Assignment and Project 30%

Instruction: Show all the necessary steps clearly.

1. As shown in the Wien-bridge oscillator below:
(a) Derive the expression for the frequency of oscillation.
(b) What is the condition for sustained oscillations?

2. A low-pass filter is to be designed to pass frequencies in the 0 to 12 kHz range. The gain
of the amplifier is to be +10 at the low frequency and change by no more than 10 percent
over the frequency range. In addition, the gain of the amplifier for frequencies greater
than 14 kHz is to be no greater than 0.1.
Determine 𝑓3 dB and the number of poles required in a Butterworth filter.
3. (a) Design a two-pole high-pass Butterworth active filter with a cutoff frequency at 𝑓3
dB = 25 kHz and a unity gain magnitude at high frequency.
(b) Determine the magnitude (in dB) of the gain at:
(i) f = 22 kHz, (ii) f = 25 kHz, and (iii) f = 28 kHz.
4. Consider the phase-shift oscillator in the figure below.
(a) Derive the expression for the frequency of oscillation.
(b) Determine the condition for oscillation.

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 (c) For R = 20 k𝛺, find C and 𝑅𝐹 that will produce sustained oscillations at 𝑓0 = 22
kHz.

5. Consider the Schmitt trigger in figure below. The saturated output voltages of the op-amp
are 𝑉𝐻 = +10 V and 𝑉𝐿 = −10 V. Assume the diode turn-on voltage is 0.7 V. The range
of the input voltage is −2 ≤ 𝑉𝐼 ≤ +2 V.
(a) Determine the crossover voltages.
(b) Sketch the 𝐼𝐷1 , 𝐼𝐷2 , 𝐼𝑅1 , and 𝐼𝑅2 for
(i) 𝑉𝐼 = 2 V and
(ii) 𝑉𝐼 = −2 V.

6. Design an op-amp summer to produce the output voltage 𝑉0 = 2𝑉𝐼1 − 10𝑉𝐼2 +

3𝑉𝐼3 − 𝑉𝐼4 . Assume the largest resistor value is 500 k𝛺, and the input impedance seen
by each source is the largest value possible.
7. Let R = 10 k𝛺 in the differential amplifier in Figure below.
Determine the voltages 𝑣𝑥 , 𝑣𝑦 , 𝑣𝑜 and the currents 𝑖1 , 𝑖2 , 𝑖3 , 𝑖4 for input voltages of

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 (a) 𝑣1 = 1.80 V, v2 = 1.40 V;
(b) 𝑣1 = 3.20 V, v2 = 3.60 V; and
(c) 𝑣1 = −1.20 V, v2 = −1.35 V.

8. Consider the ideal op-amp circuit shown in the figure below.

𝑉01 𝑉02
Determine the voltage gains 𝐴𝑣1 = and 𝐴𝑣2 = .
𝑉𝐼 𝑉𝐼

(a) What is the relationship between 𝑉01 and 𝑉02 ?

(b) For 𝑅2 = 60 k𝛺, 𝑅1 = 20 k𝛺, and R = 50 k𝛺, determine 𝑉01 and 𝑉02

for 𝑉𝐼 = −0.50V.

(c) Determine (𝑉01 − 𝑉02 ) for 𝑉𝐼 = +0.8 V.

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9. Consider the differential amplifier shown in the figure below, with transistor
parameters β = 150, 𝑉𝐵𝐸(𝑜𝑛) = 0.7 V, and 𝑉𝐴 = ∞.

(a) Design the circuit such that the Q-point values are 𝐼𝑐1 = 𝐼𝑐2 = 100μA and

𝑉01 = 𝑉02 = 1.2 V for 𝑉1 = 𝑉2 = 0.

(b) Draw the dc load line and plot the Q-point for transistor 𝑄2 .

(c) What are the maximum and minimum values of the common-mode input voltage?

10. The 555 IC is connected as an astable multivibrator. Let 𝑅𝐴 = 20 k 𝛺, 𝑅𝐵 = 80 k 𝛺, and

C = 0.01 μF.
Determine the frequency of oscillation and the duty cycle.
11. Consider the 555 IC monostable multivibrator.
(a) If R = 20 k 𝛺 and C = 0.012μF, what is the resulting output pulse width?
(b) Design the circuit to produce an output signal with a pulse width of 120μs.
12. Consider a Butterworth low-pass filter.
Determine the reduction in gain (in dB) at f = 1.5 f3 dB for:
(a) two-pole (b) three-pole
(c) four-pole, and (d) five-pole filter.

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Project
Design and simulate Astable, monostable, and bistable
multivibrator using 555 timer in Multisim software.

deadline: Jan 24, 2024