ASSIGNMENT

Breathing Sound

NORMAL BREATHING SOUNDS

VESICULAR BREATH SOUNDS
It sounds Soft, low-pitched, and continuous, and is mostly heard in lung areas.
The inhalation phase is quite longer than the exhalation. It is like a gentle
whooshing sound of air.
Typically, vesicular breath sounds are considered normal. However, if they are
diminished or absent in certain areas, it would probably suggest a lung disorder.

BRONCHIAL BREATH SOUNDS

It has a high-pitched and quite dense sound, and sounds more intense than the
vesicular sound.
The expiration phase is longer that the inspiration phase and there is a pause in
between.
Think of the sound of air rushing through a tube or straw. The whooshing sound
somehow feels heavier and there's a kind of rougher edges. If this sound is heard
in the areas of the lungs where it is not expected to be, it may indicate inflammation
or infection like condition like pneumonia.

TRACHEAL BREATH SOUNDS

It has loudest and highest-pitched heard over the trachea.
It seems the sound of air moving through a narrow tube. The flow of air sound like
quite harsh and rush. While tracheal breath sounds are normal over the trachea,
hearing them over peripheral lung areas may indicate abnormal conditions such as
consolidation or compression of lung tissue.

ABNORMAL BREATHING SOUND

Wheezing
High-pitched whistling sounds heard primarily during expiration. It's a sound that
might make you think of blowing air through a small opening. It's like the air is trying
to get through a narrow space, and it makes a whistling sound.

Associated Diseases/Disorders:
- Asthma
- Emphysema
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- bronchitis, or other conditions causing airway constriction or
narrowing.
Stridor
High-pitched, crowing sound usually heard during inspiration. Imagine you're
blowing up a balloon, and sometimes when you blow, it makes a high-pitched,
squeaky sound. It might happen when there's something blocking or making it
hard for the air to go into the breathing tube, a bit like when you try to blow up a
balloon but the air has a tough time getting in.

Associated Diseases/Disorders:
- Croup
- laryngitis, or any obstruction in the upper airway, including foreign
body inhalation or tumors.
- Vocal Cord dysfunction
- Subglottic stenosis

Crackles (Rales)
It is a discontinuous, "crackling" sounds heard during inspiration and sometimes
expiration. It's like tiny pops or snaps, and it might happen when there's
something in the lungs that shouldn't be there, like extra fluid or sticky stuff.
It can be described as either fine, dry or wet crackles.

Associated Diseases/Disorders:
- Pneumonia
- pulmonary fibrosis
- congestive heart failure
- cystic fibrosis
- conditions leading to the popping open of collapsed airways.

Rhonchi:
It has low-pitched, continuous sounds resembling snoring, gurgling or rattling,
often heard during expiration.
Associated Diseases/Disorders:
- Bronchitis
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- conditions causing mucus or fluid accumulation in the airways.

Pleural Rub
The lungs make this kind of sound when the pleura get inflamed and gets a bit
rough, and when it moves it makes a squeaky or grating noise.
Associated Diseases/Disorders:
- pleurisy
- pleural effusion
- pneumonia
- lung cancer

Strained Breathing:
It sounds like a person seems to be exerting extra effort to take a breath.
Associated Diseases/Disorders
- Asthma exacerbation
- severe pneumonia
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- respiratory distress
- infection
- heart failure.
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