Life Cycle Analysis Report

LIFE CYCLE
ASSESSMENT REPORT
CLIENT
KRC
ADDRESS
WHITEFIELD, BANGALORE
AUTHOR
Shirish Shirke
DATE
14.11.2022
LCA study for KRC Hetero, Hyderabad
Contents
1 BUILDING DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................................................... 3
2 PURPOSE OF THE ASSESSMENT, ASSESSOR AND TOOLS .......................................................................... 4
2.1 PURPOSE OF THE ANALYSIS .............................................................................................................................. 4
2.2 ABOUT THE ASSESSMENT SOFTWARE.................................................................................................................. 4
3 LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................... 5
3.1 ABOUT LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT FOR CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY.............................................................................. 5
3.2 APPLICABLE INTERNATIONAL AND EUROPEAN STANDARDS ..................................................................................... 5
3.3 SYSTEM BOUNDARY ........................................................................................................................................ 6
3.4 METHODOLOGY AND IMPACT CATEGORIES .......................................................................................................... 6
4 ANALYSIS SCOPE, DATA SOURCES AND ASSUMPTIONS ........................................................................... 8
4.1 SCOPE APPLIED FOR THIS STUDY ........................................................................................................................ 8
4.2 DATA SOURCES .............................................................................................................................................. 8
5 LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT RESULTS ........................................................................................................... 9
5.1 LCA RESULTS IN TABLE FORM ........................................................................................................................... 9
5.2 LCA RESULT DISTRIBUTION BY LIFE-CYCLE STAGE ................................................................................................ 10
5.3 CLASSIFIED VISUAL IMPACT BREAKDOWNS FOR ALL IMPACT CATEGORIES .................................................................. 11
5.3.1 Global warming (GWP) visualisation............................................................................................. 11
5.3.2 Formation of ozone of lower atmosphere (POCP) visualisation .................................................... 11
5.3.3 Acidification (AP) visualisation ...................................................................................................... 12
5.3.4 Eutrophication (EP) visualisation ................................................................................................... 12
5.3.5 Ozone depletion potential (ODP) visualisation .............................................................................. 13
5.3.6 Depletion of non-renewable energy resources visualisation ......................................................... 13
5.4 MOST CONTRIBUTING BUILDING ELEMENTS AND MATERIAL TYPES FOR GLOBAL WARMING (GWP) .............................. 14
6 SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................ 15
6.1 SUMMARY AND INTERPRETATION OF THE RESULTS .............................................................................................. 15
6.2 APPLICATION OF THE LCA ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................ 15
APPENDIX: DOCUMENTATION OF LCA DATA USED IN THE STUDY .................................................................. 16
2
1 Building description
The proposed commercial Development is located at Bangalore, India. The project building contains
leased office spaces.
As the project team has opted for the green approach to have highly organized and sustainable
construction practices implemented in their activities, the project team has taken an initiative to
apply for Green Building certification under LEED v4 BD+C: CS rating system.
The key parameters of the building are synthetized in the below table.
Parameter Description
Building type Commercial building
Building area 67818 Sq.m.
Required service Technical service life (same for same material)
life
Construction year 2022
Building function(s) Office
and service(s)
Extent of use REPLACE-BUILDING-USE
3
2 Purpose of the assessment, assessor and tools
2.1 Purpose of the analysis
The purpose of the study and analysis key methodology can be found in the below table.
Parameter Description
Purpose of the For LEED 2009 and v4; CML version. The whole-building LCA option takes into
analysis account a wide range of effects. These include global warming potential,
stratospheric ozone depletion, acidification of land and water sources,
eutrophication, formation of tropospheric ozone, and depletion of nonrenewable
energy sources. This is whole-building LCA in compliance with LEED New
Construction v3/v2009 ((BD+C)): Pilot Credit MRpc63: Whole building life cycle
assessment (1 points) and LEED v4 Full Reference Guide and credit MRc: Building
Life-Cycle Impact Reduction. This LCA software and related datasets are fully
compliant with ISO 14044. The impact assessment method used is CML version
2002 (November 2012, or later). This LCA methodology follows LEED
requirements and this software is third party verified.
Assessment Cradle to Grave
method
Project type New Construction
2.2 About the assessment software
The assessment has been carried out with One Click LCA software. The software holds 11 third party
certifications and complies with over 30 certifications and standards for Life Cycle Assessment and
Life Cycle Costing, including all versions of LEED and BREEAM. The software includes curated and
verified global and local databases. The up to date list of integrated databases can be found here:
https://www.oneclicklca.com/support/faq-and-guidance/documentation/database/.
One Click LCA has been third party verified by ITB for compliancy with the following LCA standards:
EN 15978, ISO 21931–1 and ISO 21929, and data requirements of ISO 14040 and EN 15804. The full
compliancy documentation is available at https://www.oneclicklca.com/support/faq-and-
guidance/documentation/compliancy-and-certifications/.
ITB is a certification organization and a Notified Body (EC registration nr. 1488) to the European
Commission designated for construction product certification. Polish Accreditation Board assures the
independence and impartiality of ITB services (Accreditation Certificates are: AB 023, AC 020, AC 072,
AP 113). ITB activities are conducted in accordance to the requirements of the following assurance
standards: ISO 9001, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 17025, EN 45011, and ISO/IEC 17021.
The tool supports CML characterization methodology as well as TRACI characterization methodology.
All of the datasets in the tool comply with ISO 14040/14044 and most part also EN 15804 standard.
4
3 Life Cycle Assessment methodology

3.1 About Life Cycle Assessment for construction industry
As businesses, governments and consumers develop environmental awareness and sensitivity, focus
of environmental impact reduction shifts to the industries responsible for the greatest impacts.
Construction, maintenance and use of buildings and civil engineering works generate ca. 35 % of the
carbon emissions globally. Furthermore, the industry is responsible for one half of raw material
extraction, and very significant amount of mass replacements and transfers. The sector is not only
requested to reduce the impact on global warming, but also to reduce the raw material depletion,
especially for non-renewable materials via circular economy measures.
Life Cycle Assessment is a science-based methodology for measuring environmental performance.

It’s based on international standards and rigorously defined public methodologies for quantifying
environmental impacts, expressed in form of potential harm caused by activities to the biosphere,
including atmosphere, soil and water bodies. Those impacts are expressed as “equivalent to”
normalized unit, for example, one kilogram of carbon dioxide in case of global warming potential.
Life Cycle Assessment considers the whole life cycle of the building, including manufacturing,
transport, use and final disposal of the resources required for the delivery of the building functions
for the whole period which the assessment covers.
Most common impact category covered by LCA is the global warming potential, also referred to as
the carbon footprint. It quantifies the impact of greenhouse gases heating the planet. Other common
impact categories are ozone depletion, acidification, eutrophication and smog formation.
LCA methodology also supports other indicators which describe the use of resources and energy.
Those are more typically expressed as kilograms of material, or megajoules in case of energy.
3.2 Applicable International and European Standards
All building and civil engineering works Life Cycle Assessments delivered by One Click LCA platform
comply with the following International Standards.
ISO 14040 Environmental management. Life cycle assessment. Principles and framework
ISO 14044 Environmental management -- Life cycle assessment -- Requirements and guidelines
ISO 21930 Sustainability in buildings and civil engineering works -- Core rules for environmental
product declarations of construction products and services
One Click LCA platform tools used in European context comply with following European Standards:
EN 15978 Sustainability of construction works – Assessment of environmental performance of

buildings – Calculation method
EN 15804+A1 Sustainability of construction works. Environmental product declarations. Core rules
for the product category of construction products
5
3.3 System boundary
The International Standard ISO 21930 and European Standard EN 15804 set out a common life-cycle
model for building and construction works. The life-cycle model includes modular definitions for the
life-cycle stages, allowing each stage to be compared in isolation with other projects.
The product stage information (A1-A3) is always represented combined for building level
assessments, as are end of life stages (C1-C4) in most cases. Depending on the purpose of the LCA,
other stages may be omitted or be replaced with a scenario in absence of detailed information.
The actual life cycle stages used in the report can be found in the LCA results in chapter 5.
Illustration: Building Life Cycle Information and life cycle stages
3.4 Methodology and impact categories
LCA results are obtained using methodology called characterisation, which describes environmental
impact of a given emission. One Click LCA implements multiple characterisation methodologies.
When no specific methodology is mandated, One Click LCA implements for European customers the
CML 4.1. IA characterisation methodology (as set out in EN 15804+A1), and for North American
customers the TRACI 2.1. methodology defined by United States Environmental Protection Agency.
Impact category Unit(s) Description

Global warming kgCO2 eq Describes changes in local, regional, or global surface
potential temperatures caused by an increased concentration of
greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Greenhouse gas emissions
from fossil fuel burning is strongly correlated with acidification &
smog. Called “carbon footprint”.
6
Impact category Unit(s) Description

Acidification kgSO2 eq Describes the acidifying effect of substances in the environment.
potential Substances such as carbon dioxide dissolve readily in water,
increasing the acidity and leading to damage to water
ecosystems.
Eutrophication CML: Describes the effect of adding mineral nutrients to soil or water,
potential kgPO4-eq which causes certain species to dominate an ecosystem,
TRACI: compromising the survival of other species and sometimes
kgNeq resulting in die-off of entire animal populations.
Ozone depletion kgCFC11eq Describes the effect of substances in the atmosphere to degrade
potential the ozone layer, which absorbs and prevents harmful solar UV
rays from reaching Earth’s surface.
Formation of CML: Describes the effect of substances in the atmosphere to create
ozone of lower kgC2H4eq photochemical smog. Also known as summer smog.
atmosphere TRACI:
(“tropospheric”) kgO3eq
Other impact categories follow the requirements of their respective certification systems or tools.
7
4 Analysis scope, data sources and assumptions

4.1 Scope applied for this study
The scope of this study follows the following requirements:
LEED v4 Whole Building Life Cycle Assessment requirements, including structure and envelope
materials for the building for 60 years duration. This scope excludes operational energy and water
use, as well as construction site impacts.
4.2 Data sources
The analysis has been performed relying on the following data sources for building information:
Data type Data source

Material quantities Construction drawings and bills of quantities as delivered by the client and
(A1-A3) the designers acting on the clients behalf.
Material transport Regionally applicable transportation scenarios from One Click LCA. Those
distances (A4) represent regionally typical transportation distances and methods for
product types, which are relevant when no decisions on suppliers are made.
Construction and Impacts are omitted from this analysis.
installation (A5)
Material impacts in Material service lives are based on the typical values for the materials in
use (B1-B5) question, which have been reviewed for relevance for the project. The
values have been adjusted where necessary. Material maintenance and
repair activities have not been included in the scope, materials have been
assumed to be replaced in their entirety at the end of their service life.
Use phase energy Impacts are omitted from this analysis.
consumption (B6)
Use phase water Impacts are omitted from this analysis.
consumption (B7)
End of life impacts End of life impacts are based on One Click LCA’s scenarios which represent
(C1-C4) the typical end of life processing for material types in compliance with the
requirements of the EN 15804+A1.
8
5 Life Cycle Assessment Results
5.1 LCA results in table form
The life cycle assessment results are summarized in the following table. The results represent the
total life cycle impact during technical service life (same for same material) year service life of the
building. The calculation complies with LEED BD+C V4 requirement.
Formati Biogen
Ozone on of Depleti ic
Eutrop
Res Depleti Acidific ozone on of carbon
hicatio
ult Global warming on ation of lower nonren storag
n
cate kg CO2e kg kg atmosp ewable e
kg
gory CFC11 SO2e here energy kg
PO4e
e kg MJ CO2e
Ethene bio
A1- 1,03E7 2,58E− 4,39E4 | 1,63E4 | 3,94E3 | 7,9E7 |

Construction Materials
A3 | −22 % 1 | −18 % −34 % −23 % −5,8 % −24 %
1,07E5 1,92E− 2,86E2 | 6,1E1 | − 1,21E1 | 2,1E6 |

A4 Transportation to site
| −58 % 2 | −57 % −48 % 47 % −63 % −52 %
B4- Material replacement and 1,11E3 9,99E− 2,63E0 | 6,38E−1 1,41E−1 1,62E4
B5 refurbishment | −1,4 % 6 | −24 % −2,7 % | −2,5 % | −0,6 % | −2,8 %
C1- 2,78E5 3,98E− 1,52E3 | 3,28E2 | 3,51E0 | 5,01E6

End of life
C4 | +33 % 2| −0 % +33 % +33 % −85 % | −0 %
3,17E−
Total 1,06E7 4,58E4 1,67E4 3,96E3 8,62E7
1
Comparing total results with: 6

- Baseline Design
6 - Baseline Design Total 1,37E7 4E−1 6,88E4 2,14E4 4,24E3 1,14E8
6 - Proposed Design-
1 compared with 6 - Baseline −22 % −21 % −33 % −22 % −6,7 % −24 %
Design
9
5.2 LCA result distribution by life-cycle stage
Below chart shows the result distribution for the building life-cycle for all reported impact categories
and stages. This helps identify the important impact drivers for the different environmental impacts.
10
5.3 Classified visual impact breakdowns for all impact categories
Below charts visualise impact breakdowns for all considered impact categories and life-cycle stages
using the impact classification system applied in this study. When no specific impact classification
system is applied, the data is grouped using One Click LCA section definitions.
Impact categories which are not include in the study are shown as empty.
5.3.1 Global warming (GWP) visualisation
5.3.2 Formation of ozone of lower atmosphere (POCP) visualisation
11
5.3.3 Acidification (AP) visualisation
5.3.4 Eutrophication (EP) visualisation
12
5.3.5 Ozone depletion potential (ODP) visualisation
5.3.6 Depletion of non-renewable energy resources visualisation
13
5.4 Most contributing building elements and material types for

Global warming (GWP)
Below charts show the result distribution between different building elements and material types for
global warming potential (GWP), stage A1-A3 (manufacturing impacts) only.
14
6 Summary
6.1 Summary and interpretation of the results
With use of sustainable building materials such as Flyash in concrete. Project is able to achieve
substantial impact reduction in all 6 categories.
6.2 Application of the LCA analysis
This LCA analysis demonstrates that the proposed building, if completed as designed, will be eligible
for the LEED v4 credit Building Life Cycle Impact Reduction, Option 4: Whole Building Life Cycle
Assessment.
15
Appendix: documentation of LCA data used in the study

The following data points have been used as sources for this assessment. All data used complies with ISO 14040 and 14044 and is drawn from One Click LCA
database and has been verified following the BRE-verified data qualification methodology by LCA data specialists.
Technic Upstr Product
EPD Environm Notes
esource al Produc Manufa Standar Verific Ye eam Den Categor
progra EPD number ent Data Country about
name specific t cturer d ation ar datab sity y Rules
m Source PCR
ation ase (PCR)
Aluminiu EPD
Third- NPCR
m-faced 7.6 Alutile fire
party 010 Only
sandwic kg/m2, 4 resistance
EPD NEPD-1604-633- EN1580 verified 20 ecoin Building with
h panel, mm, FR Alutile (FR) panel china
Norge EN 4+A1 (as per 18 vent boards, EN1580
with fire 1900 (4mm)
ISO rev1, 4
resistan kg/m3 Alutile
14025) 2013
ce core Norge AS
Third-
gross party
Gypsum
density: OKOBA Oekobau. EN1580 verified 20 900. EN1580
interior - germany GaBi -
900.0 UDAT dat 2022 4+A1 (as per 20 0 4+A1
plaster
kg/m3 ISO
14025)
Insulatin Internati PCR Only

EPD of Third-
g glass, AIS ASAHI onal EN1580 20 2012:01 with
6 mm S-P-01411 Processed party india GaBi
double Renew INDIA EPD 4+A1 19 Constru EN1580
Glass verified
glazed GLASS System ction 4
(as per
product
16

EPD Environm Notes
m Source PCR
ation ase (PCR)
LTD.(AI ISO s and

S) 14025) Constru
ction
services
,
ver.2.2,
03/05/2
017
EPD 2202
MATRIX
REVESTI PCR
40-65% MENTO 2012:01
Mortar, FACHAD
sand Constru
for 2202 Votorant A, 2203 Third-
calcium, ction
façade Matrix im MATRIX party Only
10-30% product
and wall Revesti Cimento EPD PROJEÇÃ EN1580 verified 20 ecoin with
silica S-P-01122 brazil s and
coating mento s, Brasil O, 4201 4+A1 (as per 19 vent EN1580
sand, 5- Constru
in Fachad Cajamar MATRIX ISO 4
25% ction
external a plant CONTRA 14025)
Portland services
areas PISO
cement , ver.
AND 5201 2.3
MÚLTIPL
O USO
BY
17

EPD Environm Notes
m Source PCR
ation ase (PCR)
VOTORA
NTIM
CIMENTO
S
CAJAMA
R UNIT
EPD UK
Manufactu
red
Precast
Concrete
Blocks
PCR
Produced Third-
Pre-cast
by party Only
Precast 700- EPD-BPC- concret
members EN1580 verified 20 unitedKi 142 with
concrete 2100 BPCF IBU 20170092-CCD1- GaBi e
of the 4+A1 (as per 17 ngdom 5.0 EN1580
block kg/m3 EN compon
Concrete ISO 4
ents,
Block 14025)
07/2014
Associatio
n (CBA) a
product
group of
British
Precast
18

EPD Environm Notes
m Source PCR
ation ase (PCR)
C50/55
(7300/78
00 PSI),
Ready- 30%
mix recycled
One Interna
concrete binders One Click EN1580 20 ecoin 240 EN1580
Click - lly LOCAL -
, high- in LCA 4+A1 18 vent 0.0 4+A1
LCA verified
strength, cement
generic (440
kg/m3 /
27.47
lbs/ft3)
C35/45
(5000/65
00 PSI)
Ready- with
mix CEM EN1580 EN1580
One Interna
concrete II/B-V, One Click 4+A1, 20 ecoin 240 4+A1,
Click - lly LOCAL -
, normal 30% fly LCA EN1580 20 vent 0.0 EN1580
LCA verified
strength, ash 4+A2 4+A2
generic content
(340
kg/m3;
21.2
19

EPD Environm Notes
m Source PCR
ation ase (PCR)
lbs/ft3
total
cement)
C40/50
(5800/73
00 PSI),
Ready-
30%
mix
recycled
concrete One Interna
binders One Click EN1580 20 ecoin 240 EN1580
, Click - lly LOCAL -
in LCA 4+A1 18 vent 0.0 4+A1
normal- LCA verified
cement
strength,
(400
generic
kg/m3 /
24.97
lbs/ft3)
Reinforc
One EN1580
ement 0% One Interna
Click One Click 4+A1, 20 ecoin 785 EN1580
steel recycled Click - lly LOCAL -
LCA LCA EN1580 22 vent 0.0 4+A1
(rebar), content LCA verified
2022 4+A2
generic
20

EPD Environm Notes
m Source PCR
ation ase (PCR)
czechRe
L=
EPD public,
0.035
ROCKWO india,
W/mK, PCR
OL stone Third- denmark
Rock 40 mm, Mineral
wool party , Only
wool 1.2 EPD-RWI- insulatin
ProRox ROCKW technical EN1580 verified 20 canada, with
insulatio kg/m2, IBU 20180153-CBB1- GaBi 30.0 g
LF 970 OOL insulation 4+A1 (as per 19 USA, EN1580
n, 30 EN material
ROCKWO ISO netherla 4
unfaced kg/m3, s,
OL 14025) nds,
Lambda 07.2014
Internation spain,
=0.035
al A/S thailand,
W/(m.K)
malaysia
Third-
Single
DONNE party
sheet INIES_DBAR20191
ép. 1 E PAR MDEGD_ EN1580 verified 20 ecoin EN1580 EN1580
aluminiu DED INIES 220_142704, france
mm DEFAU FDES 4+A1 (as per 22 vent 4+A1 4+A1
m 32089
T ISO
cladding
14025)
0.635 x National EPD PCRs Only

Window UL Third-
0.635 m, Guard NATIONA EN1580 20 tennesse for with
frames Environ 4786853254.103.1 party GaBi
8.01 Product L GUARD 4+A1 15 e, USA Building EN1581
(louvers) ment verified
kg/unit s PRODUC -Related 0
(as per
TS LITE Product
21

EPD Environm Notes
m Source PCR
ation ase (PCR)
KITS AND ISO s and

LOUVER 14025) Service
S s- Part
A:
Calculat
ion
Rules
for the
LCA
and
Require
ments
Project
Report,
(IBU/UL
, V1.3,
06.19.2
014),
Part B:
require
ments
on the
EPD for
window
s and
doors
22

EPD Environm Notes
m Source PCR
ation ase (PCR)
(IBU,
V1.7,
06.11.2
014),
Part B
Addend
um: IBU
PCR for
Window
s and
Door
(UL,
V1.0
Oct.
2015)
23
Technic Upstr Note

EPD EPD Environmen Product
Resourc al Manufactur Standar Verific Ye Coun eam Den s
Product progra num t Data Category
e name specific er d ation ar try datab sity about
m ber Source Rules (PCR)
ation ase PCR
PCR 2012:01
Third-
Construction
Insulating ASAHI Internati party Only
S-P- EPD of products and
glass, INDIA onal EN1580 verified 20 with
6 mm AIS Renew 0141 Processed india GaBi Construction
double GLASS EPD 4+A1 (as per 19 EN15
1 Glass services,
glazed LTD.(AIS) System ISO 804
ver.2.2,
14025)
03/05/2017
MORCEM
DRY R,
MORCEM
ESTUCO
REVOCO,
MORCEM
ESTUCO Third-
14.46 EPD
FINO, EPD party Only
kg/m2, 006- RCP-006
Plasterin MORCEM Morteros EN1580 verified 20 ecoinv with
10.2 mm Grupo Puma AENOR 004 spain Global EPD
g mortar ESTUCO para revoco 4+A1 (as per 18 ent EN15
1413 rev. Morteros
EXTRAFIN y enlucido ISO 804
kg/m3 2
O, 14025)
MORCEM
CAL
POROGE
NO,
MORCEM
SEC
24
Technic Upstr Note

ation ase PCR
PROYECT
ABLE
INTERIOR
,
MORCEM
SEC
MULTIUS
OS,
MORCEM
SEC
CAPA
GRUESA,
MORCEM
SEC
CAPA
FINA,
MORCEM
SEC
PROYECT
ABLE
EXTERIO
R,
MORCEM
SEC
ENLUCID
O,
25
Technic Upstr Note

ation ase PCR
MORCEM
SEC
ACTIVE
CAPA
FINA,
MORCEM
SEC
ACTIVE
PROYECT
ABLE,
MORCEM
DUR
PIEDRA,
MORCEM
DUR
RASPADO
,
MORCEM
DUR
RASPADO
FINO,
MORCEM
CAL
BASE,
MORCEM
CAL
26
Technic Upstr Note

ation ase PCR
ACABADO
,
MORCEM
ESTUCO
GRUESO,
MORCEM
TEXTURE,
TRADIMU
R,
TRADITER
M
RENOVEX
F,
MORCEM
REST
MUR
BLANCO,
FIXROCK
PCR: DS/EN
Precast Third-
16757:2017 –
concrete party Only
10 cm, EPD MD- EPD Bæredygtighe
pavers/bl Belægningsg EN1580 verified 20 denm 2250 with
225 Danmar 2002 Belægningsg GaBi d inden for
ocks, ruppen 4+A1 (as per 20 ark .0 EN15
kg/m2 k 2-DA ruppen byggeri og
Danish ISO 804
anlæg –
average 14025)
miljøvaredekla
27
Technic Upstr Note

ation ase PCR
rationer –
Produktkatego
riregler for
beton og
betonelement
er
C25/30
(3600/44
00 PSI),
with
Ready- CEM I,
mix 0% EN1580
One Internall
concrete, recycled One Click 4+A1, 20 LOC ecoinv 2400 EN15804+A1,
Click - y -
normal binders LCA EN1580 20 AL ent .0 EN15804+A2
LCA verified
strength, (280 4+A2
generic kg/m3;
17.5
lbs/ft3
total
cement)
C40/50
Ready-
(5800/73 One Internall
mix One Click EN1580 20 LOC ecoinv 2400
00 PSI), Click - y EN15804+A1 -
concrete, LCA 4+A1 18 AL ent .0
0% LCA verified
normal-
recycled
28
Technic Upstr Note

ation ase PCR
strength, binders
generic in
cement
(400
kg/m3 /
24.97
lbs/ft3)
0%
Reinforce recycled
ment content One Internall
One Click EN1580 20 LOC ecoinv 7850
steel (only Click - y EN15804+A1 -
LCA 4+A1 18 AL ent .0
(rebar), virgin LCA verified
generic material
s), A615
29

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LIFE CYCLE

2 Purpose of the assessment, assessor and tools

2.1 Purpose of the analysis

2.2 About the assessment software

3 Life Cycle Assessment methodology

Life Cycle Assessment is a science-based methodology for measuring environmental performance.

3.2 Applicable International and European Standards

EN 15978 Sustainability of construction works – Assessment of environmental performance of

3.3 System boundary

Illustration: Building Life Cycle Information and life cycle stages

3.4 Methodology and impact categories

Impact category Unit(s) Description

Impact category Unit(s) Description

4 Analysis scope, data sources and assumptions

The scope of this study follows the following requirements:

4.2 Data sources

Data type Data source

5 Life Cycle Assessment Results

5.1 LCA results in table form

A1- 1,03E7 2,58E− 4,39E4 | 1,63E4 | 3,94E3 | 7,9E7 |

1,07E5 1,92E− 2,86E2 | 6,1E1 | − 1,21E1 | 2,1E6 |

C1- 2,78E5 3,98E− 1,52E3 | 3,28E2 | 3,51E0 | 5,01E6

Comparing total results with: 6

6 - Baseline Design Total 1,37E7 4E−1 6,88E4 2,14E4 4,24E3 1,14E8

5.2 LCA result distribution by life-cycle stage

5.3 Classified visual impact breakdowns for all impact categories

5.3.1 Global warming (GWP) visualisation

5.3.2 Formation of ozone of lower atmosphere (POCP) visualisation

5.3.3 Acidification (AP) visualisation

5.3.4 Eutrophication (EP) visualisation

5.3.5 Ozone depletion potential (ODP) visualisation

5.3.6 Depletion of non-renewable energy resources visualisation

5.4 Most contributing building elements and material types for

6.2 Application of the LCA analysis

Appendix: documentation of LCA data used in the study

Insulatin Internati PCR Only

Technic Upstr Product

LTD.(AI ISO s and

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0.635 x National EPD PCRs Only

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KITS AND ISO s and

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Technic Upstr Note

Technic Upstr Note

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Technic Upstr Note

Technic Upstr Note

Technic Upstr Note

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