yea 1 (Gtraight Lines? Basics Distance formula = (x2 — %4)2 + (v2 — yi)? A GD 8@,-3) AR= lf 4 = (26 uk al ‘qeig 2 Section Formula a ‘MX2 + NX, M +n = ea, men) PAM Py) Q v2) mtn mtn —— _~ nx, My2— mys) enn. ROY) POG yy) Q Ya) m-n ' mn For convenience, if ratio is to be found we assume it as k : 1 instead of m : n wm ww! ‘qe 3 Area of Triangle *** AY 1 Pow yD 4 “fh % Me % Mon Hodoga ,+ Aagega. Q&, Yo) RO Ys)¢ ‘Geta 4 Collinearity of 3 Points Same $.l- ‘gee 5 Area of Quadrilateral (#Nvstj2) (2 ed Area of Quadrilateral = Vp x3 Ms =| 21%2—%4 V2— Va S (4s Va) R Gs, Ys) a) Gy) Py yD 13-1 [0 |= 4 \ : . + (a ‘gee 6 4 Important Points (Phd Centroid Point of Intersecti rd Medians (Grud) Incenter > | Tritwior Angle. Bisedtom (inact) Orthocenter Mkitude. (Trleatow)) (CLofizcumcenter PerP Bisechors of Gita. (Tn | ouuat on)qeia7 4 Important Points: Centroid foaroit(@) = xy +xX2+%3 Mi t+ Yo +¥s) AY). 3 ’ 3 Bx Yd D+ coyye Jee 8 Properties of Centroid © Centroid divides median if 2:1 jatio from vertex ‘Gea 9 4 Important Points: Incenter ax, + bx, +cx3 ay, + by, + ©: Incenter(I) = (GR Oe a) AO vd Note: Incenter is equidistant from all / S\ 3 sides of triangle B (Xa Ya) st COyys) — >‘Geta 10 Properties of Incenter B= AT OKO, of Triongle S~s Semi - pavimeter c. ABEREHEAY yee 11 4 Important Points (Gircumcentad : For Finding Circumcenter use, J |PA=PB=PC Circumradius,®)= abc/4A tS a8 ‘qeig 12 4 Important Points: Orthocenter Method for finding Orthocenter, ° A ~ AY) write eqn of any two altitudes and solve them B (a Ya) + 7 COs)Jee 13 Special Cases 4eDHOKA ane ~ daooys check Sh. ~~ geie 14 Important Note I For any triangle Orthocentre (H), Centroid (G), Circumcentre (0) are collinear and centroid divides orthocentre and circumcentre in the ratio 2:1 internally © For lisosceles) triangle umcentre, orthocentre and incentre are collinear eta 15 How to find Locus 1. Assume the coordinates of the point whose locus is to be determined as (h, k) Use Mathematical condition given in the question to find relation between h and k A Cinta variables except h and k Replace h > xandk— y{ wigs ))| Perpendicular Distance 41Mod ffatao! + aged! } Ceo perpendicular distance = MsQHE Y= 3+2K5 oe . { aris) } (tmage and Foot of Perpendicular aay ties PC 5 4) SRPERe 2o4 Yoh Gym tints) ab. a? +b? fi) OTe Mt bytreno RIM 7) sa eee) &,p) 2 a b a? + b? @) = Gd adeee| BesJee 19 Family of Straight Lines — *°? wae? . Equation of line passing through the intersection of L, & Lis given by L, +A L, =O zurttico are = Ceryrde Cr ya)=0 >, Yeo Gadyn+ Ud Gr) <0 . eh 3 a ee > Jeia 23 Pair of Straight Lines \ ait Ss )=0 ‘Geta 24 General Equation of Pair of Straight Lines . ax? + 2hxy + by”? + 2gx+2fyt+c=0 will ranrecent{pair af straight lingif‘Fete 25 Pair of Straight Lines Passing Through Origin ax? + 2hxy + by? Ces 2hey +hyro \y-& (42) = 6 passing through origin XB Jeta 26 How to Factorise Pair of SL 2 2 = . ax’ + 2hxy + by* =0 m= —— Example "= 2+ 778] FYy-Ot20 Y-Ze=0 Tden Ufa f (mh wig’: ° 22m HFeo Qxeyiy-ery ro - Tet rym +1220 ae . Tott4in-omtiaeo F fm-dona)=0 ‘Jeta 27 Angle Between Pair of SL G lewt2ony +f =0 = Ont phy + Gyro Qz\2 keto b=¥ O Wzab B=0 Se Caincite Amn 2 ot ®orruo 9-90 : . v = too“. “es E ® kro Spal inctnnd ody Ps]‘Jeia 28 Special Cases The condition that these lines are : : 9=90 PosL 32 +any -3y= 0 1. Atright angles to each other if@eb=0> ie. coefficient of x? + coefficient of y2=0. aad + (A-)ny + b Yeo 2 Coincident ifh?= 2b As 3. Equally inclined to the axis of x iGedjic coeff. of xy = 0. lo ° Jeia 29 Angle Bisector between Pair of SL Jeia 30 Perpendicular Distance of Point from Pair of SL Product of perpendiculars from Point (x1, y;) to ax? + 2hxy + by? | ax? + 2hx,y, + by?Jeia 32 Equation of Circle QS 4-82 e Grete Ean ‘Fete 33 General Equation of Circle = =-2 4 ageé _ang Grcle- Sif dneay- S20 er an sg, P46 aff+2@-0 S eas Rea Merton(__ aeta44 _} (Conic Section { ‘Geta 45 ) { General Equation of any 2nd Degree Curve ax? + 2hxy + by? + 2gx+2fy+c=0 | es Pair of SL Fs i 4 9 Parabola Ellipse Hyperbola 9. f ‘Geta 46 Standard Parabola Tangest ak Ver’ tana. pTangest ok NEEStandard Equation yz 4qaw . e 4 Focus S(a,0) Vertex V(o,0) Eqn of Directrix Ha-& Egn of Axis of Parabola Yeo Extremities of Latus Rectum (a g 20) . Length of Latus rectum(LR) 4a Eqn of tangent at vertex(T.A.V) Fo F Porametre Coordinates (aad) qeia 48 4 Different Orientations Jeg 49 #Kundii of all 4 Parabolas 2 : Standard Equation | Y=4an | Jehan | x%=4ay — | ae hay . e \ \ \ \ Focus @>) €e,0) (0,2) (0,-a) Vertex (0,0) (0,0) (0,0) (2,0) Directrix Mea N=@ Ye74 Yee Axis Gx0 Neo R=0 Neo LR 4a. 4a 4a 44 a Tangent at vertex Neo Neo =0 =O + . Gamer, haa) aad) Qual) ~ Ge ,-a)‘Jeia 50 Kundli of Shifted Parabola g TV [© 2) FE |G,2) xXaat® Yatt Dist | e-t ater Yon q a TAV | =) 2 A 8x (Y= 8) Thor [yea HANI Yaetye V Xero Yo | His0 Yte6 18 r= FX:2 Yeo [B12 yree Lc \(vat,an, BE X+-2 | aia see ey ry TY X=d Bele0 —| <0 Y-r20 Jeia 52 Focal Length Focal Length: Length of any point on parabola from focus at =ePpm 2,2 — - hems ° ot m 5 Nyce engl, Ps= Pm= ax ot (2,0) HE: Neuer Ever, Ever in Ur Jifs 9 ig date fm cdg Jeia 53 Focal chord of Parabola a a Chord passing through Focus y ity =-! t,= + A) ee a 2 elongeia 54 Length of Focal Chord Length of focal chord = 4a cosec?@ =a (¢ + 2° eo Ae oo) Meer dof (@, 0) geta 55 Standard Equation of Ellipse A ee vié& eC i 7 ~e + tes! > Vaca bigce Q@2 (x3 “ch Jeia 56 Kundli of Ellipsegae57 | (Kundliof Ellipse «oy 204 Standard Equation Horizontal Ellipse Bere! (arb) Centre (0,0) Length of Major axis 2a, Length of Minor axis ab Vertexes (4a +0) Foci (eae,6) q Eqn of Directrix Vertical Ellipse Sere el (624) <(0,0) 2b Qa (0,8) (oake) ey. ae 58 _} (Kundli ofEtlipse)— S= " Horizontal Ellipse Vertical Ellipse Relation between a, b one es onde (Roctat)e< 1) bea (I-e) Fab (\-eD) Extremities of Latus > Rectum ~ (coe, 2h) ee tbe) Length of Latus aaa ae rectum(LR) a Parametric Coordinates (a8, dirs) (aca8, bains) Auxiliary Circle pats Yeost : 2b PS + PS’ = 2a, Jeia 59 Kundli of HyperbolaJeia 60 Kundli of Hyperbola Hyperbola Conjugate Hyperbola Standard Equation SEH EE te = Centre (0,0) (0) Length of Transverse axis aa 24 Length of Conjugate axis 2b 2a Vertexes (42,0) (exh) Foci (Rae, 9) (ote) Eqn of Directrix Heth yeth Hyperbola Conjugate Hyperbola cae epee) oy | bee) gE) Length of Latus 2b Qa rectum(LR) a L Parametric Coordinates (sec »biom®) (Copano shared) Auxiliary Circle C+yec Wee IPS -PS'= Qa Pal ‘Jeia 62 Important Note L The (foci Jot © hyperbola ana (is) conjugate are coneyclic and form the vertices of 4 gv HOG) sore the eccentricities of the hyperbola & its conjugate thenJeia 63 Rectangular Hyperbola cha) ‘Geta 64 #Kundli of Rectangular Hyperbola & Se Rectangular Hyperbola l- ey =3 Standard Equation nye Centre (0,0) = <9) e VE — Eqn of Transverse axis Yen > Yer Eqn of Conjugate axis Ya-me oR YtHzo—5 Jae X Equation of asymptotes. =O ard Y=d Fe Vertexes Gord Co) 3 (2,2) a C2) + Foci (BOBO ad C683 QR Aor, 2R) Eqn of Directrix BYtEc=o0 ‘Geta 65 #Kundli of Rectangular Hyperbola . Rectangular Hyperbola Length of Transverse axis ane Length of Conjugate axis Qc vem) tc Parametric Coordinates (CA g) FE Auxiliary Circle C= (BS aie . Py vr = Point D. X Director Circle ayreo 2 Painkd.c