Introduction:

In process control, the pursuit of accuracy, efficiency, and flexibility is endless. Non-linear
fractional order controllers have emerged as major rivals in this field, providing an alternative
perspective on regulating complicated multivariable systems. This paper will thoroughly look
into the implementation of such controllers in diverse multivariable systems,
emphasizing their effectiveness and potential.

Fractional order controllers, which widen on typical integer-order control principles, include
fractional differentiation and integration orders. This sophisticated approach enables a more
flexible implementation of system dynamics. Incorporating non-linearity into these
controllers improves their adaptability to complex system behaviors, making them suitable
for the complexities of multivariable systems.

In this review, we analyze a variety of controllers, including the Proportional-Integral-

Derivative (PID) controllers, as well as fractional variations such as Fractional Fuzzy
controllers, Internal Model Control (IMC), Sliding Mode Control (SMC), Model Predictive
Control (MPC), Optimal controllers, Dead Time Compensators, and Non-Linear controllers.
Each controller has specific advantages and complications, resulting in a diversified toolbox
for maximizing system performance.

Simultaneously, we analyze several multivariable systems as testing grounds for the

controllers' effectiveness. From the essential Three Tank System to the more complex
Conical, Quadruple, and Spherical Tank Systems, as well as the Continuous Stirred Tank
Reactor (CSTR), each system provides distinct challenges and characteristics that need
specific control systems for optimum operation.

As we explore the use of nonlinear fractional order controllers in multivariable systems, it

becomes evident that the interaction between controller design and system dynamics is
crucial. By synthesizing theoretical insights, empirical studies, and practical applications, this
review aims to illuminate the evolving landscape of process control, providing valuable
insights for researchers, practitioners, and enthusiasts alike.