Struggling with your Ct Enterography Thesis?

Writing a thesis is undoubtedly challenging, especially

when it comes to complex medical topics like Ct Enterography. From gathering relevant literature to
conducting thorough research and presenting your findings in a coherent manner, the process can be
overwhelming. Add to that the pressure of meeting deadlines and adhering to academic standards,
and it's no wonder many students find themselves in need of assistance.

Fortunately, there's ⇒ HelpWriting.net ⇔. Our team of experienced writers specializes in medical

and healthcare-related topics, including Ct Enterography. Whether you're stuck at the brainstorming
stage or grappling with the intricacies of data analysis, our experts are here to lend a hand. We
understand the importance of producing a high-quality thesis that meets the expectations of your
academic institution, and we're committed to helping you achieve your goals.

When you choose ⇒ HelpWriting.net ⇔, you can rest assured that your thesis is in good hands.
Our writers are highly qualified professionals with extensive experience in their respective fields.
They will work closely with you to understand your unique requirements and deliver a customized
solution that meets your needs. Whether you need assistance with research, writing, editing, or
formatting, we've got you covered.

Don't let the stress of writing your Ct Enterography Thesis weigh you down. Let ⇒ HelpWriting.net
⇔ take the reins and guide you to academic success. With our expert assistance, you can submit a
well-crafted thesis that showcases your knowledge and expertise in the field. Place your order today
and take the first step towards earning your degree.
In volumetric datasets from CT and MR enterography, the findings are unmistakable, but they are
often overlooked. Small arrows ( a ) show ileocecal valve, which is located within a haustral fold in
the cecum Mural Findings Mural hyperenhancement is generally seen in the presence of mural
thickening, and it is a nonspecific sign of inflammation or altered perfusion. Axial images
demonstrate normal caliber superior mesenteric vein at the level of pancreatic head ( b, arrow ) that
becomes diminutive inferiorly at the level of transverse duodenum ( c, arrow ). Results A good
tolerance of all patients with oral contrast intake was noted, and all tests have been completed,
totaling 34 studies. Coronal liver images show mild intrahepatic biliary dilation ( b, large arrow )
extending inferiorly into the right lobe ( b, small arrow ) with periductal perfusion abnormalities ( b,
oval ), suggesting cholangitis. However, in its most part, the small intestine cannot be evaluated by
this method. The principles of design are for the artist to direct the viewer. Have a discussion about
this risk with your healthcare professional. Angiodysplasia. Axial (a) and coronal reformatted (b) CT
enterographic sections demonstrate a tuftlike area of enhancement in the medial cecal wall (arrow), a
finding suggestive of angiodysplasia. The findings of CT enterography were then correlated with the
clinical findings obtained through the questionnaire on the disease. If the involvement of cecal
appendix (14%) is included, a clear predominance of involvement in the ileocecal transition will be
noted, according to the literature. Submucosal fat deposition in longstanding Crohn disease. They
appear as small or round intramural lesions, usually best seen in the enteric phase of enhancement.
Introduction to Radar Basic Operating Principles Reflectivity Products Doppler Principles Velocity
Products Non-Meteorological Targets Summary. The main clinical manifestations in our patients
were diarrhea and abdominal pain. Moreover, these authors compared these changes versus surgical
evaluation of patients undergoing resection due to CD, and found a good clinical and radiological
correlation. As the tumor infiltrates through the vessel wall, typical patterns of metastatic
lymphadenopathy are seen (Fig. 4.10 ). Neuroendocrine mesenteric and nodal metastases will often
cluster along the regional mesenteric vessels and eventually cause vascular compromise. ACE-related
angioedema is usually seen in women and may or may not be associated with first exposure to an
ACE inhibitor. Jejunal or ileal diverticulitis can occur when a diverticulum becomes inflamed or
perforated (Fig. 4.18 ). Meckel’s diverticulum is a frequent cause of obscure gastrointestinal
bleeding in young and middle-aged patients. Biopsy at ileoscopy showed active and chronic ileitis
Fig. 4.4 Typical findings of jejunal Crohn’s disease in 18-year-old Crohn’s patient with asymmetric
thickening and hyperenhancement of multiple loops ( a, arrows ). The “comb sign” ( a, brackets )
refers to engorged vasa that enter the small bowel or colon at a right angle ( a, bracket ). Patients
diagnosed with Crohn's disease, aged over 18 years, and already evaluated by colonoscopy were
included. Eventually, liver metastases will develop. Fig. 4.9 Multiphase CT enterography performed
for obscure GI bleeding demonstrates an enhancing ileal tumor ( a, arrows ). Method The study was
approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul. Axial CT
enterographic section shows abnormally low attenuation of the bowel wall (arrow-heads), a finding
consistent with submucosal fat deposition. They are frequently multiple and are generally
underestimated by CT compared to endoscopy. Celiac sprue typically manifests as normally
enhancing jejunal loops that have lost valvulae conniventes due to villous atrophy, usually with fold
reversal (or increased number of folds) in the ileum (Fig. 4.6 ). Hypoenhancing bowel can be a
worrisome finding for ischemia, and when pneumatosis is present, infarction is often present. TCD
and TCDI Principles. Objectives. List clinical applications for TCD Identify the architecture of the
Circle of Willis Recognize data used for TCD interpretation Describe advantages of TCD imaging.
Chronic perianal fistulas and anovaginal fistulas are often not seen at CTE. Fig. 4.19 Patient with
history of indeterminate colitis underwent CT enterography showing pancolitis with patulous
ileocecal valve ( a ), characteristic of ulcerative colitis. Methods The patients evaluated were
submitted to a questionnaire on the clinical manifestations of the disease and an CT enterography
was obtained.
Afifi et al. 13 also observed these key findings in patients with active Crohn's disease. Axial CT
enterographic section shows mucosal hyperenhancement (black arrow) and mural stratification (white
arrow) of the terminal ileum, an appearance that contrasts markedly with that of nondiseasedileal
segments Axial CT enterographic section from another patient shows mesenteric hypervascularity
(arrowheads) adjacent to the involved bowel segment. Note: some patients presented more than one
clinical manifestation. (0.14MB). Twenty-five patients (73.5%) were under pharmacological
treatment. Patients with non-rotation and intermittent small bowel volvulus often present for
outpatient imaging when the small bowel volvulus has resolved. The scans were interpreted by a
single radiologist with extensive experience in CT enterography; this professional was blinded to
clinical information at his workstation. Diarrhea and weight loss were observed in 19 (55%) patients.
Coronal liver images show mild intrahepatic biliary dilation ( b, large arrow ) extending inferiorly
into the right lobe ( b, small arrow ) with periductal perfusion abnormalities ( b, oval ), suggesting
cholangitis. Results The mean age was 40 years, with a predominance of women. Or, they can
exceed the weight restriction for the moving table, which is typically 450 pounds. In this study,
these changes were observed in 88% of patients. The main clinical manifestations are diarrhea in 24
(70%), hematochezia in 19 (55%), abdominal pain in 29 (85%) and weight loss in 22 (64%) patients.
Patients diagnosed with Crohn's disease, aged over 18 years, and already evaluated by colonoscopy
were included. For all open access content, the Creative Commons licensing terms apply. Imaging
findings felt to represent benign pneumatosis potentially due to pseudo-obstruction or multiple prior
enteroenteric anastomoses Mural thickening is generally considered to be present when greater than 3
mm in a distended bowel segment. The findings of CT enterography were then correlated with the
clinical findings obtained through the questionnaire on the disease. Coronal and sagittal
reconstructions were obtained. Celiac sprue typically manifests as normally enhancing jejunal loops
that have lost valvulae conniventes due to villous atrophy, usually with fold reversal (or increased
number of folds) in the ileum (Fig. 4.6 ). Hypoenhancing bowel can be a worrisome finding for
ischemia, and when pneumatosis is present, infarction is often present. Abscesses were also seen in
four (11%) patients, with location on the left ischioanal fossa, at the colostomy site, right iliac fossa
and in a left extraperitoneal area. Coronal volume-rendered CT enterographic sections from two
patients (a and b) demonstrate prominence of the vasa recta, or “comb sign” (arrows). Note high-
grade partial obstruction and nodularity to the extraluminal margin Active bleeding at multiphase
CTE is demonstrated by progressive accumulation of intraluminal contrast over subsequent phases of
enhancement (Figs. 4.14 and 4.15 ). Active bleeding may be associated with a neoplasm or vascular
etiology, but in the case of a Dieulafoy lesion or focal ulcer, no other abnormality will be appreciated.
Conclusion This study showed that CT enterography presents a good assessment of intestinal
involvement by CD. In the following revaluations, maybe there is a greater advantage with the use
of resonance, because this technique does not expose the patient to ionizing radiation. To improve the
chances for success of a game, there are several principles of good game design to be followed.
Complex, branching fistulas will form asterisk-shaped fistulae complexes that will involve multiple
small bowel loops (Figs. 4.20 and 4.21 ). Fistulas that extend to the retroperitoneum will often form
abscesses along the iliopsoas muscle. The journal aims to publish articles that may contribute to the
improvement and the development of the practice, research, and teaching of coloproctology and
related specialities. The treatment enables your doctor to identify the root of your illness. Axial (a)
and coronal volume-rendered (b) CT enterographic sections show a large fluid collection (arrows)
with attenuation similar to that of enteric contrast material. Profile of Sample MAIN FINDINGS:
SECTION 1: Consumer Rights Awareness Levels SECTION 2: Pricing SECTION 3: Making
Complaints. Angiodysplasia. Axial (a) and coronal reformatted (b) CT enterographic sections
demonstrate a tuftlike area of enhancement in the medial cecal wall (arrow), a finding suggestive of
angiodysplasia. This imaging finding is associated with moderate to severe active inflammation.
The results of a prospective study by Schmidt et al show that, in addition to the superior spatial
resolution that CT offers, interobserver agreement is better and sensitivity for the detection of active
disease is higher with CT. Because of avid arterial enhancement, there is the potential for large
amounts of bleeding. The lumen of the jejunum will have valvulae conniventes, whereas diverticula
will not. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar
technologies. Symmetrical mural thickening combined with straightened and dilated bowel loop is
often seen in ACE-related angioedema, venous compromise (such as from SMV thrombosis or
carcinoid tumor), or pancreatitis. The specifics will vary depending on CT hardware and software,
radiologist's and referrer's preferences, institutional protocols, and patient factors (e.g. allergy and
fluid intake restrictions). Bleeding from Meckel’s can occur due to ulcer, inflammation, neoplasm, or
ectopic gastric mucosa within the diverticulum. Younger patients often have large congenital vascular
malformations, often in conjunction with other known vascular lesions, e.g., Klippel-Trenaunay-
Weber syndrome (Fig. 4.16 ). Fig. 4.16 Large jejunal vascular malformation with phleboliths on
precontrast imaging ( a, inset ), and blood-filled spaces that enhanced slowly with time after contrast
( a, arrows ), in patient with presumed Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber. The advantage of CT enterography
is that this procedure allows visualization of the entire small intestine, without loop overlapping, and
also allows the evaluation of the intestinal wall, detection of extra-luminal pathological conditions,
and potential associated changes. ACE-related angioedema is usually seen in women and may or
may not be associated with first exposure to an ACE inhibitor. Manuscript Copies. Preservation.
Translation. God. Christians Today. Observation. How Our Bible is Divided. They appear as small or
round intramural lesions, usually best seen in the enteric phase of enhancement. Note prominent vasa
recta along mesenteric border of other jejunal loops ( b, arrows ), in addition to disruption of fold
pattern and asymmetric enhancement. Patient was treated with argon plasma coagulation and
hemoclips Fig. 4.15 Coronal arterial-, enteric-, and delayed-phase images ( a, b, and c, respectively)
from a multiphase CT enterography demonstrate progressive accumulation of intravenous contrast
within the jejunal lumen between the arterial and enteric phases ( b, arrows ). Fistulas appear as
extraenteric tracts with tethering of affected bowel loops (enteroenteric fistula, a — large arrow;
ileocecal fistula, c — arrows ). Frequently, as the GISTs enlarge, they ulcerate and may lose typical
hyperenhancement patterns. What’s Normal?. Bucky Boaz, ARNP. Cervical Spine (Lateral).
Multiplanar Helical CT Enterography in Patients with Crohn's Disease. They are frequently multiple
and are generally underestimated by CT compared to endoscopy. Here is a general example with
some of the key impacts transforming today's global consumers. Small bowel diverticula can be
mistaken for a small bowel loop on a single cross-sectional image. The studies were reviewed by an
experienced radiologist looking for radiological signs of CD. CT Enterography: Review of
Technique and Practical Tips. Note: some patients presented more than one clinical manifestation.
(0.14MB). Twenty-five patients (73.5%) were under pharmacological treatment. Despite studies
showing good results with CT enterography, there are few publications on this subject in Brazil; thus,
it is critical that this study is carried out in our midst. Considering that, at its inception, DC usually
presents in the inflammatory form, one can really expect that there are large numbers of patients with
wall thickening and vascular engorgement. Intestinal malrotation predisposes to midgut volvulus.
Information in this slide presentation is adapted from All You Really Need to Know to Interpret
Arterial Blood Gases (2 nd ed.), by Lawrence Martin, MD, Lippincott, Williams, Wilkins. Capsule
impaction in bowel stricture due to Crohn disease. Patients with non-rotation and intermittent small
bowel volvulus often present for outpatient imaging when the small bowel volvulus has resolved.
Conclusion This study showed that CT enterography presents a good assessment of intestinal
involvement by CD. Recent studies have demonstrated a sensitivity rate of up to 100%, and 53.9%
specificity for the identification of CD in its active phase. 7 Other publications have shown that CT
enterography is equivalent to MR enterography in the assessment of CD activity. The results of a
prospective study by Schmidt et al show that, in addition to the superior spatial resolution that CT
offers, interobserver agreement is better and sensitivity for the detection of active disease is higher
with CT. The scans were interpreted by a single radiologist with extensive experience in CT
enterography; this professional was blinded to clinical information at his workstation. Discussion CT
enterography has a clinical application in the evaluation of patients with CD, to confirm the diagnosis
of the disease or its extension and complications in the assessment of small bowel. 3 Nowadays, CT
enterography constitutes an excellent option for replacement of lower-accuracy radiological methods
and as an alternative versus endoscopic capsule, a very expensive technology. The Scriptures Show
the Need for Biblical Interpretation Language and Culture Show the Need for Biblical
Interpretation. Results The mean age was 40 years, with a predominance of women. Reference
article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 24 Feb 2024). Low-kV imaging techniques generally increase
the conspicuity of perianal fistulas. Coronal liver images show mild intrahepatic biliary dilation ( b,
large arrow ) extending inferiorly into the right lobe ( b, small arrow ) with periductal perfusion
abnormalities ( b, oval ), suggesting cholangitis. The studies were reviewed by an experienced
radiologist looking for radiological signs of CD. Perianal lesions associated with urinary tract
infection were present in 10 (29%) patients, two (5.8%) men and eight (23%) women. Frequently, as
the GISTs enlarge, they ulcerate and may lose typical hyperenhancement patterns. They should be
informed of findings so that they can present to the ER if acute, unrelenting pain occurs as prompt
surgical treatment may be required. Conclusion The study allows one to observe that the main
radiological findings of CT enterography were intestinal wall enhancement and thickening and
vascular engorgement, mainly affecting the ileum and right colon. This imaging finding is associated
with moderate to severe active inflammation. Our commitment is to get you the best price for the
test from a NABL and government of India accredited and approved lab near you. The advantage of
CT enterography is to allow a visualization of the entire small intestine, without overlapping loops,
thus allowing the evaluation of the intestinal wall, detection of extra-luminal pathological conditions,
and potential associated changes. Perianal fistulae suggest Crohn’s disease as the etiology in patients
with inflammatory colitis without small bowel involvement. Submucosal fat deposition in
longstanding Crohn disease. Capsule impaction in bowel stricture due to Crohn disease. Celiac sprue
typically manifests as normally enhancing jejunal loops that have lost valvulae conniventes due to
villous atrophy, usually with fold reversal (or increased number of folds) in the ileum (Fig. 4.6 ).
Hypoenhancing bowel can be a worrisome finding for ischemia, and when pneumatosis is present,
infarction is often present. Cakmakci, S.M. Erturk, S. Cakmarkci. Comparison of the results of
computerized tomographic and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging techniques in
inflammatory bowel diseases. Gene Robinson. Why is Biblical Interpretation Important. The
advantage of CT enterography is that this procedure allows visualization of the entire small intestine,
without loop overlapping, and also allows the evaluation of the intestinal wall, detection of extra-
luminal pathological conditions, and potential associated changes. Moreover, these authors compared
these changes versus surgical evaluation of patients undergoing resection due to CD, and found a
good clinical and radiological correlation. ACE-related angioedema is usually seen in women and
may or may not be associated with first exposure to an ACE inhibitor. The most affected bowel
segments were ileum and right colon ( Table 4 and Fig. 5 ). Table 3. Radiological findings of CT
enterography. INTERPRETATION. INTERPRETATION. (1) A contract is to be interpreted
according to the common intention of the parties even if this differs from the literal meaning of the
words. Recent studies have demonstrated a sensitivity rate of up to 100% and specificity of 53.9%
for the identification of CD in its active phase. 7 Other papers have shown that CT enterography is
equivalent to MR enterography for the assessment of CD activity.
The principles of design are for the artist to direct the viewer. Axial images demonstrate normal
caliber superior mesenteric vein at the level of pancreatic head ( b, arrow ) that becomes diminutive
inferiorly at the level of transverse duodenum ( c, arrow ). CD diagnosis is based on clinical and
complementary tests. Afifi et al. 13 also observed these key findings in patients with active Crohn's
disease. Younger patients often have large congenital vascular malformations, often in conjunction
with other known vascular lesions, e.g., Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome (Fig. 4.16 ). Fig. 4.16
Large jejunal vascular malformation with phleboliths on precontrast imaging ( a, inset ), and blood-
filled spaces that enhanced slowly with time after contrast ( a, arrows ), in patient with presumed
Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber. Axial CT enterographic sections obtained in different patients show
luminal narrowing and dilatation in a segment of the ascending colon (arrow in a), a perianal abscess
(arrow in b) rectosigmoid involvement (black arrowhead in c), and a comb sign (white arrowheads in
c). Recent studies have demonstrated a sensitivity rate of up to 100% and specificity of 53.9% for
the identification of CD in its active phase. 7 Other papers have shown that CT enterography is
equivalent to MR enterography for the assessment of CD activity. Furthermore, the radiologist
classified the loop walls as visible or non-visible, also in the four areas considered. The advantage of
CT enterography is that this procedure allows visualization of the entire small intestine, without loop
overlapping, and also allows the evaluation of the intestinal wall, detection of extra-luminal
pathological conditions, and potential associated changes. Carcinoid tumors. (a) Axial CT
enterographic section obtained in a 51-year-old man shows a small, enhancing lesion in the terminal
ileum (arrow), an incidental finding that was proved at pathologic analysis to be a carcinoid. (b)
Axial CT enterographic section obtained in another patient demonstrates a mesenteric mass with a
spiculated margin (arrows), a finding representative of a mesenteric carcinoid. Load More. Imaging
findings felt to represent benign pneumatosis potentially due to pseudo-obstruction or multiple prior
enteroenteric anastomoses Mural thickening is generally considered to be present when greater than 3
mm in a distended bowel segment. Angioectasias are frequently multiple and seen in elderly
patients. Note prominent vasa recta along mesenteric border of other jejunal loops ( b, arrows ), in
addition to disruption of fold pattern and asymmetric enhancement. After combination therapy
(infliximab combined with azathioprine), CT enterography 2 years later demonstrates normal
appearance to the previously inflamed jejunal loops ( b ) Fig. 4.5 CT enterography images from
another patient with jejunal Crohn’s disease show normal-appearing jejunum ( open arrow, a )
superior to inflamed jejunum ( a, solid white arrow ). Results The mean age was 40 years, with a
predominance of women. A CT scan may be upsetting if you have trouble staying still, are extremely
tense, anxious, or in pain. The principles of design are where you the artist, make the decision on
how to implement the elements of art. Just type in an MRI scan of the orbit near me and go to our
website, Medintu. in. Our easy-to-explore user interface and always-available customer service are
here to make the process easier for you. CT Enterography as a Diagnostic Tool in Evaluating Small
Bowel Disorders: Review of Clinical Experience with over 700 Cases. Mesenteric border
inflammation (evidenced by mural hyperenhancement and wall thickening; small arrows, c ) in a
third patient is also indicative of Crohn’s enteric inflammation, and is associated with anti-
mesenteric sacculation and fibrofatty proliferation (“F”). Or, they can exceed the weight restriction
for the moving table, which is typically 450 pounds. Diffuse small bowel thickening can be seen in
cirrhosis, graft-versus-host disease, and shock bowel, where correlation with patient history and
other imaging findings usually suggests the diagnosis. Arterial lesions are best seen in the arterial
phase and may or may not have an enlarged draining vein. Delayed-phase images show movement
and dilution of intraluminal contrast ( c, arrow ). Angioectasias and arterial lesions are also seen in
the cecum and ascending colon with some regularity at multiphase CTE exam, and in this location,
they are generally associated with arterial shunting and an enlarged draining vein. In volumetric
datasets from CT and MR enterography, the findings are unmistakable, but they are often
overlooked. Another patient with an ileal vascular malformation with dilated intramural vessels ( b,
arrows ) and a large draining vein ( b, inset ) CTE surveillance for polyps and masses can be
performed in addition to magnetic resonance (MR) enterography or enteroclysis in patients with
polyposis syndromes. However, in its most part, the small intestine cannot be evaluated by this
method. The mass demonstrates intense enhancement and serosal puckering ( small white arrow ),
which is indicative of carcinoid tumors. The “comb sign” ( a, brackets ) refers to engorged vasa that
enter the small bowel or colon at a right angle ( a, bracket ).
Results A good tolerance of all patients with oral contrast intake was noted, and all tests have been
completed, totaling 34 studies. Among the complementary tests, enterography with CT enterography
has shown good results in the evaluation of this disease. There seems to be no large difference in
accuracy when comparing CT enterography versus MR enterography, except that tomography is
superior in detecting infectious complications; and for this reason, often this technique is
recommended as first choice in the evaluation of the small intestine, immediately after diagnosis, as
well as in cases where there is suspicion of abdominal abscesses. Such an association may be related
to the malabsorption syndrome observed in CD patients. 2 Importantly, cross-sectional studies reflect
certain moments of the sample; thus, changes may occur in several aspects analyzed over time, and
with the inclusion of new patients. Here is a general example with some of the key impacts
transforming today's global consumers. Mesenteric border inflammation (evidenced by mural
hyperenhancement and wall thickening; small arrows, c ) in a third patient is also indicative of
Crohn’s enteric inflammation, and is associated with anti-mesenteric sacculation and fibrofatty
proliferation (“F”). Axial CT enterographic section shows mucosal hyperenhancement (black arrow)
and mural stratification (white arrow) of the terminal ileum, an appearance that contrasts markedly
with that of nondiseasedileal segments Axial CT enterographic section from another patient shows
mesenteric hypervascularity (arrowheads) adjacent to the involved bowel segment. Anteroposterior
radiograph (a) and axial CT enterographic section (b) demonstrate the impaction of an endoscopic
capsule (black arrow) within the lumen of a thick-walled diseased ileal segment (white arrow in b).
Coronal maximum intensity projection images ( c, inset ) show nodular tufts of vessels in the wall of
the cecum. Because of avid arterial enhancement, there is the potential for large amounts of
bleeding. SJR uses a similar algorithm as the Google page rank; it provides a quantitative and
qualitative measure of the journal's impact. Diffuse small bowel thickening can be seen in cirrhosis,
graft-versus-host disease, and shock bowel, where correlation with patient history and other imaging
findings usually suggests the diagnosis. The advantage of CT enterography is to allow a visualization
of the entire small intestine, without overlapping loops, thus allowing the evaluation of the intestinal
wall, detection of extra-luminal pathological conditions, and potential associated changes. The most
affected bowel segments were ileum and right colon ( Table 4 and Fig. 5 ). Table 3. Radiological
findings of CT enterography. Note paucity of folds, thin wall, and slightly decreased mural
enhancement. Patients diagnosed with Crohn's disease, aged over 18 years, and already evaluated by
colonoscopy were included. Strictures in the setting of radiation enteritis occur in small bowel with
abnormal enhancement, while those in diaphragm disease have variable (often mild)
hyperenhancement with intervening regions of normal-appearing bowel. Arterial lesions include
angioectasias with arterial shunting, Dieulafoy lesions, and arteriovenous fistulas. Note thin and
regularly spaced valvulae conniventes in distended jejunum ( a ). Symmetrical mural thickening
combined with straightened and dilated bowel loop is often seen in ACE-related angioedema,
venous compromise (such as from SMV thrombosis or carcinoid tumor), or pancreatitis. The main
clinical manifestations are diarrhea in 24 (70%), hematochezia in 19 (55%), abdominal pain in 29
(85%) and weight loss in 22 (64%) patients. Discussion CT enterography has a clinical application in
the evaluation of patients with CD, to confirm the diagnosis of the disease or its extension and
complications in the assessment of small bowel. 3 Nowadays, CT enterography constitutes an
excellent option for replacement of lower-accuracy radiological methods and as an alternative versus
endoscopic capsule, a very expensive technology. Recent studies have demonstrated a sensitivity rate
of up to 100%, and 53.9% specificity for the identification of CD in its active phase. 7 Other
publications have shown that CT enterography is equivalent to MR enterography in the assessment of
CD activity. Patient was treated with argon plasma coagulation and hemoclips Fig. 4.15 Coronal
arterial-, enteric-, and delayed-phase images ( a, b, and c, respectively) from a multiphase CT
enterography demonstrate progressive accumulation of intravenous contrast within the jejunal lumen
between the arterial and enteric phases ( b, arrows ). Coronal volume-rendered CT enterographic
sections from two patients (a and b) demonstrate prominence of the vasa recta, or “comb sign”
(arrows). Fibrofatty proliferation is often associated with mesenteric border inflammation, and
displaces bowel loops (Fig. 4.22 ). Mesenteric venous thrombosis can be located centrally in the
superior mesenteric vein and portal vein, or in smaller, peripheral mesenteric veins. Medication in
current use. Table 2. Distribution of patients by drugs used in a monotherapy regimen. Table 3.
Radiological findings of CT enterography. Table 4. Intestinal segments affected found in CT
enterography. Arterial lesions are best seen in the arterial phase and may or may not have an enlarged
draining vein. Axial (a) and coronal volume-rendered (b) CT enterographic sections show a large
fluid collection (arrows) with attenuation similar to that of enteric contrast material. Carcinoid
tumors. (a) Axial CT enterographic section obtained in a 51-year-old man shows a small, enhancing
lesion in the terminal ileum (arrow), an incidental finding that was proved at pathologic analysis to be
a carcinoid. (b) Axial CT enterographic section obtained in another patient demonstrates a mesenteric
mass with a spiculated margin (arrows), a finding representative of a mesenteric carcinoid. Load
More.