122°, savg = 25 MPa
13–42. sx = 37.0 MPa (C), (txy)A = - 7.32 MPa, 14–18. sx = 33.0 MPa, sy = 137 MPa, txy = -30 MPa
(txz)A = (tV)z = 0 14–19. s1 = 5.90 MPa, s2 = -106 MPa,
13–43. sB = 27.5 MPa (C), (txz)B = - 8.81 MPa, up1 = 76.7° and up2 = -13.3°,
(txy)B = 0 tmax = 55.9 MPa, savg = -50 MPa,
in@plane
13–45. T = 9.34 kN us = 31.7° and 122°
dmaxp 1 r40 - r 4i 2 14–21. ta = -1.96 MPa
13–46. P =
r 20 + r 2i + 4er0 s1 = 80.1 MPa, s2 = 19.9 MPa
13–47. sA = 224 MPa (T), (txz)A = - 30.7 MPa, 14–22. sx′ = -63.3 MPa, tx′y′ = 35.7 MPa
(txy)A = 0 14–23. s1 = 2.29 MPa, s2 = -7.20 kPa, up = -3.21°
14–25. s1 = 16.6 MPa, s2 = 0, tmax = 8.30 MPa
13–49. sC = 295 MPa (C), (txy)C = 25.9 MPa, in@plane
(txz)C = 0 14–26. s1 = 14.2 MPa, s2 = -8.02 MPa,
tmax = 11.1 MPa
13–50. (smax)t = 106 MPa, (smax)c = - 159 MPa in@plane
13–51. Pmax = 9.08 kN 14–27. s1 = 6.92 MPa, s2 = -10.3 MPa,
13–53. sB = 3.82 MPa(C), (txy)B = 3.46 MPa, (txz)B = 0 tmax = 8.62MPa
in@plane
R13–1. e = c>4
14–29. Point A: s1 = sy = 0, s2 = sx = -30.5 MPa,
R13–2. sE = 802 kPa, tE = 69.8 kPa
Point B: s1 = 0.541 MPa, s2 = -1.04 MPa,
R13–3. sF = 695 kPa (C), tA = 31.0 kPa
up1 = -54.2°, up2 = 35.8°
R13–5. smax = 2.12 MPa(C)
14–30. tx′y′ = 160 kPa
R13–6. u = 0.286°
14–31. sx′ = -191 kPa
R13–7. sC = 93.7 MPa(T), tC = 0, sD = 187 MPa (C),
14–33. Point A: s1 = 37.8 kPa, s2 = -10.8 MPa
tD = 0
Point B: s1 = 42.0 MPa, s2 = -10.6 kPa
14–34. s1 = 6.38 MPa, s2 = -0.360 MPa,
Chapter 14 (up)1 = 13.4°, (up)2 = 26.71°
14–35. tmax = 3.37 MPa, us = -31.6°, 58.4°,
in@plane
14–2. sx′ = 31.4 MPa, tx′y′ = 38.1 MPa
14–3. sx′ = -3.48 MPa, tx′y′ = 4.63 MPa savg = 3.01 MPa
14–5. sx′ = 49.7 MPa, tx′y′ = - 34.8 MPa 14–37. s1 = sx = 245 MPa, s2 = sy = 0,
14–6. sx′ = -678 MPa, tx′ y′ = 41.5 MPa tmax = 122 MPa, us = -45° and 45°,
in@plane
14–7. sx′ = -61.5 MPa, tx′y′ = 62.0 MPa
savg = 122 MPa
14–9. sx′ = 36.0 MPa, tx′y′ = - 37.0 MPa
14–38. s1 = sy = 0, s2 = sx = -188 MPa,
14–10. sx′ = 36.0 MPa, tx′y′ = - 37.0 MPa
14–11. sx′ = 47.5 MPa, sy′ = 202 MPa,
tmax = 93.8 MPa, us = 45° and 135°,
in@plane
tx′y′ = -15.8 MPa savg = - 93.8 MPa
14–13. sx′ = -62.5 MPa, tx′y′ = - 65.0 MPa
14–39. s1 = 198 MPa, s2 = -1.37 MPa
14–14. s1 = 319 MPa, s2 = - 219 MPa, up1 = 10.9°,
14–41. s1 = 111 MPa, s2 = 0
up2 = -79.1°, tmax = 269 MPa
in@plane 14–42. s1 = 2.40 MPa, s2 = -6.68 MPa
14–43. sx′ = 31.4 MPa, tx′y′ = 38.1 MPa 14–71. s1 = s2 = 35 MPa

14–45. sx′ = - 678 MPa, tx′y′ = 41.5 MPa 14–73. sx′ = 470 kPa, tx′y′ = 592 kPa
14–46. sx′ = 47.5 MPa, tx′ y′ = - 15.8 MPa, 14–74. s1 = 1.15 MPa, s2 = -0.0428 MPa
sy′ = 202 MPa 14–75. s1 = 40.2 MPa, s2 = -0.224 MPa
14–47. s1 = 53.0 MPa, s2 = - 68.0 MPa, min 5 300 max 5 400
up1 = 14.9° counterclockwise, tmax = 60.5 MPa, 14–77.
in@plane
savg = - 7.50 MPa, us1 = 30.1° clockwise
14–50. savg = - 40.0 MPa, s1 = 32.1 MPa,
s2 = -112 MPa, up1 = 28.2°, tmax = 72.1 MPa, int 5 0
(MPa)
in@plane
us = -16.8°
abs 5 350
14–51. sx′ = - 5.71 MPa, tx′y′ = - 4.50 MPa, max
sy′ = 8.71 MPa

14–53. (a) R = 50 kPa, (b) R = 2 MPa, (c) R = 40 MPa
14–54. sx′ = - 299 MPa, tx′y′ = 551 MPa, (MPa)
sy′ = - 11.1 MPa (a)
14–55. savg = 60.0 MPa, s1 = 117 MPa,
14–78. sInt = 0, smax = 137 MPa,
s2 = 3.43 MPa, tmax = - 56.6 MPa, us = 22.5°,
in@plane smin = -46.8 MPa, tabs
max
= 91.8 MPa,
up1 = 22.5° (clockwise) 14–79. smax = 158 MPa, smin = -8.22 MPa,
14–57. s1 = 64.1 MPa, s2 = - 14.1 MPa, uP = 25.1°, sint = 0 MPa, tabs = 83.2 MPa
savg = 25.0 MPa, tmax = 39.1 MPa, us = - 19.9° max
in@plane
14–81. sint = 0, s max = 7.06 MPa
14–58. uP = - 14.9°, s1 = 227 MPa, s2 = - 177 MPa, s min = -9.06 MPa
tmax = 202 MPa, savg = 25 MPa, us = 30.1° tabs = 8.06 MPa
in@plane max
14–59. s1 = 88.1 MPa, s2 = - 13.1 MPa, uP =
14–83. smax = 6.73 kPa, sint = 0, smin = -4.23 kPa,
40.7°(clockwise),tmax = 50.6 MPa, savg = tabs = 5.48 kPa
in@plane
max
37.5 MPa, us = 4.27° (counterclockwise)
14–85. Px′ = 248(10 - 6), gx′y′ = -233(10 - 6),
14–61. sx′ = 19.5 kPa, tx′y′ = - 53.6 kPa
Py′ = -348(10 - 6)
14–62. s1 = 29.9 MPa, s2 = - 17.1 MPa, 14–86. Px′ = 55.1(10 - 6), gx′y′ = 133(10 - 6),
tmax = R = 23.5 MPa,
in@plane Py′ = 325(10 - 6)
14–63. sx′ = 75.3 kPa, tx′y′ = - 78.5 kPa 14–87. Px′ = 325(10 - 6), gx′y′ = -133(10 - 6),
14–65. s1 = 7.52 MPa, s2 = 0, Py′ = 55.1(10 - 6)
tmax = 3.76 MPa, 14–89. Px′ = -116(10 - 6), Py′ = 466(10 - 6),
in-plane
us = 45° (counterclockwise) gx′y′ = 393(10 - 6)
14–66. savg = 5 MPa, s1 = 88.8 MPa, s2 = - 78.8 MPa, 14–90. Px′ = 466(10 - 6), Py′ = -116(10 - 6),
uP = 36.3° (counterclockwise), tmax = 83.8 MPa, gx′y′ = -393(10 - 6)
in@plane
us = 8.68° (clockwise) 14–91. P1 = 385(10 - 6), P2 = 195(10 - 6),
14–67. s1 = 257 MPa, s2 = - 163 MPa up1 = 54.2°, up1 = -35.8°,
14–69. s1 = 32.5 MPa, s2 = - 0.118 MPa, g max = 190 ( 10 - 6 ) ,
in@plane
(up)1 = 3.44° (counterclockwise) us = 9.22° and - 80.8°, Pavg = 290 ( 10 - 6 )
14–70. s1 = 0.929 kPa, s2 = - 869 kPa
14–93. (a) P1 = 713(10 - 6), P2 = 36.6(10 - 6), up1 = 133°, 14–118. s1 = 58.6 MPa, s2 = 43.8 MPa
(b) g max = 677(10 - 6), Pavg = 375(10 - 6), 14–119. sx = sy = -487 MPa, sz = -385 MPa
in@plane
14–121. ∆T = 36.9 °C
us = -2.12°
14–122. wy = -184 N>m, wx = 723 N>m
14–94. Px′ = 649 ( 10 - 6 ) , gx′y′ = - 85.1 ( 10 - 6 ) , 14–123. E = 67.7 GPa, v = 0.355,
Py′ = 201 ( 10 - 6 ) G = 25.0 GPa
14–95. Px′ = - 365 ( 10 - 6 ) , gx′y′ = - 271 ( 10 - 6 ) , R14–1. s1 = 26.4 kPa, s2 = -26.4 kPa,
Py′ = - 35.0 ( 10 -6
) up1 = -45°; up2 = 45°
-6 -6
14–97. P1 = 368(10 ), P2 = 182(10 ), R14–2. sx′ = -22.9 kPa, tx′y′ = -13.2 kPa
up1 = -52.8° and up2 = 37.2°, w L 2 5 L 2 3
-6
R14–3. ∆ tot = a ba b c a ba b + d,
g max = 187(10 ), us = - 7.76° and 82.2°, G a 96 a 20
in@plane
5w L 4
Pavg = 275 (10 - 6) ∆b = a b
96G a
14–99. P1 = 114(10 - 6), P2 = - 314(10 - 6),
R14–6. da = 0.367 mm, db = -0.255 mm,
(up)1 = 79.7°, (up)2 = - 10.3°, dt = -0.00167 mm,
g max = 427 ( 10 - 6 ) ,
in@plane R14–7. emax = 554(10 - 6), eint = 370(10 - 6),
us = 34.7° and 125°, Pavg = - 100 ( 10 -6
) emim = -924(10 - 6)
14–101. Px′ = 325(10 - 6), gx′y′ = - 133(10 - 6), R14–9. Pavg = 83.3110-6 2, P1 = 880110-6 2,
-6
Py′ = 55.1(10 ) P2 = -713110-6 2, up = 54.8° (clockwise),
14–102. Px′ = 77.4 ( 10 -6
) , gx′y′ = 1279 ( 10 ) ,
-6
g max = -1593110-6 2,
-6 in-plan
Py′ = 383(10 ) us = 9.78° (clockwise)
14–103. Pavg = 290 ( 10-6 ) , P1 = 385 ( 10-6 ) ,
P2 = 195 ( 10-6 ) , uP1 = 54.2° (counterclockwise),
g max = 190 ( 10 - 6 ) , Chapter 15
in@plane
us = 9.22° (counterclockwise) 15–1. = 211 mm, h = 264 mm
b
14–105. (a) P1 = 733(10 - 6), P2 = 76.8(10 - 6), 15–2. Use W310 * 39
g abs = 773(10 - 6),
(b) g max = 696(10 - 6), (c) max 15–3. Use W360 * 79
in@plane
15–5. Use W310 * 24
14–106. P1 = 870 ( 10 - 6 ) , P2 = 405 ( 10 - 6 ) ,
15–6. Use W250 * 18, Use W150 * 14
g max = 465(10 - 6), gabs = 870(10 - 6)
in@plane max
15–7. Use W360 * 33
14–107. P1 = 946 ( 10 - 6 ) , P2 = 254 ( 10 - 6 ) , 15–9. Use W360 * 45
g max = 693(10 - 6), gabs = 946(10 - 6) 15–10. Yes, it can.
in@plane max 15–11. w = 3.02 kN>m,
14–111. Ecu = 106 GPa, ecu = 0.282 (103) sends = 16.7 mm,
smid = 50.2 mm
14–113. s1 = 71.6 MPa, s2 = 51.6 MPa
12 My 12 vMy 15–13. b = 393 mm
14–114. sz = - , Py = , 15–14. Use W410 * 46
bh3 Ebh3
3vM 15–15. Yes, it can support the load. Use S = 95 mm,
∆LAB = , Use S′ = 145 mm, Use S″ = 290 mm
2Ebh
6vM 15–17. P = 103 kN
∆LCD =
Eh2 15–18. w = 24.8 kN>m
14–115. p = 3.43 MPa, tmax = 0, tabs = 85.7 MPa 15–19. No, the beam fails due to bending
in@plane max stress criteria.
14–117. P = 58.2 kN, gxy = 0.158 (10 - 3) rad
15–21. P = 6.24 kN Px1

16–17. v1 = 1 -x21 + L2 2 ,
15–22. a = 106 mm, s = 44.3 mm 12EI
15–23. Use h = 230 mm P
v2 = 1 -4x32 + 7L2x2 - 3L3 2 ,
15–25. Yes 24EI
PL3
vmax =
Chapter 16 8EI
c 3PL2 PL3
16–1. s max = E = 100 MPa 16–18. uA = - , vC = -
r 8EI 6EI
16–2. m = 47.8 kg 11PL3

16–19. vB = -
16–3. s = 582 MPa 48EI
16–5. vC = -6.11 mm 16–21. vmax = -11.5 mm
M0 L
16–6. umax = - , 16–22. umax = 0.00508 rad umax,
EI
M0 x 2 vmax = 10.1 mmT
A, v1 =
v = - , 4M0L M0
2EI ( -x31 + L2x1 ) ,
16–23. uC =
M0 L2 3EI 6EIL
vmax = - M0
2EI ( -3Lx22 + 8L2x2 - 5L3 ) ,
v2 =
16–7. r = 100 m, 6EIL
M0 L 5M0L2
umax = , vC = -
EI 6EI
M0 L2 wL w
vmax = - 16–25. M(x1) = - x , M(x2) = - x22,
2EI 8 1 2
P 11wL4
16–9. v1 = (2x3 - 3Lx21), vC = T
12EI 1 384EI
PL2 2wL4
v2 = ( -6x2 + L) 16–26. v max = T
48EI
Ebt 3
wax1 2gL 3
16–10. v1 = ( 2x2 - 9ax1 ) , 16–27. uA = 2 ,
12EI
3t E
w gL4
v2 = ( - x42 + 28a3x2 - 41a4 ) , vA = - 2
24EI
2t E
wa3 41wa4
uC = - , vB = - wa3
EI 24EI 16–29. uB = - ,
6EI
wax1
16–11. v1 = ( 2x2 - 9ax1 ) , v1 =
w
( -x41 + 4ax31 - 6a2x21 ) ,
12EI 24EI
w
v3 = ( - x43 + 8a x33 - 24a2x23 + 4a3x3 - a4 ) , wa3
24EI v2 = ( - 4x2 + a),
24EI
7wa3 7wa4
uB = - , vC = - wa3
6EI 12EI vB = ( - 4L + a)
24EI
M0a 5M0a2
16–13. uA = - , vmax = - wa3 wx21
2EI 8EI 16–30. uB = - , v1 = ( -x21 + 4ax1 - 6a2 ) ,
3 6EI 24EI
3PL wa3 wa3
16–14. vmax = - v2 = (4x3 + a - 4L), vB = (a - 4L)
256EI 24EI 24EI
0.00652 w0L4 1 Pb 3 P(a + b) Pab
16–15. v max = T 16–31. v = c- x +
3
8x - a9 + xd
EI EI 6a 6a 6
Pa 1 1
16–33. E = (3L2 - 4a2) 16–57. vA = PL3 a + bT
24∆I 12EI 8GJ
P 16–58. ∆ G = 169 mmT
16–34. v = 3 - 28x - a9 3 + 48x - 2a9 3 + a2x 4 ,
12EI 16–59. F = 0.349 N, a = 0.800 mm
0.106Pa3 3Pa3 16–61. By = 550 N, Ay = 125 N, Cy = 125 N
(vmax)AB = , vC = -
EI 4EI 5wL 3wL
16–62. Ax = 0, By = , Cy =
1 10 4 8
16–35. v = c 3.75x3 - 8x - 1.59 3 5 wL 7
EI 3 16–63. By = wL c , Cy = T, Ay = wL c
1 8 16 16
- 0.6258x - 39 4 + 8x - 39 5 - 77.625x d ,
24 16–65. Ax = 0; By = 175 kN; Ay = 75.0 kN;
v max = 11.0 mmT MA = 75.0 kN # m
M0 L 2 2 2 7P 3P PL
16–37. v = J3h x - i - 3h x - L i - Lx R , 16–66. Ax = 0, By = , Ay = , MA =
6EI 3 3 4 4 4
5M0L2 7wL 57wL 9wL2
vmax = - 16–67. Ax = 0, By = , Ay = , MA =
72EI 128 128 128
1 1 1
16–38. v = [4.1667x3 - 58x - 29 3 - 2.58x - 49 3 - 16–69. MA = MB = PL, Ay = By = P,
EI 24 6
93.333x], vmax = 13.3 mmT 1
Cy = Dy = P, Dx = 0
16–39. vmax = -12.9 mm 3
16–41. (vmax)AB = 2.10 mm c 3wA2E2L41
16–70. TAC =
378 kN # m2 359 kN # m2 8 ( 3E1I1L2 + A2E2L31 )
16–42. uA = - , uB = ,
EI EI PL 2EI PL3 aL
874 kN m # 3 16–71. M =
8
-
L
a, ∆ max =
192EI
+
4
vC =
EI 72∆EI 1>4
210 kN # m3 16–73. a = L - a
w0
b
16–43. uA =
EI 1
720 kN # m3 R16–1. v =
EI
[ - 150x3 + 2318x - 0.39 3 -58.3
vC =
EI 8x - 0.69 3 + 121x - 32.2]N # m3
16–45. ∆ C = 13.1 mmT
(22.2x31 + 2x1)N # m3,
1
16–46. uB = 0.0486 rad, ∆ B = 134 mm R16–2. v1 =
EI
wa3
( -22.2x 23 + 2x 2)N # m3
16–47. uC = 1
6EI v2 =
EI
wa4
∆C = T w0L2 w0L2
8EI R16–3. MB = , MA =
30 20
vC = 11.1 mm
16–49. ∆ C = 23.2 mT wL4
R16–5. (v2)max =
16–50. uB = 0.00722 rad, ∆ C = 13.3 mmT 1823EI
3.29 N # m2 0.3125 N # m3 w0 L4
16–51. uA = ,(∆ A)v = T R16–6. vA = T
EI EI Eth30
Pa2(3b + a) R16–7. FCD = 6.06 kN
16–53. ∆A =
3EI R16–9. { ΣFx = 0; Cx = 0
16–54. 25.3 mm By = 31.6 kN
1 L MC = 35.7 kN # m
16–55. v = PL2 a + b Cy = 22.4 kN
k 3EI
Chapter 17 wEI L P
17–41. Mmax = - c sec a b - 1d
5kL P 2 B EI
17–1. Pcr =
4 F EI L P
17–42. Mmax = - tan a b
17–2. Pcr = kL 2 BP 2 B EI
4k p2EI
17–3. Pcr = 17–43. Pcr =
L 4L2
17–5. Pcr = 1.84 MN 17–46. P = 31.4 kN
17–6. Pcr = 902 kN 17–47. s max = 48.0 MPa
17–7. F.S. = 2.03 17–49. L = 8.34 m
17–9. Pcr = 1.30 MN 17–50. P = 3.20 MN, vmax = 70.5 mm
17–10. Pcr = 325 kN 17–51. P = 31.4 kN
17–11. Pcr = 88.1 kN 17–53. The column is adequate.
17–13. W = 5.24 kN, d = 1.64 m 17–54. 268 kN (controls)
17–14. P = 29.9 kN 17–55. Yes
17–15. P = 42.8 kN 17–57. P = 320 kN (controls)
17–17. F.S = 4.23 17–58. P = 334 kN
17–18. scr = 345 MPa (No!) 17–59. Pcr = 83.5 kN
17–19. ∆T = 303 °C 17–61. s max = 130 MPa
17–21. Pcr = 13.7 kN 17–62. L = 1.71 m
17–22. Pcr = 28.0 kN 17–63. P = 174 kN, vmax = 16.5 mm
17–23. Use d = 46 mm R17–1. a = 103 mm
17–25. P = 28.4 kN 2k
R17–2. Pcr =
17–26. P = 14.5 kN L
17–27. w = 5.55 kN>m R17–3. Pcr = 12.1 kN
17–29. Use d = 62 mm. R17–5. Pallow = 89.0 kN
17–30. Use d = 52 mm. R17–6. Pcr = 199 kN, e = 175 mm
17–31. P = 13.5 kN R17–7. t = 5.92 mm
17–33. No R17–9. Pallow = 77.2 kN
17–34. w = 1.17 kN>m R17–10. It does not buckle or yield.
17–35. P = 286 kN
17–37. P = 103 kN
17–38. P = 46.5 kN
17–39. P = 110 kN

Hibbeler Statics and Mechanics of Materials Global Ed Sol

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Hibbeler Statics and Mechanics of Materials Global Ed Sol

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Preliminary Problems Solutions

P2–9. a. P3–3. a. Mx = -(100 N)(3 m) = -300 N # m

Mz = -(200 N)(1 m) = -200 N # m

+ a b(500 N)(2 m) = -2000 N # m

+ (F ) = ΣF ; c. + TFR = ΣFz;

(MR)y = ΣMy; 400 N

- (200 N)(2 m) - (100 N)(2 m) Ax

b. Assume B slips on C and C does not slip. Assume slipping, F = 0.3(200 N) = 60 N

20 N (100 N)(x) - (40 N)(1 m) = 0

P5–2. a. b. CB is a two-force member.

FHG  0 FEF  0 600 N

P9–4. 200 Nm

Q = y′A′ = (0.15 m) (0.3 m) (0.1 m) = 4.5(10 - 3) m3

Q = y′A′ = (0.2 m) (0.1 m) (0.5 m) = 0.01 m3

P12–1f. 100 Nm

Chapter 13 300 N 600 Nm

F2–3. FR = 26002 + 8002 - 2(600)(800) cos 60°

= 721.11 N = 721 N Ans. u = 180° + f = 180° + 78.68° = 259° Ans.

= (840 N) 1 37i - 27j - 67k 2

F2–17. Fz = (750 N) sin 45° = 530.33 N = (3 kN) 1 - 13 i + 23 j - 23 k 2

= 5 - 2.10i + 1.05j - 0.7k6 kN

F2 = [(800 N) cos 45°] cos 30° i

= 5489.90i + 282.84j - 565.69k6 N u = cos -1 (uAO # uF) = 57.7° Ans.

rAB = 2( - 2 m)2 + (1 m)2 + (2 m)2 = 3 m Ans. uOA # j = uOA(1) cos u

54 i + 1 j - 6 k6m F3–7. a +(MR)O = ΣFd;

a +MO = (6 kN)[1.5 m + (1 m)cos 45° - 0.3 m]

F3–12. FR = F1 + F2 rAB 5 -4i + 3j6m

F3–18. Scalar Analysis

1 0 0 The magnitudes of the force components are

r1 { - 2i + 2j + 3.5k} m a+MAR = ΣMA;

F3–30. F1 = 5 - 100j6 N + c (FR)y = ΣFy;

= 12.5 kN Ans. = 800 N  Ans.

(FR)y = 200 + 50 cos 30° - 100 1 45 2 FR = 200 + 200 + 100 + 100

(FR)x = 15 1 45 2 = 12 kN S F3–37. + c FR = ΣFy;

F3–39. + c FR = ΣFy; F4–3. a+ ΣMA = 0;

a+ ΣMA = 0; By(3) - 5 1 45 2 (1.5) - 3 = 0

a + ΣMB = 0; 5 1 45 2 (1.5) - 3 - Ay(3) = 0

F4–7. ΣMx′ = 0; - 450 N(0.6 m + 0.6 m) = 0

F4–9. ΣFy = 0; 400 N + Cy = 0; F4–12. ΣFx = 0; Ax = 0 Ans.

ΣFx = 0; 1400 N + ( -900 N) + Ax = 0 F = 160 N

Cy(0.4 m + 0.6 m) = 0 Cy = 0 Ans. F = 320 N

ΣFy = 0; Ay + 0 = 0 Ay = 0 Ans. F 7 Fmax = μs N = 0.3(730.5) = 219.15 N

F4–14. a + ΣMB = 0; F4–19. A will not move. Assume B is about to slip on C

+ c ΣFy = 0; NB + P sin 30° - 50(9.81) = 0 + QΣFx = 0; T + μs 1W cos u2 - W sin u = 0

NB = 490.5 - 0.5P T = W sin u - μs W cos u(1)

a+ ΣMA = 0; 490.510.62 - T cos 60°10.3 cos 60° + 0.62

Joint B. F5–6. Joint C.

+ c ΣFy = 0; F5–13. + c ΣFy = 0; 3P - 30(9.81) = 0

26.25 kN(2 m) - FGF cos 26.57°(2 m) = 0

F7–6. Entire beam:

F7–7. Beam: F7–11.

F7–14. Entire frame: F7–19. Eyebolt:

F7–15. Center plate, bolts have double shear:

F7–23. Shear plane F7–26. 600 mm 600 mm

a+ ΣMB = 0; (5)(3)(2) - Ay(3) = 0 Ay = 5.00 kN

Use d = 5 mm.  Ans.

Chapter 8 Since s 7 sY = 450 MPa, Hooke’s Law is not

a + ΣMA = 0; 942.48(0.4) - P(0.6) = 0

P = 628.31 N = 628 N Ans. 1

NL [60(103)](0.8) TrB 5(103)(0.03)

Internal torque in segment AB, F11–2. 9 kN

T(x) = (25x)(103)(x) = 12.5(103)x2 N # m

[25 (103)(0.6)](0.6) = 4500 N # m

FHG 0 FEF 0 600 N

P9–4. 200 Nm

P12–1f. 100 Nm

Chapter 13 300 N 600 Nm

= 721.11 N = 721 N Ans. u = 180° + f = 180° + 78.68° = 259° Ans.

= 5489.90i + 282.84j - 565.69k6 N u = cos -1 (uAO # uF) = 57.7° Ans.

rAB = 2( - 2 m)2 + (1 m)2 + (2 m)2 = 3 m Ans. uOA # j = uOA(1) cos u

= 12.5 kN Ans. = 800 N Ans.

F4–9. ΣFy = 0; 400 N + Cy = 0; F4–12. ΣFx = 0; Ax = 0 Ans.

Cy(0.4 m + 0.6 m) = 0 Cy = 0 Ans. F = 320 N

ΣFy = 0; Ay + 0 = 0 Ay = 0 Ans. F 7 Fmax = μs N = 0.3(730.5) = 219.15 N

F4–14. a + ΣMB = 0; F4–19. A will not move. Assume B is about to slip on C

NB = 490.5 - 0.5P T = W sin u - μs W cos u(1)

Use d = 5 mm. Ans.

Chapter 8 Since s 7 sY = 450 MPa, Hooke’s Law is not

P = 628.31 N = 628 N Ans. 1

a + ΣMO = 0; M + 9x = 0 M = {-9x} kN # m

= 0.008952 rad = 0.513° Ans. 3

F11–9. Consider two vertical rectangles and a horizontal

- 800(103) [20(103)](0.15) [35(103)](0.15) = 10.7 MPa Ans.

N = 1000 N, V = 800 N (tzy)A = 47.746 + 1.061 = 48.8 MPa Ans.

b = 0.1036 m = 103.6 mm Ans.

F17–4. w = 11.215(103) N>m = 11.2 kN>m Ans.

0.0617 w0L2 14.25

250 200 3.87 6