NOVELTY DAN ORIGINALITY DALAM

PENULISAN PROPOSAL PENELITIAN:

TANTANGAN DAN STRATEGI
Prof Dr.Eng. Ir. Taufik Djatna, MSi
Divisi Teknik Sistem & Industri - Dept TIN
Program Doktoral/Magister Teknik Industri Pertanian
Institut Pertanian Bogor
Tentang Saya

Magister
Teknik
Industri
 Keterlibatan Peer dan
Tutor dalam
mencapai target
STRUKTUR originalitas / novelty

PRESENTASI Proses penyusunan proposal

riset : Critical Review Tricks
and Tips

Originalitas dan Kebaruan

(Novelty) proposal menuju
publikasi internasional
bermutu

Tantangan Pendidikan di level Magister

Master & Doktoral Teknik
Industri
Tantangan Pendidikan di
level Master & Doktoral

Magister
Teknik
Industri
 DISRUPSI
TEKNOLOGI

Magister
Teknik
Industri
 THE 3 DIMENSIONS OF DISRUPTION
CLOUD SERVICES
3 D PRINTINGS
MINIATURISATION OF SENSORS
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
COMPUTER POWER
ADVANCED ROBOTICS
API ECONOMY
VIRTUAL REALITY
INTERNET OF THINGS
D/ CROWDFUNDING

OPEN SOURCE

The intersection and interaction of 3. Exponential Adoption FREEMIUM

Emerging Technologies, Business Curve
Models and Exponential Adoption
Curves is leading to large scale
disruption of industries at an
unprecendented rate Tech.
Magister
Breakthrough

D/SRUPTION THEN NOW Teknik

Industri
Adapted from disruptionhub.com
Awareness in Ideas of different Level Education

◦ Let’s Look at …

Magister
Teknik
Industri
Imagine a circle that contains all of human
knowledge:

Magister
Teknik
Industri
By the time you finish elementary
school, you know a little:

Magister
Teknik
Industri
By the time you finish high school, you know a
bit more:

Magister
Teknik
Industri
With a bachelor’s degree, you gain a specialty:

Magister
Teknik
Industri
A master’s degree deepens that
specialty:

Magister
Teknik
Industri
Reading research papers (journal & proceedings)
takes you to the edge of human knowledge:

Magister
Teknik
Industri
Once you’re at the boundary, you focus:

Magister
Teknik
Industri
You push at the boundary for a few
years:

Magister
Teknik
Industri
Until one day, the boundary gives way:

Magister
Teknik
Industri
And, that dent you’ve made is called a
Ph.D.
Capability & Capacity
Characteristics & Behavior
Performance & Responsibility

Magister
Teknik
Industri
Of course, the world looks different to you now:

Magister
Teknik
Industri
So, don’t forget the bigger picture
Proven Emergence
of
Capability & Capacity
Characteristics & Behavior
Performance &
Responsibility

Magister
Teknik
Industri
Originalitas dan Kebaruan (Novelty)
proposal menuju publikasi
internasional bermutu

Magister
Teknik
Industri
 ORIGINALITY VERSUS
NOVELTY
IN PHD/MS RESEARCH WORK
 Points to Outline
◦What is the difference between originality and
novelty in research work?
◦Novelty in Engineering/Technology and Social
Perspectives
◦Importance of originality
◦Originality in tools, techniques, and procedures,
Outcomes, in the byproducts, in Experience
and as potentially publishable Materials Teknik
Magister

Industri
 Learning objectives --
in the end of this session student should be able to
◦Define the difference between originality and novelty in
research work?
◦ Explain the Novelty in Technology and Social Perspectives
◦ Show the Importance of originality
◦ Demonstrate the Originality in tools, techniques, and procedures,
Outcomes, in the byproducts, in Experience and as potentially
publishable Materials in his/her own proposal
Magister
Teknik
Industri
What is the difference between
originality and novelty in research work?
Simply:
◦Originality → new data, new conclusion(s), new
understanding, new cases…
◦Novelty ⎯→ new methodology that achieve the
technical goals, some time known as "know how"

Magister
Teknik
Industri
Based on Originality and Novelty, Problem
definition:

What we expect from B.Sc. Final task?

What we expect from M.Sc. thesis?

What we expect from Ph.D. dissertation?

What is the difference between patent and

scientific work?
Magister
Teknik
Industri
What we expect from B.Sc. Final task?
Innovation Capacity Building
What we expect from M.Sc. thesis?
Original Work Capacity Building
What we expect from Ph.D. thesis?
Innovation Original Work
Magister
Teknik
Industri
 Novelty in Engineering/Technology and
Social Perspectives
◦Technology:
◦ Novelty (derived from Latin word novus for "new") is the
quality of being new, or following from that, of being striking,
original or unusual.

◦Social:
◦ Novelty may be the shared experience of a new cultural
phenomenon or the subjective perception of an individual.
Magister
Teknik
Industri
 Return to Technology
◦Actually, Novelty is very close to Innovation
◦Innovation is a new idea, more effective device, or
process. Innovation can be viewed as the application of
better solutions that meet new requirements, inarticulate
needs, or existing market needs.

Magister
Teknik
Industri
 Return to Technology
◦ This is accomplished through more effective products,
processes, services, technologies, or ideas that are readily
available to markets, governments and society.
◦ The term innovation can be defined as something original
and more effective and, as a consequence, new, that
"breaks into" the market or society.

Magister
Teknik
Industri
1- Materials R&D… what are the requirements?,
2- Academia – Industry Coupling → Innovation centers

◦Innovation differs from invention

◦ in that innovation refers to the use of a better and, as a result,
novel idea or method, whereas invention refers more directly
to the creation of the idea or method itself.
◦Innovation differs from improvement
◦ in that innovation refers to the notion of doing something
different rather than doing the same thing better.
Magister
Teknik
Industri
 Originality
◦ Originality is the aspect of creating new work. It can be distinguished
from reproductions, or derivative works

◦ An original work is that not received from others nor copied from or
based upon the work of others. At the same time, avoid unnecessary
invention.

◦ In law, originality has become an important legal concept with

respect to intellectual property, where creativity and invention have
manifest as copyrightable works.
Magister
Teknik
Industri
Originality
◦In scientific work, these conceptions are
different from that in patents.

◦The norm that scientific claims (and Ph.D. or

Master theses) contributes something new,
whether a new problem, a new approach,
new data, a new theory or a new explanation.
Magister
Teknik
Industri
 Importance of Originality
1. Originality is a "must" in PhD research a plus for Master research
2. It is a high-profile requirement.
3. Should develop the necessary skills to recognize "what is original?" and implement it
into your work.
4. May need a considerable incubation period for the creative skills to function effectively
in development of originality in your research.
5. Need to appreciate the scope and potential of originality.
6. One or more of the following requirements must be fulfilled in your research in order
to claim for originality.
Magister
Teknik
Industri
1. Originality in tools, techniques, and procedures
◦ Your research methodology may include fairly standard tools,
techniques and procedures in the field of study. But if you use
them in new untested ways, this would justify a claim of
originality.

◦ Alternatively, if you develop new procedures, tools and

techniques for a specific purpose, this too will also justify a claim
for originality. For example, development of a new "controlled
release" system of an existing drug is original.
Magister
Teknik
Industri
2. Originality in exploring the unknown
Studies are said to be original if you are conducting a major investigation
of something which has never been investigated before such as a
recently discovered catalyst for fuel cells, a new medicine for cancer
treatment etc.
Recognizing the "original" in some fields or in some types of research is easy
(obvious), but in many fields of study it can be elusive (difficult to
understand and grasp).
There may always be an uncertainty on "what is original". Originality may
be unpredictable. You must learn to live with a certain amount of
uncertainty. On the other and it is the fuel of curiosity and creativity.
Magister
Teknik
Industri
 3. Originality in exploring the unanticipated
(exploring the sidetracks)
1. Some researchers may prefer to abandon the planned research and travel
through the sidetracks. It is exciting since it is full of unknowns, and you may
open alternative ways forward which have never previously been studied.

2. They can, on the other hand, equally turn out to be dead ends which
consume time and effort fruitlessly.

3. Focusing on the originally aimed goals always increases the chance of

being more fruitful in research through a calculated level of originality.

Magister
Teknik
Industri
 Originality in outcomes
Domain/Subject dependent
Tracing and reviewing

Magister
Teknik
Industri
Originality in the byproducts, in Experience
and as potentially publishable Materials
Originality in the byproducts
1. There are almost always byproducts during any research: Perhaps
development of a certain piece of equipment, or some secondary
findings in literature.

2. These can be moved into the mainstream of the research, and

focused on or developed further. When the thesis is written, the
research problem, theme or focus merely needs to be reformulated to
reflect the new nature of the work.
Magister
Teknik
Industri
 Originality in the byproducts, in Experience
and as potentially publishable Materials
◦ Originality in the experience
Students who stay the course with their research should be able to tease out
something worthwhile from an academic or scholarly standpoint.
Improvement of the creative thinking skills may help.

◦ Originality as "potentially publishable"

Most research especially at PhD level ought to be able to generate at least
one, and probably several, journal articles in "peer-reviewed" ("refereed")
journals. A research article should provide an acceptable claim for
originality. Magister
Teknik
Industri
 Facts, ideas, and originality
◦ Described the nature of originality in one of lectures to graduate
students as:
◦ If we accept that there are two ingredients, facts and ideas, and
that both may be either ‘new’ (never before presented to the
world) or ‘old’ (familiar from earlier commentary), four possible
combinations arise:
1. New facts + New ideas
2. New facts + Old ideas
3. Old facts + New ideas
4. Old facts + Old ideas
Magister
Teknik
Industri
 Acceptable combinations
◦Combinations 1–3 all lead to originality. Only
combination 4 is guaranteed to miss out on
originality.
◦ Between them, combinations 1, 2 and 3 cater for
an enormous variety of scholarly talents,
temperaments and opportunities.

Magister
Teknik
Industri
 The balance between originality and
conformity (conventionality, traditionalism)
◦ It may be difficult for the examiners (juri members in your thesis defense
or referees during the publication process) to appreciate the originality of
your research if it is too original.
◦ The rejection rate of highly original articles is known to be unexpectedly
high since the referees are seemingly not ready yet to understand and
comprehend the shocking new findings.
◦ Therefore, unless your supervisor is not a worldwide famous scientist, be a
little cautious on pushing the level of originality too far.

Magister
Teknik
Industri
 The ownership of original work
◦ Original work play important role in career advancement of both
students and supervisors. Therefore, such so-called "intellectual
properties" need to be respected and protected.
◦ Usually they are protected with "copyright laws". The academic world
developed very serious codes of research ethics to keep their
members at a continuous honorable and trustable state.
◦ Any violation of these codes, or ethical rules may result with very
severe sanctions like exclusion from the academic world.

Magister
Teknik
Industri
Proses penyusunan proposal
riset : Critical Review Tricks
and Tips
Magister
Teknik
Industri
 Critical Review /Systematic
Literature Review (SLR) for
Research Gap and Challenges

Magister
Teknik
Industri
 Critical Review /Systematic Literature Review
(SLR)
◦ An SLR can be defined as “a reliable, scientific overview of extant
research on a subject area or topic (Petticrew and Roberts 2006).
◦ Its purpose is to identify, appraise and synthesize all relevant studies using
a transparent, replicable process (Tranfield et al. 2003).
◦ Protocols for the literature search, article admittance and exclusion, and
analytical processes are explicated and provide an audit trail of the
processes followed” (Jones et al. 2011) Currently supported by Online
Access– JabRef, End Notes, Mendeley etc
◦ Recursive and dynamic process - Iterative and incremental
Magister
Teknik
Industri
 STAGE-1 Summarize:
Classify-
Describe

U
T
STAGE-4 Criticize :
Critical Synthesize:
– Cluster –
Grouping -
S
STAGE-2
Claim
Review Aggregate-
Integrate

U
A Compare :
S Contrast -
Rank
STAGE-3 Magister
Teknik
Industri
Summarize: Classify-Describe

Magister
Teknik
Industri
Magister
Teknik
Industri
Magister
Teknik
Industri
Synthesize: – Cluster – Grouping -
Aggregate- Integrate

Magister
Teknik
Industri
Magister
Teknik
Industri
Compare : Contrast - Rank

Magister
Teknik
Industri
Magister
Teknik
Industri
Magister
Teknik
Industri
Criticize : Claim YOUR RESEARCH GAP

Magister
Teknik
Industri
Magister
Teknik
Industri
Keterlibatan Peer dan Tutor
dalam mencapai target
originalitas / novelty

Magister
Teknik
Industri
How Achieve it on Time?
◦How to tackle and handle Growing Painstaking
PROBLEMS—Not to:
1. Panic
2. Emotionally Act and Think
3. Dramatize
4. Prejudice
5. Desperate Magister
Teknik
Industri
Administrasi Pengelolaan Proposal
◦SOP → Proses bisnis antar pembimbing,
mahasiswa dan manajemen prodi
◦Motivasi → pembimbing memberikan arahan
◦Monitoring → Ada target pencapaian per waktu
◦Evaluasi → indikator pencapaian

Submission
Revision
Reject/Accept Magister
Teknik
Industri
Questions?

Q&A
Magister
Teknik
Industri