GATE Statistics PYQ (2023-2019)

Statistics (ST)
General Aptitude (GA)

Q.1 – Q.5 Carry ONE mark Each
Q.1 “I have not yet decided what I will do this evening; I ______ visit a friend.”
(A) mite
(B) would
(C) might
(D) didn’t
Q.2 Eject : Insert : : Advance : _______
(By word meaning)
(A) Advent
(B) Progress
(C) Retreat
(D) Loan
Page 1 of 48
Organizing Institute: IIT Kanpur
Statistics (ST)
Q.3 In the given figure, PQRSTV is a regular hexagon with each side of length 5 cm. A
circle is drawn with its centre at V such that it passes through P. What is the area
(in cm2 ) of the shaded region? (The diagram is representative)
(A) 25π
3
(B) 20π
3
(C) 6π
(D) 7π
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Statistics (ST)
Q.4 A duck named Donald Duck says “All ducks always lie.”
Based only on the information above, which one of the following statements can be
logically inferred with certainty?
(A) Donald Duck always lies.
(B) Donald Duck always tells the truth.
(C) Donald Duck’s statement is true.
(D) Donald Duck’s statement is false.
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Statistics (ST)
Q.5 A line of symmetry is defined as a line that divides a figure into two parts in a way
such that each part is a mirror image of the other part about that line.
The figure below consists of 20 unit squares arranged as shown. In addition to the
given black squares, upto 5 more may be coloured black. Which one among the
following options depicts the minimum number of boxes that must be coloured
black to achieve two lines of symmetry? (The figure is representative)
a b
c d
e f g h
j k
(A) d
(B) c, d, i
(C) c, i
(D) c, d, i, f, g
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Statistics (ST)
Q.6 – Q.10 Carry TWO marks Each
Q.6 Based only on the truth of the statement ‘Some humans are intelligent’, which one
of the following options can be logically inferred with certainty?
(A) No human is intelligent.
(B) All humans are intelligent.
(C) Some non-humans are intelligent.
(D) Some intelligent beings are humans.
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Statistics (ST)
Q.7 Which one of the options can be inferred about the mean, median, and mode for the
given probability distribution (i.e. probability mass function), 𝑃(𝑥), of a variable x?
(A) mean = median ≠ mode
(B) mean = median = mode
(C) mean ≠ median = mode
(D) mean ≠ mode = median
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Statistics (ST)
Q.8 The James Webb telescope, recently launched in space, is giving humankind
unprecedented access to the depths of time by imaging very old stars formed almost
13 billion years ago. Astrophysicists and cosmologists believe that this odyssey in
space may even shed light on the existence of dark matter. Dark matter is supposed
to interact only via the gravitational interaction and not through the
electromagnetic-, the weak- or the strong-interaction. This may justify the epithet
“dark” in dark matter.
Based on the above paragraph, which one of the following statements is FALSE?
(A) No other telescope has captured images of stars older than those captured by the
James Webb telescope.
(B) People other than astrophysicists and cosmologists may also believe in the existence
of dark matter.
(C) The James Webb telescope could be of use in the research on dark matter.
(D) If dark matter was known to interact via the strong-interaction, then the epithet
“dark” would be justified.
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Statistics (ST)
Q.9 Let 𝑎 = 30! , 𝑏 = 50! , and 𝑐 = 100! . Consider the following numbers:
log 𝑎 𝑐, log 𝑐 𝑎, log 𝑏 𝑎, log 𝑎 𝑏
Which one of the following inequalities is CORRECT?
(A) log 𝑐 𝑎 < log 𝑏 𝑎 < log 𝑎 𝑏 < log 𝑎 𝑐
(B) log 𝑐 𝑎 < log 𝑎 𝑏 < log 𝑏 𝑎 < log 𝑏 𝑐
(C) log 𝑐 𝑎 < log 𝑏 𝑎 < log 𝑎 𝑐 < log 𝑎 𝑏
(D) log 𝑏 𝑎 < log 𝑐 𝑎 < log 𝑎 𝑏 < log 𝑎 𝑐
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Statistics (ST)
Q.10 A square of side length 4 cm is given. The boundary of the shaded region is defined
by one semi-circle on the top and two circular arcs at the bottom, each of radius
2 cm, as shown.
The area of the shaded region is _______ cm2 .
(A) 8
(B) 4
(C) 12
(D) 10
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Statistics (ST)
Q.11 The area of the region bounded by the parabola 𝑥 = −𝑦 2 and the line
𝑦 = 𝑥 + 2 equals
(A) 3
2
(B) 7
2
(C) 9
2
(D) 9
Q.12 Let 𝐴 be a 3 × 3 real matrix having eigenvalues 1, 0, and −1.

If 𝐵 = 𝐴2 + 2𝐴 + 𝐼3 , where 𝐼3 is the 3 × 3 identity matrix, then which one
of the following statements is true?
(A) 𝐵3 − 5𝐵 2 + 4𝐵 = 0
(B) 𝐵3 − 5𝐵 2 − 4𝐵 = 0
(C) 𝐵3 + 5𝐵 2 − 4𝐵 = 0
(D) 𝐵3 + 5𝐵 2 + 4𝐵 = 0
Page 10 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.13 Consider the following statements.
(I) Let 𝐴 and 𝐵 be two 𝑛 × 𝑛 real matrices. If 𝐵 is invertible, then

𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑘 (𝐵𝐴) = 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑘(𝐴).
(II) Let 𝐴 be an 𝑛 × 𝑛 real matrix. If 𝐴2 𝒙 = 𝒃 has a solution for every
𝒃 ∈ ℝ𝑛 , then 𝐴𝒙 = 𝒃 also has a solution for every 𝒃 ∈ ℝ𝑛 .
Which of the above statements is/are true?
(A) Only (I)
(B) Only (II)
(C) Both (I) and (II)
(D) Neither (I) nor (II)
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Statistics (ST)
Q.14 Consider the probability space (Ω, 𝒢, 𝑃 ), where Ω = [0, 2] and

𝒢 = {𝜙, Ω, [0,1], (1,2]}. Let 𝑋 and 𝑌 be two functions on Ω defined as
1 𝑖𝑓 𝜔 ∈ [0, 1]
𝑋 (𝜔 ) = {
2 𝑖𝑓 𝜔 ∈ (1, 2]
and
2 𝑖𝑓 𝜔 ∈ [0, 1.5]
𝑌 (𝜔 ) = {
3 𝑖𝑓 𝜔 ∈ (1.5, 2].
Then which one of the following statements is true?
(A) 𝑋 is a random variable with respect to 𝒢, but 𝑌 is not a random variable with
respect to 𝒢
(B) 𝑌 is a random variable with respect to 𝒢, but 𝑋 is not a random variable with
respect to 𝒢
(C) Neither 𝑋 nor 𝑌 is a random variable with respect to 𝒢
(D) Both 𝑋 and 𝑌 are random variables with respect to 𝒢
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Statistics (ST)
Q.15 Let Φ(⋅) denote the cumulative distribution function of a standard normal
random variable. If the random variable 𝑋 has the cumulative distribution
function
Φ(𝑥) 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 < −1
𝐹(𝑥) = {
Φ(𝑥 + 1) 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≥ −1,
then which one of the following statements is true?
(A) 1
𝑃(𝑋 ≤ −1) =
2
(B) 1
𝑃(𝑋 = −1) =
2
(C) 1
𝑃(𝑋 < −1) =
2
(D) 1
𝑃(𝑋 ≤ 0) =
2
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Statistics (ST)
Q.16 Let 𝑋 be a random variable with probability density function

𝛼
𝛼𝜆 𝑥 𝛼−1 𝑒 −𝜆𝑥 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 > 0
𝑓(𝑥) = {
0 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒,
where 𝛼 > 0 and 𝜆 > 0. If the median of 𝑋 is 1 and the third quantile is 2,
then (𝛼, 𝜆) equals
(A) (1, log𝑒 2)
(B) (1, 1)
(C) (2, log𝑒 2)
(D) (1, log 𝑒 3)
Page 14 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.17 Let 𝑋 be a random variable having Poisson distribution with mean 𝜆 > 0. Then
1
𝐸( | 𝑋 > 0) equals
𝑋+1
(A) 1 − 𝑒 −𝜆 − 𝜆𝑒 −𝜆
𝜆(1 − 𝑒 − 𝜆 )
(B) 1 − 𝑒 −𝜆
𝜆
(C) 1 − 𝑒 −𝜆 − 𝜆𝑒 −𝜆
𝜆
(D) 1 − 𝑒 −𝜆
𝜆+1
Page 15 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.18 Suppose that 𝑋 has the probability density function
𝜆𝛼 𝛼−1 −𝜆𝑥
𝑥 𝑒 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 > 0
𝑓 (𝑥) = {Γ(𝛼)
where 𝛼 > 0 and 𝜆 > 0. Which one of the following statements is NOT true?
(A) 𝐸 (𝑋 ) exists for all 𝛼 > 0 and 𝜆 > 0
(B) Variance of 𝑋 exists for all 𝛼 > 0 and 𝜆 > 0
(C) 1
𝐸 ( ) exists for all 𝛼 > 0 and 𝜆 > 0
𝑋
(D) 𝐸 (log 𝑒 (1 + 𝑋 )) exists for all 𝛼 > 0 and 𝜆 > 0
Page 16 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.19 Let (𝑋, 𝑌) have joint probability density function
8𝑥𝑦 𝑖𝑓 0 < 𝑥 < 𝑦 < 1

𝑓 (𝑥, 𝑦) = {
0 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒.
1
If 𝐸 (𝑋 | 𝑌 = 𝑦0 ) = , then 𝑦0 equals
2
(A) 3
4
(B) 1
2
(C) 1
3
(D) 2
3
Page 17 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.20 Suppose that there are 5 boxes, each containing 3 blue pens, 1 red pen and 2
black pens. One pen is drawn at random from each of these 5 boxes. If the random
variable 𝑋1 denotes the total number of blue pens drawn and the random variable
𝑋2 denotes the total number of red pens drawn, then 𝑃(𝑋1 = 2, 𝑋2 = 1) equals
(A) 5
36
(B) 5
18
(C) 5
12
(D) 5
9
Q.21 Let {𝑋𝑛 }𝑛≥1 and {𝑌𝑛 }𝑛≥1 be two sequences of random variables and 𝑋 and 𝑌
be two random variables, all of them defined on the same probability space.
Which one of the following statements is true?
(A) If {𝑋𝑛 }𝑛≥1 converges in distribution to a real constant 𝑐 , then {𝑋𝑛 }𝑛≥1
converges in probability to 𝑐
(B) If {𝑋𝑛 }𝑛≥1 converges in probability to 𝑋, then {𝑋𝑛 }𝑛≥1 converges in 3rd mean
to 𝑋
(C) If {𝑋𝑛 }𝑛≥1 converges in distribution to 𝑋 and {𝑌𝑛 }𝑛≥1 converges in

distribution to 𝑌, then {𝑋𝑛 + 𝑌𝑛 }𝑛≥1 converges in distribution to 𝑋 + 𝑌
(D) If {𝐸(𝑋𝑛 )}𝑛≥1 converges to 𝐸(𝑋), then {𝑋𝑛 }𝑛≥1 converges in 1st mean to 𝑋
Page 18 of 48
Statistics (ST)
1 −𝑥
𝑓(𝑥; 𝜆) = { 𝜆 𝑒 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 > 0
𝜆
where 𝜆 > 0 is an unknown parameter. Let 𝑌1 , 𝑌2 , … , 𝑌𝑛 be a random sample of
size 𝑛 from a population having the same distribution as 𝑋 2 .
̅ = 1 ∑𝑛𝑖=1 𝑌𝑖 , then which one of the following statements is true?
If 𝑌
𝑛
(A) 𝑌̅
√ is a method of moments estimator of 𝜆
2
(B) √𝑌̅ is a method of moments estimator of 𝜆
(C) 1
√𝑌̅ is a method of moments estimator of 𝜆
2
(D) 2√𝑌̅ is a method of moments estimator of 𝜆
Page 19 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.23 Let 𝑋1 , 𝑋2 , … , 𝑋𝑛 be a random sample of size 𝑛 (≥ 2) from a population

having probability density function
2 (log𝑒 𝑥)2
−
( )
𝑓 (𝑥; 𝜃) = { 𝜃𝑥 − log 𝑒 𝑥 𝑒 𝑖𝑓 0 < 𝑥 < 1
𝜃
where 𝜃 > 0 is an unknown parameter. Then which one of the following
statements is true?
(A) 1
∑𝑛𝑖=1(log 𝑒 𝑋𝑖 )2 is the maximum likelihood estimator of 𝜃
𝑛
(B) 1
∑𝑛𝑖=1(log 𝑒 𝑋𝑖 )2 is the maximum likelihood estimator of 𝜃
𝑛−1
(C) 1
∑𝑛𝑖=1 log 𝑒 𝑋𝑖 is the maximum likelihood estimator of 𝜃
𝑛
(D) 1
∑𝑛𝑖=1 log 𝑒 𝑋𝑖 is the maximum likelihood estimator of 𝜃
𝑛−1
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Statistics (ST)
Q.24 Let 𝑋1 , 𝑋2 , … , 𝑋𝑛 be a random sample of size 𝑛 from a population having

1 1
uniform distribution over the interval ( , 𝜃), where 𝜃 > is an unknown
3 3
parameter. If 𝑌 = max{𝑋1 , 𝑋2 , … , 𝑋𝑛 }, then which one of the following
statements is true?
(A) 𝑛+1 1 1
( ) (𝑌 − ) + is an unbiased estimator of 𝜃
𝑛 3 3
(B) 𝑛 1 1
( ) (𝑌 − ) + is an unbiased estimator of 𝜃
𝑛+1 3 3
(C) 𝑛+1 1 1
( ) (𝑌 + ) − is an unbiased estimator of 𝜃
𝑛 3 3
(D) 𝑌 is an unbiased estimator of 𝜃
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Statistics (ST)
Q.25 Suppose that 𝑿1 , 𝑿2 , … , 𝑿𝑛 , 𝒀1 , 𝒀2 , … , 𝒀𝑛 are independent and identically

distributed random vectors each having 𝑁𝑝 (𝝁, Σ) distribution, where Σ is non-
1 1
singular, 𝑝 > 1 and 𝑛 > 1. If 𝑿 ̅ = ∑𝑛𝑖=1 𝑿𝑖 and 𝒀
̅ = ∑𝑛𝑖=1 𝒀𝑖 , then which
𝑛 𝑛
one of the following statements is true?
(A) ̅ − 𝝁)𝑇 Σ−1 (𝑿

There exists 𝑐 > 0 such that 𝑐 (𝑿 ̅ − 𝝁) has 𝜒 2 -distribution
with 𝑝 degrees of freedom
(B) ̅−𝒀
There exists 𝑐 > 0 such that 𝑐 (𝑿 ̅ )𝑇 Σ−1 (𝑿
̅−𝒀
̅ ) has 𝜒 2 -distribution
with (𝑝 − 1) degrees of freedom
(C) There exists 𝑐 > 0 such that 𝑐 ∑𝑛𝑖=1(𝑿𝑖 − 𝑿 ̅ )𝑇 Σ −1 (𝑿𝑖 − 𝑿

̅ ) has
𝜒 2 -distribution with 𝑝 degrees of freedom
(D) ̅+𝒀
There exists 𝑐 > 0 such that 𝑐 ∑𝑛𝑖=1(𝑿𝑖 − 𝒀𝑖 − 𝑿 ̅ )𝑇 Σ −1 (𝑿𝑖 − 𝒀𝑖 − 𝑿
̅+𝒀
̅)
2
has 𝜒 -distribution with 𝑝 degrees of freedom
Page 22 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.26 Consider the following regression model
𝑦𝑘 = 𝛼0 + 𝛼1 log 𝑒 𝑘 + 𝜖𝑘 , 𝑘 = 1, 2, … , 𝑛,
where 𝜖𝑘 ’s are independent and identically distributed random variables each

1
having probability density function 𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑒 −|𝑥| , 𝑥 ∈ ℝ. Then which one of
2
the following statements is true?
(A) The maximum likelihood estimator of 𝛼0 does not exist
(B) The maximum likelihood estimator of 𝛼1 does not exist
(C) The least squares estimator of 𝛼0 exists and is unique
(D) The least squares estimator of 𝛼1 exists, but it is not unique
Page 23 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.27 Suppose that 𝑋1 , 𝑋2 , … , 𝑋𝑛 are independent and identically distributed random

variables each having probability density function 𝑓(⋅) and median 𝜃 . We want
to test
𝐻0 : 𝜃 = 𝜃0 against 𝐻1 : 𝜃 > 𝜃0 .
Consider a test that rejects 𝐻0 if 𝑆 > 𝑐 for some 𝑐 depending on the size of
the test, where 𝑆 is the cardinality of the set {𝑖: 𝑋𝑖 > 𝜃0 , 1 ≤ 𝑖 ≤ 𝑛}. Then
which one of the following statements is true?
(A) Under 𝐻0 , the distribution of 𝑆 depends on 𝑓(⋅)
(B) Under 𝐻1 , the distribution of 𝑆 does not depend on 𝑓(⋅)
(C) The power function depends on 𝜃
(D) The power function does not depend on 𝜃
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Statistics (ST)
Q.28 Suppose that 𝑥 is an observed sample of size 1 from a population with

probability density function 𝑓(⋅). Based on 𝑥 , consider testing
1 𝑦2 1 −|𝑦|
𝐻0 : 𝑓 (𝑦) = 𝑒− 2 ; 𝑦∈ℝ against 𝐻1 : 𝑓(𝑦) = 𝑒 ; 𝑦 ∈ ℝ.
√2𝜋 2
(A) The most powerful test rejects 𝐻0 if |𝑥| > 𝑐 for some 𝑐 > 0
(B) The most powerful test rejects 𝐻0 if |𝑥| < 𝑐 for some 𝑐 > 0
(C) The most powerful test rejects 𝐻0 if ||𝑥| − 1| > 𝑐 for some 𝑐 > 0
(D) The most powerful test rejects 𝐻0 if ||𝑥| − 1| < 𝑐 for some 𝑐 > 0
Q.29 Let 𝑓: ℝ2 → ℝ be defined by 𝑓 (𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥𝑦. Then the maximum value (rounded
off to two decimal places) of 𝑓 on the ellipse 𝑥 2 + 2𝑦 2 = 1
equals _______________
Q.30 Let 𝐴 be a 2 × 2 real matrix such that 𝐴𝐵 = 𝐵𝐴 for all 2 × 2 real matrices
𝐵. If trace of 𝐴 equals 5, then determinant of 𝐴 (rounded off to two decimal
places) equals _______________
Q.31 Two defective bulbs are present in a set of five bulbs. To remove the two
defective bulbs, the bulbs are chosen randomly one by one and tested. If 𝑋
denotes the minimum number of bulbs that must be tested to find out the two
defective bulbs, then 𝑃 (𝑋 = 3) (rounded off to two decimal places)
equals _______________
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Statistics (ST)
Q.32 Let {𝑋𝑛 }𝑛≥1 be a sequence of independent and identically distributed random
1
variables each having mean 4 and variance 9. If 𝑌𝑛 = ∑𝑛𝑖=1 𝑋𝑖 for 𝑛 ≥ 1,
𝑛
𝑌𝑛 −4 2
then lim 𝐸 [( ) ] (in integer) equals _______________
𝑛→∞ √𝑛
Q.33 Let {𝑊𝑡 }𝑡≥0 be a standard Brownian motion. Then 𝐸 (𝑊42 | 𝑊2 = 2)

(in integer) equals _______________
Q.34 Let {𝑋𝑛 }𝑛≥1 be a Markov chain with state space {1, 2, 3} and transition
probability matrix
1 1 1
2 4 4
1 1 1
.
3 3 3
1 1
[ 0
2 2]
Then 𝑃 (𝑋2 = 1 | 𝑋1 = 1, 𝑋3 = 2) (rounded off to two decimal places)
equals _______________
Q.35 0
Suppose that (𝑋1 , 𝑋2 , 𝑋3 ) has 𝑁3 (𝝁, Σ) distribution with 𝝁 = [0] and
0
2 2 1
Σ = [2 5 1].
1 1 1
Given that Φ(−0.5) = 0.3085, where Φ(⋅) denotes the cumulative
distribution function of a standard normal random variable,
7
𝑃 ((𝑋1 − 2𝑋2 + 2𝑋3 )2 < ) (rounded off to two decimal places)
2
equals _______________
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Statistics (ST)
Q.36 Let 𝐴 be an 𝑛 × 𝑛 real matrix. Consider the following statements.
(I) If 𝐴 is symmetric, then there exists 𝑐 ≥ 0 such that 𝐴 + 𝑐𝐼𝑛 is

symmetric and positive definite, where 𝐼𝑛 is the 𝑛 × 𝑛 identity
matrix.
(II) If 𝐴 is symmetric and positive definite, then there exists a symmetric
and positive definite matrix 𝐵 such that 𝐴 = 𝐵 2 .
(A) Only (I)
(B) Only (II)
Page 27 of 48
Statistics (ST)
1
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = { 𝑥 2 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≥ 1
If 𝑌 = log 𝑒 𝑋 , then 𝑃(𝑌 < 1 | 𝑌 < 2) equals
(A) 𝑒
1+𝑒
(B) 𝑒−1
𝑒+1
(C) 1
1+𝑒
(D) 1
𝑒−1
Page 28 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.38 Let {𝑁(𝑡)}𝑡≥0 be a Poisson process with rate 1. Consider the following
statements.
3 3 2 2
(I) 𝑃(𝑁(3) = 3 | 𝑁(5) = 5) = (53) ( ) ( ) .
5 5
(II) If 𝑆5 denotes the time of occurrence of the 5th event for the above
Poisson process, then 𝐸 (𝑆5 | 𝑁(5) = 3) = 7.
(A) Only (I)
(B) Only (II)
Page 29 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.39 Let 𝑋1 , 𝑋2 , … , 𝑋𝑛 be a random sample of size 𝑛 from a population having

probability density function
𝑒 −(𝑥−𝜇) 𝑖𝑓 𝜇 ≤ 𝑥 < ∞
𝑓 (𝑥; 𝜇) = {
where 𝜇 ∈ ℝ is an unknown parameter. If 𝑀 ̂ is the maximum likelihood

estimator of the median of 𝑋1 , then which one of the following statements is true?
(A) ̂ ≤ 2) = 1 − 𝑒 −𝑛(1−log𝑒 2) if 𝜇 = 1
𝑃(𝑀
(B) ̂ ≤ 1) = 1 − 𝑒 −𝑛 log𝑒 2 if 𝜇 = 1
𝑃(𝑀
(C) ̂ ≤ 3) = 1 − 𝑒 −𝑛(1−log𝑒 2) if 𝜇 = 1
𝑃(𝑀
(D) ̂ ≤ 4) = 1 − 𝑒 −𝑛(2 log𝑒 2−1) if 𝜇 = 1

𝑃(𝑀
Page 30 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.40 Let 𝑋1 , 𝑋2 , … , 𝑋10 be a random sample of size 10 from a population having

𝑁(0, 𝜃 2 ) distribution, where 𝜃 > 0 is an unknown parameter.
1
Let 𝑇 = ∑10 2
𝑖=1 𝑋𝑖 . If the mean square error of 𝑐𝑇 (𝑐 > 0), as an estimator of
10
𝜃 2 , is minimized at 𝑐 = 𝑐0 , then the value of 𝑐0 equals
(A) 5
6
(B) 2
3
(C) 3
5
(D) 1
2
Page 31 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.41 Suppose that 𝑿1 , 𝑿2 , … , 𝑿10 are independent and identically distributed random
vectors each having 𝑁2 (𝝁, Σ) distribution, where Σ is non-singular. If
1
𝑈= ,
̅ − 𝝁)𝑇 Σ−1 (𝑿
1 + (𝑿 ̅ − 𝝁)
1 1
̅=
where 𝑿 ∑10
𝑖=1 𝑿𝑖 , then the value of log 𝑒 𝑃 (𝑈 ≤ ) equals
10 2
(A) −5
(B) −10
(C) −2
(D) −1
Page 32 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.42 Suppose that (𝑋, 𝑌) has joint probability mass function
𝑃(𝑋 = 0, 𝑌 = 0) = 𝑃(𝑋 = 1, 𝑌 = 1) = 𝜃,
1
𝑃(𝑋 = 1, 𝑌 = 0) = 𝑃(𝑋 = 0, 𝑌 = 1) = − 𝜃,
2
1 1
where 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ is an unknown parameter. Consider testing 𝐻0 : 𝜃 =
2 4
1
against 𝐻1 : 𝜃 = , based on a random sample {(𝑋1 , 𝑌1 ), (𝑋2 , 𝑌2 ), … , (𝑋𝑛 , 𝑌𝑛 )}
3
from the above probability mass function. Let 𝑀 be the cardinality of the set
{𝑖: 𝑋𝑖 = 𝑌𝑖 , 1 ≤ 𝑖 ≤ 𝑛}. If 𝑚 is the observed value of 𝑀, then which one of the
following statements is true?
(A) The likelihood ratio test rejects 𝐻0 if 𝑚 > 𝑐 for some 𝑐
(B) The likelihood ratio test rejects 𝐻0 if 𝑚 < 𝑐 for some 𝑐
(C) The likelihood ratio test rejects 𝐻0 if 𝑐1 < 𝑚 < 𝑐2 for some 𝑐1 and 𝑐2
(D) The likelihood ratio test rejects 𝐻0 if 𝑚 < 𝑐1 or 𝑚 > 𝑐2 for some 𝑐1 and 𝑐2
Page 33 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.43 Let 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑓 (𝑥) + 𝑓(2 − 𝑥) for all 𝑥 ∈ [0, 2] , where 𝑓: [0, 2] → ℝ is
continuous on [0, 2] and twice differentiable on (0, 2). If 𝑔′ denotes the
derivative of 𝑔 and 𝑓 ′′ denotes the second derivative of 𝑓 , then which one of
the following statements is NOT true?
(A) There exists 𝑐 ∈ (0, 2) such that 𝑔′ (𝑐 ) = 0
(B) If 𝑓 ′′ > 0 on (0, 2), then 𝑔 is strictly decreasing on (0, 1)
(C) If 𝑓 ′′ < 0 on (0, 2), then 𝑔 is strictly increasing on (1, 2)
(D) If 𝑓 ′′ = 0 on (0, 2), then 𝑔 is a constant function
Q.44 For any subset 𝒰 of ℝ𝑛 , let 𝐿(𝒰) denote the span of 𝒰. For any two subsets
𝒯 and 𝒮 of ℝ𝑛 , which one of the following statements is NOT true?
(A) If 𝒯 is a proper subset of 𝒮 , then 𝐿(𝒯 ) is a proper subset of 𝐿(𝒮)
(B) 𝐿(𝐿(𝒮 )) = 𝐿(𝒮)
(C) 𝐿(𝒯 ∪ 𝒮 ) = {𝑢 + 𝑣: 𝑢 ∈ 𝐿(𝒯 ), 𝑣 ∈ 𝐿(𝒮)}
(D) If 𝛼, 𝛽 and 𝛾 are three vectors in ℝ𝑛 such that 𝛼 + 2𝛽 + 3𝛾 = 0, then

𝐿({𝛼, 𝛽}) = 𝐿({𝛽, 𝛾})
Page 34 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.45 Let 𝑓 be a continuous function from [0, 1] to the set of all real numbers. Then
which one of the following statements is NOT true?
(A) ∞
𝑓(𝑥𝑛 )
For any sequence {𝑥𝑛 }𝑛≥1 in [0, 1], ∑ 2
is absolutely convergent
𝑛=1 𝑛
(B) 1
If |𝑓 (𝑥)| = 1 for all 𝑥 ∈ [0, 1], then | ∫0 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 | = 1
(C) If {𝑥𝑛 }𝑛≥1 is a sequence in [0, 1] such that {𝑓 (𝑥𝑛 )}𝑛≥1 is convergent, then
{𝑥𝑛 }𝑛≥1 is convergent
(D) If 𝑓 is also monotonically increasing, then the image of 𝑓 is given by

[𝑓 (0), 𝑓(1)]
Page 35 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.46 Let 𝑋 be a random variable with cumulative distribution function
0 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 < −1
1
(𝑥 + 1) 𝑖𝑓 − 1 ≤ 𝑥 < 0
𝐹 (𝑥 ) = 4
1
(𝑥 + 3) 𝑖𝑓 0 ≤ 𝑥 < 1
4
{ 1 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≥ 1.
Which one of the following statements is true?
(A) 1 1 1 5
lim 𝑃 (− + < 𝑋 < − ) =
𝑛→∞ 2 𝑛 𝑛 8
(B) 1 1 1 5
lim 𝑃 (− − < 𝑋 < ) =
𝑛→∞ 2 𝑛 𝑛 8
(C) 1 1
lim 𝑃 (𝑋 = ) =
𝑛→∞ 𝑛 2
(D) 1
𝑃(𝑋 = 0) =
3
Page 36 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.47 Let (𝑋, 𝑌) have joint probability mass function

𝑐
𝑖𝑓 𝑥 = 0, 1, 2, … ; 𝑦 = 0, 1, 2, … ; 𝑥 ≠ 𝑦
𝑝(𝑥, 𝑦) = { 2𝑥+𝑦+2
(A) 1
𝑐=
2
(B) 1
𝑐=
4
(C) 𝑐>1
(D) 𝑋 and 𝑌 are independent
Page 37 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.48 Let 𝑿1 , 𝑿2 , … , 𝑿10 be a random sample of size 10 from a 𝑁3 (𝝁, Σ)

distribution, where 𝝁 and non-singular Σ are unknown parameters. If
5 10
1 1
̅ 1 = ∑ 𝑿𝑖 ,
𝑿 ̅ 2 = ∑ 𝑿𝑖 ,
𝑿
5 5
𝑖=1 𝑖=6
5 10
1 1
𝑆1 = ̅ 1 )(𝑿𝑖 − 𝑿
∑ (𝑿 𝑖 − 𝑿 ̅ 1 )𝑇 , 𝑆2 = ∑(𝑿𝑖 − 𝑿
̅ 2 )(𝑿𝑖 − 𝑿
̅ 2 )𝑇 ,
4 4
𝑖=1 𝑖=6
then which one of the following statements is NOT true?
(A) 5
̅ 1 − 𝝁)𝑇 𝑆1−1 (𝑿
(𝑿 ̅ 1 − 𝝁) follows a 𝐹-distribution with 3 and 2 degrees of
6
freedom
(B) 6
follows a 𝐹-distribution with 2 and 3 degrees of
̅ 1 −𝝁)𝑇 𝑆−1
5 (𝑿 ̅ 1 −𝝁)
1 (𝑿
freedom
(C) 4(𝑆1 + 𝑆2 ) follows a Wishart distribution of order 3 with 8 degrees of

freedom
(D) 5(𝑆1 + 𝑆2 ) follows a Wishart distribution of order 3 with 10 degrees of

freedom
Page 38 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.49 Which of the following sets is/are countable?
(A) The set of all functions from {1, 2, 3, … , 10} to the set of all rational numbers
(B) The set of all functions from the set of all natural numbers to {0, 1}
(C) The set of all integer valued sequences with only finitely many non-zero terms
(D) The set of all integer valued sequences converging to 1
Q.50 For a given real number 𝑎, let 𝑎+ = 𝑚𝑎𝑥{𝑎, 0} and 𝑎− = 𝑚𝑎𝑥 {−𝑎, 0} .
If {𝑥𝑛 }𝑛≥1 is a sequence of real numbers, then which of the following statements
is/are true?
(A) If {𝑥𝑛 }𝑛≥1 converges, then both {𝑥𝑛+ }𝑛≥1 and {𝑥𝑛− }𝑛≥1 converge
(B) If {𝑥𝑛 }𝑛≥1 converges to 0, then both {𝑥𝑛+ }𝑛≥1 and {𝑥𝑛− }𝑛≥1 converge to 0
(C) If both {𝑥𝑛+ }𝑛≥1 and {𝑥𝑛− }𝑛≥1 converge, then {𝑥𝑛 }𝑛≥1 converges
(D) If {𝑥𝑛2 }𝑛≥1 converges, then both {𝑥𝑛+ }𝑛≥1 and {𝑥𝑛− }𝑛≥1 converge
Page 39 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.51 0 4 1 0
Let 𝐴 be a 3 × 3 real matrix such that 𝐴 [1] = [0] , 𝐴 [0] = [4] and
1 0 1 0
1 0
𝐴 [1] = [0]. Then which of the following statements is/are true?
0 4
(A) 1 2
𝐴 [ 0] = [ 2 ]
0 −2
(B) 0 2
𝐴 [1] = [−2]
0 2
(C) 1 2
𝐴 [1] = [0]
1 2
(D) 1 8
𝐴 [ 2] = [4]
3 0
Page 40 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.52 Let 𝑋 be a positive valued continuous random variable with finite mean.
If 𝑌 = [𝑋 ], the largest integer less than or equal to 𝑋, then which of the
following statements is/are true?
(A) 𝑃(𝑌 ≤ 𝑢 ) ≤ 𝑃(𝑋 ≤ 𝑢) for all 𝑢 ≥ 0
(B) 𝑃(𝑌 ≥ 𝑢 ) ≤ 𝑃(𝑋 ≥ 𝑢) for all 𝑢 ≥ 0
(C) 𝐸 (𝑋 ) < 𝐸(𝑌)
(D) 𝐸 (𝑋 ) > 𝐸(𝑌)
𝑒 −𝑥 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≥ 0
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = {
For 𝑎 < 𝑏, if 𝑈(𝑎, 𝑏) denotes the uniform distribution over the interval (𝑎, 𝑏),
then which of the following statements is/are true?
(A) 𝑒 −𝑋 follows 𝑈(−1, 0) distribution
(B) 1 − 𝑒 −𝑋 follows 𝑈(0, 2) distribution
(C) 2𝑒 −𝑋 − 1 follows 𝑈(−1, 1) distribution
(D) The probability mass function of 𝑌 = [𝑋 ] is
𝑃(𝑌 = 𝑘 ) = (1 − 𝑒 −1 )𝑒 −𝑘 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑘 = 0, 1, 2, …,
where [𝑥] denotes the largest integer not exceeding 𝑥
Page 41 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.54 Suppose that 𝑋 is a discrete random variable with the following probability mass
function
1
𝑃 (𝑋 = 0) = (1 + 𝑒 −1 )
2
𝑒 −1
𝑃 (𝑋 = 𝑘 ) = 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑘 = 1, 2, 3, … .
2 𝑘!
Which of the following statements is/are true?
(A) 𝐸 (𝑋 ) = 1
(B) 𝐸 (𝑋 ) < 1
(C) 1
𝐸 (𝑋 | 𝑋 > 0) <
2
(D) 1
𝐸 (𝑋 | 𝑋 > 0) >
2
Page 42 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.55 Suppose that 𝑈 and 𝑉 are two independent and identically distributed random
variables each having probability density function
𝜆2 𝑥 𝑒 −𝜆𝑥 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 > 0
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = {
where 𝜆 > 0. Which of the following statements is/are true?
(A) The distribution of 𝑈 − 𝑉 is symmetric about 0
(B) The distribution of 𝑈𝑉 does not depend on 𝜆
(C) 𝑈
The distribution of does not depend on 𝜆
𝑉
(D) 𝑈
The distribution of is symmetric about 1
𝑉
Page 43 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.56 Let (𝑋, 𝑌) have joint probability mass function
𝑒 −2
𝑝(𝑥, 𝑦) = { 𝑥! (𝑦 − 𝑥)! 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 = 0, 1, 2, … , 𝑦; 𝑦 = 0, 1, 2, …
Then which of the following statements is/are true?
(A) 𝐸 (𝑋 | 𝑌 = 4) = 2
𝑣
(B) The moment generating function of 𝑌 is 𝑒 2(𝑒 −1) for all 𝑣 ∈ ℝ
(C) 𝐸 (𝑋 ) = 2
𝑢 )𝑒 𝑣
(D)
The joint moment generating function of (𝑋, 𝑌) is 𝑒 −2+(1+𝑒 for all
(𝑢, 𝑣 ) ∈ ℝ 2
Page 44 of 48
Statistics (ST)
variables with mean 0 and variance 1, all of them defined on the same
probability space. For 𝑛 = 1, 2, 3, … , let
1
𝑌𝑛 = (𝑋 𝑋 + 𝑋3 𝑋4 + ⋯ + 𝑋2𝑛−1 𝑋2𝑛 ).
𝑛 1 2
Then which of the following statements is/are true?
(A) {√𝑛 𝑌𝑛 }𝑛≥1 converges in distribution to a standard normal random variable
(B) {𝑌𝑛 }𝑛≥1 converges in 2nd mean to 0
(C) 1
{𝑌𝑛 + } converges in probability to 0
𝑛 𝑛≥1
(D) {𝑋𝑛 }𝑛≥1 converges almost surely to 0
Q.58 Consider the following regression model
𝑦𝑡 = 𝛼0 + 𝛼1 𝑡 + 𝛼2 𝑡 2 + 𝜖𝑡 , 𝑡 = 1, 2, … ,100,
where 𝛼0 , 𝛼1 and 𝛼2 are unknown parameters and 𝜖𝑡 ’s are independent and

identically distributed random variables each having 𝑁(𝜇, 1) distribution with
𝜇 ∈ ℝ unknown. Then which of the following statements is/are true?
(A) There exists an unbiased estimator of 𝛼1
(B) There exists an unbiased estimator of 𝛼2
(C) There exists an unbiased estimator of 𝛼0
(D) There exists an unbiased estimator of 𝜇
Page 45 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.59 Consider the orthonormal set
1 1
1
√3 √6
1 2 √2
𝑣1 = − , 𝑣2 = , 𝑣3 = 0
√3 √6 1
1 1 −
[ √2]
{ [ √3 ] [ √6 ] }
𝑎
3
with respect to the standard inner product on ℝ . If 𝑢 = [𝑏 ] is the vector such
𝑐
that inner products of 𝑢 with 𝑣1 , 𝑣2 and 𝑣3 are 1, 2 and 3, respectively, then
𝑎2 + 𝑏2 + 𝑐 2 (in integer) equals _______________
Q.60 Consider the probability space (Ω, 𝒢, 𝑃 ), where Ω = {1, 2, 3, 4},

1
𝒢 = {𝜙, Ω, {1}, {4}, {2, 3}, {1, 4}, {1, 2, 3}, {2, 3, 4}}, and 𝑃({1}) = .
4
Let 𝑋 be the random variable defined on the above probability space as
3
𝑋 (1) = 1, 𝑋(2) = 𝑋 (3) = 2 and 𝑋 (4) = 3. If 𝑃(𝑋 ≤ 2) = , then
4
𝑃({1, 4}) (rounded off to two decimal places) equals _______________
variables each having probability density function
𝑒 −𝑥 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 > 0
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = {
1
̅𝑛 =
For 𝑛 ≥ 1, let 𝑌𝑛 = |𝑋2𝑛 − 𝑋2𝑛−1 |. If 𝑌 ∑𝑛𝑖=1 𝑌𝑖 for 𝑛 ≥ 1 and
𝑛
{√𝑛 (𝑒 −𝑌̅𝑛 − 𝑒 −1 )}𝑛≥1 converges in distribution to a normal random variable
with mean 0 and variance 𝜎 2 , then 𝜎 2 (rounded off to two decimal places)
equals _________________
Page 46 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.62 Consider a birth-death process on the state space {0, 1, 2, 3}. The birth rates are
given by 𝜆0 = 1, 𝜆1 = 1, 𝜆2 = 2 and 𝜆3 = 0. The death rates are given by
𝜇0 = 0, 𝜇1 = 1, 𝜇2 = 1 and 𝜇3 = 1. If [𝜋0 , 𝜋1 , 𝜋2 , 𝜋3 ] is the unique
stationary distribution, then 𝜋0 + 2𝜋1 + 3𝜋2 + 4𝜋3 (rounded off to two
decimal places) equals _______________
Q.63 1 5
Let {−1, − , 1, , 3} be a realization of a random sample of size 5 from a
2 2
1
population having 𝑁 ( , 𝜎 2 ) distribution, where 𝜎 > 0 is an unknown
2
parameter. Let 𝑇 be an unbiased estimator of 𝜎 2 whose variance attains the
Cramer-Rao lower bound. Then based on the above data, the realized value of 𝑇
(rounded off to two decimal places) equals _______________
Q.64 Let 𝑋 be a random sample of size 1 from a population with cumulative

distribution function
0 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 < 0
𝐹 (𝑥 ) = { 1 − (1 − 𝑥 ) 𝜃 𝑖𝑓 0 ≤ 𝑥 < 1
1 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≥ 1,
where 𝜃 > 0 is an unknown parameter. To test 𝐻0 : 𝜃 = 1 against 𝐻1 : 𝜃 = 2,

consider using the critical region {𝑥 ∈ ℝ ∶ 𝑥 < 0.5}. If 𝛼 and 𝛽 denote the
level and power of the test, respectively, then 𝛼 + 𝛽 (rounded off to two
Page 47 of 48
Statistics (ST)
Q.65 Let {0.13, 0.12, 0.78, 0.51} be a realization of a random sample of size 4
from a population with cumulative distribution function 𝐹 (⋅). Consider testing
𝐻0 : 𝐹 = 𝐹0 against 𝐻1 : 𝐹 ≠ 𝐹0 ,
where
0 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 < 0
𝐹0 (𝑥) = { 𝑥 𝑖𝑓 0 ≤ 𝑥 < 1
1 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≥ 1.
Let 𝐷 denote the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test statistic. If 𝑃 (𝐷 > 0.669) = 0.01

under 𝐻0 and
1 𝑖𝑓 𝐻0 𝑖𝑠 𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑎𝑡 𝑙𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑙 0.01
𝜓={
then based on the given data, the observed value of 𝐷 + 𝜓 (rounded off to two
END OF QUESTION PAPER
Page 48 of 48
GATE 2023 Statistics (ST)
Question Type (QT)

Q. No. Session Subject Name (SN) Key/Range (KY) Mark (MK)
MCQ/MSQ/NAT
1 7 MCQ GA C 1
2 7 MCQ GA C 1
3 7 MCQ GA A 1
4 7 MCQ GA D 1
5 7 MCQ GA B 1
6 7 MCQ GA D 2
7 7 MCQ GA A 2
8 7 MCQ GA D 2
9 7 MCQ GA A 2
10 7 MCQ GA A 2
11 7 MCQ ST C 1
12 7 MCQ ST A 1
13 7 MCQ ST C 1
14 7 MCQ ST A 1
15 7 MCQ ST A 1
16 7 MCQ ST A 1
17 7 MCQ ST A 1
18 7 MCQ ST C 1
19 7 MCQ ST A 1
20 7 MCQ ST A 1
21 7 MCQ ST A 1
22 7 MCQ ST A 1
23 7 MCQ ST A 1
24 7 MCQ ST A 1
25 7 MCQ ST A 1
26 7 MCQ ST C 1
27 7 MCQ ST C 1
28 7 MCQ ST C 1
29 7 NAT ST 0.32 to 0.38 1
30 7 NAT ST 6.10 to 6.40 1
31 7 NAT ST 0.28 to 0.32 1
32 7 NAT ST 0 to 0 1
33 7 NAT ST 6 to 6 1
34 7 NAT ST 0.36 to 0.39 1
35 7 NAT ST 0.35 to 0.40 1
36 7 MCQ ST C 2
37 7 MCQ ST A 2
38 7 MCQ ST C 2
39 7 MCQ ST A 2
40 7 MCQ ST A 2
41 7 MCQ ST A 2
42 7 MCQ ST A 2
43 7 MCQ ST C 2
44 7 MCQ ST A 2
45 7 MCQ ST C 2
46 7 MCQ ST B 2
47 7 MCQ ST C 2
48 7 MCQ ST D 2
49 7 MSQ ST A, C, D 2
50 7 MSQ ST A, B, C 2
51 7 MSQ ST B, D 2
52 7 MSQ ST B, D 2
53 7 MSQ ST C, D 2
54 7 MSQ ST B, D 2
55 7 MSQ ST A, C 2
56 7 MSQ ST A, B, D 2
57 7 MSQ ST A, B, C 2
58 7 MSQ ST A, B 2
59 7 NAT ST 14 to 14 2
60 7 NAT ST 0.49 to 0.51 2
61 7 NAT ST 0.12 to 0.16 2
62 7 NAT ST 2.70 to 2.90 2
63 7 NAT ST 2.60 to 2.90 2
64 7 NAT ST 1.20 to 1.30 2
65 7 NAT ST 1.35 to 1.40 2
GATE 2022 General Aptitude (GA)
Q.1 – Q.5 Carry ONE mark each.
Q.1 Mr. X speaks _________ Japanese _________ Chinese.
(A) neither / or
(B) either / nor
(C) neither / nor
(D) also / but
Q.2 A sum of money is to be distributed among P, Q, R, and S in the

proportion 5 : 2 : 4 : 3, respectively.
If R gets ₹ 1000 more than S, what is the share of Q (in ₹)?
(A) 500
(B) 1000
(C) 1500
(D) 2000
Page 1
Q.3 A trapezium has vertices marked as P, Q, R and S (in that order anticlockwise).
The side PQ is parallel to side SR.
Further, it is given that, PQ = 11 cm, QR = 4 cm, RS = 6 cm and SP = 3 cm.
What is the shortest distance between PQ and SR (in cm)?
(A) 1.80
(B) 2.40
(C) 4.20
(D) 5.76
Page 2
Q.4 The figure shows a grid formed by a collection of unit squares. The unshaded
unit square in the grid represents a hole.
What is the maximum number of squares without a “hole in the interior” that
can be formed within the 4 × 4 grid using the unit squares as building blocks?
(A) 15
(B) 20
(C) 21
(D) 26
Page 3
Q.5 An art gallery engages a security guard to ensure that the items displayed are
protected. The diagram below represents the plan of the gallery where the
boundary walls are opaque. The location the security guard posted is identified
such that all the inner space (shaded region in the plan) of the gallery is within
the line of sight of the security guard.
If the security guard does not move around the posted location and has a 360o
view, which one of the following correctly represents the set of ALL possible
locations among the locations P, Q, R and S, where the security guard can be
posted to watch over the entire inner space of the gallery.
(A) P and Q
(B) Q
(C) Q and S
(D) R and S
Page 4
Q. 6 – Q. 10 Carry TWO marks each.
Q.6 Mosquitoes pose a threat to human health. Controlling mosquitoes using

chemicals may have undesired consequences. In Florida, authorities have used
genetically modified mosquitoes to control the overall mosquito population. It
remains to be seen if this novel approach has unforeseen consequences.
Which one of the following is the correct logical inference based on the
information in the above passage?
(A) Using chemicals to kill mosquitoes is better than using genetically modified
mosquitoes because genetic engineering is dangerous
(B) Using genetically modified mosquitoes is better than using chemicals to kill
mosquitoes because they do not have any side effects
(C) Both using genetically modified mosquitoes and chemicals have undesired
consequences and can be dangerous
(D) Using chemicals to kill mosquitoes may have undesired consequences but it is
not clear if using genetically modified mosquitoes has any negative
consequence
Page 5
Consider the following inequalities.
Q.7
(i) 2𝑥 − 1 > 7
(ii) 2𝑥 − 9 < 1
Which one of the following expressions below satisfies the above two
inequalities?
(A) 𝑥 ≤ −4
(B) −4 < 𝑥 ≤ 4
(C) 4 < 𝑥 < 5
(D) 𝑥 ≥ 5
Four points P(0, 1), Q(0, −3), R(−2, −1), and S(2, −1) represent the vertices
Q.8
of a quadrilateral.
What is the area enclosed by the quadrilateral?
(A) 4
(B) 4 2
(C) 8
(D) 8√2
Page 6
Q.9 In a class of five students P, Q, R, S and T, only one student is known to have
copied in the exam. The disciplinary committee has investigated the situation
and recorded the statements from the students as given below.
Statement of P: R has copied in the exam.
Statement of Q: S has copied in the exam.
Statement of R: P did not copy in the exam.
Statement of S: Only one of us is telling the truth.
Statement of T: R is telling the truth.
The investigating team had authentic information that S never lies.
Based on the information given above, the person who has copied in the exam is
(A) R
(B) P
(C) Q
(D) T
Page 7
Q.10 Consider the following square with the four corners and the
center marked as P, Q, R, S and T respectively.
Let X, Y and Z represent the following operations:
X: rotation of the square by 180 degree with respect to the

S-Q axis.
Y: rotation of the square by 180 degree with respect to the P-R axis.
Z: rotation of the square by 90 degree clockwise with respect to the axis

perpendicular, going into the screen and passing through the point T.
Consider the following three distinct sequences of operation (which are applied
in the left to right order).
(1) XYZZ
(2) XY
(3) ZZZZ
Which one of the following statements is correct as per the information

provided above?
(A) The sequence of operations (1) and (2) are equivalent
(B) The sequence of operations (1) and (3) are equivalent
(C) The sequence of operations (2) and (3) are equivalent
(D) The sequence of operations (1), (2) and (3) are equivalent
Page 8
Q.11 Let 𝑴 be a 2 × 2 real matrix such that (𝑰 + 𝑴) = 𝑰 − 𝛼𝑴, where 𝛼 is a non-zero

real number and 𝑰 is the 2 × 2 identity matrix. If the trace of the matrix 𝑴 is 3, then
the value of 𝛼 is
(A) 3
4
(B) 1
3
(C) 1
2
(D) 1
4
Page 9
Q.12 Let {𝑋(𝑡)} be a linear pure death process with death rate
𝜇 = 5𝑖, 𝑖 = 0, 1, … , 𝑁, 𝑁 ≥ 1 . Suppose that 𝑝 (𝑡) = 𝑃(𝑋(𝑡) = 𝑖). Then the
system of forward Kolmogorov’s equations is
(A) 𝑑𝑝 (𝑡) 𝑑𝑝 (𝑡)

= 5(𝑖 + 1)𝑝 (𝑡) + 5𝑖 𝑝 (𝑡) and = 5𝑁𝑝 (𝑡)
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
for 𝑖 = 0, 1, 2, … , 𝑁 − 1 with initial conditions 𝑝 (0) = 0 for 𝑖 ≠ 𝑁, and 𝑝 (0) = 1
(B) 𝑑𝑝 (𝑡) 𝑑𝑝 (𝑡)

= 5(𝑖 + 1)𝑝 (𝑡) − 5𝑖 𝑝 (𝑡) and = −5𝑁𝑝 (𝑡)
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
(C) 𝑑𝑝 (𝑡) 𝑑𝑝 (𝑡)

= 5(𝑖 + 1)𝑝 (𝑡) + 5𝑖 𝑝 (𝑡) and = 5𝑁𝑝 (𝑡)
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
(D) 𝑑𝑝 (𝑡) 𝑑𝑝 (𝑡)

= 5(𝑖 + 1)𝑝 (𝑡) − 5𝑖 𝑝 (𝑡) and = −5𝑁𝑝 (𝑡)
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
Page 10
Q.13 Let 𝑆 be the variance of a random sample of size 𝑛 > 1 from a normal population
with an unknown mean 𝜇 and an unknown finite variance 𝜎 > 0. Consider the
following statements:
(I) 𝑆 is an unbiased estimator of 𝜎 , and 𝑆 is an unbiased estimator of 𝜎.

(II) 𝑆 is a maximum likelihood estimator of 𝜎 , and 𝑆 is a
maximum likelihood estimator of 𝜎.
(A) (I) only
(B) (II) only
Page 11
Q.14 Let 𝑓: ℝ → ℝ be a function defined by
𝑥 𝑦
, (𝑥, 𝑦) ≠ (0,0),
𝑓 (𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 +𝑦
0, (𝑥, 𝑦) = (0,0).
(A) 𝑓 is bounded and is unbounded on ℝ
(B) 𝑓 is unbounded and is bounded on ℝ
(C) Both 𝑓 and are unbounded on ℝ
(D) Both 𝑓 and are bounded on ℝ
Page 12
Q.15 Let 𝑋 , 𝑋 , … , 𝑋 be a random sample from a distribution with cumulative

distribution function 𝐹 (𝑥 ). Let the empirical distribution function of the sample be
𝐹 (𝑥 ). The classical Kolmogorov-Smirnov goodness of fit test statistic is given by
𝑇 = √𝑛 𝐷 = √𝑛 sup |𝐹 (𝑥) − 𝐹(𝑥)|.
Consider the following statements:
(I) The distribution of 𝑇 is the same for all continuous underlying

distribution functions 𝐹(𝑥).
(II) 𝐷 converges to 0 almost surely, as 𝑛 → ∞.
(A) (I) only
(B) (II) only
Page 13
Q.16 Consider the following transition matrices 𝑷𝟏 and 𝑷𝟐 of two Markov chains:
1 0 0 1/6 1/3 1/2

𝑷𝟏 = 1/3 1/2 1/6 and 𝑷𝟐 = 1/4 0 3/4 .
0 0 1 0 1 0
(A) Both 𝑷𝟏 and 𝑷𝟐 have unique stationary distributions
(B) 𝑷𝟏 has a unique stationary distribution, but 𝑷𝟐 has infinitely many stationary
distributions
(C) 𝑷𝟏 has infinitely many stationary distributions, but 𝑷𝟐 has a unique stationary
distribution
(D) Neither 𝑷𝟏 nor 𝑷𝟐 has unique stationary distribution
Page 14
Q.17 Let 𝑿𝟏 , 𝑿𝟐 , … , 𝑿𝟐𝟎 be a random sample of size 20 from Ν (𝝁, 𝚺), with
det(𝚺) ≠ 0, and suppose both 𝝁 and 𝚺 are unknown. Let
1 1
𝑿= 𝑿 and 𝑺= (𝑿 − 𝑿) (𝑿 − 𝑿) .
20 19
Consider the following two statements:
(I) The distribution of 19 𝑺 is 𝑊 (19, 𝚺) (Wishart distribution of order 6

with 19 degrees of freedom).
(II) The distribution of (𝑿𝟑 − 𝝁) 𝑺 (𝑿𝟑 − 𝝁) is 𝜒 (Chi-square
distribution with 6 degrees of freedom).
Then which of the above statements is/are true?
(A) (I) only
(B) (II) only
Page 15
Q.18 Let 𝑋 , 𝑋 , … , 𝑋 be a random sample from the distribution
2𝑥 /
𝑒 , 𝑥 > 0,
𝑓(𝑥; 𝜃) = 𝜃
0, 𝑥 ≤ 0.
Let 𝜒 , denote the value of a Chi-square random variable 𝑌 with 𝑛 degrees of

freedom such that 𝑃 𝑌 > 𝜒 , = 𝛼. If 𝑥 , 𝑥 , … , 𝑥 is a realization of this random
sample, then, based on the sufficient statistic ∑ 𝑋 , which one of the following
is a 98% confidence interval for 𝜃?
(A) 2∑ 𝑥 2∑ 𝑥
,
𝜒 . , 𝜒. ,
(B) 2∑ 𝑥 2∑ 𝑥
,
𝜒 . , 𝜒. ,
(C) ∑ 𝑥 ∑ 𝑥
,
𝜒 . , 𝜒 . ,
(D) ∑ 𝑥 ∑ 𝑥
,
𝜒 . , 𝜒 . ,
Page 16
Q.19 Let 𝑋 , 𝑋 , … , 𝑋 be a random sample from a population 𝑓(𝑥; 𝜃), where 𝜃 is a

parameter. Then which one of the following statements is NOT true?
(A) ∑ 𝑋 is a complete and sufficient statistic for 𝜃, if
𝑒 𝜃
𝑓 (𝑥; 𝜃 ) = , 𝑥 = 0, 1, 2, … , and 𝜃 > 0
𝑥!
(B) (∑ 𝑋 , ∑ 𝑋 ) is a complete and sufficient statistic for 𝜃, if
1 ( )
𝑓(𝑥; 𝜃) = 𝑒 , −∞ < 𝑥 < ∞, 𝜃 > 0
√2𝜋 𝜃
(C) 𝑓 (𝑥; 𝜃 ) = 𝜃𝑥 , 0 < 𝑥 < 1, 𝜃 > 0 has monotone likelihood ratio property in
∏ 𝑋
(D) 𝑋( ) − 𝑋( ) is ancillary statistic for 𝜃 if 𝑓(𝑥; 𝜃) = 1, 0 < 𝜃 < 𝑥 < 𝜃 + 1, where

𝑋( ) = min{𝑋 , 𝑋 , … , 𝑋 } and 𝑋( ) = max{𝑋 , 𝑋 , … , 𝑋 }
Page 17
Q.20 A random sample 𝑋 , 𝑋 , … , 𝑋 of size 6 is taken from a Bernoulli distribution with

the parameter 𝜃. The null hypothesis 𝐻 : 𝜃 = is to be tested against the alternative
hypothesis 𝐻 : 𝜃 > , based on the statistic 𝑌 = ∑ 𝑋 . If the value of 𝑌
corresponding to the observed sample values is 4, then the 𝑝-value of the test
statistic is
(A) 21
32
(B) 9
64
(C) 11
32
(D) 7
64
Page 18
Q.21 Let {𝑎 } be a sequence of positive real numbers satisfying
8 7 𝑎
= + , 𝑛≥1
𝑎 𝑎 343
with 𝑎 = 3 and 𝑎 < 7 for all 𝑛 ≥ 2.
(I) {𝑎 } is monotonically increasing.

(II) {𝑎 } converges to a value in the interval [3, 7].
(A) (I) only
(B) (II) only
Q.22 Let 𝑴 be any square matrix of arbitrary order 𝑛 such that 𝑴 = 𝟎 and the nullity
of 𝑴 is 6. Then the maximum possible value of 𝑛 (in integer) is ______
Page 19
Q.23 Consider the usual inner product in ℝ . Let 𝒖 ∈ ℝ be a unit vector orthogonal to
the subspace
𝑆 = {(𝑥 , 𝑥 , 𝑥 , 𝑥 ) ∈ ℝ | 𝑥 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 = 0}.
If 𝒗 = (1, −2, 1, 1) , and the vectors 𝒖 and 𝒗 − 𝛼𝒖, 𝛼 ∈ ℝ, are orthogonal, then the
value of 𝛼 (rounded off to two decimal places) is equal to ______
Q.24 Let {𝐵(𝑡)} be a standard Brownian motion and let Φ(⋅) be the cumulative
distribution function of the standard normal distribution. If
1
𝑃 𝐵(2) + 2𝐵(3) > 1 = 1 − Φ , 𝛼 > 0,
√𝛼
then the value of 𝛼 (in integer) is equal to ______
Q.25 Let 𝑋 and 𝑌 be two independent exponential random variables with 𝐸(𝑋 ) = and
𝐸(𝑌 ) = . Then 𝑃(𝑋 < 2𝑌) (rounded off to two decimal places) is equal
to ______
Q.26
Let 𝑋 be a random variable with the probability mass function 𝑝 (𝑥 ) = ,
𝑥 = 1, 2, 3, … . Then the value of
𝑃(𝑛 < 𝑋 ≤ 𝑛 + 3)
(rounded off to two decimal places) is equal to _______
Page 20
Q.27 Let 𝑋 , 𝑖 = 1, 2, … , 𝑛, be 𝑖. 𝑖. 𝑑. random variables from a normal distribution with

mean 1 and variance 4. Let 𝑆 = 𝑋 + 𝑋 + ⋯ + 𝑋 . If 𝑉𝑎𝑟(𝑆 ) denotes the
variance of 𝑆 , then the value of
𝑉𝑎𝑟(𝑆 ) 𝐸(𝑆 )
lim −
→ 𝑛 𝑛
(in integer) is equal to _______
Q.28 At a telephone exchange, telephone calls arrive independently at an average rate of

1 call per minute, and the number of telephone calls follows a Poisson distribution.
Five time intervals, each of duration 2 minutes, are chosen at random. Let 𝑝 denote
the probability that in each of the five time intervals at most 1 call arrives at the
telephone exchange. Then 𝑒 𝑝 (in integer) is equal to _______
Q.29 Let 𝑋 be a random variable with the probability density function
𝑐(𝑥 − [𝑥]), 0 < 𝑥 < 3,

𝑓(𝑥 ) =
0, elsewhere,
where 𝑐 is a constant and [𝑥] denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to 𝑥. If
𝐴 = , 2 , then 𝑃(𝑋 ∈ 𝐴) (rounded off to two decimal places) is equal to ______
Page 21
Q.30 Let 𝑋 and 𝑌 be two random variables such that the moment generating function of
𝑋 is 𝑀(𝑡 ) and the moment generating function of 𝑌 is
3 1
𝐻(𝑡 ) = 𝑒 + 𝑀(𝑡 ),
4 4
where 𝑡 ∈ (−ℎ, ℎ), ℎ > 0. If the mean and the variance of 𝑋 are and ,
respectively, then the variance of 𝑌 (in integer) is equal to _______
Q.31 Let 𝑋 , 𝑖 = 1, 2, … 𝑛, be 𝑖. 𝑖. 𝑑. random variables with the probability density

function
/ /
𝑥 𝑒 , 0 < 𝑥 < ∞,
√
𝑓 (𝑥 ) =
0, elsewhere,
where Γ(⋅) denotes the gamma function. Also, let 𝑋 = (𝑋 + 𝑋 + ⋯ + 𝑋 ). If
√ 𝑛 𝑋 (3 − 𝑋 ) − converges to Ν(0, 𝜎 ) in distribution, then 𝜎 (rounded

off to two decimal places) is equal to _______
Q.32 Consider a Poisson process {𝑋(𝑡), 𝑡 ≥ 0}. The probability mass function of 𝑋(𝑡) is
given by
𝑒 (4𝑡)
𝑓 (𝑡) = , 𝑛 = 0, 1, 2, …
𝑛!
If 𝐶 (𝑡 , 𝑡 ) is the covariance function of the Poisson process, then the value of
𝐶(5, 3) (in integer) is equal to ______
Page 22
Q.33 A random sample of size 4 is taken from the distribution with the probability density
function
2(𝜃 − 𝑥)
𝑓(𝑥; 𝜃) = , 0 < 𝑥 < 𝜃,
𝜃
0, elsewhere.
If the observed sample values are 6, 5, 3, 6, then the method of moments estimate
(in integer) of the parameter 𝜃, based on these observations, is ______
Q.34 A company sometimes stops payments of quarterly dividends. If the company pays
the quarterly dividend, the probability that the next one will be paid is 0.7. If the
company stops the quarterly dividend, the probability that the next quarterly
dividend will not be paid is 0.5. Then the probability (rounded off to three
decimal places) that the company will not pay quarterly dividend in the long run
is ______
Q.35 Let 𝑋 , 𝑋 , … , 𝑋 be a random sample taken from a distribution with the probability
density function
𝑥
, 0 < 𝑥 < 4,
𝑓 (𝑥) = 8
0, elsewhere.
Let 𝐹 (𝑥 ) be the empirical distribution function of the sample. If 𝛼 is the variance

of 𝐹 (2), then 128𝛼 (in integer) is equal to ______
Page 23
Q.36 Let 𝑴 be a 3 × 3 real symmetric matrix with eigenvalues −1, 1, 2 and the
corresponding unit eigenvectors 𝒖, 𝒗, 𝒘, respectively. Let 𝒙 and 𝒚 be two vectors in
ℝ such that
𝑴𝒙 = 𝒖 + 2(𝒗 + 𝒘) and 𝑴 𝒚 = 𝒖 − (𝒗 + 2𝒘).
Considering the usual inner product in ℝ , the value of |𝒙 + 𝒚| , where |𝒙 + 𝒚| is

the length of the vector 𝒙 + 𝒚, is
(A) 1.25
(B) 0.25
(C) 0.75
(D) 1
Page 24
Q.37 Consider the following infinite series:
𝑛
𝑆 := (−1) and 𝑆 := (−1) 𝑛 +1 −𝑛 .
𝑛 +4
Which of the above series is/are conditionally convergent?
(A) 𝑆 only
(B) 𝑆 only
(C) Both 𝑆 and 𝑆
(D) Neither 𝑆 nor 𝑆
Q.38 Let (3, 6) , (4, 4) , (5, 7) and (4, 7) be four independent observations from a
bivariate normal distribution with the mean vector 𝝁 and the covariance matrix 𝚺. Let
𝝁 and 𝚺 be the maximum likelihood estimates of 𝝁 and 𝚺, respectively, based on
these observations. Then 𝚺𝝁 is equal to
(A) 3.5
10
(B) 7.5
4
(C) 4
13.5
(D) 10
3.5
Page 25
Q.39 𝑋 2 4 −1 1
Let 𝑿 = 𝑋 follow Ν (𝝁, 𝚺) with 𝝁 = −3 and 𝚺 = −1 2 𝑎 , where
𝑋 2 1 𝑎 2
𝑎 ∈ ℝ. Suppose that the partial correlation coefficient between 𝑋 and 𝑋 , keeping
𝑋 fixed, is . Then 𝑎 is equal to
(A) 1
(B) 3
2
(C) 2
(D) 1
2
Page 26
Q.40 If the line 𝑦 = 𝛼𝑥, 𝛼 ≥ √2, divides the area of the region
𝑅: = {(𝑥, 𝑦) ∈ ℝ | 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝑦 , 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 2}
into two equal parts, then the value of 𝛼 is equal to
(A) 3
√2
(B) 2√2
(C) √2
(D) 5
2√2
Page 27
Q.41 Let (𝑋, 𝑌, 𝑍) be a random vector with the joint probability density function
1
(2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 𝑧), 0 < 𝑥 < 1, 0 < 𝑦 < 1, 0 < 𝑧 < 1,
𝑓 , , (𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = 3
0, elsewhere.
Then which one of the following points is on the regression surface of 𝑋 on (𝑌, 𝑍) ?
(A) 4 1 1
, ,
7 3 3
(B) 6 2 2
, ,
7 3 3
(C) 1 1 2
, ,
2 3 3
(D) 1 2 1
, ,
2 3 3
Page 28
Q.42 A random sample 𝑋 of size one is taken from a distribution with the probability
density function
2𝑥
, 0 < 𝑥 < 𝜃,
𝑓(𝑥; 𝜃) = 𝜃
0, elsewhere.
If is used as a pivot for obtaining the confidence interval for 𝜃, then which one of
the following is an 80% confidence interval (confidence limits rounded off to three
decimal places) for 𝜃 based on the observed sample value 𝑥 = 10 ?
(A) (10.541, 31.623)
(B) (10.987, 31.126)
(C) (11.345, 30.524)
(D) (11.267, 30.542)
Page 29
Q.43 Let 𝑋 , 𝑋 , …, 𝑋 be a random sample from a normal population with mean 0 and
variance 𝜃 > 0. Let
𝑋 +𝑋
𝐾= .
𝑋 +𝑋 +⋯+𝑋
(I) The statistics 𝐾 and 𝑋 + 𝑋 + ⋯ + 𝑋 are independent.
(II) has an 𝐹-distribution with 2 and 7 degrees of freedom.
(III) 𝐸 (𝐾 ) = .
(A) (I) and (II) only
(B) (I) and (III) only
(C) (II) and (III) only
(D) (I) only
Page 30
Q.44 Consider the following statements:
(I) Let a random variable 𝑋 have the probability density function
1 | |
𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑒 , −∞ < 𝑥 < ∞.
2
Then there exist 𝑖. 𝑖. 𝑑. random variables 𝑋 and 𝑋 such that 𝑋 and

𝑋 − 𝑋 have the same distribution.
(II) Let a random variable 𝑌 have the probability density function
1
, − 2 < 𝑦 < 2,
𝑓 (𝑦) = 4
0, elsewhere.
Then there exist 𝑖. 𝑖. 𝑑. random variables 𝑌 and 𝑌 such that 𝑌 and

𝑌 − 𝑌 have the same distribution.
(A) (I) only
(B) (II) only
Page 31
Q.45 Suppose 𝑋 , 𝑋 , … , 𝑋 , … are independent exponential random variables with the

mean . Let the notation 𝑖. 𝑜. denote ‘infinitely often’. Then which of the following
is/are true?
(A) 𝑃 𝑋 > log 𝑛 𝑖. 𝑜. = 1 for 0 < 𝜖 ≤ 1
(B) 𝑃 𝑋 < log 𝑛 𝑖. 𝑜. = 1 for 0 < 𝜖 ≤ 1
(C) 𝑃 𝑋 > log 𝑛 𝑖. 𝑜. = 1 for ϵ > 1
(D) 𝑃 𝑋 < log 𝑛 𝑖. 𝑜. = 1 for ϵ > 1
Page 32
Q.46 Let {𝑋 }, 𝑛 ≥ 1, be a sequence of random variables with the probability mass

functions
𝑛
⎧𝑛 + 1 , 𝑥 = 0,
⎪
𝑝 (𝑥) = 1
⎨𝑛 + 1 , 𝑥 = 𝑛,
⎪
⎩ 0, elsewhere.
Let 𝑋 be a random variable with 𝑃(𝑋 = 0) = 1. Then which of the following

statements is/are true?
(A) 𝑋 converges to 𝑋 in distribution
(B) 𝑋 converges to 𝑋 in probability
(C) 𝐸(𝑋 ) ⎯ 𝐸(𝑋)
(D) There exists a subsequence {𝑋 } of {𝑋 } such that 𝑋 converges to 𝑋 almost

surely
Page 33
Q.47 Let 𝑴 be any 3 × 3 symmetric matrix with eigenvalues 1, 2 and 3. Let 𝑵 be any
3 × 3 matrix with real eigenvalues such that 𝑴𝑵 + 𝑵 𝑴 = 3𝑰, where 𝑰 is the
3 × 3 identity matrix. Then which of the following cannot be eigenvalue(s) of the
matrix 𝑵 ?
(A) 1
4
3
(B)
4
1
(C)
2
7
(D)
4
Q.38 Let 𝑴 be a 3 × 2 real matrix having a singular value decomposition as 𝑴 = 𝑼𝑺𝑽 ,
where the matrix 𝑺 = √3 0 0 , 𝑼 is a 3 × 3 orthogonal matrix, and 𝑽 is a

0 1 0
2 × 2 orthogonal matrix. Then which of the following statements is/are true?
(A) The rank of the matrix 𝑴 is 1
(B) The trace of the matrix 𝑴 𝑴 is 4
(C) The largest singular value of the matrix (𝑴 𝑴) 𝑴 is 1
(D) The nullity of the matrix 𝑴 is 1
Page 34
Q.49 Let 𝑋 be a random variable such that

𝑎
𝑃 𝑋 ∈ ℤ = 1, 𝑎 > 0,
2𝜋
where ℤ denotes the set of all integers. If 𝜙 (𝑡), 𝑡 ∈ ℝ, denotes the characteristic
function of 𝑋, then which of the following is/are true?
(A) 𝜙 (𝑎) = 1
(B) 𝜙 (⋅) is periodic with period 𝑎
(C) |𝜙 (𝑡)| < 1 for all 𝑡 ≠ 𝑎
(D) ∫ 𝑒 𝜙 (𝑡)𝑑𝑡 = 𝜋 𝑃 𝑋 = , 𝑛 ∈ ℤ, 𝑖 = √−1
Q.50 Which of the following real valued functions is/are uniformly continuous on
[0, ∞)?
(A) sin 𝑥
(B) 𝑥 sin 𝑥
(C) sin(sin 𝑥)
(D) sin(𝑥 sin 𝑥)
Page 35
Q.51 Two independent random samples, each of size 7, from two populations yield the
following values:
Population 1 18 20 16 20 17 18 14
Population 2 17 18 14 20 14 13 16
If Mann-Whitney 𝑈 test is performed at 5% level of significance to test the null

hypothesis 𝐻 : Distributions of the populations are same, against the alternative
hypothesis 𝐻 : Distributions of the populations are not same, then the value of the
test statistic 𝑈 (in integer) for the given data, is ______
Q.52 Consider the multiple regression model
𝑌 = 𝛽 + 𝛽 𝑋 + 𝛽 𝑋 + 𝛽 𝑋 + 𝜖,
where 𝜖 is normally distributed with mean 0 and variance 𝜎 > 0, and

𝛽 , 𝛽 , 𝛽 , 𝛽 are unknown parameters. Suppose 52 observations of (𝑌, 𝑋 , 𝑋 , 𝑋 )
yield sum of squares due to regression as 18.6 and total sum of squares as 79.23.
Then, for testing the null hypothesis 𝐻 : 𝛽 = 𝛽 = 𝛽 = 0 against the alternative
hypothesis 𝐻 : 𝛽 ≠ 0 for some 𝑖 = 1, 2, 3, the value of the test statistic (rounded
off to three decimal places), based on one way analysis of variance, is _______
Page 36
Q.53 Suppose a random sample of size 3 is taken from a distribution with the probability
density function
2𝑥, 0 < 𝑥 < 1,

𝑓(𝑥 ) =
0, elsewhere.
If 𝑝 is the probability that the largest sample observation is at least twice the smallest
sample observation, then the value of 𝑝 (rounded off to three decimal places)
is ______
Q.54 Let a linear model 𝑌 = 𝛽 + 𝛽 𝑋 + 𝜖 be fitted to the following data, where 𝜖 is

normally distributed with mean 0 and unknown variance 𝜎 > 0.
𝑥 0 1 2 3 4
𝑦 3 4 5 6 7
Let 𝑌 denote the ordinary least-square estimator of 𝑌 at 𝑋 = 6, and the variance of

of 𝑌 = 𝑐𝜎 . Then the value of the real constant 𝑐 (rounded off to one decimal
place) is equal to ______
Q.55 Let 0, 1, 1, 2, 0 be five observations of a random variable 𝑋 which follows a Poisson

distribution with the parameter 𝜃 > 0. Let the minimum variance unbiased estimate
of 𝑃(𝑋 ≤ 1), based on this data, be 𝛼. Then 5 𝛼 (in integer) is equal to ______
Page 37
Q.56 While calculating Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, based on 𝑛 observations

{(𝑥 , 𝑦 ), 𝑖 = 1,2, … , 𝑛} from a paired data, it is found that 𝑥 are distinct for all
𝑖 ≥ 2, 𝑥 = 𝑥 , and ∑ 𝑑 = 19.5, where 𝑑 = rank(𝑥 ) − rank(𝑦 ). Then the
minimum possible value of 𝑛 − 𝑛 (in integer) is ______
Q.57 In a laboratory experiment, the behavior of cats are studied for a particular food
preference between two foods A and B. For an experiment, 70% of the cats that
had food A will prefer food A, and 50% of the cats that had food B will prefer food
A. The experiment is repeated under identical conditions. If 40% of the cats had
food A in the first experiment, then the percentage (rounded off to one decimal
place) of cats those will prefer food A in the third experiment, is ______
Q.58 A random sample of size 5 is taken from a distribution with the probability density
function
3𝑥
, 0 < 𝑥 < 𝜃,
𝑓 (𝑥; 𝜃 ) = 𝜃
0, elsewhere,
where 𝜃 is an unknown parameter. If the observed values of the random sample are
3, 6, 4, 7, 5, then the maximum likelihood estimate of the th quantile of the
distribution (rounded off to one decimal place) is ______
Page 38
Q.59 Consider a gamma distribution with the probability density function
1 /
𝑥 𝑒 , 𝑥 > 0,
𝑓(𝑥; 𝛽) = 24 𝛽
0, elsewhere,
with 𝛽 > 0. Then, for 𝛽 = 2, the value of the Cramer-Rao lower bound (rounded
off to one decimal place) for the variance of any unbiased estimator of 𝛽 , based
on a random sample of size 8 from this distribution, is ______
Q.60 Let 𝑋 , 𝑋 , 𝑋 , 𝑋 be a random sample of size four from a Bernoulli distribution

with the parameter 𝜃, 0 < 𝜃 < 1. Consider the null hypothesis 𝐻 : 𝜃 = against
the alternative hypothesis 𝐻 : 𝜃 > . Suppose 𝐻 is rejected if and only if
𝑋 + 𝑋 + 𝑋 + 𝑋 > 2. If 𝛼 is the probability of Type I error for the test and 𝛾(𝜃)
is the power function of the test, then the value of 16𝛼 + 7 𝛾 (in integer) is
equal to ______
Q.61 Given that Φ(1.645) = 0.95 and Φ(2.33) = 0.99, where Φ(⋅) denotes the
cumulative distribution function of a standard normal random variable. For a
random sample 𝑋 , 𝑋 , … , 𝑋 from a normal population Ν(𝜇, 2 ), where 𝜇 is
unknown, the null hypothesis 𝐻 : 𝜇 = 10 is to be tested against the alternative
hypothesis 𝐻 : 𝜇 = 12. Suppose that a test that rejects 𝐻 if the sample mean 𝑋 is
large, is used. Then the smallest value of 𝑛 (in integer) such that Type I error is
0.05 and Type II error is at most 0.01, is ______
Page 39
Q.62 Let 𝑌 < 𝑌 < ⋯ < 𝑌 be the order statistics of a random sample of size 𝑛 from
a continuous distribution, which is symmetric about its mean 𝜇. Then the smallest
value of 𝑛 (in integer) such that 𝑃(𝑌 < 𝜇 < 𝑌 ) ≥ 0.99, is ______
Q.63 If 𝑃(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) is a point which is nearest to the origin and lies on the intersection of
the surfaces 𝑧 = 𝑥𝑦 + 5 and 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 1. Then the distance (in integer)
between the origin and the point 𝑃 is ______
Q.64 Let 𝑋 and 𝑌 be random variables such that 𝑋 is uniformly distributed over (0, 4),
and the conditional distribution of 𝑌 given 𝑋 = 𝑥 is uniformly distributed over
0, . Then 𝐸(𝑌 ) (rounded off to three decimal places) is equal to _____
Q.65 Let 𝑿 = (𝑋 , 𝑋 , 𝑋 ) be a random vector with the distribution Ν (𝝁, 𝚺), where
3 4 2 1
𝝁= 2 and 𝚺= 2 3 0 .
4 1 0 2
Then 𝐸(𝑋 |(𝑋 = 4, 𝑋 = 7)) (in integer) is equal to ______
Page 40
Q. No. Session Question Subject Key/Range Mark
Type Name
1 3 MCQ GA C 1
2 3 MCQ GA D 1
3 3 MCQ GA B 1
4 3 MCQ GA B 1
5 3 MCQ GA C 1
6 3 MCQ GA D 2
7 3 MCQ GA C 2
8 3 MCQ GA C 2
9 3 MCQ GA B 2
10 3 MCQ GA B 2
11 3 MCQ ST D 1
12 3 MCQ ST B 1
13 3 MCQ ST B 1
14 3 MCQ ST B 1
15 3 MCQ ST C 1
16 3 MCQ ST C 1
17 3 MCQ ST A 1
18 3 MCQ ST A 1
19 3 MCQ ST B 1
20 3 MCQ ST C 1
21 3 MCQ ST C 1
22 3 NAT ST 12 to 12 1
23 3 NAT ST 0.25 to 0.25 1
24 3 NAT ST 22 to 22 1
25 3 NAT ST 0.55 to 0.59 1
26 3 NAT ST 2.30 to 2.32 1
27 3 NAT ST 23 to 23 1
28 3 NAT ST 243 to 243 1
29 3 NAT ST 0.57 to 0.59 1
30 3 NAT ST 1 to 1 1
31 3 NAT ST 1.18 to 1.19 1
32 3 NAT ST 12 to 12 1
33 3 NAT ST 15 to 15 1
34 3 NAT ST 0.375 to 0.375 1
35 3 NAT ST 3 to 3 1
36 3 MCQ ST A 2
37 3 MCQ ST C 2
38 3 MCQ ST A 2
39 3 MCQ ST A 2
40 3 MCQ ST A 2
41 3 MCQ ST A 2
42 3 MCQ ST A 2
43 3 MCQ ST B 2
44 3 MCQ ST A 2
45 3 MSQ ST A, B, D 2
46 3 MSQ ST A, B, D 2
47 3 MSQ ST A, D 2
48 3 MSQ ST B, C 2
49 3 MSQ ST A, B 2
50 3 MSQ ST A, C 2
51 3 NAT ST 15 to 15 2
52 3 NAT ST 4.907 to 4.909 2
53 3 NAT ST 0.436 to 0.439 2
54 3 NAT ST 1.8 to 1.8 2
55 3 NAT ST 512 to 512 2
56 3 NAT ST 60 to 60 2
57 3 NAT ST 61.5 to 61.7 2
58 3 NAT ST 3.5 to 3.5 2
59 3 NAT ST 1.6 to 1.6 2
60 3 NAT ST 3 to 3 2
61 3 NAT ST 16 to 16 2
62 3 NAT ST 8 to 8 2
63 3 NAT ST 3 to 3 2
64 3 NAT ST 1.065 to 1.069 2
65 3 NAT ST 6 to 6 2
GATE 2020 IIT Delhi
Organising Institute
Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering 2020
Home Information Brochure GATE International Pre Examination Important Dates FAQs Contact Us
ST: Statistics
GA - General Aptitude
Q1 - Q5 carry one mark each.
Q.No. 1
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 2
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 3
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 4
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 5
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q6 - Q10 carry two marks each.

Q.No. 6
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 7
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 8
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 9
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 10
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
ST: Statistics
Q1 - Q25 carry one mark each.
Q.No. 1
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 2
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 3
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 4
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 5
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 6
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 7
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 8
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 9
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 10
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 11
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 12
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 13
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 14
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 15
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 16
Q.No. 17
Q.No. 18
Q.No. 19
Q.No. 20
Q.No. 21
Q.No. 22
Q.No. 23
Q.No. 24
Q.No. 25
Q26 - Q55 carry two marks each.

Q.No. 26
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 27
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 28
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 29
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 30
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 31
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 32
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 33
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 34
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 35
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 36
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 37
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 38
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 39
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 40
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.No. 41
Q.No. 42
Q.No. 43
Q.No. 44
Q.No. 45
Q.No. 46
Q.No. 47
Q.No. 48
Q.No. 49
Q.No. 50
Q.No. 51
Q.No. 52
Q.No. 53
Q.No. 54
Q.No. 55
Copyright : GATE 2020, IIT Delhi

GATE 2020 IIT Delhi
Organising Institute
Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering 2020
Home Information Brochure GATE International Pre Examination Important Dates FAQs Contact Us
Answer Key - ST: Statistics
Q.No. Session Que.Type Sec. Name Key Marks
1 3 MCQ GA C 1
2 3 MCQ GA B 1
3 3 MCQ GA D 1
4 3 MCQ GA D 1
5 3 MCQ GA B 1
6 3 MCQ GA D 2
7 3 MCQ GA C 2
8 3 MCQ GA B 2
9 3 MCQ GA B 2
10 3 MCQ GA B 2
1 3 MCQ ST D 1
2 3 MCQ ST A 1
3 3 MCQ ST D 1
4 3 MCQ ST D 1
5 3 MCQ ST D 1
6 3 MCQ ST D 1
7 3 MCQ ST D 1
8 3 MCQ ST A 1
9 3 MCQ ST C 1
10 3 MCQ ST C 1
11 3 MCQ ST B 1
12 3 MCQ ST B 1
13 3 MCQ ST C 1
14 3 MCQ ST C 1
15 3 MCQ ST A 1
16 3 NAT ST 0.75 to 0.75 1
17 3 NAT ST 0.5 to 0.5 1
18 3 NAT ST 16.25 to 16.25 1
19 3 NAT ST 3.5 to 3.5 1
20 3 NAT ST 2.1 to 2.1 1
21 3 NAT ST 4 to 4 1
22 3 NAT ST 0.75 to 0.75 OR 75 to 75 1
23 3 NAT ST 2 to 2 1
24 3 NAT ST 0 to 0 1
25 3 NAT ST 2 to 2 1
26 3 MCQ ST C 2
27 3 MCQ ST C 2
28 3 MCQ ST C 2
29 3 MCQ ST B 2
30 3 MCQ ST A 2
31 3 MCQ ST C 2
32 3 MCQ ST B 2
33 3 MCQ ST B 2
34 3 MCQ ST D 2
35 3 MCQ ST B 2
36 3 MCQ ST C 2
37 3 MCQ ST A 2
38 3 MCQ ST C 2
39 3 MCQ ST A 2
40 3 MCQ ST C 2
41 3 NAT ST 341 to 341 2
42 3 NAT ST 0.7 to 0.7 2
43 3 NAT ST 1.5 to 1.5 2
44 3 NAT ST 1.61 to 1.63 2
45 3 NAT ST 4 to 4 2
46 3 NAT ST 1 to 1 2
47 3 NAT ST 0.12 to 0.12 2
48 3 NAT ST 0.25 to 0.25 2
49 3 NAT ST 18 to 18 2
50 3 NAT ST 16 to 16 2
51 3 NAT ST 7 to 7 2
52 3 NAT ST 22 to 22 2
53 3 NAT ST 1.5 to 1.5 2
54 3 NAT ST 1.8 to 1.8 2
55 3 NAT ST 0.5 to 0.5 2
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GATE Statistics PYQ (2023-2019)

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Statistics (ST)

General Aptitude (GA)

Q.2 Eject : Insert : : Advance : _______

(By word meaning)

(A) Donald Duck always lies.

(B) Donald Duck always tells the truth.

(C) Donald Duck’s statement is true.

(D) Donald Duck’s statement is false.

Q.6 – Q.10 Carry TWO marks Each

(A) No human is intelligent.

(B) All humans are intelligent.

(C) Some non-humans are intelligent.

(D) Some intelligent beings are humans.

(A) mean = median ≠ mode

(B) mean = median = mode

(C) mean ≠ median = mode

(D) mean ≠ mode = median

log 𝑎 𝑐, log 𝑐 𝑎, log 𝑏 𝑎, log 𝑎 𝑏

Which one of the following inequalities is CORRECT?

(A) log 𝑐 𝑎 < log 𝑏 𝑎 < log 𝑎 𝑏 < log 𝑎 𝑐

(B) log 𝑐 𝑎 < log 𝑎 𝑏 < log 𝑏 𝑎 < log 𝑏 𝑐

(C) log 𝑐 𝑎 < log 𝑏 𝑎 < log 𝑎 𝑐 < log 𝑎 𝑏

(D) log 𝑏 𝑎 < log 𝑐 𝑎 < log 𝑎 𝑏 < log 𝑎 𝑐

The area of the shaded region is _______ cm2 .

Q.11 – Q.35 Carry ONE mark Each

Q.12 Let 𝐴 be a 3 × 3 real matrix having eigenvalues 1, 0, and −1.

Q.13 Consider the following statements.

(I) Let 𝐴 and 𝐵 be two 𝑛 × 𝑛 real matrices. If 𝐵 is invertible, then

Which of the above statements is/are true?

(A) Only (I)

(B) Only (II)

(C) Both (I) and (II)

(D) Neither (I) nor (II)

Q.14 Consider the probability space (Ω, 𝒢, 𝑃 ), where Ω = [0, 2] and

(C) Neither 𝑋 nor 𝑌 is a random variable with respect to 𝒢

(D) Both 𝑋 and 𝑌 are random variables with respect to 𝒢

Q.16 Let 𝑋 be a random variable with probability density function

(A) (1, log𝑒 2)

(C) (2, log𝑒 2)

(D) (1, log 𝑒 3)

Q.18 Suppose that 𝑋 has the probability density function

(A) 𝐸 (𝑋 ) exists for all 𝛼 > 0 and 𝜆 > 0

(B) Variance of 𝑋 exists for all 𝛼 > 0 and 𝜆 > 0

(D) 𝐸 (log 𝑒 (1 + 𝑋 )) exists for all 𝛼 > 0 and 𝜆 > 0

Q.19 Let (𝑋, 𝑌) have joint probability density function

8𝑥𝑦 𝑖𝑓 0 < 𝑥 < 𝑦 < 1

(C) If {𝑋𝑛 }𝑛≥1 converges in distribution to 𝑋 and {𝑌𝑛 }𝑛≥1 converges in

Q.22 Let 𝑋 be a random variable with probability density function

(B) √𝑌̅ is a method of moments estimator of 𝜆

(D) 2√𝑌̅ is a method of moments estimator of 𝜆

Q.23 Let 𝑋1 , 𝑋2 , … , 𝑋𝑛 be a random sample of size 𝑛 (≥ 2) from a population

Q.24 Let 𝑋1 , 𝑋2 , … , 𝑋𝑛 be a random sample of size 𝑛 from a population having

(D) 𝑌 is an unbiased estimator of 𝜃

Q.25 Suppose that 𝑿1 , 𝑿2 , … , 𝑿𝑛 , 𝒀1 , 𝒀2 , … , 𝒀𝑛 are independent and identically

(A) ̅ − 𝝁)𝑇 Σ−1 (𝑿

(C) There exists 𝑐 > 0 such that 𝑐 ∑𝑛𝑖=1(𝑿𝑖 − 𝑿 ̅ )𝑇 Σ −1 (𝑿𝑖 − 𝑿

Q.26 Consider the following regression model

where 𝜖𝑘 ’s are independent and identically distributed random variables each

(A) The maximum likelihood estimator of 𝛼0 does not exist

(B) The maximum likelihood estimator of 𝛼1 does not exist

(C) The least squares estimator of 𝛼0 exists and is unique

(D) The least squares estimator of 𝛼1 exists, but it is not unique