 CCOU202_B06_202420

 Quiz: Mid-Term
 Question 1
 3 / 3 pts
 The position of the author on psychotherapy and Christian ethics is that

 psychotherapy and Christian ethics rarely need to interact with each other, but the two are
not total opposites and can be used effectively together


 psychotherapy and Christian ethics are completely separate domains and their dialogue is
neither required nor desired


 psychotherapy is a profoundly ethical endeavor and Christian ethics supports and
challenges the ethical positions represented in therapy


 none of the above


 Question 2
 3 / 3 pts
 Diversity is all of the following except

 one arena in which sin is still visibly expressed


 a context for redemption and restoration in our lives now


 a characteristic of God’s reign only on this world


 a reflection of the goodness of creation


 Question 3
 3 / 3 pts
 One of the most elaborated rationales for attending to diversity is contained in the

 American Counseling Association Code of Ethics


 Universal Declaration of Ethical Principles for Psychologists


 American Association of Pastoral Counselors Code of Ethics


 National Association of Social Workers Code of Ethics


 Question 4
 3 / 3 pts
 Which of the following are components of a good training program for lay counselors,
according to the text?

 practical and clear lectures


 homework reading


 memorizing the pastoral code of ethics


 both a and b


 Question 5
 3 / 3 pts
 One can expect that academic and practical preparation can guarantee competence and
can safely leave it to the judgements of professional licensing or credentialing bodies.

 True


 False


 Question 6
 3 / 3 pts
 Which of the following is recognized as one of the statements on professional ethics
recognized by The Christian Association for Psychological Studies (CAPS)?

 limits of competence


 continuing education


 personal difficulties


 all of the above


 Question 7
 3 / 3 pts
 Kitchener (1984) identified five moral ideals that are foundational to many mental health
codes. Which of the following is not one of them?

 autonomy


 nonmaleficence


 fairness


 fidelity


 Question 8
 3 / 3 pts
 Hays (2001) devised a simple and comprehensive means of exploring aspects of a
person’s cultural identities and their own. Which of the following is Hays’ acronym for
his model?

 ADDRESSING


 UNDERSTAND


 CULTURE


 IDENTITY


 IncorrectQuestion 9
 0 / 3 pts
 Which of the following was not one of the four factors that emerged in Peterson and
Bry’s research in their analysis that consistently differentiated “incompetent” and
“outstanding” student-clinicians toward the end of a doctoral program (1980)?

 reputable credentials


 professional responsibility


 interpersonal warmth


 experience


 Question 10
 3 / 3 pts
 Currently, there are no restraints on the title, “Christian mental health professional.”

 True


 False


 IncorrectQuestion 11
 0 / 3 pts
 To date, the author provides evidence for religious/spiritual interventions’ effectiveness,
showing that they outperform secular approaches.

 True


 False


 Question 12
 3 / 3 pts
 According to the text, at its simplest form, _________ means freedom from mental
illness.

 psychotherapy


 redemption


 mental health


 none of the above


 Question 13
 3 / 3 pts
 Lay counseling is a biblically based ministry that has received little support from the
research literature regarding its effectiveness.

 True


 False


 Question 14
 3 / 3 pts
 Becker (1987) warns lay counselors to avoid which of the following high-risk situations,
due to the possibility of being sued for malpractice?

 charging fees


 using psychological tests without adequate training


 misdiagnoses or harm


 all of the above


 Question 15
 3 / 3 pts
 Adair (1992) noted that the Christian Counselors of Texas added the requirement that lay
counselors obtain ____________________ as part of their guidelines for supervision.

 malpractice insurance


 informed consent


 licensure


 written records


 Question 16
 3 / 3 pts
 When most people envision counseling, they are likely to think about __________, but
the process also invariably involves ____________.

 assessment, intervention


 diagnoses, therapy


 intervention, assessment


 therapy, diagnoses


 Question 17
 3 / 3 pts
 The author talks about the importance of Christian mental health professionals to
establish a strong link with a local church. This is essential because the church

 serves as a source of support, accountability, and empowerment


 promotes a greater concern for the welfare status of those who are marginalized


 talk about the mental health crisis in safety


 both a and b


 IncorrectQuestion 18
 0 / 3 pts
 According to the idea of “ethical and moral relativism,” it is assumed that there are
universal standards that what is right and wrong never varies, not even to factors such as
the situation, the culture, and one’s personal point of view.

 True


 False


 Question 19
 3 / 3 pts
 All of the following are types of dual relationships that therapists of faith can encounter
throughout their career except

 serving on the same worship team


 attending the same Bible study


 worshipping at the same church


 volunteering in the community


 Question 20
 3 / 3 pts
 With the notion that therapy can be understood on several different levels, Neimeyer
(1993) distinguishes between four levels of therapy in order of increasing abstractness.
Which of the following is not one of these levels?

 major theory


 strategies and techniques


 clinical theory


 formal theory


 IncorrectQuestion 21
 0 / 3 pts
 Which of the following is a way Christian counselors and psychotherapists may respond
to the clash of ethical cultures?

 transferring one’s moral allegiance solely to professional ethics


 rejecting professional ethics in favor of some separatist understanding of Christian ethics


 integrating Christian and professional ethics


 all of the above are ways


 Question 22
 3 / 3 pts
 Which of the following refers to the degree to which individuals and families adopt
elements from the new culture and maintain elements from their culture of origin?

 acculturation


 identification


 assimilation


 all of the above


 Question 23
 3 / 3 pts
 Becker (1987) emphasizes that freedom of client choice or informed consent requires the
lay counselor to provide

 accurate and sufficient information on his or her qualifications


 their training and values


 the process, goals, and possible consequences of counseling


 all of the above


 Question 24
 3 / 3 pts
 Adair (1992) stressed the need for lay counselors to take and keep good records as part of
the supervision process. According to the text, it is recommended that records should be

 kept confidential


 kept with a licensed professional supervisor


 kept with other church member records


 both a and b


 Question 25
 3 / 3 pts
 Studies show that counselors will benefit from just attending continuing educational
conferences without having to apply the information.

 True


 False


 Question 26
 3 / 3 pts
 In addition to the ethical codes generated by professional organizations, a number of
clinical guidelines for practice have been developed. One example of this is the APA’s
“Guidelines on Multicultural Education, Training, Research, Practice, and Organizational
Change for Psychologists.”

 True


 False


 Question 27
 3 / 3 pts
 Ethical issues in lay counseling include which of the following?

 adequate training provided


 responsibility of supervision


 types of counseling they are trained for


 all of the above


 Question 28
 3 / 3 pts
 Which of the following organizations has an inclusion of the need to “understand the
challenges of accepting gifts from clients and recognize that in some cultures, small gifts
are a token of respect and showing gratitude?”

 AACC


 CRCC


 ACA


 APA


 Question 29
 3 / 3 pts
 According to Pope, Sonne, and Holroyd (1993), one area of discussion that has
traditionally been lacking in ethics training is that of

 breach of confidentiality of client’s information


 sexual feelings of the therapist toward a client


 lack of detailed documentation for clients


 insensitivity to clients’ diversity

 Question 30
 3 / 3 pts
 Although there are ongoing debates about whether Christian mental health professionals
need to pursue professional licensure or not, it is the author’s opinion that this is good
and necessary.

 True


 False


 Question 31
 3 / 3 pts
 The New Testament message proclaims a balance between grace and law. According to
the text, which book of the Bible best explains this balance?

 Romans


 Matthew


 Revelation


 Acts


 Question 32
 3 / 3 pts
 The author argues that the involvement with other Christians and a strong tie with a local
church are important for the Christian mental health professional. All the following are
reasons for this except

 To fully fulfill one’s calling, ministry, or vocation


 Greater awareness of the marginalized in society


 To keep personal and professional roles separate


 Support and resources from fellow believers in the church


 Question 33
 3 / 3 pts
 While there is a basic respect for the ethical codes, Koocher and Keith-Spiegel (2008)
point out that there are still a number of reasons why a therapist might behave
unethically. Below are all reasons except

 inexperience


 ignorance


 being naïve


 all of the above are reasons


 Question 34
 3 / 3 pts
 Which of the following is not a truth for those in the helping profession?

 culture is universally understood


 culture makes an impact


 culture is complicated


 crossing cultures can change us


 Question 35
 3 / 3 pts
 One of the ten guidelines for improving the competence of Christian clinicians is
encouraging rigorous training in one of the major mental health disciplines.

 True


 False


 Question 36
 3 / 3 pts
 In the academic realm, ethicists often use the term ethics to refer to

 ethical duty


 ethical theory


 ethical practice


 ethical history


 Question 37
 3 / 3 pts
 It is important for clinicians to

 treat clients the same at all times


 be aware of differences in variables like gender and ethnicity


 overdiagnose clients to cover all the bases


 all of the above


 Question 38
 3 / 3 pts
 Becker’s (1987) article covering the main legal and ethical considerations pertinent to the
paraprofessional or lay counselor in the church context emphasizing which of the
following?

 competence


 confidentiality


 choice


 all of the above


 Question 39
 3 / 3 pts
 In addition to aspirational ideals, codes of ethics also include what are called
________________. These are the rules and regulations that are sufficiently focused and
specific to use as standards of practice, and that can be enforced when a clinician is
judged to have broken them.

 justice obligations


 enforced obligations


 mandatory obligations


 ethical code of obligations


 Question 40
 3 / 3 pts
 Scanish and McMinn (1996) suggest all of the following guidelines for assessing the
competence of lay Christian counselors except?

 they are not living in blatant sin


 they understand the use of Scripture wisely


 they never refer clients


 they request help for their own problems


 Question 41
 3 / 3 pts
 The author of the text would argue that Christian mental health professionals who are
informed about the points of compatibility and incompatibility between their mental
health discipline and the world of Christian thought are

 more likely to be analytic and sophisticated


 able to clarify dimensions of the human condition


 willing to strive for developing a responsible eclecticism approach


 all of the above


 Question 42
 3 / 3 pts
 If a therapist violates the codes of professional ethical principles, then the therapist could
be expelled from the professional association.

 True


 False


 Question 43
 3 / 3 pts
 What is the author’s view of the numbers of culturally focused clinical guidelines and
competency compilations in the coming years?

 they will decrease


 they will increase


 they will remain stable


 none of the above


 Question 44
 3 / 3 pts
 According to the text, the literature on ethical and legal issues related specifically to lay
counselor training and ministry is more limited.

 True


 False


 Question 45
 3 / 3 pts
 McMinn and Meek (1997) surveyed ethical beliefs and behaviors of nine hundred
members of the American Association of Christian Counselors. The researchers’
conclusion was that the majority of the sample of Christian mental health professionals

 sees their graduate training in professional ethics as meaningful


 sees their graduate training in professional ethics as pointless


 sees their graduate training in professional ethics as challenging


 none of the above


 Question 46
 3 / 3 pts
 McMinn and Meek (1996) have observed that personal distress commonly precedes
unethical relationships.

 True


 False


 Question 47
 3 / 3 pts
 In a sense of the term that moves well beyond professional ethics, ethics can also be
understood as specific ideals or behavioral prescriptions that are either applicable to
people in general or obligatory for Christians in particular.

 True


 False


 IncorrectQuestion 48
 0 / 3 pts
 This philosophical basis for determining what constitutes ethical behavior focuses on the
essence of the act itself and defines some acts as good and others as bad.

 aspirational ideals


 teleological approach


 deontological approach


 none of the above

 Question 49
 3 / 3 pts
 With regard to the supervision of lay counselors, it is recommended that they be
supervised by a

 licensed senior pastor


 lay counselor supervisor


 licensed mental health professional


 clinical educator


 IncorrectQuestion 50
 0 / 3 pts
 Competence in the helping professions is easy to define and even easier to assess
according to the author.

 True


 False
