Dimensional Analysis I

David Nyirenda

Malawi University of Science and Technology

David Nyirenda (Malawi University of Science and Technology)

Dimensional Analysis I 1/6
 Introduction to Dimensional Analysis

Dimension denotes the physical nature of a quantity in physics.

For example, whether distance is measured in feet, meters, or
fathoms, its dimension remains length.
In this presentation, we use symbols L, M, and T to represent
dimensions of length, mass, and time, respectively.

David Nyirenda (Malawi University of Science and Technology)

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 Using Dimensional Analysis

Dimensional analysis involves treating dimensions as algebraic

quantities.
Quantities can be added or subtracted only if they have the same
dimensions.
The terms on both sides of an equation must have the same
dimensions.
Dimensional analysis helps derive equations or determine the
relationship between variables or quantities.
Dimensional analysis helps determine whether an expression or
equation has the correct form.

David Nyirenda (Malawi University of Science and Technology)

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 Example of Dimensional Analysis

Problem: Determine the dimensions of the following expression: F = ma,

where F is force, m is mass, and a is acceleration.
Solution:

[F ] = [m][a]
hv i
= [m]
t
LT −1
=M·
T
= M · LT −2
= MLT −2

Conclusion: The expression for force has dimensions of mass times length
per time squared.

David Nyirenda (Malawi University of Science and Technology)

Dimensional Analysis I 4/6
 Pitfall Prevention

Tip: Use consistent symbols for quantities in your equations. For example,
always use t for time, x for position, etc.
Reminder: The dimensions of a quantity are symbolized by a capitalized,
non-italic letter (e.g., L for length).

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 Conclusion

Dimensional analysis is a powerful tool in physics that helps derive

equations, and ensure the correctness of equations and expressions. By
understanding the dimensions of physical quantities and following simple
rules, physicists can verify the validity of mathematical relationships in
their studies.

David Nyirenda (Malawi University of Science and Technology)

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