RRL Summary

Name:

Group No.: 1

Title: Are Our Children in Safe Hands? Evaluating the preparedness of primary school staff in
Jeddah, Saudi Arabia in responding to health-related emergencies

Assigned Subtopic: School Preparedness in Health and Emergency

Source: Foreign RRL

Summary:

Educational institutions, as part of the community, ought to exercise precautionary

measures in the event of any unprecedented situations, such as emergencies. Bashir and
Bakarman (2014) argued that in emergency situations, fast and skilled intervention is vital for a
patient’s outcome and saving life. In fact, in schools, it is necessary that school staff be
adequately trained to respond to any health emergencies that may arise because they have a
responsibility to protect their students, especially children who are vulnerable to such conditions.
However, both authors acknowledged that some schools should give more health-related training
to their respective staff. For instance, the female school staff of a primary school in Saudi Arabia
were found to have insufficient level of knowledge and practice of first aid. Nevertheless, they
still exhibited a positive attitude towards first-aid training.

Name:

Group No.: 1

Title: School Leaders’ and Teachers’ Preparedness to Support Education in Rwanda during the
COVID-19 Emergency

Assigned Topic: School Preparedness in Health and Emergency

Source: Foreign RRL

Summary:
 It is noteworthy that there are schools that completely lack sufficient preparedness in
terms of dealing with health emergencies. Carter et al. (2022) discovered that throughout the
Coronavirus Disease – 2019 (COVID-19), most secondary schools in Rwanda have manifested
significant gaps in school leaders’ and teachers’ access to technology and training, which is clear
evidence of a lack of preparedness that could inform policy and practice in future health
emergencies. Moreover, because of the inadequacy of the schools’ resources, school staff and
administrators tend to lose the opportunity of accessing technology which could significantly
help them in resolving potential health hazards on their educational community.

Name:

Group No.: 1

Title: Students academic and social concerns during COVID-19 pandemic

Assigned Topic: School Preparedness in Health and Emergency

Source: Foreign RRL

Summary:

The shift from traditional face-to-face classes to a virtual type of learning set-up has
caused academic and social concerns for learners, especially amid the COVID-19 pandemic (Al-
Maskari et al., 2022). The authors of the study asserted that a school’s resource availability will
always determine the level of its preparedness in many aspects, such as responding to any kind
of emergencies which concern its stakeholders, especially students. Moreover, it is critical to
ensure that students’ concerns, whether academic or social, be resolved because it will play a
vital role in developing their skills and abilities even in online teaching and learning.

Name:

Group No.: 1

Title: COVID-19 outbreak highlights critical gaps in school emergency preparedness

Subtopic: School Preparedness in Health and Emergency

Source: Foreign RRL

Summary:

Anderson (2020) noted that in order to effectively and efficiently prepare for any health-
related emergencies, even from smallest to the biggest scales, schools must craft and develop
contingency planning which would analyze the impact of potential crises and ensure that
appropriate arrangements are made to respond in a timely and effective way. This type of
planning involves not just an individual but a team which would also establish working
relationships to resolve such kinds of situations. In fact, the author cited the report of the United
Nations Inter-Agency Standing Committee which stated that an effective response at the onset of
a crisis is heavily influenced by the level of preparedness and contingency planning.

Name:

Group No.: 1

Title: Face-to-face classes during COVID-19: a call for deliberate and well-planned school
health protocols in the Philippine context

Subtopic: Challenges encountered in maintaining health protocols in schools

Source: Local RRL

Summary:

The Philippines is one of the countries in the world that is badly affected by the
continuously raging COVID-19 pandemic. Many sectors of its society, especially the education
sector, have made numerous adjustments to cope with the so-called “new normal.” Therefore, it
has become imperative for Philippine schools, under the directive of the Department of
Education, to implement guidelines that will ensure the safety of students and teachers
(Sarmiento et al., 2021). They highlighted the importance of strictly adhering to minimum health
protocols, such as wearing face masks, exercising physical distancing, and washing hands daily
because it is the cornerstone of combatting the deadly pandemic. Moreover, they stressed that the
health guidelines set by DepEd are significant in the delivery of face-to-face classes following
national and international standards in mitigating the effects of COVID-19 as a public health
crisis.

Name:

Group No.: 1

Title: Comprehensive and safe school strategy during COVID-19 pandemic

Subtopic: Challenges encountered in maintaining health protocols in schools

Source: Foreign RRL

Summary:

On the onset of the COVID-19 outbreak around the world, schools are forced to halt its
operations temporarily to prevent its further spread among the populace. Governments are
scrambling to give the necessary education for their student population even amid a pandemic.
Thus, Esposito et al. (2021) emphasized that problems strictly related to school frequency and
reduction of infectious risk must be discussed and solved before school attendance can be
considered completely safe for school stakeholders again. They also stated that having
comprehensive yet understandable health guidelines will eliminate doubts and foster strict
compliance among students, teachers, and non-teaching school staff.

Name:

Group No.: 1

Title: Health and Safety Program Amidst COVID-19 Pandemic Among Schools in Surigao del
Sur, Philippines

Subtopic: Challenges encountered in maintaining health protocols in schools

Source: Local RRL

Summary:

To genuinely combat COVID-19 in educational institutions, school administrations must

be at the forefront in terms of implementing health and safety protocols. However, there are
some instances where a school’s health and safety framework is marred by such flaws and
problems encountered by the implementers. Hence, Estampa and Buniel (2021) posited that the
further strengthening of the implementation of a health program is essential, through sharing of
best practices among schools, to facilitate its enhancement. Furthermore, it is necessary for
schools to actively and seriously design a monitoring tool to investigate the problems of
monitoring and evaluation of the health and safety programs closely.

Name:

Group No.: 1

Title: The challenges facing schools and pupils in September 2020

Subtopic: Challenges encountered in maintaining health protocols in schools

Source: Foreign RRL

Summary:

In England, primary and secondary schools are heavily impacted by the spread of
COVID-19. Sharp et al. (2020) affirmed that there are many challenges that those schools face
such as the vulnerability of the students to the virus itself and thus its government encouraged
them to exercise high standards of hygiene through deep cleaning and avoiding pupils sharing
equipment. In addition, social distancing is also promoted to reduce the risk of infection among
individuals. However, regardless of the necessary preparations and guidelines being undertaken,
the authors still acknowledged that problems such as issues in logistics and resource implications
of opening schools fully which taking measures to mitigate the effects of the virus.

Name:

Group No.: 1
Title: Amidst the Threat of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Philippines: the educators, students,
and the distance learning education

Subtopic: COVID-19 Preparedness and Response in Schools

Source: Foreign RRL

Summary:

Teachers, as part of the school community, play a significant role in the fight against
COIVD-19. Lapada et al. (n.d.) stated that teacher awareness regarding the causes and effects of
the COVID-19 pandemic in schools can be an advantage to school administrators because
educators can help them in implementing health and safety-related school policies which will
ensure that measures are taken to combat the virus. Moreover, teacher response is seen to
contribute significantly to the effective and efficient spread of information about how to take
care of one’ self amid the pandemic and the ways how an individual, especially a student, can be
of help to his community and other people.

Name:

Group No.: 1

Title: DepEd Division Memorandum No. 386, s. 2022 – Conduct of the Onsite or Virtual
Monitoring on School Health and Disaster Management and Preparedness (SHMDP) Programs,
Activities, Projects Implementation in Schools

Subtopic: DepEd Memo about health preparedness in the opening of face-to-face classes

Source: Local RRL

Summary:

DepEd memorandums about health and safety amid the pandemic are helpful to
disseminate timely information about the department’s actions concerning the COVID-19
pandemic in primary and secondary schools in the Philippines. The DepEd School Division
Office – Valenzuela (2022), for instance, has been instructed by DepEd’s national office to
conduct the school monitoring, evaluation, and technical assistance of health and disaster
preparedness activities. Here, schools under DepEd are encouraged to take part in such activities
that will boost their knowledge, preparedness, and response wherever a health emergency
happens, which, in that case, is the COVID-19 pandemic.

Name:

Group No.: 1

Title: DepEd Memorandum No. 2022-03-024 – Strengthening of School Health Support for S.Y.
2022-2023

Subtopic: DepEd Memo about health preparedness in the opening of face-to-face classes

Source: Local RRL

Summary:

The DepEd Office of the Undersecretary Governance and Field Operations (2022) has
instructed the regional office of the Education Department to continue their roles and
responsibilities in ensuring that the promotion and implementation of various school health
support mechanisms are executed. Moreover, health and safety programs are encouraged to
persevere despite the hardships brought by the pandemic because such policies will help the
stakeholders of DepEd schools to ensure that schools are genuinely safe for teaching and
learning again. This memo is also necessary so that DepEd schools are guided whenever new and
unprecedented situations arise because of the COVID-19 pandemic.