Maths Oswal Isc 12 Sem 2

MATHEMATICS
(1)
1st edition year 2021-22
ISBN “978-93-5463-817-6”
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
l Latest CISCE Circular & Reduced/Bifurcated Syllabus issued by Board,

Dated 6 August 2021 4 - 12
l Topics found Difficult by Candidates 13 - 13
l Concepts in which Candidates got Confused 14 - 14
l Suggestions for Students 15 - 15
l Mind Maps 1 - 8
l On tips Notes 9 - 24
 Sample Question Papers (Solved)
l Board Specimen Paper 2021 - 1 (Issued by CISCE on 20th Dec. 2021) 25 - 27
 Solutions of Sample Paper - 1 28 - 34
l Sample Question Paper - 2 35 - 37
 Self Assessment Papers*
l Self Assessment Paper - 1 47 - 50
 Solutions
l Solutions of Sample Paper - 2 63 - 67
l Hints 86 - 88
qq
*Solutions can be downloaded from www.oswaalbooks.com or by scanning the QR code inside
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CISCE CIRCULAR 2021-22
Chief Executive & Secretary

GERRY ARATHOON
M.A., B.Ed.
August 6, 2021
Dear Principal,
Subject : CISCE’s Modified Plan for Assessment at the ICSE (Class X) and ISC (Class XII)
Levels for the Academic Year 2021-22.
In view of the continuing pandemic situation in the country and the disruption in educational
activities brought about due to extended lockdowns, and the various alternate modes of syllabus
transaction that need to be adopted, due to closure of schools, the CISCE had carried out an
extensive exercise of Syllabus review.
As a part of this exercise, syllabi for various subjects at the ICSE and ISC levels specifically for
Classes X and XII, for the Examination Year 2022 were examined by subject experts to identify
portions which may be reduced, without compromising on the quality of content. This Reduced
Syllabus for the ICSE (Class X) and ISC (Class XII) Year 2022 Examinations is available on the
CISCE website under the PUBLICATIONS section.
In addition to reduction of Syllabus at the ICSE (Class X) and ISC (Class XII) levels, the CISCE will
follow a different method of conducting Examinations for the Academic Year 2021-22. The details of
this modified Assessment Plan for ICSE (Class X) and ISC (Class XII) levels for the Academic Year
2021-22 are given below:
DIVISION OF THE ACADEMIC SESSION 2021-22 INTO TWO SEMESTERS
• The Academic Session 2021-22 will be divided into TWO Semesters, with approximately 50%
of the syllabus being covered in each Semester.
• The Reduced Syllabus for ICSE (Class X) and ISC (Class XII) for the Examination Year 2022
has accordingly been bifurcated, and Units/subunits to be covered in each Semester specified
clearly.
• The Semester-wise Bifurcated Theory Syllabus for Classes X and XII is available on the
CISCE website under PUBLICATIONS.
(4)
CONDUCT OF EXAMINATIONS BY CISCE AT THE END OF EACH SEMESTER

• The CISCE will conduct Examinations at the end of each Semester.
FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATION
- The first Semester Examination will be conducted in November 2021 and will be based ONLY
on the portion of Syllabus (Reduced Syllabus for ICSE/ISC Examination Year 2022) specified
for the First Semester.
- This will be an MCQ based examination, which will be conducted online.
SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION
- The Second Semester Examination will be conducted in March/April 2022 and will be based
ONLY on the portion of Syllabus (Reduced Syllabus for ICSE/ISC Examination Year 2022)
specified for the Second Semester.
- This Examination will be conducted in online/offline mode, depending upon the pandemic
situation in the country.
• The question papers for each Semester Examination will be of 80/100 marks for ICSE and 70/80
marks for ISC, as per the maximum marks currently allocated for the Theory component of
the subjects. However, the weightage of marks (for each of the Semesters) to be finally used
for computation of the Board results would be brought down to half.
DETAILS PERTAINING TO THE CONDUCT OF THE SEMESTER-WISE EXAMINATIONS
WILL BE SHARED WITH THE SCHOOLS IN DUE COURSE.
PRACTICAL/PROJECT WORK AT THE ISC LEVEL AND INTERNAL ASSESSMENT AT
THE ICSE LEVEL
• In addition to the Examinations conducted at the end of each of the two Semesters during the
academic year 2021-22, candidates will also be assessed on Practical/Project Work at the ISC
level. The Mark weightage of the same remains unchanged (Refer to ISC Reduced Syllabus for
the Year 2022 Examination)
• If the situation permits, the ISC Practicals will be conducted as per Option 1 (Visiting Examiners
set the Practical Question Papers based on detailed guidelines and instructions from the
CISCE). In case the situation is not conducive due to the pandemic, and candidates are unable
to come to their respective schools to take the Practical Examination, Option 2 (Online/Virtual
mode) will be exercised.
• Similarly, in addition to the Semester Examinations conducted by the CISCE during the
academic year, candidates will also be assessed on Internal Assessment at the ICSE level. The
Mark weightage of the same remains unchanged (Refer to ICSE Reduced Syllabus for the Year
2022 Examination).
(5)
UPLOADING OF MARKS FOR PRACTICAL/PROJECT WORK/ INTERNAL ASSESSMENTS/

SUPW GRADES
• School will be required to ensure that all candidates finish the stipulated Practical/Project
Work/Internal Assessment, as specified in the ICSE and ISC Reduced Syllabi. The same may
be evaluated and marked by the Visiting Examiners (for ISC)/Internal Examiners (For ICSE),
as per the existing practice.
• Schools will be required to upload marks for Practical/Project Work/Internal Assessment/
SUPW grades on the CAREERS portal at the end of the second Semester, by a specified date.
• School must maintain a record of all work done by candidates for Practical/Project Work/
Internal Assessment. The CISCE may ask schools to send sample/s of work done by the
candidates, should the need arise.
Classes IX and XI
There is NO CHANGE in the syllabus for Classes IX and XI. For ICSE (Class IX) and ISC (Class
XI), schools are required to follow the ICSE and ISC Regulations and Syllabuses for the Year 2023,
respectively, as available on the CISCE’s website.
Please note that the CISCE will not be conducting the Class IX and XI Examinations during the
academic year 2021-22.
You are requested to ensure that all concerned, including the candidates and teachers are
apprised of the above-mentioned changes.
I look forward to your cooperation in this regards.
With warm regards,
Yours sincerely,
Gerry Arathoon
Chief Executive & Secretary
(6)
SYLLABUS
MATHEMATICS (860)
CLASS 12
BIFURCATED SYLLABUS
(As per the Reduced Syllabus for ISC - Class XII Year 2022 Examination)
SEMESTER 2
(Marks: 40)
Unit Name of Name of The
No. The Unit Sub-Unit
SECTION - A
3. Calculus (iii) Integrals
(iv) Differential Equations
4. Probability
(Complete Unit)
SECTION - B
6. Three - Dimensional Geometry Planes
7. Applications of Integrals
(Complete Unit)
OR
SECTION - C
9. Linear Regression
(Complete Unit)
10. Linear Programming

(Complete Unit)
(7)
SYLLABUS
MATHEMATICS (860)
CLASS 12
Latest Reduced Syllabus issued by CISCE for Academic Year 2021-2022
There will be two papers in the subject:
Paper I : Theory (3 hours) ……80 marks
Paper II: Project Work ……20 marks
PAPER I (THEORY) – 80 Marks
The syllabus is divided into three sections A, B and C.
Section A is compulsory for all candidates. Candidates will have a choice of attempting questions from EITHER Section
B OR Section C.
There will be one paper of three hours duration of 80 marks.
Section A (65 Marks): Candidates will be required to attempt all questions. Internal choice will be provided in two
questions of two marks, two questions of four marks and two questions of six marks each.
Section B/ Section C (15 Marks): Candidates will be required to attempt all questions EITHER from Section B or
Section C. Internal choice will be provided in one question of two marks and one question of four marks.
Distribution of Marks for the Theory Paper
S.No. UNIT TOTAL WEIGHTAGE
SECTION A : 65 Marks
1. Relations and Functions 10 Marks
2. Algebra 10 Marks
3. Calculus 32 Marks
4. Probability 13 Marks
SECTION B : 15 Marks
5. Vectors 5 Marks
6. Three - Dimensional Geometry 6 Marks
7. Applications of Integrals 4 Marks
OR
SECTION C : 15 Marks
8. Application of Calculus 5 Marks
9. Linear Regression 6 Marks
10. Linear Programming 4 Marks
Total 80 Marks
SECTION A is a function of x” as y =f(x).

1. Relations and Functions - Types: one to one, many to one, into, onto.
- Real Valued function.
(i) Types of relations: reflexive, - Composite functions (algebraic functions
symmetric,transitive and equivalence only).
relations. One toone and onto functions, (ii) Inverse Trigonometric Functions
composite functions. Definition, domain, range, principal
l Relations as : valuebranch. Elementary properties of
- Relation on a set A inversetrigonometric functions.
- Identity relation, empty relation, universal - Principal values.
relation. - sin–1x, cos–1x, tan–1x etc.
- Types of Relations : reflexive, symmetric,
x
transitive and equivalence relation. - sin −1 x = cos−1 1 − x 2 = tan −1 .
l Functions : 1 − x2
- As special relations, concept ofwriting “y
(8)
SYLLABUS
1 π - Singular and non-singular matrices.
- sin −1 x = cosec −1 ; sin −1 x + cos−1 x = and
x 2 - Existence of two non-zero matrices whose
similar relations for cot–1x, tan–1x, etc. product is a zero matrix.
(
sin −1 x ± sin −1 y = sin −1 x 1 − y 2 ± y 1 − x 2 )
- Inverse (2×2, 3×3) A–1 = A
AdjA
(
cos −1 x ± cos −1 y = cos −1 xy m 1 − y 2 1 − x 2 ) l Martin’s Rule (i.e. using matrices)
a1x + b1y + c1z = d1
similarly tan -1 x + tan -1 y = tan -1 x + y , xy < 1 a2x + b2y + c2z = d2
1 - xy
a3x + b3y + c3z = d3
x-y  a1 b1 c1   d1  x 
tan −1 x - tan -1 y = tan -1 , xy > -1
1 + xy      
A =  a 2 b2 c 2  B =  d 2  X =  y 
- Formulae for 2sin–1x, 2cos–1x, 2tan–1x, 3tan1  a3 b3 c3   d3   z 

x etc. and application of these formulae.
AX = B ⇒ X = A–1B
2. Algebra
Problems based on above.
Matrices and Determinants
l Determinants
(i) Matrices
- Order.
Concept, notation, order, equality, types of
- Minors.
matrices, zero and identity matrix, transpose
- Cofactors.
of a matrix, symmetric and skew symmetric
- Expansion.
matrices.
Operation on matrices: Addition and 3. Calculus
multiplication and multiplication (i) Continuity, Differentiability and
with a scalar. Simple properties of Differentiation. Continuity and
addition,multiplication and scalar differentiability, derivative of composite
multiplication. Non- commutativity of functions, chain rule, derivatives of inverse
multiplication of matrices. Invertible trigonometric functions, derivative of
matrices, if it exists (here all matrices will implicit functions. Concept of exponential
have real entries). and logarithmic functions.
(ii) Determinants Derivatives of logarithmic and exponential
Determinant of a square matrix (up functions. Logarithmic differentiation,
to 3 × 3 matrices), properties of derivative of functions expressed in
determinants,minors, co-factors. Adjoint parametric forms. Second order derivatives.
and inverse of a square matrix. Solving l Continuity
system of linear equations in two or three - Continuity of a function at a point x = a.
variables (having unique solution) using - Continuity of a function in an interval.
inverse of a matrix. - Algebra of continues function.
- Types of matrices (m × n; m, n ≤ 3), order; - Removable discontinuity.
Identity matrix, Diagonal matrix. l Differentiation
- Symmetric, Skew symmetric. - Concept of continuity and differentiability
- Operation – addition, subtraction,multiplication of |x|, [x], etc.
of a matrix with scalar,multiplication of two
- Derivatives of trigonometric functions.
matrices (the compatibility).
- Derivatives of exponential functions.
1 1  - Derivatives of logarithmic functions.
1 2 
E.g. 0 2   =AB(say) but BA is
2 2  - Derivatives of inverse trigonometric
 1 1   functions

not possible. - differentiation by means of substitution.
(9)
SYLLABUS
- Derivatives of implicit functions and - Integration as the inverse of differentiation.
chain rule. - Anti-derivatives of polynomials and functions
- e for composite functions. (ax +b)n, sinx, cosx, sec2x, cosec2x etc .
- Derivatives of Parametric functions.
- Integrals of the type sin2x, sin3x, sin4x,
- Differentiation of a function with respect
to another function e.g. differentiation of cos2x, cos3x, cos4x.
sinx3 with respect to x3. - Integration of 1/x, ex.
- Logarithmic Differentiation - Finding - Integration by substitution.
dy/dx when y = x .
xx
f '( x )
- Integrals of the type f ' (x)[f (x)]n,
- Successive differentiation up to 2nd order. f (x)
NOTE 1. : Derivatives of composite functions
- Integration of tanx, cotx, secx, cosecx.
using chain rule.
- Integration by parts.
l L' Hospital's theorem.
0, form, only.
- Integration using partial fractions.
0 Expressions of the form
f (x)
when degree
(ii) Applications of Derivatives g( x )
Applications of derivatives: increasing/ of f(x) < degree of g(x).
decreasing functions, tangents and normals,
x+2 A B
maxima and minima (first derivative test Eg. = +
( x − 3) ( x + 1) x − 3 x + 1
motivated geometrically and second derivative
test given as a provable tool). Simple x+2 A B C
problems (that illustrate basic principles and = + +
( x − 2 ) ( x − 1) x − 1 ( x − 1)2 x − 2
2
understanding of the subject as well as real-life
situations). - When degree of f(x) ≥ degree of g(x), e.g.
l Equation of Tangent and Normal
x2 + 1  3x + 1 
l Increasing and decreasing functions. =1− 2
2
x + 3x + 2  x + 3x + 2 
l Maxima and minima.
- Stationary/turning points. l Integrals of the type:
- Absolute maxima/minima dx px + a
- local maxima/minima ∫ x 2 ± a2 , ∫ ax 2 + bx + c dx
- First derivatives test and second derivatives
test l Definite Integral
- Application problems based on maxima and - Fundamental theorem of calculus (without
minima. proof)
(iii) Integrals - Properties of definite integrals.
Integration as inverse process of differentiation.
- Problems based on the following properties of
Integration of a variety of functions by
substitution, by partial fractions and by parts, definite integrals are to be covered.
Evaluation of simple integrals of the following b
b
types and problems based on them. ∫ f ( x ) dx = ∫ f (t ) dt
a a
Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (without
proof). Basic properties of definite integrals and b a
evaluation of definite integrals. ∫ f ( x ) dx = −∫ f ( x ) dx
l Indefinite integral a b
( 10 )
SYLLABUS
b c b
- Independent and dependent events conditional
∫ f ( x ) dx = ∫ f ( x ) dx + ∫ f ( x ) dx events.
a a c - Laws of Probability, addition theorem,
where a < c < b multiplication theorem, conditional probability.
b b - Theorem of Total Probability.
∫ f ( x ) dx = ∫ f ( a + b - x ) dx - Baye’s theorem.
a a
a a SECTION B
∫ f (x ) dx = ∫ f ( a - x ) dx
0
5. Vectors
Vectors and scalars, magnitude and direction of
0
2a  a a vector. Direction cosines and direction ratios
∫ f ( x ) dx = 2 ∫ f ( x ) dx , if f ( 2 a - x ) = f ( x ) of a vector. Types of vectors (equal, unit, zero,
0
0  parallel and collinear vectors), position vector
 0, f (2a - x ) = - f (x )
of a point, negative of a vector, components
a  a of a vector, addition of vectors, multiplication
∫ f ( x ) dx =  ∫0
2 f ( x ) dx , if f is an even function
of a vector by a scalar. Definition, Geometrical
-a 
 0 , if f is an odd function Interpretation, properties and application of
scalar (dot) product of vectors, vector (cross)
(iv) Differential Equations
product of vectors.
Definition, order and degree, general and
- As directed line segments.
particular solutions of a differential equation.
Solution of differential equations by method - Magnitude and direction of a vector.
of separation of variables solutions of - Types: equal vectors, unit vectors, zero vector.
homogeneous differential equations of first - Position vector.
linear - Components of a vector.
order and first degree. Solutions of
dy - Vectors in two and three dimensions.
differential equation of the type: + py = q ,
dx
- i , j , k as unit vectors along the x, y and the
where p and q are functions of x or constants. z axes; expressing a vector in terms of the unit
dx
+ px = q , where p and q are functions of y or vectors.
dy
- Scalar (dot) product of vectors and its geometrical
constants. significance.
- Differential equations, order and degree.
- Cross product - its properties - area of a triangle,
- Solution of differential equations.
area of parallelogram, collinear vectors.
- Variable separable.
NOTE : Proofs of geometrical theorems by using Vector
- Homogeneous equations.
algebra are excluded.
- Linear form dy +Py=Q
+ py = q , where P and Q are 6. Three - dimensional Geometry
dx
Direction cosines and direction ratios of a line
functions of x only. Similarly for dx/dy.
joining two points. Cartesian equation and
NOTE : The second order differential equations are
vector equation of a line, coplanar and skew
excluded.
lines. Cartesian and vector equation of a plane.
4. Probability
Angle between two lines. Distance of a point
Conditional probability, multiplication theorem
from a plane.
on probability, independent events, total - Equation of x-axis, y-axis, z axis and lines parallel to
probability, Bayes’ theorem. them.
( 11 )
SYLLABUS
- Equation of xy - plane, yz – plane, zx – plane. interpretation using the concept of increasing-
- Direction cosines, direction ratios. decreasing functions.
- Angle between two lines in terms of direction Self-explanatory
cosines / direction ratios. NOTE : Application involving differentiation, increas-
- Condition for lines to be perpendicular/parallel. ing and decreasing function to be covered.
l Lines 9. Linear Regression
- Cartesian and vector equations of a line through one
- Lines of regression of x on y and y on x.
and two points.
- Lines of best fit.
- Coplanar and skew lines.
- Conditions for intersection of two lines. - Regression coefficient of x on y and y on x.
- Distance of a point from a line. - bxy × byx = r2, 0 ≤ bxy × byx ≤ 1
l Planes
- Identification of regression equations
- Cartesian and vector equation of a plane.
- Direction ratios of the normal to the plane. - Estimation of the value of one variable using the
- One point form. value of other variable from appropriate line of
- Normal form. regression.
- Intercept form.
Self-explanatory
- Distance of a point from a plane.
- Intersection of the line and plane. 10. Linear Programming
7. Application of Integrals
Introduction, related terminology such as
Application in finding the area bounded
constraints, objective function, optimization,
by simple curves and coordinate axes. Area
different types of linear programming (L.P.)
enclosed between two curves.
- Application of definite integrals - area bounded problems, mathematical formulation of L.P.
by curves, lines and coordinate axes is required problems, graphical method of solution
to be covered. for problems in two variables, feasible and
- Simple curves: lines, parabolas, polynomial infeasible regions (bounded and unbounded),
functions. feasible and infeasible solutions, optimal feasible
solutions (up to three non-trivial constraints).
SECTION C
Introduction, definition of related terminology such
8. Application of Calculus
as constraints, objective function, optimization,
Application of Calculus in Commerce and advantages of linear programming; limitations of
Economics in the following : linear programming; application areas of linear
- Cost function, programming; different types of linear programming
- average cost, (L.P.) problems, mathematical formulation of L.P
- marginal cost and its interpretation problems, graphical method of solution for problems
- demand function, in two variables, feasible and infeasible regions,
- revenue function, feasible and infeasible solutions, optimum feasible
- marginal revenue function and its interpretation, solution.
- Profit function and breakeven point. Note: Transportation problem is excluded.
- AR, MR, R, C, AC, MC and their mathematical
qq
( 12 )
Topics Found Difficult by Candidates
Examination Paper 2020
l Continuity and derivability
l Modulus function
l Applications on derivatives
l Integration by substitution and by parts
l Applications integrals
l 3D geometry
l Inverse circular functions
l Mean value theorems, open and closed interval in Mean Value theorem.
l Increasing and decreasing functions. l In proving the function “onto”.
l Applying formulae of inverse trigonometric functions.
l Finding the area of a triangle using determinant. l Proving differentiability.
l Application of derivatives, in particular, rate measurer, Maxima and Minima.
l Conditional Probability and Bayes’ theorem.
l Family of planes and equation of straight line of 3D Geometry.
l Area under the curve.
l Application of calculus in Commerce and Economics.
l Application of derivatives including Maxima and Minima.
l Integrals, and curve sketching.
l Vectors, interchange of vector equation to Cartesian equation and vice-versa.
l Probability and Probability distribution.
l Inverse circular functions.
l Conic Section in general
l Integrals, definite Integrals and curve sketching
l Vectors and Interchange of vector equation to Cartesian form (vice versa) of plane and
Straight-line equations of 3D Geometry and their applications
l Conditional Probability and their applications, Binomial Probability distribution
l Complex numbers and Inverse circular functions
l Maxima and Minima
l Indefinite Integrals (use of substitution or integration by parts)
l Definite Integrals – use of properties.
l Inverse Circular Functions (formulae and relations)
l Differential Equations (solving Homogeneous and Linear Differential Equations)
l Vectors – in general l Annuity (Deferred annuities)
l Conics in general.
l Probability – use of sum and product laws and identifying all cases.
l Determinant properties and their use. l Conics (parabola, ellipse, hyperbola)
l Application of L Hospital's rule. l Indefinite Integrals, Definite Integrals.
l Inverse trigonometric functions. l Area of curves.
l Probability (Both sections) and probability distribution.
l Differential equations. l Complex numbers.
l Vectors. l 3D plane & straight-line.
l Annuities. l Linear programming.
l Regression lines.
( 13 )
Concepts in which Candidates got Confused
l Probability, mutually exclusive and independent events, Product and sum rule of probability,
dependent and independent events.
l Identification of the types of differential equations and their framing
l Between the regression coefficients byx and bxy and regression lines y on x and x on y.
l Linear Programming Problems in identifying the constraints.
l Application of definite integrals: Sketching of curves, Identifying the area of the shaded region
and finding the upper and lower limits from the graph.
l Between the composite functions f o g and g o f.
l Between open and closed interval in Mean Value theorem.
l Between mutually exclusive and independent events.
l Identifying the type of differential equation. l Definite integrals and their properties.
l Between Marginal cost and average cost
l Between the regression coefficients byx and bxy and regression lines y on x and x on y.
l Between Dot and Cross product of vectors.
l Open and closed interval of mean value theorems.
l Product and sum rule of probability and dependent and independent events.
l Dot and Cross product of vectors, Projection of a vector.
l Properties of definite integrals.
l Hyperbola and Ellipse: Their standard form and other relations
l Lagrange's Mean Value Theorem
l Product and sum rule of probability and concepts of dependent and independent events
l Definite Integrals and their properties
l Dot and Cross product of vectors
l Present value of annuity and Amount of annuity at the end of the period.
l Regression lines: y on x and x on y l Sum and product laws of probability
l 3 – D: Image of a given point and perpendicular distance
l Conditional probability property in Baye's theorem
l Price Index by aggregate and Price Relative methods
l Differences between and usage of formulae for BD, TD, BG, DV, etc.
l Conics (parabola, ellipse, hyperbola) l Open & closed intervals for Mean value theorem.
l Conversion of inverse trigonometric functions.
l Regression coefficient byx & bxy and r.
l Differential equations (Linear & Homogeneous form)
l Geometrical problem in vectors. l Annuity due & ordinary annuity.
l Banker's discount & banker's gain. l Price relative and aggregate method in Index No.
l Shortest distance between skew lines and parallel lines.
l Probability distribution (conceptual problem)
( 14 )
Suggestions for Students
ð Study and practice the entire syllabus keeping in view the pattern and the weightage of each
chapter in the question paper. Avoid selective study
ð Stress on learning the concepts of topics like calculus and its applications as its weightage is
maximum in the syllabus.
ð Understand the concepts of each topic and practice an adequate number of problems on a
regular basis, taking the assistance of the teacher, wherever required.
ð Make a list of all formulae and revise them frequently.
ð Take part in all periodic tests conducted by the school sincerely, identify the areas of weakness
and try to resolve your problems.
ð Revise the concepts of Class XI and integrate them with the Class XII syllabus (factorization,
formulae of algebraic expressions, etc.)
ð Make use of the given reading time of 15 minutes, for reading the questions carefully and high-
lighting various key points in the statements of the questions.
ð Avoid calculation errors and increase accuracy to the highest levels while solving problems
based on numerical values.
ð Manage your time effectively while attempting the question paper. Practice mock/sample papers
by strictly adhering to the stipulated time.
ð Avoid selective study. Study and practice the entire syllabus keeping in view the pattern of and
the weightage of each chapter in the question paper.
ð Revise the concepts of Class XI and integrate them with Class XII syllabus.
ð Understand the concepts of each topic and practice adequate number of problems on a regular
basis, taking the assistance of the teacher, wherever required.
ð Make chapter/topic wise list of all formulae, comprehend and revise the same at regular intervals.
ð Utilize the reading time of 15 minutes for reading the questions carefully and make a note of
the various key points in the statements of the questions.
ð Increase the level of accuracy to the highest levels while solving problems based on numerical
values.
ð Manage your time effectively while attempting the question paper. Practise mock/sample papers
by strictly adhering to the stipulated time.
ð Clarify the concepts of each chapter/topic with the help of your teacher.
ð Learn the Formulae related to every topic after acquiring thorough understanding of each
symbol used.
ð Revise all topics and formulae involved and make a chapter wise or topic-wise list of these.
ð Time management is important while attempting the paper. Practise solving papers within a
stipulated time.
ð Practise mock papers by following the time management with the guidance of the teacher.
ð Avoid selective study. Study the entire syllabus thoroughly and revise from time to time.
ð Concepts of Class XI must be revised and integrated with the Class XII syllabus.
ð Concepts of each chapter/topic must be clear. Formulae of related topics must be learnt.
ð Time management is important while attempting the paper. Practice solving papers within a
stipulated time. Make wise choices from the options available in the question paper and manage
time wisely.
ð Develop logical and reasoning skills to have a clear understanding.
ð Revise all topics and formulae involved and make a chapter wise or topic-wise list of these.
ð Make wise choices from the options available in the question paper and management time
wisely.
ð Be methodical and neat in working.
ð Learn to use the easiest method with correct formula for solving a problem.
ð Theorem, rules and laws to be well understood.
ð Attempt the question with a tension-free approach.
( 15 )
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x
b A ( x ) f ( x ) . dx Find the limits of integration in new system
b a
f ( x ) . dx [F( x )]a F(b ) – F( a ) of variable i.e. the lower limit g(a) and the
a Then, A'( x ) f ( x ), for all x [ a , b ] upper limit g(b) and the given integral
g (b)
Mind Maps
becomesz f (t ). dt .
g(a)
Consider a definite integral:

b
a f. [g (x)] . g' (x) dx
Substitute g (x) = t
b b
-I
(i) g' (x) dx = dt
Second Fundam
f ( x ) dx f (t ) dt
-
a a II
Step
ep
b a
St
ental
(ii) f ( x ) dx – f ( x ) dx
Th
a b Evaluate the
b c b integral, so
eore
m
(iii) f ( x ) dx f ( x ) dx f ( x ) dx , where a c b obtained by
a a c I usual method.
-I I
of I
a ep
St
nte
g
(iv) f ( x ) dx 0
a
ral
C
a a
alc
(v) f ( x ) dx f ( a – x ) dx 1/ 2 sin –1 x
dx
ulu
0 0 Evaluate:-
s
0 (1– x 2 )3/ 2
b b
(vi) f ( x ) dx f ( a b – x ) dt Method:- (i) Firstly, put sin–1 (x) = t
a a and transform the limit
2a a a Evaluation of Definite of x in t.
(vii) f ( x ) dx f ( x ) dx f (2 a – x ) dx Integrals by Substitution
(ii) Further integrate and
0 0 0
Examples substitute the limits to get
a Fundamental the required result.
2a 2 f ( x ) dx , if f (2 a – x ) f ( x )
(viii ) f ( x ) dx 0 Theorem of Calculus
0
0, if f (2 a – x ) – f ( x )
There is no need to keep integration
b 0, a+b if f ( a x ) – f (b – x )
constant C b b
2
or f ( x ) dx
a 2 f ( x ) dx , if f ( a x ) f (b – x ) f ( x ) . dx [F( x ) C] a
a a
[F(b ) C] – [F( a ) C]
-I
p
Properties of
e
a
a a
St
2 f ( x ) dx , if f ( x )is even i.e. f (– x ) f ( x ) Definite Integral F(b ) – F( a )

(ix ) f ( x ) dx [ f ( x ) f (– x )] dx 0
– a 0
0, if f ( x )is odd i.e. f (– x ) – f ( x )
b
b
-II Evaluate: f ( x ) . dx [F( x )]a
Step a
F(b ) – F( a )
inite Integrals Steps for Calculating
Def Definite Integral
Trace the Mind Map Calculate F(b ) – F( a )

First Level Second Level Third Level Step-III
1
2
n 1 1 –1 1 1 ax
n x 12. sec x tan x dx sec x C 20. dx sec xC 26. dx log C
1. x dx C, n – 1 x x2 – 1 2a a–x
n 1 13. cosec x cot x dx – cosec x C a2 – x2
x x –1 –1 dx 1 x–a
2
2. e dx e C 14. sec x dx tan x C 21. dx cosec xC 27. log C
ax x x2 – 1 x2 – a2 2a xa
ax e 2
3. e dx C 15. cosec x dx – cot x C dx x 2
–1 x 2 2 a
a 22. sin C 28. x 2 – a 2 dx x –a – log x x 2 – a 2 C
1 –1 a
x 16. dx sin xC a2 – x2 2 2
x a
4. a dx C 1 – x2 dx 2
log a x 2 2 a –1 x
–1
23. log x x 2 – a 2 C 29. a 2 – x 2 dx a –x sin C
–1 2 2 a
1 17. dx cos xC x2 – a2
5. dx log x C 2 2
1– x dx x a
x 2 2
1 24. log x x 2 a 2 C 30. x 2 a 2 dx x a log x x 2 a 2 C
–1
6. sin x dx – cos x C 18. dx tan xC x2 a2 2 2
1 x 2 n1
1 1 n
1 –1
7. cos x dx sin x C 1 ax b
–1 25. dx tan
x 31. ax b dx C, n – 1
19. – dx cot x C a
C
8. tan x dx – log cos x C log sec x C 1 x 2 a2 x2 a a n 1
9. cot x dx log sin x C – log cosec x C
π x For functions f(x) and g(x), we have

10. sec x dx log sec x tan x C log tan C (i) [f (x) g (x)] dx = f (x). dx g (x). dx
4 2 (ii) For any real number k, k. f (x). dx k f (x) dx [f(x). g(x)] dx = f(x). g(x). dx – {f '(x). g(x). dx}. dx
x
(iii) If functions f1, f2, f3,......fn, are functions and k1, Here, we can choose first function according
11. cosec x dx log cosec x – cot x C log tan C k2,.......kn are real numbers, then
2 to its position in ILATE, where
[k1 f1 (x) + k2 f2 (x) +.........+ kn fn (x)] dx =
I = Inverse trigonometric function
k1f1(x) dx + k2 f2 (x). dx +.........+ kn fn (x). dx
L = Logarithmic function
p(x) p(x)
–––– can be integrated by expressing –––– A = Algebraic function
q(x) q(x)
Fundamental formula T = Trigonometric function
as the sum of partial fractions of the following types :-
of Integrals d E = Exponential function
px q A B [F( x )] f ( x ), then f ( x ). dx F( x ) C
(i) , ab dx
x – ax – b x – a x – b Evaluate e–2x sinx dx
px q A B Method:-
(ii) 2
2
Properties or (i) Use integration by part method i.e. consider sin x as
x – a x – a x – a Indefinite Integrals 1st function and e–2x as 2nd function constant
px 2 qx r A B C d
(iii) Integration as (ii) Use theformula: u.v dx u v. dx –
I II
inverse process of
dx (u ). v dx dx
x – ax – bx – c x – a x – b x – c
differentiation le (iii) Again further use the integration
px 2 qx r A B C E x a mp
(iv) Integration by Parts by parts and simplify it
2 2
x – a x – b x – a x – a x – b
2 f (x). dx = f{g (t)}. g' (t), if we substitute x=g(t),
px qx r A Bx C
(v) 2
, such that dx = g'(t) dt.
2 n1
bx c x bx c f ( x)
n
x – ax x – a
(i) {f (x )} . f '(x ). dx = C, n – 1
n 1
where x2 + bx + c cannot be factorised further Integration by
Partial Functions f '( x )
(ii) . dx log f ( x ) C , f ( x ) 0
e Integration by f ( x)
sec x
Evaluate: dx efinit Integra Substitution
nd
I
1 cosec x e
pl
ls
m 1
Method:- To solve this problem first we simplify the Exa Evaluate: dx
Ex
am x x
trigonometric function, then we use the method of pl
e Method:- To solve this problem, we use the
substitution by putting sin x = t, then apply the
concept of method of substitution. Here first
property of partial fraction :
of all put x = t2, then apply the formula
px 2 qx r A B C Trace the Mind Map i.e. 1

( x – a ) 2 ( x – b) ( x – a ) ( x – a ) 2 ( x – b) First Level Second Level Third Level dx log x C

x
OSWAAL ISC Sample Question Papers Semester-2, MATHEMATICS, Class-XII
An equation involving derivatives of the dependent variable with respect to independent
dy d2 y
variable (variables) and constant. e.g.: x +xy 2 +k= 0. If there is only one independent
dx dx
dy d 2 y
It is used to solve such an equation in which variable, then we call it as an ordinary differential equation. e.g.: + – 2=0
Mind Maps
.
variables can be separated completely dx dx2
dx dy
eg., ydx = xdy can be solved as =
x y
Integrating both sides, logx = logy + logc
To form a Differential Equation from a
x given function we differentiate the function
= cx=cy is the solution.
y successively as many times as the no. of
arbitrary constants are given in the function.
Definition
e.g. Let the function be y = ax + b, then
we have to differentiate it two times, since
there are 2 arbitrary constants a and b.
A Differential Equation which can y’= a y”= 0. Thus, y”= 0 is the
dy f (x,y ) Ordinary required Differential Equation.
be expressed in the form = Variable Separable Differential Equations
dx g ( x, y) dx g (x , y) Formation of
= Method
or where, f(x,y) and Differential Equations
dy f ( x,y )
g(x, y) are homogeneous functions of
same degree is called a homogenous • A function which satisfies the given
differential equations. Differential Equation is called its solution.
Homogeneous
eg: (x2+xy)dy=(x 2+y 2)dx Differential Equations • The solution which contains as many
y arbitrary constants as the order of the
To solve this, we substitute =vy=vx.
x Differential equations is called a
general solution.
• The solution free from arbitrary constants
is called particular solution.
dy
A Differential Equation of the form +Py =Q, • e.g. y = e x + 1 is a solution of y”–y’=0.
dx Solution of
where P, Q are constants or functions or ‘x’ Differential Equations
Since y’= e x and y”= ex y”–y’ = e x– e x=0
only is called a first order linear Differential
Equation. Linear
.
∫ Pdx
Its solution is ye = ∫ Q. e
∫ P. dx dx +c Differential Equations
dy The highest exponent of the highest
eg: +3y =2 x has solution
dx order derivative. 3
3. dx ∫ 3. dx d2y dy
ye ∫ = ∫ 2 x. e dx+c ⇒ ye3 x =2 ∫ xe 3 x+ c e.g. the degree of + =0 is three.
dx2 dx
Order and degree (if defined) of a Differential

Equation are always positive integers.
Differential Degree of
Order of Differential Equations
It is the order of the highest order derivative of the Differential Equations
Equations
dependent variable with respect to the independent
variable involved in the given differential equation.
dy d2y
eg: the order of = e x is one and order of 2 +x =0
dx dx
is two. Trace the Mind Map

First Level Second Level Third Level

3
4 OSWAAL ISC Sample Question Papers Semester-2, MATHEMATICS, Class-XII

a.n – d ax by cz d
lx my nz p 1 1 1 2
r . n p PL d
where l 2 m 2 n 2 1 n a b c
2 2 2

b.n
Mind Maps
sin = 1 1
r . n – d r . n – d 0 2 2
b n Ve
cto m
rf or
rf
or
cto
m
m
Ve
for
1 1
a x b y c z d 1 1
Cart
ian
s
es
rte
Vector form
al bm cn 2 2 2 2
ian
a x b y c z d 0
Ca
sin =
2 2 2 2 2 2
for
a b c l m n
m
Or
aa ' bb ' cc ' m
cos f or
an
a 2 b 2 c 2 a '2 b '2 c ' 2 tesi
Car
r – a . n 0

f or m or r . n a . n
Ca
rtes N Ve ct
or
ian form or or r . n d where, d a . n
m
Dist
al
An
an
fo
gle
rm
n1 . n2 be
nes
tw
ugh

of
cos = Vec
t ee
ce of a
or n
Pla
th
n1 n2 f L
thro
or
eE
in
m
two
ne
qu
ea
f
ane
Pla
l
o
P
he
nd
t a x – x1 1 1
atio
f
Ca
a
Point of a
of
b y – y c z – z 0
r
n
t
tion
a1 . a b1 .b c1 . c
2 2 2 es
Pla
cos = atio ian
ion o
ne
qu
2 2 2 2 2 2
of th
for
Plane
m
e
tersec
a b c a b c
eE
Angle
1 1 1 2 2 2
h
Cart
esian form betw
Equat
ft
een
o
Tw
Plane
o the In
rm
Pl
an •Equation of xy – plane is z = 0
t fo
es es •Equation of yz – plane is x = 0
Vector form no f Plan
oin
atio •Equation of zx – plane is y = 0

eP
r–a . b – a × c – a = 0
Equ
On
Equation of plan
e pass
in g t
three non-c hro n of the Plane ax + by + cz + d = 0
olline
ar Po
ugh
eral Equatio where (a, b, c) are the direction
m ints Gen
for ratios and d is any constant
x – x1 y – y1 z – z1 i an
Cartes e - dimensio
x2 – x1 y 2 – y1 z 2 – z1 0 Thre eometry nal
the G
x3 – x1 y3 – y1 z3 – z1 orm of
cept f Plane x1 +lr , y1 +mr , z1 +nr
Inter
the P lane Inte
r sectio –ax1 +by1 +cz1 + d
t ion of n of the Li
ne and Plane where, r =
Equa al +bm+cn
x y z
1
a b c
Trace the Mind Map


5
6
Y
y = f (x)
The area of the region bounded by

y = g (x) the curve y = f (x) above X – axis
and between the lines x=a and x=b
X' X (b > a) is given by
O x=a x=b
Y' b b
A = y dx or f ( x ) dx.
The areas of the region enclosed between a a
two curves y = f (x), y = g (x) and the lines

Y
x = a, x = b is given by y = f(x)
b
A = [ f x – g x ] dx , where f x g x in [ a , b ]
a
y
x=a x=b
Case I
X' X
The area of the region enclosed O dx
Y'
between curves x = f (y), x = g (y)
and the lines y = c, y = d is
given by Case I
d
Case II
A = [ f ( y ) – g ( y )] dy
c
where f (y) ≥ g (y) in [d, c]
Y
Area Under Simple Curves
y=d Area enclosed between and Coordinate Axes
two curves
x=f(y)
x=g(y
)
y=c
X' X
O
Y' Case III The area of the region bounded by
the curve x = f (y) right to the Y – axis
Case II and between the lines y=c and
y=d (d > c) is given by
d d
A = x dy or f ( y ) dy.
c c
Y
Y
If f (x) ≥ g (x) in [a, c] and f (x) ≤ g (x) y=f(x) y=g(x) y=d
in [c, b] where a < c < b, then the
x=f(y)
area of the region bounded by the
curves is y=c
c b plicat X' X
A = [ f ( x ) – g ( x )] dx [ g ( x ) – f ( x )] dx O
a c Y'
X' X
Ap Int ion
O x=a x=c x=b
Y' the egrals
of
Trace the Mind Map


x – x bxy ( y – y )
x y •It is a basic and commonly used

where, x ,y
n n type of predictive analysis
(i ) r bxy byx •These regression estimates are
Mind Maps
used to explain the relationship

b b
yx xy between one dependent variable
y – y b yx ( x – x ) (ii) r
2 and one or more independent
variables
x y (iii) P ( X, Y ) 1
where, x ,y
n n (iv) Intersection points, (X, Y)
The straight line
which gives the
Perfect 2
1– r best fit in the least
Negative tanθ square sense to
Negat bxy byx
Relation
i ve the given sets of
data
X
O Equation of Line
of Regression
Y
Properties of
e Regression The main purpose of curve fitting is to
Perfect Positiv What Lien of estimate one of the variable from the other
Coefficient
Positive and Lines of Regression ?
Relation
X Regression
O Line of Y Y
Regression (i) (ii)
x. y
xy –
y n
Regres
s io Angle Between
b yx r . n
2 of Regression Line
x x y
– Types of
ef f
x2
on
X
Co x
n Correlation O O
Y
icient
x. y Regre (iii)
ssio
xy – n
y
x n
Co Curve
n
eff
on
io
bxy r . 2 ici Fitting
ss
en
fx
y t
–
y re
to
y2 fo
Reg n rT
n cie w
o
Coeffi O
Va
Diagram for
ria
bl
(xn, yn) Curve Fitting
Y (x , y )
ex
1 1
an
dn
dy
d1
d2 e
lin
sion
(x2, y2) The line drawn es
r
X eg
2 2 O 2
by least squares dR
n
where, d d ..... d is minimum and it is best fitting curve.
1 2 n method is called na
line of best fit ctio
fun
s s ion y = f(x)
re
Lin Reg •It is a form of mathematical
e of
Be s t regression analysis that finds The best fitting line of y on x
Fit
Line of best fit for a data set
Diag • Provides a visual
ramma
tic Representation demonstration of Trace the Mind Map

for Le Least Square Method relationship between First Level Second Level Third Level
ast Squar
e Method the data points
7
8
If region is bounded, then
Shade the common Check the feasible
the obtained value is required
region i.e., find the region is bounded
maximum or minimum value
feasible region. or unbounded.
of the objective function.
Draw the graph. If region is unbounded, then no
need to go to next step.
Consider all constraints
as linear equations.
A linear programming problem
Write the given LPP in is a simple technique for finding
mathematical form. the optimal value (maximum
or minimum) value of a linear
Maximise or minimises function of several variables.
Z = ax +by subject to
the constraints
a1x+b1y (< – or >)
– C1
a2x+b2y (< Maximum value of an objective
– or >)
– C2
x 0, y > function.
– 0 Graphical Method
Find the solutions of Solving LPP The linear function z = k1 x1 +
and feasible region k2 x2 +........+kn xn which is to
of inequation by be maximised or minimised.
mathematical method.
Inequations or equations in the
Find the optimal solution. Mathematical Formulation
variables of a linear programming
of an LPP and its Solution
problem which describe the
When a feasible solution optimises conditions under which the
the objective function. optimisation is to be accomplish.
What is Linear
Optimal Feasible Solution Programming Problem ? • Problem which seeks to
maximise or minimise
Set of all points available a linear function.
in the feasible region. • Linear programming
problems are spacial type
Related Terminology of optimisation problems.
Any point outside
the feasible region. •Diet problems
Feasible and Infeasible •Manufacturing problem
Solution •Transportation problems
Different Type of Linear
Programming Problems
Bounded and Feasible and

Unbounded Region Infeasible Region
The common region determined by

Feasible region of system of linear The region other than
Otherwise, it is said all the constraints including non-
inequalities is said to be bounded, the feasible region is negative constraints x > 0, y > 0 of a
rogrammi
if it can be enclosed within a circle. to be unbounded. ear P ng called infeasible region.
Lin linear programming problem.
Trace the Mind Map

ON TIPS
NOTES
Note making is a skill that we use in many walks of life: at school, university and in the world of work.
However, accurate note making requires a thorough understanding of concepts. We, at Oswaal, have tried
to encapsulate all the chapters from the given syllabus into the following ON TIPS NOTES. These notes
will not only facilitate better understanding of concepts, but will also ensure that each and every concept
is taken up and every chapter is covered in totality. So, go ahead and use these to your advantage… go
get the OSWAAL ADVANTAGE!!
Chapter 1 – Integrals
Indefinite Integral
d
Let F(x) and f(x) be two functions connected together, such that [ F( x )] = f ( x ), then F(x) is called integral
dx
of f(x) or indefinite integral or anti-derivative.
Thus, ∫ f ( x ) dx = F( x )+ C
where, C is constant of integration.
Some Standard Formulae
x n+1
∫x
n
(i) dx = + C , n ¹ −1
( n + 1)
1
(ii) ∫ x dx = log x + C , x ¹ 0
∫e
x
(iii) dx = e x + C
ax
∫ a dx =
x
(iv) +C
log e a
(v) ∫ sin x dx = − cos x + C
(vi) ∫ cos x dx = sin x + C
(vii) ∫ tan x dx = − log|cos x | + C = log sec x + C
(viii) ∫ cot x dx = log sin x + C = − log| cosec x | + C
(ix) ∫ sec x dx = log sec x + tan x + C

π x
= log|tan( + )|+ C
4 2
(x) ∫ cosec x dx = log cosec x − cot x + C

x
= log|tan( )|+ C
2
∫ sec
2
(xi) x dx = tan x + C
∫ cosec
2
(xii) x dx = −cot x + C
(xiii) ∫ sec x × tan x dx = sec x + C

(xiv) ∫ cosec x × cot x dx = −cosec x + C
1
(xv) ∫ 2
dx = − cos −1 x + C
1−x
1
(xvi) ∫ 2
dx = sin −1 x + C
1−x
dx
∫ 1+ x 2 = tan
−1
(xvii) x +C
1
(xviii) ∫ 2
dx = − cot −1 x + C
1 +x
dx
(xix) ∫ 2
= sec −1 x + C
x x −1
1
(xx) ∫ 2
dx = −cosec −1 x + C
x x −1
Properties of Indefinite Integral

(i) The process of differentiation and integration are inverse of each other.
d
dx ∫
i.e. f ( x )dx = f ( x ) and ∫ f ′( x )dx = f ( x ) + C
where, C is any arbitrary constant.
(ii) ∫ { f ( x ) ± g( x )} dx = ∫ f ( x ) dx ± ∫ g( x ) dx
(iii) ∫ K f ( x ) dx = K ∫ f ( x ) dx
Integration by Substitution
The method of reducing a given integral into one or more standard integrals by changing the independent
variable is called method of substitution.
Thus, ∫ f ( x )dx = ∫ f {g(t )} ⋅ g ′(t )dt , if we substitute x = g(t), such that dx = g’(t) dt.
Some Standard Substitutions
Expression Substitution
a2 – x2 x = a sin q or a cos q
a2 + x2 x = a tan q or a cot q
x2 – a2 x = a sec q or a cosec q
a+ x a−x
or x = a cos 2q
a−x a+ x
x−a
or ( x − a )( x − b) x = a cos2 q + b sin2 q
b−x
On Tips Notes 11
Integration by Partial Fractions

P( x )
Suppose, given integral is of the form ∫ Q( x ) dx , when P(x) and Q(x) are polynomials in x and Q(x) ≠ 0.
P( x )
Then, to solve such integrals by partial fraction, we firstly take the given integrand and decompose it
Q( x )
into suitable partial fraction form and then integrate each term by using suitable method.
Form of the Rational Functions Form of the Partial Fractions

px ± q A B
, a¹b +
( x ± a )( x ± b ) x±a x±b
px ± q A B
+
( x ± a) 2 ( x ± a ) ( x ± a )2
px 2 ± qx ± r A B C
+ +
( x ± a )( x ± b )2 ( x ± a ) ( x ± b ) ( x ± b )2
x2
Note: ∫ ( x 2 + a2 )( x 2 + b 2 ) dx
y
Let x2 = y and proceed for partial fraction of .
( y + a )( y + b 2 )
2
Integration by Parts
Let u and v be two differentiable functions of a single variable x, then the integral of the product of two
functions is
 d 
∫ uI vII dx = u∫ v dx − ∫  dx u∫ v dx dx
If two functions are of different types, then consider the 1st function (i.e. u) which comes first in word
ILATE, where
I : Inverse trigonometric function e.g. sin−1 x
L : Logarithmic function e.g. log x
A : Algebraic function e.g. 1, x, x2
T : Trigonometric function e.g. sin x, cos x
E : Exponential function e.g. ex
Integrals of Some Particular Functions
dx 1 x−a
(i) ∫ ( x 2 − a2 ) = 2a log x + a + C
dx 1 a+ x
(ii) ∫ ( a2 − x 2 ) = 2a log a−x
+C
dx
(iii) ∫ 2 2
= log x + x 2 − a 2 + C
(x − a )
dx
(iv) ∫ 2 2
= log x + x 2 + a 2 + C
x +a
x 2 a2 x
(v) ∫ a 2 − x 2 dx =
2
a − x 2 + sin −1 + C
2 a
x 2 a2
(vi) ∫ x 2 − a 2 dx =
2
x − a 2 − log x + x 2 − a 2 + C
2
x 2 a2
(vii) ∫ x 2 + a 2 dx =
2
x + a 2 + log x + x 2 + a 2 + C
2
(viii) ∫ e x [ f ( x ) + f ′( x )]dx = e x f ( x ) + C
Some Standard Integrands and Substitutions For Them

Integral Substitution
dx x
1 − tan 2
∫ a ± b cos x Put cos x = 2 , then put
2 x
1 + tan
2
x
tan = t
2
dx x
2 tan
∫ a ± b sin x Put sin x = 2 , then put
2 x
1 + tan
2
x
tan = t
2
dx Put a = r cos q and b = r sin q
∫ a sin x + b cos x
dx dx (a) divide numerator and denominator by cos2 x
∫ a + b sin 2 x , ∫ a + b cos2 x (b) Reduce sec2 x in denominator as 1 + tan2 x
(c) Put tan x = t and proceed for perfect square
dx
and ∫ a cos2 x + b sin 2 x
dx Put px + q = t
∫ ( ax + b) px + q
or
dx
∫ ( ax 2 + bx + c ) px + q
dx 1
∫ Put px + q =
( px + q ) ( ax 2 + bx + c ) t
dx 1
∫ Put x =
t
( px 2 + q ) ax 2 + b
Definite Integral
b
An integral of the form ∫a f ( x )dx is known as definite integral and is given by
b
∫a f ( x )dx = g(b) − g( a)
where, f(x) is derivative of g(x), a and b are lower and upper limits of a definite integral.
On Tips Notes 13
Fundamental Theorem of Calculus

Theorem 1- Let f be a continuous function defined on the closed interval [a, b] and A(x) be the area of function.
x
i.e. A( x ) = ∫ f ( x )dx. Then, A′( x ) = f ( x ), " x Î[ a , b].
a
Theorem 2- Let f be a continuous function defined on the closed interval [a, b] and F be an anti-derivative of f.
Then,
b
∫a f ( x )dx = [F( x )]a = F(b) − F( a)
b
Properties of Definite Integral

b b
(i) ∫a f ( x )dx =∫a f (t)dt
b a
(ii) ∫a f ( x )dx = −∫b f ( x )dx
a
(iii) ∫a f ( x )dx = 0
b c b
(iv) ∫a f ( x )dx = ∫a f ( x )dx + ∫c f ( x )dx , where a < c < b.
b b
(v) ∫a f ( x )dx =∫a f ( a + b − x )dx
a a
(vi) ∫0 f ( x )dx = ∫0 f ( a − x )dx
2a a a
(vii) ∫0 f ( x )dx = ∫ f ( x )dx + ∫ f ( 2 a − x )dx
0 0
2 a f ( x )dx , if f ( 2 a − x ) = f ( x )
f ( x )dx =  ∫0
2a 
(viii) ∫
0
 0 , if f ( 2 a − x ) = − f ( x )
2 a f ( x )dx ,
a  ∫ if f ( − x ) = f ( x ) i.e. even
(ix) ∫− a f ( x )dx =  0
 0 , if f ( − x ) = − f ( x ) i.e. odd
Chapter 2 – Differential Equations

Differential Equation
An equation containing an independent variable, dependent variable and derivative of dependent variable
with respect to independent variable, is called a differential equation.
Order of a Differential Equation

The order of the highest order derivative occurring in the differential equation, is called the order of
differential equation.
Degree of a Differential Equation

The highest power (positive integral index) of the highest order derivative involved in a differential
equation, when it is a polynomial equation in derivative, i.e. all powers are integers, is called the degree of
a differential equation.
Solution of a Differential Equation

A function in variables involved in the differential equation will be a solution of differential equation, if this
function and its derivatives satisfies the given differential equation.
General Solution of a Differential Equation

A solution of a differential equation which contains arbitrary constants, is called the general solution or
primitive solution of the differential equation.
Particular Solution of a Differential Equation
The solution obtained by giving particular values to the arbitrary constants in general solution, is called a
particular solution of the differential equation.
In other words, the solution free from arbitrary constants is called particular solution.
Formation of a Differential Equation

An equation with independent, dependent variables involving some arbitrary constants is given, then a
differential equation is obtained as follows :
(i) Differentiate the given equation with respect to the independent variable (say x) as many times as the
number of arbitrary constants in it.
(ii) Eliminate the arbitrary constants by these equations to get required differential equation.
Differential Equation in Variable Separable Form

dy
Suppose, a first order and first degree differential equation is = f ( x , y ) . …(i)
dx
dy
Then, expressed it as = h( y ) ⋅ g ( x ) …(ii)
dx
1
If h(y) ≠ 0, then separating the variables, eq. (ii) can be written as dy = g ( x ) dx.
h(y)
On integrating both sides, we get the required solution of given differential equation.
Homogeneous Differential Equation

 y  x
A function F(x, y) is said to be homogeneous function of degree n, if F ( x , y ) = x n g   or y n h   .
 x  y
dy
A differential equation of the form = F ( x , y ) is called a homogeneous differential equation.
dx
Solution of Homogeneous Differential Equation

dy dv
To solve homogeneous differential equation, firstly put y = vx and = v+x in given differential
dx dx
equation and then use variable separable to get the required solution.
Linear Differential Equation

A first order and first degree differential equation in which the degree of dependent variable and its
derivative is one and they do not get multiplied together, is called a linear differential equation.
There are two types of linear differential equations.
dy
Type I. If differential equation is of the form + Py = Q , where P and Q are constants or functions of x.
dx
Then, its solution is y × (I ⋅ F ⋅) = ∫ Q × (I ⋅ F ⋅) dx + C , where I × F×= e ∫

Pdx
.
dx
Type II. If differential equation is of the form + Px = Q , where P and Q are constants or functions of y,
dy
then its solution is x ×( I ⋅ F ⋅) = ∫ Q ×( I ⋅ F ⋅) dy + C , where I ⋅ F⋅ = e ∫

Pdy
.
On Tips Notes 15
Chapter 3 – Probability
Some Basic Definitions

(i) Experiment: An operation which can produce some well-defined outcomes, is called an experiment.
(ii) Random Experiment: An experiment in which total outcomes are known in advance but occurrence
of specific outcome can be told only after completion of the experiment, is known as a random
experiment.
(iii) Trial: When a random experiment is repeated under identical conditions and it does not give the
same result each time but may result in one of the several possible outcomes, then such experiment
is called a trial.
(iv) Sample Space: The set of all possible outcomes of a random experiment is called its sample space. It
is usually denoted by S.
Event
A subset of the sample space associated with a random experiment is called an event.
Types of Event
Equally Likely Event
The given events are said to be equally likely, if none of them is expected to occur in preference to the other.
Mutually Exclusive Event

A set of events is said to be mutually exclusive, if the happening of one excludes the happening of the other
i.e. if A and B are mutually exclusive, then ( A Ç B) = f.
Exhaustive Event
A set of events is said to be exhaustive, if the performance of the experiment always results in the occurrence
of atleast one of them.
If E1 , E2 , … , En are exhaustive events, then E1 ∪ E2 ∪… ∪ En = S.
Complement of an Event
Let A be an event in a sample space S, then complement of A is the set of all sample points of the space other
than the sample point in A and it is denoted by A’ or A.
i.e. A ′ = {n : n ∈ S, n ∉ A}
Some Basic Terms

Coin
A coin has two sides, head and tail. If an event consists of more than one coin, then coins are considered as
distinct, if not otherwise stated.
(i) Sample space of one coin = {H, T}
(ii) Sample space of two coins = {(H, T), (T, H), (H, H), (T, T)}
(iii) Sample space of three coins = {(H, H, H), (H, H, T), (H, T, H), (T, H, H), (H, T, T), (T, H, T), (T, T, H),
(T, T, T)}
Die
A die has six faces marked 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. If we have more than one die, then all dice are considered as
distinct, if not otherwise stated.
(i) Sample space of a die = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
(ii) Sample space of two dice

= {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5), (1, 6), (2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4),
(2, 5), (2, 6), (3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4), (3, 5), (3, 6), (4, 1), (4, 2),
(4, 3), (4, 4), (4, 5), (4, 6), (5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4), (5, 5), (5, 6),
(6, 1), (6, 2), (6, 3), (6, 4), (6, 5), (6, 6),}
Playing Cards
A pack of playing cards has 52 cards. There are 4 suits (spade, heart, diamond and club), each having 13
cards. There are two colours, red (heart and diamond) and black (spade and club), each having 26 cards.
In 13 cards of each suit, there are 3 face cards namely king, queen and jack, so there are in all 12 face cards.
Also, there are 16 honour cards, 4 of each suit namely ace, king, queen and jack.
Probability
In a random experiment, let S be the sample space and E be the event. Then,
Number of outcomes favourable to E n( E)

P (E) = =
ble outcomes
Number of all possib n(S)
(i) If E is an event and S is the sample space, then
(a) 0 ≤ P( E) ≤ 1 (b) P (f) = 0 (c) P (S) = 1
()
(ii) P E = 1 − P ( E )
Addition Theorem of Probability

(a) For two events A and B,
P( A È B) = P( A ) + P( B) − P( A Ç B)
If A and B are mutually exclusive events, then
P( A ∪ B) = P( A ) + P( B)
[for mutually exclusive, P( A Ç B) = 0]
(b) For three events A, B and C,
P( A È B È C ) = P( A ) + P( B) + P(C ) − P( A Ç B) − P( B Ç C ) − P( A Ç C ) + P( A Ç B Ç C )
If A, B and C are mutually exclusive events, then
P ( A È B È C ) = P ( A ) + P ( B ) + P (C )
for mutually exclusive events, 
 
 P ( A Ç B ) = P ( B Ç C ) = P ( C Ç A )
 
 = P ( A Ç B ÇC) = 0 
On Tips Notes 17
Important Results on Probability

(i) If A and B are two events associated to a random experiment, then
P ( A Ç B) ≤ P ( A ) ≤ P ( A È B) ≤ P ( A )+ P (B)
(ii) If A and B are two events associated with a random experiment, then
( )
(a) P A Ç B = P ( B) − P ( A Ç B)
( )
(b) P A Ç B = P ( A ) − P ( A Ç B)

(c)
 ( ) ( )
P  A Ç B È A Ç B  = P( A ) + P( B ) − 2 P ( A Ç B )

( )
(d) P A Ç B = 1 − P ( A È B)
(e) P ( A È B) = 1 − P ( A Ç B)

(f) P ( A ) = P ( A Ç B)+ P ( A Ç B)

(g) P (B) = P ( A Ç B)+ P (B Ç A )

(iii) (a) P (exactly one of A, B occurs)
= P ( A )+ P (B) − 2 P ( A Ç B)
= P ( A È B) − P ( A Ç B)
( )
(b) P ( neither A nor B) = P A Ç B = 1 − P ( A È B)
(iv) If, A, B and C are three events, then

P (exactly one of A, B, C occurs)
= P ( A ) + P ( B) + P (C ) − 2 P ( A Ç B) − 2 P ( B Ç C ) − 2 P ( A Ç C ) + 3P ( A Ç B Ç C )
( )
(v) (a) P A = 1 − P ( A ) ( )
(b) P A È A = P(S), P ( f ) = 0
Conditional Probability
Let E and F be two events associated with a random experiment. Then, probability of occurrence of event
E, when the event F has already occurred, is called conditional probability of event E over F and is denoted
by P(E / F).
P (E Ç F )
P (E / F ) = , where P(F) ¹ 0.
P (F )
Properties of Conditional Probability

Let A, B and C be the events of a sample space S. Then,
(i) P ( S / A ) = P ( A /A ) = 1
(ii) P {( A È B) /C} = P( A /C ) + P( B /C ) − P {( A Ç B) /C} ; P(C ) ¹ 0
(iii) P( A ′ /B) = 1 − P( A /B), where A ′ is complement of A.
Multiplication Theorem on Probability

Let A and B are two events associated with a random experiment, then
P( A ) × P( B /A ), where P( A ) ¹ 0
P ( A Ç B) = 
 P( B) × P( A /B), where P( B) ¹ 0
Multiplication Probability for more than Two Events

F  G 
Let E, F and G be three events of sample space S, then P ( E Ç F Ç G) = P ( E ) × P   × P 
 E   E Ç F 
Independent Events
Two events A and B are said to be independent, if the occurrence or non-occurrence of one event does not
affect the occurrence or non-occurrence of another event.
Two events E and F are said to be independent, if P( F /E) = P( F ), P( E) ¹ 0 , and P( E /F ) = P( E), P( F ) ¹ 0.
Note If E and F are independent events, then P ( E ∩ F ) = P ( E) × P ( F ) .
Theorem of Total Probability

Let S be the sample space and E1, E2, E3, …, En be n mutually exclusive and exhaustive events associated
with a random experiment.
If E is any event which occurs with E1, E2, E3, …, En.
P ( E) = P ( E1 ) × P ( E / E1 ) + P ( E2 ) × P ( E / E2 )
Then,
+ P ( E3 ) × P ( E / E3 ) +…+ P ( En ) × P ( E / En )
n  E
or P ( E) = ∑ P ( Ei ) ⋅ P  
i=1  Ei 
Bayes' Theorem
Let S be the sample space and E1, E2, …, En be n mutually exclusive and exhaustive events associated with
a random experiment. If A is any event which occurs with E1, E2, …, En, then probability of occurrence of
Ei when A occurred,
P ( Ei ) P ( A / Ei )
P ( Ei / A ) = n
, i = 1, 2 , … , n
∑ P ( Ei ) P ( A / Ei )
i=1
Chapter 4 – Three Dimensional Geometry

Plane
A plane is a surface such that a line segment joining any two points on it lies wholly on it. A straight line
which perpendicular to every line lying on a plane is called a normal to the plane.
Equation of Plane
(i) Equation of a plane in Normal form
In vector form: Let O be the origin and n be a unit vector in the direction of the normal ON to the
→
plane and let ON = p. Then, the equation of the plane is r ⋅ n = p.
In cartesian form: The general equation of a plane is ax + by + cz + d = 0.
The direction ratios of the normal to this plane are a, b and c.
(ii) Intercept form of the equation of a plane: If a plane cuts (intercepts) a, b and c with the coordinate
x y z
axes, then the equation of the plane is + + = 1.
a b c
On Tips Notes 19
(iii) Equation of a plane perpendicular to a given vector and passing through a given point
→
In vector form: The equation of a plane passing through the point a and perpendicular to the given
→ → → → →
vector n is ( r − a ) ⋅ n =
= 00
In cartesian form: The equation of a plane passing through a point (x1, y1, z1) is
a(x – x1) + b(y – y1) + c(z – z1) = 0
where, a, b and c are direction ratios of perpendicular vector.
(iv) Equation of a plane passing through three non-collinear points
→ → →
In vector form: The equation of plane passing through three non-collinear points a , b and c is
→ → → → → →
( r − a ) ⋅ [( b − a )×( c − a )] = 0.
In cartesian form: The equation of a plane passing through three non-collinear points A(x1, y1, z1),
B(x2, y2, z2) and C (x3, y3, z3) is given by
x − x1 y − y1 z − z1
x 2 − x1 y 2 − y1 z2 − z1 = 0
x3 − x1 y3 − y1 z3 − z1
(v) Equation of a plane passing through the intersection of two planes

In vector form: The equation of plane passing through the intersection of two planes
→ → → → → → →
r ⋅ n 1 = d1 and r ⋅ n 2 = d2 is r ⋅ ( n 1 + l n 2 ) = d1 + l d2 .
In cartesian form: The equation of a plane through the intersection of the planes

a1x +b1 y + c1 z+d1 = 0
and a2 x +b2 y + c 2 z+d2 = 0 is
( a1x+b1 y+c1 z+d1 )+l ( a2 x+b2 y+c2 z+d2 ) = 0
(vi) Equation of a plane parallel to a given plane
→ → → →
In vector form: The vector equation of a plane parallel to the given plane r ⋅ n =d1 is r ⋅ n =d2 .
In cartesian form: The cartesian equation of a plane parallel to the given plane ax + by + cz + d1 = 0
is ax + by + cz + d2 = 0.
Angle between two planes

In vector form: The angle between two planes is the angle between their normals.
→ →
→ → → →
n1 ⋅ n2
Angle between the planes r ⋅ n1 = p1 and r ⋅ n 2 = p2 is given by cosq= .
→ →
| n1 || n2 |
In cartesian form: If q is the angle between the planes
a1x + b1y + c1z + d1 = 0
and a2x + b2y + c2z + d2 = 0, then
a1 a2 + b1 b2 + c1 c 2
cosq =
a1 + b12 + c12 a22 + b22 + c 22
2
→ →
If two planes are perpendicular, then n1 ⋅ n2 = 0 or a1 a2 + b1 b2 + c1 c 2 = 0 and if they are parallel, then
→ → a b c
n1× n2 = 0 or 1 = 1 = 1 .
a 2 b2 c 2
Distance of a point from a Plane

In cartesian form: Distance of a point P(x1, y1, z1) from a plane ax + by + cz + d = 0 is given by
ax1 + by1 + cz1 + d
p=
a2 + b 2 + c 2
→ → → →
In vector form: The perpendicular distance of a point a from the plane r ⋅ n = d , where n is normal to the
plane, is
→→
| a ⋅ n − d|
→
|n|
→ → |d|
The length of the perpendicular from origin O to the plane r ⋅ n = d is .
→
|n|
Angle between a line and a plane

→ → → → →
The angle φ between line r = a + l b and plane r ⋅ n = d
→ → → →
b⋅ n b⋅ n
is cos q = → →
and sin f = → →
, where f = 90° − q.
| b || n | | b ⋅| n1
Chapter 5 – Application of Integrals
b
(i) The area enclosed by the curve y = f (x), the X-axis and the lines at x = a and x = b, is given by ∫ y dx.
a
d
(ii) The area enclosed by the curve x = f (y), the Y-axis and the lines at y = c and y = d, is given by ∫ x dy.
c
Y
y=d C
B
dy x=f(y)
A y=c D
X’ O L M X
Y’
On Tips Notes 21
(iii) If the curve y = f(x) lies below the X-axis, then area bounded by the curve y = f(x), X-axis and the lines
b
at x = a and x = b, is given by ∫a ydx .
Y
x=a x=b
X’ X
O
y = f(x)
Y’
(iv) G
enerally, it may happen that some position of the curve is above X-axis and some is below the X-axis
which is shown in the figure. The area A bounded by the curve y = f(x), X-axis and the lines at x = a
and x = b, is given by A = A2 + A1 .
Y
A1
x=b
x=a
X’ X
O
A2
Y’
(v) S
uppose, two curves are given by y1 = f(x) and y2 = g(x) and their points of intersections are given by
x = a and x = b.
(i) Suppose, f(x) ≥ g(x) in [a, b], then A = ∫ab [ f ( x ) − g ( x )] dx.
(ii) Suppose, f(x) ≥ g(x) in [a, c] and f(x) ≤ g(x) in [c, b], then A = ∫ac [ f ( x ) − g ( x )] dx + ∫cb [ g ( x ) − f ( x )] dx .
Y
y2 =g(x)
y1 =f(x)
X’ x=a X
O x=b
Y’
(vi) Area bounded by the two curves, y = f(x) and y = g(x) between the lines at x = a and x = b, is given
c b
by ∫ f ( x )dx +∫ g ( x )dx, where c is the intersection point between x = a and x = b.
a c
)
y=
g(x
y=
f(x
)
X’ x= a x= c x=b X
O
Y’
Chapter 6 – Linear Regression
Linear Regression
The statistical method which help us in estimating or predicting the value of one variable for a given value
of the related variable is called regression.
Let given bivariate data be ( x1 , y1 ), ( x 2 , y 2 ), ( x3 , y3 ), … , ( xn , yn ).
We can plot a scatter diagram and visualise a smooth curve approximating the data. This is called curve
filling.
Line of Best Fit

The straight line having the property such that d12 + d22 +…+ dn2 is minimum is called the line of best fit.
Using a bit of calculus, it can be shown that the least squares line approximating the set of points
( x1 , y1 ), ( x 2 , y 2 ), … , ( xn , yn ) has equation
y = a + bx …(i)
where the constants a and b are determined by solving simultaneously the equations
Σy = an + b Σx …(ii)
and Σxy = a Σx + b Σx 2…(iii)

which are called the normal equations for the least squares lines.
Solving eq. (ii) and (iii) simultaneously for a and b, we get
n Σxy − ( Σx ) ( Σy )
b= …(iv)
n Σx 2 − ( Σx ) 2
Σy Σx
Now, eq. (ii) yields y = = a+b = a + bx ,
n n
So, y − y = ( a + bx ) − ( a + bx ) = b( x − x )
\ y − y = b( x − x ) …(v)
Note: b is the slope of line (v) i.e., of the regression line of y on x. It is also called the regression coefficient of y on x,
denoted by byx. Thus, the line of best fit i.e., the regression line of y on x.
y − y = byx (x − x )
Similarly, the regression line of x on y is
x − x = bxy (y − y )
where, bxy is the regression coefficient of x on y
The lines of best fit are called regression lines.
Regression Coefficients
sy sx
byx = r ⋅ and bxy = r ⋅
sx sy
where, r is the coefficient of correlation and sx and sy are the standard deviations of y-variate and x-variate,
respectively.
Some properties of lines of regression

(1) byx , bxy and r or f ( x , y ) are of the same sign.
(2) |r| is the geometric mean of byx and bxy.

(3) 0 ≤ byx ⋅ bxy ≤ 1
2 2
Note: byx ⋅ bxy = r and 0 ≤ r ≤ 1
On Tips Notes 23
(4) If one of byx and bxy is numerically greater than one, the other is numerically smaller than one.
(5) Two regression lines intersect at ( x , y ).
(6) The two regression lines coincide if and only if there is perfect linear relation between x and y i.e. if
and only if f (x, y ) = ±1 .
(7) If r = 0, then the lines of regression are parallel to the coordinate axes.
Chapter 7 – Linear Programming

A linear programming problem is one that is concerned with finding the optimal value (maximum or mini-
mum value) of a linear function (called objective function) of several variables (say x and y called decision
variable), subject to the conditions that the variables are non-negative and satisfy a set of linear inequalities
(called linear constraints).
Some Terms Related to LPP

(i) onstraints: The linear inequations or inequalities or restrictions on the variables of a linear
C
programming problem are called constraints. The conditions x ≥ 0 , y ≥ 0 are called non-negative
restrictions.
(ii) ptimization Problem: A problem which seeks to maximise or minimise a linear function subject
O
to certain constraints determined by a set of linear inequalities is called an optimization problem.
Linear programming problems are special type of optimization problems.
(iii) Objective Function: A linear function of two or more variables which has to be maximised or
minimised under the given restrictions in the form of linear inequations (or linear constraints)
is called the objective function. The variables used in the objective function are called decision
variables.
(iv) O
ptimal Values: The maximum or minimum value of an objective function is known as its optimal
value.
(v) easible Solution: Any solution to the given linear programming problem which also satisfies the
F
non-negative restrictions of the problem is called a feasible solution. Any point outside the feasible
region is called an infeasible solution.
(vi) F
easible Region: The common region determined by all the constraints including non-negative
constraints x , y ≥ 0 of a linear programming problem is called the feasible region on solution region.
Each point is this region represents a feasible choice. The region other than feasible region is called
an infeasible region.
(vii) B
ounded Region: A feasible region of a system of linear inequalities is said to be bounded, if it can be
enclosed within a circle. Otherwise, it is said to be unbounded region.
(viii) Optimal Solution: A feasible solution at which the objective function has optimal value is called the
optimal solution of the linear programming problem.
(ix) O
ptimization Technique: The process of obtaining the optimal solution is called optimization
technique.
Corner Point Method

It is a graphical method to solve the LPP.
The following steps are given below
Step I. ind the feasible region of the linear programming problem and determine its corner points
F
(vertices) either by inspection or by solving the two equations of the lines intersecting at that
point.
Step II. E valuate the objective function Z = ax + by at each corner point. Let M and m respectively denote
the largest and smallest values of these points.
Step III. When the feasible region is bounded, M and m are the maximum and minimum values of Z.
Step IV. When, the feasible region is unbounded, then
(a) M is the maximum value of Z, if the open half plane determined by ax + by > M has no point
in common with the feasible region. Otherwise, Z has no maximum value.
(b) Similarly, m is the minimum value of Z, if the open half plane determined by ax + by < m has
no point in common with the feasible region. Otherwise, Z has no minimum value.
https://qr.page/g/2Cxb5KLaKHi
nnn
Time : 1 Hour 30 Minutes
Maximum Marks : 40 MATHEMATICS
ISC
Specimen Question Paper, 2021
(Issued By CISCE on 20th Dec. 2021)
SOLVED
Sample Question Paper
General Instructions:
1
1. Candidates are allowed an additional 10 minutes for only reading the paper.
2. They must Not start writing during this time.
3. The Question Paper consists of three sections A, B and C.
4. Candidates are required to attempt all questions from Section A and all questions EITHER from
Section B OR Section C.
5. All working, including rough work, should be done on the same sheet as, and adjacent to the rest of the
answer.
6. The intended marks for questions or parts of questions are given in brackets [ ].
7. Mathematical tables and graph papers are provided.
Section - A (32 Marks)

1. Choose the correct option for the following questions.
(log x )2 (log x )k
(i) If ∫ x dx = + c , then the value of k is: 1
k
(A) 3 (B) 2
(C) 1 (D) None of the above options
2a a a
(ii) ∫0 f ( x )dx = ∫ f ( x )dx + ∫ f ( k − x )dx , then the value of k is:
0 0
1
(A) a (B) 2a
(C) Independent of a (D) None of the above options
2 2
d2 y  dy   2 
2 d y
(iii) The degree of the differential equation + 3  dx  = x  2  is: 1
dx 2    dx 
(A) 1 (B) 2
(C) 3 (D) 4
 x −1 x
∫e
x
(iv) Given  2  dx = e f(x) + c. Then f(x) satisfying the equation is: 1
 x 
(A) x (B) x2
1
(C) (D) None of the above options
x
(v) Two cards are drawn out randomly from a pack of 52 cards one after the other, without replacement.
The probability of first card being a king and second card not being a king is: 1
48 24
(A) (B)
663 663
12 4
(C) (D)
663 663
(vi) If two balls are drawn from a bag containing 3 white, 4 black and 5 red balls. Then, the probability
that the drawn balls are of different colours is: 1
1 3
(A) (B)
66 66
19 47
(C) (D)
66 66
x3 − x2 + x − 1
2. Evaluate: ∫ x − 1 dx . 2
OR
Evaluate: ∫ log10 x dx .
3. Solve the differential equation: cosec3 x dy – cosec y dx = 0. 2
OR
dy
Solve the differential equation: = 2–y .
dx
8 10 − x
4. Evaluate: ∫2 x + 10 − x
dx . 2

5. A bag contains 6 red and 5 blue balls and another bag contains 5 red and 8 blue balls. A ball is drawn
from the first bag and without noticing its colour is placed in the second bag. If a ball is drawn from the
second bag, then find the probability that the drawn ball is red in colour. 4
OR
A bag contains 3 red and 4 white balls and another bag contains 2 red and 3 white balls. If one ball is
drawn from the first bag and 2 balls are drawn from the second bag, then find the probability that all
three balls are of the same colour.
1 + sin x
6. Evaluate: ∫ dx. 4
1 − sin x
7. In a bolt factory, machines X, Y and Z manufacture 20%, 35% and 45% respectively of the total output.
Of their output 8%, 6% and 5% respectively are defective bolts. One bolt is drawn at random from the
product and is found to be defective. What is the probability that it was manufactured in the machine
Y? 6
dx
8. Evaluate: ∫ . 6
sin x + sin 2 x
OR
π
Evaluate: ∫0
4 log (1 + tan x )dx .
Section - B (8 Marks)
9. Choose the correct option for the following questions: 2

(i) The equation of the plane which is parallel to 2x – 3y + z = 0 and which passes through (1, –1, 2)
is:
(A) 2x – 3y + z – 7 = 0 (B) 2x – 3y + z + 7 = 0
(C) 2x – 3y + z – 8 = 0 (D) 2x – 3y + z + 6 = 0
Sample Question Papers 27
(ii) The intercepts made on the coordinate axes by the plane 2x + y – 2z = 3 are:
−3 −3 3 −3
(A) , − 3, (B) , 3,
2 2 2 2
3 −3 3 3
(C) , − 3, (D) , 3,
2 2 2 2
10. Find the equation of the plane passing through the point (1, 1, 1) and is perpendicular to the line
x −1 y−2 z−3
= = . Also, find the distance of this plane from the origin. 2
3 0 4
11. Using integration, find the area of the region bounded between the line x = 4 and the parabola
y2 = 16x.4
Section - C (8 Marks)

(i) If the regression line of x on y is, 9x + 3y – 46 = 0 and y on x is, 3x + 12y – 7 = 0, then the correlation
coefficient ‘r’ is equal to:
−1 1
(A) (B)
12 12
−1 1
(C) (D)
2 3 2 3
– –
(ii) If X = 40, Y = 6, sx = 10, sy = 1.5 and r = 0.9 for the two sets of data X and Y, then the regression
line of X on Y will be:
(A) x – 6y – 4 = 0 (B) x + 6y – 4 = 0
(C) x – 6y + 4 = 0 (D) x + 6y + 4 = 0
13. For 5 observations of pairs (x, y) of variables X and Y, the following results are obtained:
∑x = 15, ∑y = 25, ∑x2 = 55, ∑y2 = 135, ∑xy = 83.
Calculate the value of bxy and byx. 2
14. A manufacturer wishes to produce two commodities A and B. The number of units of material, labour
and equipment needed to produce one unit of each commodity is shown in the table given below. Also
shown is the available number of units of each item, material, labour, and equipment.
Items Commodity A Commodity B Available no. of Units
Material 1 2 8
Labour 3 2 12
Equipment 1 1 10
Find the maximum profit if each unit of commodity A earns a profit of ` 2 and each unit of B earns a
profit of ` 3. 4
nnn
ISC
Solution of Question Paper

Section - A =
a a
1
∫0 f ( x )dx + ∫0 ( 2a − t )dt
a a
∫0
1. (i) Option (A) is correct. = f ( x )dx + ∫ ( 2 a − x )dx
0
Explanation:

...(ii)
(log x )2 (log x )k From eq. (i) and (ii), we get k = 2a.
Given,
∫ x dx =
k
+C
(iii) Option (B) is correct.
(log x )2 Explanation: Given differential equation
Taking ∫ x
dx
d2 y  dy 
2
 d2 y 
2
+ 3   = x2 
Let log x = t dx 2
 dx   dx 2 
 
Differentiating w.r.t. x,
1 d2 y
dx = dt Here, the highest differential coefficient is ,
x dx 2

then its degree = 2.
(log x )2
∫t
2
\
∫ x dx = dt (iv) Option (C) is correct.
Explanation: Given,
t3 x  x −1 x
=
3
+C ∫ e  x 2  dx = e f(x) + C...(i)

(log x )3  x −1
∫e
x
= +C L.H.S. =  2  dx
3  x 
(log x )3 (log x )k 1 1 
∫e
x
Hence, +C = +C =  x − 2  dx
3 k  x 
Comparing on both sides, we get 1 1
∫e . dx − ∫ e x . 2 dx
x
=
⇒ k = 3. x x
(ii) Option (B) is correct. 1 x 1 1
Explanation: = .e − ∫ − 2 e x dx − ∫ e x . 2 dx + C
x x x
2a a a
Given, ∫0 f ( x )dx = ∫0 f ( x )dx + ∫ f ( k − x )dx
0 [Integrating the first integral by parts
1
...(i) by taking as the first function]
2a a 2a x

Q ∫0 f ( x )dx = ∫0 f ( x )dx + ∫a f ( x )dx
1 x 1 1
= .e + ∫ 2 e x dx − ∫ e x 2 dx + C
2a a 0 x x x
\
∫0 f ( x )dx = ∫0 f ( x )dx − ∫a f ( 2 a − t )dt
1 x
[Q x = 2a – t ⇒ dx = – dt] = .e + C
x
Solutions 29
From eq. (i) 3. Given differential equation,
1 cosec3 x dy – cosec y dx = 0
f(x) =
x ⇒ cosec3 x dy = cosec y dx
(v) Option (A) is correct. dy dx
Explanation: Total number of cards = 52

⇒
=
cosec y cosec3 x
Number of king cards = 4
⇒ sin y dy = sin3 x dx
4 1
\ Probability of king card = = Integrating on both sides, we get
52 13
∫ sin y dy = ∫ sin x dx
3
Remaining cards = 52 – 1 = 51
52 − 4
\ Probability of drawing second card =
3 sin x − sin 3x
51 ⇒
∫ sin y dy = ∫ 4
dx
48
= [Using sin 3x = 3 sin x – 4 sin3 x]
51
3 1
4∫
Hence, Probability of first and second card ⇒
– cos y = sin x dx − ∫ sin 3x dx
1 48 48 4
= × = .
13 51 663 3 1  cos 3x 
⇒
– cos y = ( − cos x ) − ×  − +C
(vi) Option (D) is correct. 4 4  3 
Explanation: Required probability that the
3 1
drawn balls are of different colour ⇒
– cos y = − cos x + cos 3x + C .
3 4 4
C1 × 4 C1 3 C1 × 5 C1 4 C1 × 5 C1
= 12
+ 12 + 12 OR
C2 C2 C2
dy
3× 4 3× 5 4×5 Given, = 2–y
= + + dx
12 × 11 12 × 11 12 × 11
2 2 2 dy
⇒ = dx
12 15 20 2− y
= + +
66 66 66 ⇒ 2y dy = dx
47 Integrating on both sides, we get
= .
66
∫2 dy = ∫ dx
y

2. We have,
x3 − x2 + x − 1 [ x 2 ( x − 1) + 1( x − 1)] 2y
⇒
=x+C

∫ x −1
dx = ∫ x −1
dx log e 2
( x − 1)( x 2 + 1) 2y
= ∫ ( x − 1)
dx or
log e 2
− x = C.
= ∫ ( x 2 + 1)dx 8 10 − x
4. Let I = ∫2 x + 10 − x
dx ...(i)
∫ x dx + ∫ dx
2
=
x3 8 10 − ( 8 + 2 − x )
= +x+C . = ∫2 8 + 2 − x + 10 − ( 8 + 2 − x )
dx
3
OR b b
∫ 10
(log x )dx = ∫ 10 x ).1 dx
(log
[Using property ∫a f ( x )dx = ∫a f ( a + b − x )dx ]

1  8 x
= (log10 x ).x − ∫  log 10
x
e  x dx

= ∫2 10 − x + x
dx ...(ii)
[Using integration by parts] On adding eq. (i) and (ii), we get

= x log10 x – log10 e ∫ 1 dx 8 10 − x + x 
2I = ∫2   dx
= x log10 x – x log10 e + C.
 x + 10 − x 
8 3 12
∫2 dx = [ x ]2
8
2I = = +
70 70
1 15 3
⇒
I= [ 8 − 2] = = .
2 70 14
1 π 
= × 6 = 3. 1 + cos  − x 
2 1 + sin x  2  dx
6. Given, ∫ dx = ∫
5. Let E1, E2 and A denote the following events: 1 − sin x π 
1 − cos  − x 

E1: Red ball is transferred from Ist bag to IInd 2 
bag. [Q sin x = cos (90° – x)]

E2: Red ball is transferred from IInd bag to Ist
π x
bag. 2 cos2  − 
= ∫  4 2  dx

A: Drawn ball from IInd bag is red in colour.
π x
It is given that 2 sin 2  − 
4 2
6 5
P(E1) = , P(E2) = θ
11 13 [Q 1 + cos q = 2 cos2
2
E1 has occurred 6 red balls and 8 blue balls,
A 3 θ
6 and 1 – cos q = sin2 ]
So, P  = = 2
E
 1 14 7
π x
 A = ∫ cot 2  −  dx
4 4 2
P  =
E
 2 12
 π x 
∫ cosec
2
A  A
=  4 − 2  − 1 dx
  
\
P(A) = P( E1 ) × P   + P( E2 ) × P  
 E1   E2 
2π x
= ∫ cosec  −  dx − ∫ dx
6 3 5 4 4 2
= × + ×
11 7 13 12
π x
cot  − 
18 5 = −  4 2  −x+C
= +
77 39 1
−
2
= 0.36
π x
OR = 2 cot  −  − x + C .
4 2

Let E1, E2, E3, E4 and E denote the following
events: 7. Let event E1: bolt manufactured by machine X

E1: Taking out 1 red ball from first bag event E2: bolt manufactured by machine Y

E2: Taking out 2 red balls from second bag event E3: bolt manufactured by machine Z

E3: Taking out 1 white ball from first bag and A: defective bolt is drawn.

E4: Taking out 2 white balls from second bag 20
\
P(E1) = = 0.2
and E: 3 balls are of same colour. 100
\ Required probability,
35
P(E2) = = 0.35
P(E) = P(E1) . P(E2) + P(E3) . P(E4) 100
3 2 C2 4 3 C2 45
= × + × P(E3) = = 0.45
7 5 C2 7 5 C2 100
3 1 4 3 A 8
= × + × P  = = 0.08
7 10 7 10  E1  100
Solutions 31
 A 6 A(1 + t )(1 + 2t ) + B(1 − t )(1 + 2t ) + C(1 − t 2 )

P  = = 0.06 =
 E2  100 (1 − t )(1 + t )(1 + 2t )

⇒ 1 = A(1 + t)(1 + 2t) + B(1 – t)(1 + 2t)
 A 5
P  = = 0.05 + C(1 – t2)
E
 3 100 Putting 1 + t = 0 ⇒ t = – 1, we get

Using Bayes' theorem, 1
B= −
2
Required Probability,
Putting 1 – t = 0 ⇒ t = 1, we get
E 
P 2  1
A A=
  6
 A 1
P( E2 ).P   Again putting 1 + 2t = 0 ⇒ t = − , we get
 E2  2
=
A  A  A 4
P( E1 ).P   + P( E2 ).P   + P( E3 ).P   C=
E
 1 E
 2  E3  3

Putting the values of A, B and C in eq. (i),
0.35 × 0.06
= 1 1 1 4
0.2 × 0.08 + 0.35 × 0.06 + 0.45 × 0.05 = − +
(1 − t )(1 + t )(1 + 2t ) 6(1 − t ) 2(1 + t ) 3(1 + 2t )

0.021
= dt
0.016 + 0.021 + 0.0225 \ −∫
(1 − t )(1 + t )(1 + 2t )
0.021 210
= =
0.0595 595  1 log(1 − t ) 1 4 log(1 + 2t ) 
= −  . − log(1 + t ) + +C
6 −1 2 3 2 
42 6
= = .
119 17 1 1
= log (1 – cos x) + log (1 + cos x)
6 2
dx dx
8. ∫ sin x + sin 2x = ∫ sin x + 2 sin x cos x 2
– log (1 + 2 cos x) + C.
3
dx
= ∫ sin x(1 + 2 cos x ) OR
π/4
sin x dx
Let I= ∫0 log(1 + tan x )dx

...(i)
= ∫ sin 2 x(1 + 2 cos x ) π/4 π 
Also, I= ∫0 log[1 + tan  − x  ] dx
 4 
sin x dx
= ∫ (1 − cos2 x )(1 + 2 cos x ) π/4  1 − tan x 
= ∫0 log  1 +  dx
 1 + tan x 
Let cos x = t
 π 
⇒
– sin x dx = dt ∵ tan 4 = 1
 
dt
= – ∫ π/4  1 + tan x + 1 − tan x 
(1 − t 2 )(1 + 2t ) = ∫0 log 
 1 + tan x  dx

dt
= – ∫ π/4  2 
(1 − t )(1 + t )(1 + 2t ) = ∫0 log 
 1 + tan x  dx

...(ii)
Using method of partial fractions, On adding eq. (i) and (ii), we get
1 A B C π/4 π/4  2 
+ + ...(i)

(1 − t )(1 + t )(1 + 2t )
=
1 − t 1 + t 1 + 2t
2I = ∫0 log (1 + tan x )dx + ∫
0
log 
 1 + tan x  dx

1 π/4 π/4  2 
⇒

(1 − t )(1 + t )(1 + 2t ) ∫0 log (1 + tan x )dx + ∫
0
log  
 1 + tan x 
dx

π/4 \
3(x – 1) + 4(z – 1) = 0
= log 2 ∫0 1dx
⇒
3x – 3 + 4z – 4 = 0
= log 2[ x]π / 4 ⇒
3x + 4z – 7 = 0
0
π 
⇒
2I = log 2  − 0 
 4 
π P (x, y, z)
⇒
2I = log 2
4 •
A (1, 1, 1)
π
⇒
I= log 2 .
8 which is an equation of the plane.
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
If a1i + b1 j + c1 k and a 2 i + b2 j + c 2 k are
Section - B
perpendicular to each other, then a.b = 0
9. (i) Option (A) is correct.
i.e., a1a2 + b1b2 + c1c2 = 0
Explanation:
\ Distance of this plane from origin

Given equation = 2x – 3y + z = 0
a1 a2 + b1 b2 + c1 c 2 + ( −7 )
which is parallel to 2x – 3y + z = k...(i) =
( 3 )2 + ( 4 )2
It passes through (1, – 1, 2)
Then, 2 × 1 – 3(– 1) + 2 = k 0−7 −7
= =
⇒
k=7 9 + 16 5
Putting the value of k in eq. (i)
7
2x – 3y + z = 7 = .
5
⇒
2x – 3y + z – 7 = 0.
(ii) Option (B) is correct.
11. Given, y2 = 16x represents a parabola and x = 4
is a line parallel to y-axis.
Explanation:

Q y2 = 16x is symmetrical about x-axis.

2x + y – 2z = 3
\ Required area = 2 (ar. of OCAO)

2x y 2 z
⇒
+ − =1 Y
3 3 3
(Dividing by 3 on both sides) A
x y z
⇒
+ + =1 X'
3 / 2 3 −3 / 2 O C (4, 0)
X
x=4
\ Intercepts are:
3 −3 B

a= , b = 3 and c = .
2 2
Y'
x −1 y−2 z−3
10. Given, line = = 4
3 0 4
i.e., A = 2 ∫0 y dx
and equation of line: 4
= 2 ∫0 16 x dx
x − x0 y − y0 z − z0
= =
l m n 4
= 8 ∫ x dx
0
So, l = 3, m = 0 and n = 4
4
Equation of the plane:  x 3/2 
(x – a)l + (y – b)m + (z – c)n = 0 = 8  
 3 / 2  0
⇒ 3(x – a) + 0(y – b) + 4(z – c) = 0

It passes through the point (1, 1, 1) i.e., 2
= 8 × [ x 3/2 ]04
3
a = 1, b = 1 and c = 1
Solutions 33
16 x − x = bxy ( y − y )
= [( 4 )3/2 − ( 0 )3/2 ]
3
⇒
x – 40 = 6 (y – 6)
16
= ×8 ⇒
x – 40 = 6y – 36
3
⇒
x – 6y – 4 = 0.
128
= sq. units.
3 13. Given, Sx = 15, Sy = 25, Sx2 = 55, Sy2 = 135,
Sxy = 83 and n = 5
Section - C Σx.Σy
Σxy −
n
12. (i) Option (C) is correct. \
bxy =
( Σy ) 2
Σy 2 −
Explanation: Given,
n
9x + 3y – 46 = 0 15 × 25
83 −
Regression line of x on y: = 5
9x = – 3y + 46 ( 25)2
135 −
5
1 46
x = − y+ 4
3 9 =
5
1

i.e., bxy = − = 0.8.
3
Σx.Σy
and 3x + 12y – 7 = 0 Σxy −
n
and byx =
Regression line of y on x: ( Σx ) 2
Σx 2 −
12y = – 3x + 7 n
1 7 15 × 25
y = − x+ 83 −
4 12 = 5
(15)2
1 55 −

i.e., byx = − 5
4
83 − 75
\ correlation coefficient,
=
55 − 45
r = − byx bxy
8
=
10
 1  1
= −  −  ×  −  = 0.8.
 3  4
14. Let x be the no. of units of commodity A
1 produced and y be the no. of units of commodity
= −
12 B produced, then
1 x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0,

= − .
x + 2y ≤ 8...(i)
2 3
3x + 2y ≤ 12...(ii)
(ii) Option (A) is correct.
and x + y ≤ 10...(iii)
Explanation: Given, x = 40, y = 6, sx = 10,

The solution set of above three equations are:
sy = 1.5 and r = 0.9
(0, 4), (4, 0), (0, 6), (0, 10), (10, 0), (0, 0), (8, 0) and
σ 10 (2, 3)
and bxy = r . x = 0.9 × =6
σy 1.5 Now, z = 2x + 3y (Let Z be profit)
Regression line of x on y: Draw the diagram with these points:
Now, we can determine the maximum value of

(0, 10) Z by evaluating the value of Z at the vertices.
Points Z = 2x + 3y
(0, 0) 0
(4, 0) 8
(2, 3) 13 (maximum)
(4, 0) (8, 0) (10, 0)
(0, 4) 12
Hence, the maximum profit is ` 13.

nnn
ISC
Sample Question Papers
SOLVED
Sample Question Paper 2

answer.

(i) The value of I = ∫ sin 2 x dx is 1
1 sin 2 x  1 sin 2 x 
(A)  y− +c (B) x+ +c
2 3  
2 2 
1 sin 2 x  1 sin 2 x 
(C) x− +c (D) x− +c
2  2  5  3 
3 dx
(ii) The value of ∫1 1 + x2
is: 1
π π
(A) (B)
3 4
π π
(C) (D)
6 12
2
 d 2 y   dy 2  dy 
(iii) The degree of the differential equation  2  +   = x sin   is : 1
 dx   dx   dx 
 
(A) 1 (B) 2
(C) 3 (D) not defined
(iv) The value of I = ∫ sin 7 x. cos 3x dx is: 1

−1  cos 10 x cos 4 x  −1  cos 10 x cos 4 x 
(A) + +c (B) − +c
5  5 2  4  5 2 
−1  cos 10 x cos 4 x  −1  cos 10 x cos 4 x 

(C) + +c (D) + +c
6  5 2  4  5 2 
(v) If A and B are two events such that P(A) = 0.2, P(B) = 0.4 and P(A ∪ B) = 0.5, then value of P(A/B)
is: 1
(A) 0.1 (B) 0.25
(C) 0.5 (D) 0.08
(vi) A bag contains 6 balls of which two are red and four are black. Two balls are drawn at random.
Probability that they are of the different colours is: 1
2 1
(A) (B)
5 15
8 4
(C) (D)
15 15
x 3 + 5x 2 + 4 x + 1
2. Evaluate: ∫ x2
dx . 2
OR
1
Solve: ∫ 2
dx .
x cos (1 + log x )
dy
3. Solve: = 1 – xy + y – x. 2
dx
OR
 dy 
Solve the differential equation: log   = 2 x − 3 y
 dx 
4. Evaluate: ∫02 4 − x 2 dx . 2
5. A bag contains 5 white, 7 red and 4 black balls. If four balls are drawn one by one with replacement,
what is the probability that none is white ? 4
OR
A and B throw two dice each. If A gets a sum of 9 on his two dice, then find the probability of B getting
a higher sum.
x
6. Evaluate: ∫ dx . 4
a − x3
3
7. A, B and C throw a die one after the other in the same order till one of them gets a '6' and wins the
game. Find their respective probability of winning, if A starts the game. 6
3x + 5
8. Evaluate: ∫ x 3 − x 2 − x + 1 dx . 6
OR
π/2
Prove that: ∫0 ( tan x + cot x )dx = 2 π .

(i) The equation of the straight line through (a, b, g) and parallel to z-axis is:
x −α y−β z−γ x −α y−β z−γ
(A) = = (B) − =
1 1 0 0 0 1
x+α y+β z+γ x −α y−β z−γ
(C) = = (D) = =
0 0 1 0 0 −1
(ii) Distance of a point (a, b, g) from y-axis is:
(A) b (B) |b|
(C) |b| + |g| (D) α2 + γ 2

x +1 y z −3
10. Find the angle between the line = = and the plane 2x + 3y – 5z = 4. 2
2 3 6
11. Find the area of the figure, bounded by the graph functions y = x2 and y = 2x – x2.
2
y=x
y=2x–x2
4

(i) The coefficient of correlation from the regression lines x – 2y + 3=0 and 4x – 5y + 1 = 0 is:
(A) 0.59 (B) 0.69
(C) 0.79 (D) 0.89
(ii) If r = 0, the variables are uncorrelated, the lines of regression becomes …… to each other.
(A) perpendicular (B) parallel
(C) equal (D) none of these
13. If x– = 18, y– = 100, s = 14, s = 20 and correlation coefficient r = 0·8, find the regression equation of
x y xy
y on x. 2
14. If a young man rides his motor-cycle at 25 km per hour, he had to spend ` 2 per km on petrol with
very little pollution in the air. If he rides it at a faster speed of 40 km per hour, the petrol cost increases
to ` 5 per km and rate of pollution also increase. He has ` 100 to spend on petrol and wishes to find
what is the maximum distance he can travel within one hour. Express this problem as an L.P.P. Solve it
graphically to find the distance to be covered with different speeds. 4
nnn
ISC
SOLVED

answer.

(i) The value of I = ∫ 1 + sin 2 x dx is: 1
(A) sin x + 3 cos x + c (B) sin x +5 cos x + c

(C) 3 sin x – 2 cos x + c (D) sin x – cos x + c
k dx π
(ii) If ∫ 0 8x 2 + 2 =
16
, then k is : 1
1 −1
(A) (B)
2 2
π −π
(C) (D)
2 2
5
 dy  d3 y
(iii) The order and degree of the differential equation 1 +   = 3 is : 1
 dx  dx
(A) 5, 3 (B) 2, 3
(C) 3, 1 (D) 4, 3
sin x
(iv) The value of I = ∫ 3 + 4 cos2 x dx is: 1
−1 2 cos x −1 cos x
(A) tan −1 +c (B) tan −1 +c
2 3 3 2 3 5
−1 3 cos x −1 4 cos x
(C) tan −1 +c (D) tan −1 +c
2 3 7 2 3 9
(v) The probability of Sachin passing an examination is 3/7 and of Rehan passing is 5/7. Assuming the
two events, “Sachin passes”, “Rehan passes” as independent, find the probability of only Sachin
passing the examination. 1
6 7
(A) (B)
49 41
4 5
(C) (D)
7 17
(vi) The odds in favour of one student passing a test are 3 : 7. The odds against another student passing
it are 3 : 5, what is the probability that both pass the test ? 1
3 1
(A) (B)
8 16
1 3
(C) (D)
8 16
sec 2 x
2. Evaluate: ∫ cosec2 x dx . 2
OR
2x
e
Evaluate: ∫ dx .
2 + ex
3. Form a differential equation of the family of the curves y2 = 4ax. 2
OR
Find the differential equation of the family of curves y = Aex + Be–x, where A and B are arbitrary
concepts.
π/2 sin 3 / 2 x
4. Evaluate: ∫0 sin 3 / 2 x + cos3 / 2 x
dx. 2

5. P speaks truth in 70% of the cases and Q in 80% of the cases. In what percent of cases are they likely to
agree in stating the same fact? 4
OR
The bag ‘A’ contains 3 white and 2 black balls while the bag ‘B’ contains 2 white and 5 black balls. One
of the bags is chosen at random and a ball is drawn from it. What is the probability that the ball is white.
6. Evaluate: ∫01 x tan −1 xdx . 4
7. In a class of 75 students, 15 are above average, 45 are average and the rest below average achievers. The
probability that an above average achieving student fails is 0.005, that an average achieving student
fails is 0.05 and the probability of a below average achieving students failing is 0.15. If a student is
known to have passed, what is the probability that he is a below average achiever? 6
sin 2 x
(1 + sin x )( 2 + sin x )
OR
2 π x cos x
Prove that: ∫0 dx = 2 π2 .
1 + cos x

(i) The intercepts made by the plane 3x – 2y + 4z = 12 on the coordinates axes are:
(A) 6, –4, 3 (B) 4, –6, 3
1 1 1
(C) 2, –3, 4 (D) ,− ,
4 6 3
3 − x y + 4 2z − 6
(ii) The vector equation for the line = = is:
5 7 4
→
(A) r = ( −5i + 7 j + 2 k ) + λ( 3i − 4 j + 3k )

→
(B) r = ( −3i + 4 j + 6 k ) + λ( 5i + 7 j + 4 k )
→
(C) r = ( 3i − 4 j + 3k ) + λ( −5i + 7 j + 2 k )
→
(D) r = ( 5i + 7 j + 2 k ) + λ( 3i − 4 j + 6 k )
10. Show that the three points A(2, 1, 3), B(3, 4, 5) and C(7, 16, 13) are collinear. 2
2
11. Find the area of the region bounded by the curve y = x – 2x, the x-axis and the lines x = 1 and x = –1. 4

(i) For a certain bivariate data on 5 pairs of observations given Sx = 20, Sy = 20, Sx2 = 90, Sy2 = 90,
Sxy = 76. Then r is:
(A) ± 0.4 (B) 0.4
(C) – 0.4 (D) – 0.6
(ii) If for a bivariate data, bxy = – 0.3 and byx = – 1.2 then r =
(A) – 0.06 (B) 0.06
(C) – 0.6 (D) 0.6
13. For the lines of regression 4x – 2y = 4 and 2x – 3y + 6 = 0, find the mean of ‘x’ and the mean of ‘y’. 2
14. A company manufacturers two types of products A and B. Each unit of A requires 3 gram of nickel and
1 gram of chromium, while each unit of B requires 1 gram of nickel and 2 gram of chromium. The firm
can produce 9 gram of nickel and 8 grams of chromium. The profit is ` 40 on each unit of product of type
A and ` 50 on each unit of type B. How many units of each type should the company manufactures so as
to earn maximum profit? Use linear programming to find the solution. 4
nnn
ISC
SOLVED

answer.

(i) The value of I = ∫ex (tan x – log cos x)) dx is: 1
(A) ex log (sec x) + c (B) ex log (cosec x) + c
x
(C) e log (cos x) + c (D) ex log (sin x) + c
π
(ii) The value of
∫ 2 sin 4
0
x dx is: 1
3π 3π
(A) (B)
8 16
3π 3π
(C) (D)
2 32
2
 d2 y 
d3 y 2 d2 y
(iii) The degree of the differential equation + 5   = x log is: 1
dx 3  dx 2  dx 2
 
(A) 1 (B) 2
(C) 3 (D) not defined
dx
(iv) ∫ e x + e −x is equal to: 1
(A) tan–1 (ex) + C (B) tan–1 (e–x) + C

(C) log (ex – e–x) + C (D) log (ex + e–x) + C
1
(v) If P(A) = , P(B) = 0, then P(A/B) is: 1
2
1
(A) 0 (B)
2
(C) not defined (D) 1
(vi) A couple has two children. Find the probability that both are boys, if it is known that the older child
is a boy.
1
(A) (B) 1
2
3 1
(C) (D)
2 3
 π
3 cos 2 x , 0 ≤ x ≤ 2
2. Evaluate: ∫0 f ( x ) dx ; where f ( x ) = 
π 2
 3, <x≤3
 2
OR
x
Evaluate: ∫ dx .
( x + 1)2
3. Find the differential equation of the family of lines passing through the origin. 2
OR
Solve the differential equation:
dy
( x + 1) − y = e 3 x ( x + 1)2
dx
x
4. Evaluate: ∫12 dx . 2
3−x + x
5. A candidate is selected for interview of management trainees in 3 companies. For the first company,
there are 12 candidates, for the second there are 15 candidates and for the third, there are 10 candidates.
Find the probability that he is selected by at least one of the companies. 4
OR
A bag contains 8 red and 5 white balls. Two successive draws of 3 balls are made at random from the
bag without replacements. Find the probability that the first draw yields 3 white balls and the second
draw 3 red balls.
dx
5x − 4 x 2
7. In a bolt factory, three machines A, B and C manufacture 25%, 35% and 40% of the total production
respectively. Of their respective outputs, 5%, 4% and 2% are defective. A bolt is drawn at random from
the total production and it is found to be defective. Find the probability that it was manufactured by
machine C. 6
sin −1 x − cos−1 x
8. Evaluate: ∫ dx , x ∈ [0 , 1]. 6
sin −1 x + cos−1 x
OR
π x tan x
Evaluate: ∫0 dx .
sec x cosec x

(i) If a line makes angles 90°, 60° and q with x, y and z-axis respectively, where q is acute, then q is:
(A) 45° (B) 30°
(C) 60° (D) 0°
(ii) The distance (in units) between the two planes 3x + 5y + 7z = 3 and 9x + 15y + 21z = 9 is:
(A) 0 (B) 3
6
(C) (D) 6
83
→ ^ ^ ^
10. Find the equation of the plane through the intersection of planes r .( i + 3 j − k ) = 9 and
→ ^ ^ ^
r . ( 2 i − j + k ) = 3 and passing through the origin. 2
11. Find the area of the region bounded by the curves y = x3, x-axis and the line x = 4. 4

(i) The intersection points of two regression lines is always gives ……..
(A) mean (B) median
(C) mode (D) none of these
(ii) If the regression equation of x on y is given by mx – y + 10 = 0 and the equation of y on x is given
1
by –2x + 5y = 14, determine the value of m if the coefficient of correlation between x and y is .
10
(A) 1 (B) 2
(C) 3 (D) 4
1
13. If the regression coefficients for the variable x and y are byx = 1 and bxy = , then find the angle
2
between the regression lines. 2
14. Two tailors P and Q earn ` 150 and ` 200 per day respectively. P can stitch 6 shirts and 4 trousers a day,
while Q can stitch 10 shirts and 4 trousers per day. How many days should each work to produce at
least 60 shirts and 32 trousers at minimum labour cost ? 4
nnn
ISC
SOLVED

answer.
1. Choose the correct option for the following questions:

dx
(i) The value of I = ∫ x2 + 4x − 5 is: 1
1 x+1 1 x −1
(A) log +c (B) log +c
6 x+5 6 x+5
1 x −1 1 x −1
(C) log +c (D) log +c
6 x−5 6 x+8
p dx π
(ii) If ∫0 1 + 4 x 2 =
8
, then p =
1
1 1
(A) (B)
3 4
1 1
(C) (D)
2 5
(iii) Family y = Ax + A3 of curves is represented by the differential equation of degree: 1
(A) 1 (B) 2
(C) 3 (D) 4
 (E ∪ F ) 
(iv) A die is rolled. If E = {1, 3, 5}, F = {2, 3} and G{2, 3, 4, 5}, then P   is: 1
 G 
3 1
(A) (B)
4 6
1 2
(C) (D)
4 3
4 7
(v) If P(A) = and P(A Ç B) = , then the value of P(B/A) is: 1
5 10
1 4
(A) (B)
8 7
5 7
(C) (D)
7 8
(vi) A die is rolled. If E = {1, 3, 5}, F = {2, 3} and G = {2, 3, 4, 5}, then P [(EUF)/G] is: 1
3 1
(A) (B)
4 6
1 2
(C) (D)
4 3
1 1
∫ x 2 sin
2
2. Evaluate:  x  dx . 2
 
OR
1
(x 4
−x ) 4
Find: ∫ x 5 dx.
3. Solve the differential equation: ( x + 1) dy − 2 xy dx = 0. 2

OR
x
Solve the differential equation: x cos y dy = e ( x log x + 1) dx.
x2
x2 − 4
5. A speaks truth in 60% of the cases, while B in 40% of the cases. In what percent of cases are they likely
to contradict each other in stating the same fact ? 4
OR
A man is known to speak the truth 3 out of 5 times. He throws a die and reports that it is 1. Find the
probability that it is actually 1.
sin φ
6. Evaluate the following indefinite integral: ∫ dφ . 4
2
sin φ + 2 cos φ + 3
7. A factory has three machines A, B and C producing 1500, 2500 and 3000 bulbs per day, respectively.
Machine A produces 1.5% defective bulbs, machine B produces 2% defective bulbs and machine C
produces 2.5% defective bulbs. At the end of the day, a bulb is drawn at random and is found to be
defective. What is the probability that the defective bulb has been produced by machine B? 6
sin 2 x dx
(2 sin 2 x + 3 cos2 x ) (3 sin 2 x − 2 cos2 x )
OR
π
Evaluate: ∫ π2 cos 2 x log(sin x )dx .
4

(i) The planes: 2x – y + 4z = 5 and 5x – 2.5y + 10z = 6 are:
(A) Perpendicular (B) Parallel
 5
(C) Intersect y-axis (D) Passes through  0 , 0 , 
 4
x −1 y−2 z+3
(ii) The angle between the line = = and the plane x + y + 4 = 0 is:
2 1 −2
(A) 0° (B) 30°
(C) 45° (D) 90°
10. Find the equation of the plane passing through the point (2, –3, 1) and perpendicular to the line joining
the points (4, 5, 0) and (1, –2, 4). 2
11. Find the area of the region enclosed by the parabola y2 = 4ax and the chord y = mx. 4

(i) The slope of the line of regression of y on x is called the_______.
(A) regression coefficient of x on y. (B) correlation coefficient between y and x
(C) covariance between y and x (D) regression coefficient of y on x.
(ii) If the correlation coefficient is a positive value then the slope of the regression line.
(A) must also be positive (B) can be either negative or positive
(C) can be zero (D) cannot be zero
13. If the regression equation of x on y is given by mx – y + 10 = 0 and the equation of y on x is given by
1
– 2x + 5y = 14, determine the value of ‘m’ if the coefficient of correlation between x and y is . 2
5
14. A manufacturer manufactures two types of tea-cups, A and B. Three machines are needed for
manufacturing the tea cups. The time in minutes required for manufacturing each cup on the machines
is given below:
Times in minutes
Type of Cup
Machine I Machine II Machine III
A 12 18 6
B 6 0 9
Each machine is available for a maximum of six hours per day. If the profit on each cup of type A is
` 1.50 and that on each cup of type B is ` 1.00, find the number of cups of each type that should be
manufacturing in a day to get maximum profit. 4
nnn
ISC
UnSOLVED
Self Assessment Paper 1

answer.

dx
(i) ∫ is equal to: 1
9 − 25x 2
−1  5 x  1  5x 
(A) sin   + C (B) sin −1   + C
 3  5  3 
1  3 + 5x  1  3 + 5x 
(C) log  +C (D) log  +C
6  3 − 5x  30  3 − 5x 
π
sin 2 x
(ii) The value of ∫ 4
0 sin x + cos4 x
4
dx is: 1
π 3π
(A) (B)
2 2
3π π
(C) (D)
4 4
(iii) The differential equation whose solution is Ax2 + By2 = 1, where A and B are arbitrary constant is
of 1
(A) First order and second degree (B) First order and first degree.
(C) Second order and first degree (D) Second order and second degree.
∫ ( sin )
4
(iv) The value of x − cos4 x dx is: 1
− cos 2 x cos 2 x
(A) +c (B) +c
2 2
− sin 2 x sin 2 x
(C) +c (D) +c
2 2
(v) Let A and B be two independent events of a sample space S of an experiment, then 1
P(A /B) = _____.
(A) P( A / B) (B) P(A) . P(B)
(C) P(B) . P(A) (D) 1 – P(A/B)
5
(vi) If A and B are two events such that P(A/B) = p, P(A)= p , P(B) = 1/3 and P(A∪B) = , then p is: 1
9
1 1
(A) (B)
2 3
4 5
(C) (D)
7 17
1
x+ x
OR
2
2y
Evaluate: ∫ dy .
y2 + 4
3. Find the differential equation of the family of concentric circles x2 + y2 = a2. 2

OR
A
Find the differential equation representing the family of curves V = + B, where A and B are arbitrary
r
constants.
e2 dx
4. Evaluate: ∫e x log x
. 2
5, 4 3
5. Three persons A, B and C shoot to hit a target. Their probabilities of hitting the target are and
6 5 4
respectively. Find the probability that: 4
(i) Exactly two persons hit the target.
(ii) At least one person hits the target.
OR
1 1 1
A problem is given to three students whose chances of solving it are , and respectively. Find the
4 5 3
probability that the problem is solved.
cosec x
  x 
log tan   
  2 
7. In an automobile factory, certain parts are to be fixed into the chassis in a section before it moves into
another section. On a given day, one of three people A, B and C carries out this task. A has 45% chance,
B has 35% chance and C has 20% chance of doing the task. The probability that A, B and C will take more
1 1 1
than the allotted time is , and respectively. If it is found that the time taken is more than the
6 10 20
allotted time, what is the probability that A has done the task? 6
−1
8. Evaluate: ∫ tan x dx
6
OR
π π 
Evaluate: ∫0 e 2 x sin  + x  dx .
 4 

π 3π
(i) A line makes angles , with x-axis and y-axis respectively. Then, the angle which it makes with
4 4
the z-axis is:
π
(A) 0 (B)
2
π π
(C) (D)
3 6
(ii) If a line has direction ratios –18, 12, –4, then its direction cosines are:
9 6 −2 −9 6 −2
(A) , , (B) , ,
11 11 11 11 11 11
−9 6 2 −7 6 −3
(C) , , (D) , ,
11 11 11 11 11 11
10. Find the equation of the plane passing through (1, 2, 3) and perpendicular to the straight line
x y z
= = . 2
−2 −4 3
11. Find the area of the region bounded by the curves y = x2 + 2, y = x, x = 0 and x = 3. 4
12. Choose the correct option for the following questions. 2

(i) The slope of the regression line of Y on X is also called the:
(A) Correlation coefficient of X on Y (B) Correlation coefficient of Y on X
(C) Regression coefficient of X on Y (D) Regression coefficient of Y on X
(ii) If there is a very strong correlation between two variables then the correlation coefficient must be
(A) any value larger than 1.
(B) much smaller than zero, if the correlation is negative.
(C) much larger than zero regardless of the the other the correlation is negative or positive.
(D) None of these alternatives is correct.
13. Find the coefficient of correlation from the regression lines: 2
x – 2y + 3 = 0 and 4x – 5y + 1 = 0.
14. A mill owner buys two types of machines A and B for his mill. Machines A occupies 1,000 sq.m of area
and requires 12 men to operate it; while machine B occupies 1,200 sq.m of area and requires 8 men to
operate it. The owner has 7,600 sq.m of area available and 72 men to operate the machines. If machine A
produces 50 units and machine B produces 40 units daily, how many machines of each type should he
buy to maximize the daily output ? Use Linear Programming to find the solution. 4
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answer.

x −1
(i) The value of I = ∫ ( x − 3) ( x − 2) dx is:
(A) log |x – 3| – log |x – 2| (B) 2 log |x – 3| – log |x – 2| + c

(C) log |x – 3| + log |x – 2| (D) 2 log |x – 3| +| log |x – 2| + c
e 2
dx
(ii) The value of ∫ 1 x ( 1 + log x )2 is: 1
1 1
(A) (B)
2 3
3 2
(C) (D)
2 3
3
 d2 y 
5  2 
 d2 y  3
 dx  + d y 2
(iii) If m and n are the order and degree of the differential equation  2  + 4 3 = x – 1.
 dx   3 
d y dx
 3 
 dx 
Then m + 2n =............... 1
(A) 5 (B) 6
(C) 7 (D) 8
1 − cos x
(iv) Let I = ∫ 1 + cos x dx , then I = 1
x x
(A) 2 tan   + x + c (B) 2 tan   − x + c
2 2
x x
(C) tan   + x + c (D) tan   − x + c
2 2
5 3
(v) Let A and B be two events such that P(A) = and P(B) = , Find P(A and B), if A and B are
8 5
independent events. 1
3 1
(A) (B)
8 5
49 5
(C) (D)
40 21
(vi) Two urns contains 2 red, 4 white and 3 red, 7 white balls. One of the urns is chosen at random and
a ball is drawn from it. Find the probability that the ball is red. 1
19 1
(A) (B)
60 2
1 1
(C) (D)
3 15
2. Evaluate: ∫ sin 3 x cos4 x dx . 2
OR
x
Evaluate: ∫ e (tan x + log sec x ) dx .
3. Write the differential equation obtained by eliminating the arbitrary constant C in the equation
representing the family of curves xy = C cos x. 2
OR
tan y dx + sec 2 y tan x dy = 0

5
4. Evaluate: ∫4 x − 5 dx . 2
5. A card is drawn from a well shuffled pack of playing cards. What is the probability that it is either a
spade or an ace or both? 4
OR
1
Two horses are considered for a race. The probability of selection of the first horse is and that of the
4
1
second is . What is the probability that:
3
(i) both of them will be selected.
(ii) only one of them will be selected.
(iii) none of them will be selected.
6. Evaluate: ∫ e −2 x sin x dx. 4
7. Box I contains two white and three black balls, box II contains four white and one black balls and box
III contains three white and four black balls. A dice having three red, two yellow and one green face, is
thrown to select the box. If red face turns up, we pick up box I, if a yellow face turns up we pick up box
II, otherwise, we pick up box III. Then, we draw a ball from the selected box. If the ball drawn is white,
what is the probability that the dice had turned up with a red face? 6
8. Evaluate: ∫ e ax cos( bx + c ) dx. 6
OR
π 2
Evaluate: ∫− π (cos ax − sin bx ) dx .
9. Choose the correct option for the following question: 2

2x − 1 y+2 z−3
(i) The cartesian equation of a line AB is = = .
3 2 3
The direction cosines of a line parallel to AB are:
3 2 3 3 4 9
(A) , , (B) , ,
55 55 55 55 55 55
3 2 3 3 4 6
(C) , , (D) , ,
4 4 4 55 55 55
(ii) The x-coordinate of a point on the line joining the points P (2, 2, 1) and Q (5, 1, –2) is 4. Then, its
z-coordinate is:
(A) –1 (B) 1
(C) 0 (D) 4
10. Find the vector equation of the plane with intercepts 3, – 4 and 2 on x, y and z-axis respectively. 2
2
11. Draw a rough sketch of the curve and find the area of the region bounded by curve y = 8x and the line
x = 2. 4
12. Choose the correct option for the following question: 2

(i) The straight line graph of the linear equation Y = a + bX, slope will be upward if:
(A) b = 0 (B) b < 0
(C) b > 0 (D) b ≠ 0
(ii) We can estimate the value of one variable with the help of other known variable only if they are:
(A) correlated (B) Positively correlated
(C) negatively correleted (D) uncorreleted
13. Find the line of regression of y on x from the following table: 2
x 1 2 3 4 5
y 7 6 5 4 3
Hence, estimate the value of y when x = 6.
14. A company produces two types of items, P and Q. Manufacturing of both items requires the metals
gold and copper. Each unit of item P requires 3 gms of gold and 1 gm of copper while that of item Q
requires 1 gm of gold and 2 gm of copper. The company has 9 gm of gold and 8 gm of copper in its store.
If each unit of item P makes a profit of ` 50 and each unit of item Q makes a profit of ` 60, determine
the number of units of each item that the company should produce to maximize profit. What is the
maximum profit ? 4
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tan x
(i) The value of ∫ sin x cos x dx is: 1
(A) 2 sec x + c (B) 2 tan x + c
2 2
(C) +c (D) +c
tan x sec x
4 dx
(ii) The value of ∫0 2
is: 1
x + 2x + 3
1+ 3 5+3 3
(A) log (B) log
5+3 3 1+ 3
1+ 3 5+ 3
(C) log (D) log
5+ 3 1+ 3
3
  dy 2  2 d 2 y
(iii) The degree of the differential equation 1 +    = 2 is : 1
  dx   dx

3
(A) 4 (B)
2
(C) not defined (D) 2
(iv) If an anti derivative of f(x) is ex and that of g(x) is cos x, then ∫ f ( x ) cos x dx + ∫ g ( x ) e dx = ?
x
1

(A) f(x) g(x) + c (B) f(x) + g(x) + c
(C) ex cos x + c (D) f(x) – g(x) + c
(v) If A and B are any two events such that P(A) + P(B) – P(A and B) = P(A), then 1
(A) P(B/A) = 1 (B) P(A/B) = 1
(C) P(B/A) = 0 (D) P(B/A) = 0
(vi) Suppose that 5 men out of 100 and 25 women out of 1000 are good orator.
Assuming that there are equal number of men and women, find the probability of choosing an
orator. 1
15 1
(A) (B)
400 400
95 11
(C) (D)
400 400
 1 + sin x 
2. Evaluate: ∫ e x  dx . 2
1 + cos x 
 

OR
3
Evaluate: I = ∫ tan x dx .
3. Solve the differential equation: 2
(xy2+x)dx + (x2y+y) dy = 0
OR
dy
= ex+y + x2 e y
dx
4. Using properties of definite integrals, Evaluate: 2
π/2 sin x − cos x
∫0 dx
1 + sin x cos x
5. Bag A contains 4 white balls and 3 black balls, while Bag B contains 3 white balls and 5 black balls. Two
balls are drawn from Bag A and placed in Bag B. Then, what is the probability of drawing a white ball
from Bag B ? 4
OR
A committee of 4 persons has to be chosen from 8 boys and 6 girls, consisting of at least one girl. Find
the probability that the committee consists of more girls than boys.
6. Evaluate: ∫ 14 x − 20 − 2 x 2 dx. 4
7. Given three identical Boxes A, B and C, Box A contains 2 gold and 1 silver coin, Box B contains 1 gold
and 2 silver coins and Box C contains 3 silver coins. A person chooses a Box at random and takes out a
coin. If the coin drawn is of silver, find the probability that it has been drawn from the Box which has
the remaining two coins also of silver. 6
1 − x
8. Evaluate: ∫ tan −1 dx .
1+ x 6
OR
3
Evaluate: ∫02 x cos πx dx .

(i) Find the equation of the plane passing through (–2, 1, 3) and perpendicular to the line having
direction ratios <3, 1, 5>.
(A) 3x + 5z = 10 (B) y + 5z = 10
(C) 3x + y + 5z = 10 (D) 3x – y – 5z = 10

(ii) Two lines r = a1 + λb1 and r = a2 + λb2 are coplanar if

( )(
(A) a2 − a1 . −b1 × −b2 = 0 ) (
(B) a2 − a1 . b1 × b2 = 0)( )

( )(
(C) a2 − a1 . −b1 × b2 = 0 ) ( )(
(D) a2 − a1 . b1 × − b2 = 0 )
→ ^ ^ ^
10. Find the length of the perpendicular from origin to the plane r .(3 i + 4 j − 12 k ) + 39 = 0. 2
11. Find the area of the region bounded by the curves y2 = 4a2(x – 1) and the lines x = 1 and y = 4a. 4

(i) The purpose of regression is to
(A) maximize the r2.
(B) explain the mean of the independent variable.
(C) explain the variation of the dependent variable.
(D) explain the variation of the independent variable.
(ii) Regression lines either coincide or parallel to each other, if r = ±1, q =
(A) π/2 (B) π
(C) 0 (D) 1/2
13. Two regression lines are represented by 4y + 10y = 9 and 6x + 3y = 4. Find the line of regression of y
on x. 2
14. A new cereal, formed of a mixture of bran and rice, contains at least 88 grams of protein and at least 36
milligram of iron. Knowing that bran contains 80 gram of protein and 40 milligram of iron per kilogram,
and that of rice contains 100 gram of protein and 30 milligrams of iron per kilogram, find the minimum
cost of producing a kilogram of this new cereal if bran costs ` 28 per kilogram and rice costs ` 25 per
kilogram. 4
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(i) ∫ x 3 e x dx = 1
(A) ex (x3 – 3x2 + 6x – 6) + C (B) ex
+ (x3
– 3x2
+ 6x – 6) + C
(C) ex (x3 + 3x2 + 6x + 6) + C x 3 2
(D) e – (x – 3x + 6x – 6) + C
2
1 x
(ii) The value of ∫ 2 dx is: 1
0 x +1
π π
(A) 2 − (B) 2 +
4 4
π π
(C) 1 − (D) 1 +
4 4
1/ 4
d 2 y  dy 
(iii) The order and degree of the differential equation +  + x 1 / 5 = 0 respectively, are: 1
dx 2  dx 
(A) 2 and 4 (B) 2 and 2
(C) 2 and 3 (D) 3 and 3
sec 2 x
(iv) ∫ dx = 1
tan x
(A) tan x (B) sec2 x
(C) log sec2 x (D) log tan x
(v) If A and B are two events such that P(A) ≠ 0 and P(B/A) = 1, then 1
(A) A Ì B (B) B Ì A
(C) B = f (D) A = f
(vi) Aarushi and Aashvi appear in an interview for two vacancies for the same post. The probability
of Aarushi’s selection is 3/5 and that of Aashvi’s selection is 1/5. Find the probability that both are
selected? 1
1 3
(A) (B)
5 5
4 3
(C) (D)
25 25
2. Evaluate: ∫ (cot x − cos ec 2 x )e x dx . 2
OR
1
Find: ∫ x ( 1 + log x ) dx .
3. Solve the differential equation:
dy x + y
−e = ex−y 2
dx
OR
x( x 2 − x 2 y 2 ) dy + y( y 2 + x 2 y 2 ) dx = 0

9
4. Evaluate: ∫0 f ( x )dx , where f(x) is defined by
 π
sin x ; 0 ≤ x ≤ 2
 π
f ( x ) =  1, <x≤5 2
 x −5 2
e ; 5 < x ≤ 9


5. An urn contains 10 white and 3 black balls while another urn contains 3 white and 5 black balls. Two
balls are drawn from the first urn and put into the second urn and then a ball is drawn from the second
urn. Find the probability that the ball drawn from the second urn is a white ball. 4
OR
An urn contains 2 white and 2 black balls. A ball is drawn at random. If it is white, it is not replaced into
the urn. Otherwise, it is replaced with another ball of the same colour. The process is repeated. Find the
probability that the third ball drawn is black.
dx
x ( x 5 + 3)

7. An insurance company insured 1500 scooter drivers, 2500 car drivers and 4500 truck drivers. The
probability of a scooter, a car and a truck meeting with an accident is 0.01, 0.02 and 0.04 respectively. If
one of the insured persons meets with an accident, find the probability that he is a scooter driver. 6
8. Evaluate: ∫ ( 5x − 1) 6 + 5x − 2 x 2 dx. 6
OR
π x
Evaluate: ∫0 dx .
a cos x + b 2 sin 2 x
2 2

(i) The equation of a plane parallel to x – 2y + 2z = 3, which is at a unit distance from point (3, –2, 1)
is:
(A) x – 2y + 2z = 0 (B) x – 2y + 2z = 6
(C) x – 2y + 2z = 12 (D) Both (B) and (C)
(ii) The equation of the perpendicular from the point (3, –2, 1) to the plane x – 2y + 2z = 3 is:
x −3 y−2 z−1 x −3 y+2 z−1
(A) = = (B) = =
1 −2 2 1 −2 2
x +3 y+2 z−1
(C) = = (D) none of these
1 −2 2
10. Write the distance between the parallel planes 2x – y + 3z = 4 and 2x – y + 3z = 18. 2
11. Find the area of the region bounded by y = –1, y = 2, x = y3 and x = 0. 4

(i) If ∑xy = 24525, ∑x = 305, ∑y = 402, ∑x2 = 18615, then the regression coefficient byx is:
(A) 0.3 (B) 0.2
(C) 0.19 (D) 0.11
(ii) |byx + bxy| > ______ .
(A) |r| (B) 2|r|
(C) r (D) –r
13. The two lines of regressions are 4x + 2y – 3 = 0 and 3x + 6y + 5 = 0. Find the correlation coefficient
between x and y. 2
14. Manufacturer produces two types of steel trunks. He has two machines, A and B. The first type of
trunk requires 3 hours on machine A and 3 hours on machine B. The second type requires 3 hours on
machine A and 2 hours on machine B. Machines A and B can work at most for 18 hours and 15 hours
per day respectively. He earns a profit of ` 30 per trunk on the first type of trunk and ` 25 per trunk on
the second type. Formulate a Linear Programming Problem to find out how many trunks of each type
he must make each day to maximize his profit. 4
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(i) ∫ log x dx = 1
(A) x log x + c (B) – x log x + 1 – c
(C) log x – 1 + c (D) x (log x – 1) + c
π
(ii) ∫ 2
−π
sin 7 x dx =1
2
(A) –1 (B) 0
(C) 1 (D) 2
(iii) Which of the following is a second-order differential equation? 1
2 2
(A) ( y ′) + x =y (B) y ′y ′′ + y =sin x
(C) y ′′′ + ( y ′′)2 + y =0 (D) y ′ = y 2
ex
(iv) ∫ e x + 1 dx = 1
(A) ex + 1 (B) ex
(C) –ex (D) log. |ex + 1| + c
(v) If P(A/B) > P(A), then which of the following is correct: 1

(A) P(B/A) < P(B) (B) P(A∩B) < P(A).P(B)
(C) P(B/A) > P(B) (D) P(B/A) = P(B)
1 1
(vi) A problem of Statistics is given to two students whose chances of solving it are and . What is
3 5
the probability that the problem is solved? 1
5 6
(A) (B)
17 17
7 8
(C) (D)
15 15
2
2. Find ∫ xe(1+ x ) dx . 2
OR
Evaluate: ∫ cos −1
( sin x ) dx .
3. Find the order and degree (if defined) of the differential equation:
2
d2 y  dy  2
 d2 y 
+ x   = 2 x log  2  2
dx 2  dx   dx 
OR
dy x+y+2
Solve the differential equation: = .
dx 2( x + y ) − 1
2 x
4. Evaluate: ∫−1 x dx. 2
5. Bag A contains 1 white, 2 blue and 3 red balls. Bag B contains 3 white, 3 blue and 2 red balls. Bag C
contains 2 white, 3 blue and 4 red balls. One bag is selected at random and then two balls are drawn
from the selected bag. Find the probability that the balls drawn are white and red. 4
OR
A bag contains 5 white and 4 black balls and another bag contains 7 white and 9 black balls. A ball is
drawn from the first bag and two balls drawn from the second bag. What is the probability of drawing
one white and two black balls ?
x2 + 1
6. Evaluate: ∫ dx. 4
( x 2 + 4 )( x 2 + 25)

7. An insurance company insured 4000 doctors, 8000 teachers and 12000 engineers. The probabilities of a
doctor, a teacher and an engineer dying before the age of 58 years are 0.01, 0.03 and 0.05 respectively. If
one of the insured person dies before the age of 58 years, find the probability that he is a doctor. 6
8. Evaluate: ∫ ( x + 3) 3 − 4 x − x 2 dx. 6
OR
π 2
sin x 1
Show that: ∫ 2 dx = log ( 2 + 1 ) .
0 sin x + cos x 2

(i) The length of the perpendicular from the point (3, –2, 1) to the plane x – 2y + 2z = 3 is:
2
(A) units (B) 3 units
3
(C) 2 units (D) none of these
(ii) The direction ratios of the perpendicular from the point (3, –2, 1) to the plane x – 2y + 2z = 3 are:
(A) (1, 2, 2) (B) (1, –2, 2)
(C) (2, 1, 2) (D) (2, –1, 2)
10. Find the image of the point (3, –2, 1) in the plane 3x – y + 4z = 2. 2
11. Sketch the graphs of the curves y2 = x and y2 = 4 – 3x and find the area enclosed between them. 4

(i) To test linear relationship of y (dependent) and x (independent) continuous variables, which of the
following plot best suited?
(A) Scatter plot (B) Barchart
(C) Histograms (D) All of the above
(ii) Which of the following option is true regarding regression and correlation? Note Y is dependent
variable and X is independent variable.
(A) the relationship is symmetric between X and Y in both.
(B) the relationship is not symmetric between X and Y in both.
(C) the relationship is not symmetric between X and Y in case of correlation but in case of relation
it is symmetry.
(D) the relationship is symmetric between X and Y in case of correlation but in case of regression
it is not symmetry.
13. For the given lines of regression, 3x – 2y = 5 and x – 4y = 7, find
(i) regression coefficients byx and bxy.
(ii) coefficient of correlation r(x, y). 2
14. A dietician wishes to mix two kinds of food X and Y in such a way that the mixture contains atleast 10
units of vitamin A, 12 units B and 8 units of vitamin C. The vitamin contents of one kg food is given
below:
Food Vitamin A Vitamin B Vitamin C
X 1 units 2 units 3 units
Y 2 units 2 units 1 units
One kg of food X costs ` 24 and one kg of food Y costs ` 36. Using Linear Programming, find the least
cost of the total mixture which will contain the required vitamins. 4
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Section - A =
1
∫ ( sin 10 x + sin 4 x ) dx
2
2
1. (i) Option (C) is correct. 1  − cos 10 x − cos 4 x 

= + +c
2  10 4 
Explanation: Here I = ∫ sin 2 x dx

−1  cos 10 x cos 4 x 
∴ 1 − cos 2 x = 2 sin 2 x  = + + c.
  4  5 2 
1 − cos 2 x 1 sin 2 x (v) Option (B) is correct.
= ∫ dx =  x −  + cExplanation:
2 2 2 
P(A Ç B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A È B)
1 − cos 2 x 1 sin 2 x  = 0.2 + 0.4 – 0.5
∫ dx =  x −  + c.
2 2  2  = 0.1
(ii) Option (D) is correct. P( A ∩ B) 0.1 1
P(A/B) = = =
Explanation: P( B ) 0.4 4
3 dx 3 = 0.25.
I =∫ =  tan −1 x 
1 1+x 2 1 (vi) Option (C) is correct.
Explanation:
= tan −1 3 − tan −1 1 2
C1 × 4 C1
π π π Required probability = 6
= − = . C2
3 4 12
2×4 16 8
(iii) Option (D) is correct. = = = .
6×5 30 15
Explanation: The degree of above differential 2
equation is not defined because when we
dy x 3 + 5x 2 + 4 x + 1
expand sin we get an infinite series in the 2. Let I= ∫ dx
dx x2
dy  4 1 
increasing powers of . Therefore its degree = ∫  x + 5 + +  dx
dx x  x2 
1 1
is not defined. = ∫ x dx + 5 ∫ 1dx + 4 ∫ dx + ∫ 2 dx
x x
(iv) Option (D) is correct.
x2  −1 
Explanation: = + 5x + 4 log| x | +   + C
2  x 
I = ∫ sin 7 x. cos 3x dx
x2 1
= + 5 x + 4 log| x | − + C .
1 2 x
= ∫ 2 sin 7 x. cos 3x dx
2 [ISC Marking Scheme, 2018]
Examiner's Comment Answering Tip

 This question was attempted correctly by most  Do adequate practice of various types of
of the candidates, some of the candidates made differential equations.
errors in simplifying the expression before
OR
integration.
 dy 
Given, log   = 2 x − 3 y
Answering Tip  dx 
Do practice to simplify different types of dy

⇒ = e 2 x −3 y
algebraic expressions in the form of required dx
simplest form for integration. dy e 2 x
⇒ =
OR dx e 3 y
1 e 3 y dy = e 2 x dx
Given, ∫ 2
dx ⇒
x cos (1 + log x )
Integrating both sides, we get
Let 1 + log x = t ∫e
3y
dy = ∫ e 2 x dx

On differentiating, we get e3y e2x
1 ⇒ = +C
dx = dt 3 2
x is the required solution.
1 dt 2
∴ ∫
dx = ∫ 4. ∫0 4 − x 2 dx
x cos2 (1 + log x ) cos2 t
2
= ∫0 2 2 − x 2 dx
= ∫ sec t dt 2
2
x 4  x 
= tan t + C = 4 − x 2 + sin −1   
= tan (1 + log x) + C. 2 2  2 0
−1 −1
dy = [0 + 2 sin (1)] − [0 + 2 sin 0]
3. = 1 – xy + y – x
dx π
= 2 × − (0 + 2 × 0) = π .
dy 2
= (1 + y) – x(1 + y)
dx 5. Number of White balls = 5
= (1 + y)(1 – x) Red balls = 7
Black balls = 4
dy Total balls = 5 + 7 + 4 = 16
Þ = (1 – x)dx
1+ y Probability of the ball is not White
11
Integrating on both the sides, =
16
dy
∫ 1 + y = ∫ (1 − x )dx Probability of the ball is not White when 4 balls
are drawn one by one with replacement

4
x2  11 
If|1 + y| = x − +C . =  
2  16 
14641
[ISC Marking Scheme, 2017] =
65536
Examiner's Comment = 0.2234
 Many candidates could not separate the [ISC Marking Scheme, 2020]
variables to solve the differential equation. OR
Some candidates attempted it by linear A and B throw two dice each.
equation method but made errors in calculating Sample space for two dice, n(S) = 36
integrating factor and further. In most of the Let A getting sum 9 on throwing a pair of dice,
cases, solution had been written without a A = {(3, 6), (6, 3), (4, 5), (5, 4)}
constant 'C'. 4 1
P( A ) = =
36 9
Solutions 65
B getting sum of more than 9 on throwing a pair  5  1 

of dice  6  6 
B = {(4, 6), (6, 4), (5, 5), (6, 5), (5, 6), (6, 6)} qp   
= = 3
6 1 1 − q3 5
P( B ) = = 1− 
36 6 6
Required probability (when A gets sum 9 and B 5 63
gets the sum higher than 9) P(B) = ×
1 1 1 62 91
= P( A )P( B) = × = . (independent events)
9 6 54 30
=
x 91
6. Let I=∫ dx Probability of C winning = 1 – [P(A) + P(B)]
a − x3
3
( x )1 / 2  36 30 
⇒ I=∫ dx = 1 –  + 
 91 91 
(a ) − (x )
2 2
3/2 3/2

66
= 1 –
Put x3 / 2 = t 91
3 25
∴
x dx = dt P(C) = .
2 91
2
⇒ x dx = dt 3x + 5 3x + 5
3 8. ∫ 3 2
x −x −x +1
dx = ∫ ( x − 1)2 ( x + 1) dx
2 dt
∴ I= ∫ 3x + 5 A B C
( )
3 a3 / 2 2 − t 2 \
2
( x − 1) ( x + 1)
= + +
x + 1 x − 1 ( x − 1)2
3/2
Þ I=
2
×
1 a +t
log 3 / 2 +C \ 3x + 5 = A(x – 1)2 + B(x + 1)(x – 1)
3 2 a3 / 2 a −t + C(x + 1)
when, x=1
1 a3 / 2 + x 3 / 2 3.1 + 5 = 2C
Þ I= log +C .
3a3 / 2 a3 / 2 − x 3 / 2 \ C=4
when, x = –1
1 3(–1) + 5 = A(–2)2
7. Probability of winning (p) =
6 Þ A = 1/2
5 3x + 5 = A(x2 – 2x + 1) + Bx2 – B
Probability of losing (q) = + Cx + C
6
= x2(A + B) + x(C – 2A)
A can win on 1st, 4th, 7th, ....... trials
+ (A – B + C)
∴ P (A wins) = p + qqqp + qqqqqqp + ....
= p + q3p + q6p + .... \ A+B=0
1
 a  B=–
 in G.P. s∞ = 1 − r  2
 
3x + 5
1 \ ∫ dx
p 6 ( x − 1)2 ( x + 1)
= =
1 − q3 5
3
1 dx 1 dx dx
2 ∫ x +1 2∫ x −1
1−  = − + 4∫
6 ( x − 1)2
1 1 1 4
= ln| x + 1| − ln| x − 1| − +C
6 2 2 x −1
= 3 × 63
6 − 53 1 x+1 4
= ln − +C.
62 36 x −1 x −1
= 3 3 = 2
6 −5 216 − 125 OR
36 π/2
=
91
Let I= ∫0 ( tan x + cot x )dx

B can win on 2nd, 5th, 8th, .... trials. π/2  sin x cos x 

∴ P(B wins) = qp + qqqqp + qqqqqqqp +.... = ∫0  +  dx
sin x 
= qp + q4p + q7p + ....  cos x
π/2 sin x + cos x | 4 + 9 − 30 | 17

= ∫0 cos x sin x
dx =
7 38
=
7 38
17
Now divide and multiply with 2 in Nr and Dr \
sin q =
π / 2 sin x + cos x
7 38
= 2 ∫0 dx
 17  .
2 cos x sin x q = sin −1  
 7 38 
π/2 sin x + cos x
= 2∫ dx
0
1 − (sin x − cos x )2 11. Given, y = x2 2

y=x
and y = 2x – x2
Let sin x – cos x = t
⇒ (cos x + sin x) dx = dt \ x2 = 2x – x2
2
p ⇒ 2x – 2x = 0
When x = 0, t = – 1 and x = , t=1
2 ⇒ 2x(x – 1) = 0
1 1 ⇒ x = 0 or x = 1
\
I = 2∫ dt y=2x–x2
−1 When x = 0, y = 0
1 − t2
1 When x = 1, y = 1
= 2 sin −1 t  \ Points of intersection of the two given curves
−1
−1 are (0, 0) and (1, 1)
= 2 [ 2 sin (1)]
y = 2x – x2
π ⇒ y – 1 = – (x – 1)2 represents a parabola with
= 2 2 ×
2 vertex (1, 1)
= 2p . Required Area = shaded area (ORPSO)
= Area of (ORPQO)
Section - B – Area of (OSPQO)
1 1
= ( 2 x − x 2 )dx − ∫0 x 2 dx
9. (i) Option (B) is correct. ∫0
Explanation: The equation of line through
1
= ( 2 x − x 2 − x 2 )dx
(a, b, g) and parallel to z-axis is ∫0
x −α y−β z−γ = ( 2 x − 2 x 2 )dx
1
0
=
0
=
1 ∫0
1
(ii) Option (D) is correct.  x2 x3 
Explanation: The foot of perpendicular of = 2 − 
 2 3 
P(a, b, g) on y-axis is Q (0, b, 0).  0
\ The required distance is 1 1 1
= 2  −  = 2 
PQ = ( α − 0 ) + ( β − β ) + ( γ − 0 ) =
2 2 2 2 2
α +γ 2 3 6

1
+ (β − β ) + ( γ − 0 ) =
2 2
α2 + γ 2 = sq units.
3
x +1 y z−3
10. Equation of line is = =
2 3 6 Section - C
and plane is 2x + 3y – 5z = 4
→
Here, b = 2i + 3 j + 6 k 12. (i) Option (C) is correct.
→ Explanation: Let the line of regression of y on x

and n = 2i + 3 j − 5k is
→ →
| b . n| x – 2y + 3 = 0
\
sin q = → → ⇒ 2y = x + 3
| b || n |
x 3
⇒ y= +
|( 2 i + 3 j + 6 k ).( 2 i + 3 j − 5k )| 2 2
=
2 2 + 32 + 6 2 2 2 + 3 2 + ( −5)2 1
\ byx = ...(i)
|( 2 )( 2 ) + ( 3)( 3) + ( 6 )( −5)| 2
=
49 38 Let the line of regression of x on y is
Solutions 67
⇒ 4x – 5y + 1 = 0 Subject to
⇒ 4x = 5y – 1 2x + 5y [ 100
5 1 or 8x + 5y [ 200
⇒ x= y−
4 4 x, y m 0
For equation, 2x + 5y = 100 ...(i)
5 ...(ii)
bxy = x y
4 ⇒ + =1
2 50 20
\ r = byx × bxy
x 0 50
1 5 5
=   ×   = < 1 y 20 0
2 4 8
and 8x + 5y = 200 ...(ii)
Hence, our assumption of regression equation
x y
is correct. + ≤1
25 40
5
\ r2 = = 0.79 x 0 25
8
y 40 0
(ii) Option(A) is correct. Also, point of intersection of eqs. (i) and (ii) is
Explanation: If r = 0, the variables are
obtained by solving simultaneously eq(i) and
uncorrelated, the lines of regression becomes
 50 40 
perpendicular to each other (ii), we get B  , 
 3 3 
13. Given x– = 18, y– = 100, s = 14, s = 20, r = 0.8
x y
We draw the two constrains on the graph paper
σy 20 8
byx = r. = 0.8 × = and indicate the feasible region. The OABC
σx 14 7
represents the set of all feasible solutions.
Regression equation y on x

y − y = byx . ( x − x )

8
y − 100 = ( x − 18 )
7
7y – 700 = 8x – 144
7y = 8x + 556
[ISC Marking Scheme, 2019]
Examiner's Comment
 Several candidates wrote incorrect formula for
byx due to lack of understanding of regression Feasible region is OABC with,
coefficients and their formulae.
Corner Value of Z
Answering Tip (0, 20) 20
 Students are advised to maintain highest level  50 40 
of accuracy while solving problems of this  3 , 3  30 (Max.)
 
topic.
(25, 0) 25
14. Let the young man drives x kms and y kms at 25 50
\ Max distance covered is 30 kms with

km/h and 40 km/h speed respectively, then the 3
LPP is 40
km at 25 km/h and km at 40 km/h speed,
Maximize Distance: 3
Z =x+y respectively.
nnn
ISC

Section - A I =∫
−dt
2
=
−1
∫
dt
3
3 + 4t 4  3 2
2
1. (i) Option (D) is correct.

2  + t
 

Explanation: I = ∫ 1 + sin 2 x dx −1 2 2t
= tan −1 +C
4 3 3
= ∫ ( cos x + sin x )2 dx
−1 2 cos x
= taan −1
+ C.
= ∫ ( cos x + sin x ) dx 2 3 3

= sin x – cos x + c (v) Option (A) is correct.
(ii) Option (A) is correct. Explanation: Let A = Sachin passes the
examination
Explanation: Given that
and B = Rehan passes the examination.
k dx π We have P(A) = 3/7, P( B) = 5/7

∫ 0 8x 2 + 2
=
16 Hence required probability
1 k dx π ( )
= P A ∩ B = P ( A ) .P( B )
2 ∫ 0 ( 2 x )2 + 12
⇒ =
16 3 5 6
= 1− = .
7  7  49
1 k π
⇒ [tan −1 ( 2 x ) = (vi) Option (D) is correct.
2 0 8
Explanation:
π
⇒ tan −1 ( 2 k ) = = tan −1 1 Let A = event that first pass the test
4 3 3
P(A) = =
⇒ 2k = 1 3+7 10
⇒ k = 1/2 Let B = event that second pass the test
(iii) Option (C) is correct. 5 5
P(B) = =
Explanation: 3+5 8
Here, Order = 3 (Highest derivative) Probability(both pass the test) = P(AB)
Degree = 1 (Power of highest derivatives) = P(A) . P(B)
(iv) Option (A) is correct. 3 5 3
= × = .
Explanation: Given, 10 8 16
sin x
I= ∫ dx sec 2 x 1/cos2 x
3 + 4 cos2 x 2. ∫ cosec2 x dx = ∫ 1/sin 2 x dx
Put cos x = t 2 2
Differentiating w.r.t. x, we get = ∫ tan x dx = ∫ (sec x − 1) dx
⇒ sin x dx = – dt [As sec2 x = 1 + tan2 x]
Solutions 69
π 3
= ∫ sec 2 x dx − ∫ 1dx 2
sin 2 x
= tan x – x + C 4. Let, I= ∫ 3 3
dx ...(i)
[ISC Marking Scheme, 2019] 0
sin 2 x + cos 2 x
OR 3
π π 
e2x 2 sin 2  − x 

Given, ∫ dx 2 
2 + ex = ∫ 3 3
dx
0 π  π 
Let ex+2 = t sin 2  − x  + cos 2  − x 
ex = t – 2 2  2 
⇒ x
e dx = dt ∵ a f ( x )dx = a f ( a − x )dx 
 ∫0 ∫0 
t-2
\
∫ t dt = t – 2 log |t| + C π
2
3
cos 2 x
= ex – 2 log |ex + 2| + C I= ∫ 3 3
dx ...(ii)
[Since e2x dx = ex.ex dx 0
cos 2 x + sin 2 x
= ex.ex dx = (t – 2) dt]
Add equations (i) and (ii),
3. y 2 = 4 ax ...(i) π
2 π
d 2 d
dx
y =
dx
( 4 ax ) ⇒
2I = ∫ 1.dx = [ x]02
0
dy π π
2y = 4a ⇒ I= .
dx 2I =
2 4
y dy
= a ...(ii) 5. Let E and F denote the events ‘P speaks the
2 dx truth’ and ‘Q speaks the truth’, respectively.
From (i) and (ii), We have,
y dy 70
y2 = 4 x P( E ) =
2 dx 100

dy
y = 2x . P( E ) = 1 − P( E )
dx

70 30
Examiner's Comment = 1− =
100 100
 Many candidates did not have an idea of 80
formation of differential equation and made and P( F ) =
100
error whole solving it.
P( F ) = 1 − P( F )

Answering Tip
80 20
 Understand the fundamentals on formation = 1− =
100 100
of differential equations and concepts of

So, required probability
identifying the order and degree of the
equation. = P( E)P( F ) + P( E )P( F )
OR  70   80   30   20 
=  +  
Given equation is y = Aex + Be–x, where A and 100   100   100   100 

B are arbitrary constants. 56 6 62
Differentiate it w.r.t. x, we get =+ = = 62%
100 100 100
dy
= Aex– Be–x Hence, they are likely to agree in 62% of the
dx
cases in stating the same fact.
Differentiating again, we get
OR
d2 y x –x Probability (selecting bag A)
2 = Ae + Be
dx = Probability (selecting bag B)
d2 y 1
= y is the required differential equation. =
2 2
dx
1 A

i.e., P( A ) = P( B) = P   = 1 − 0.005 = 0.995
2  E1 
Let W: Drawing a white ball from any bag  A
Required probability P   = 1 − 0.05 = 0.95
 E2 
= Probability of selecting bag A × Probability
 A
of selecting a white ball from bag A P   = 1 − 0.15 = 0.85
E
+ Probability of selecting bag B  3 
× Probability of selecting a white Using Bayes' theorem,
ball from bag B P( E3 ) ⋅ P( A / E3 )
P(E3/A) =
= P(A) × P(W/A) + P(B) × P(W/B) P( E1 ) ⋅ P( A / E1 ) + P( E2 ) ⋅ P( A / E2 )
1 3 1 2 3 1 + P( E3 ) ⋅ P( A / E3 )
= × + × = +
2 5 2 7 10 7 1 85
×
21 + 10 31 = 5 100
= = . 1 995 3 95 1 85
70 70 × + × + ×
5 1000 5 100 5 100
6. Let I = ∫01 x tan −1 xdx 17 17
1 = 100 = 100
 x2  1 1 x2  199 57 17 199 + 570 + 170
I = tan −1 x ⋅  − ∫0  ⋅ dx + +
 2   1 + x 2 2  1000 100 100 1000
0  

17
[Using integration by parts]
17 × 1000 170
1 = 100 = = .
 x2  1 1 x2 + 1 − 1 939 100 × 939 939
=  tan −1 x  − ∫0 dx
 2  0 2 1 + x2 1000

sin 2 x
 1 π  1  1 1 + x2
=  ⋅  −  ∫0
1
dx − ∫0
1
dx 
 8. Let I= ∫ (1 + sin x )( 2 + sin x ) dx
2 2
 2 4  2  1 + x 1+ x 
2 sin x cos x
π 1 1 1 1 1
= − ∫0 1dx + ∫0 dx
= ∫ (1 + sin x ) ( 2 + sin x ) dx
8 2 2 1 + x2
Let sin x = t
1 1
π x 1  ⇒ cos x dx = dt
= −   +  tan −1 x 
8  2 0  2 0 2t
\
I= ∫ (1 + t )( 2 + t ) dt
 1 
∵ ∫ dx = tan −1 x + C  t
 1 + x2  Now, let
(1 + t )( 2 + t )
π 1 1π
= − −0+  −0 A B
8 2 24 = +
(1 + t ) ( 2 + t )

π 1
= − . t = A(2 + t) + B(1 + t)
4 2 t = (A + B)t + (2A + B)
7. Let, E1 : student is above average Comparing coefficient of like terms of t both
E2 : student is average sides, we get
E3 : student is below average A + B = 1 and 2A + B = 0
⇒ A = – 1 and B = 2
A : student is known to have passed
 −1 2 
15 1 45 3 \ I = 2∫  +  dt
P( E1 ) = = , P( E2 ) = = , 1+t 2 +t 
75 5 75 5
 −1 1 
75 − (15 + 45) 1 = 2 ∫ dt + 2 ∫ dt
P( E3 ) = =  1+t 2 + t 
75 5
Solutions 71
= 2[– log |1 + t| (ii) Option (C) is correct.

+ 2 log |2 + t|] + C Explanation: Given:

= – 2 log |1 + sin x| 3 − x y + 4 2z − 6
= =
+ 4 log |2 + sin x|+ C 5 7 4
[ISC Marking Scheme, 2017] x−3 y+4 z−3
= =
OR −5 7 2

2π x cos x So, r = ( 3i − 4 j + 3k ) + λ( −5i + 7 j + 2 k ).
Let
I = ∫0 dx …(i)
1 + cos x
10. Direction ratio of AB
2 π ( 2 π − x )cos( 2 π − x )
I= ∫0 dx 3−2 4−1 5−3
1 + cos( 2 π − x ) = , ,
12 + 3 2 + 2 2 12 + 3 2 + 2 2 12 + 3 2 + 2 2

( Using a
∫0 f ( x )dx =
a
∫0 f ( a − x )dx ) =
1
,
3
,
2
14 14 14
2 π ( 2 π − x )cos x
= ∫0 dx …(ii) Direction ratio of AC
1 + cos x
7−2 16 − 1 13 − 3
Add eqs. (i) and (ii), we get = , ,
2 2 2
2 π ( x + 2 π − x )cos x
5 + 15 + 10 5 + 15 2 + 10 2
2
5 + 15 2 + 10 2
2
2 I = ∫0 dx
1 + cos x 7−2 16 − 1 13 − 3
, ,
2 2 2 2 2 2
2 π 2 π cos x 5 + 15 + 10
5 + 15 + 10 5 + 15 2 + 10 2
2
⇒ 2 I = ∫0 dx
1 + cos x 5 15 10
= , ,
2 π π cos x 5 14 5 14 5 14
⇒ I = ∫0 dx
1 + cos x 1 3 2
= , ,
2π cos x + 1 − 1 14 14 14
⇒ I = π∫0
dx
1 + cos x D.C. of AC = D.C. of AB
2 π  cos x + 1 1  Hence points are collinear.
= π∫0  −  dx
 1 + cos x 1 + cos x  11. Given equation of the curve is
y = x2 – 2x
 2π 2π 1 
= π  ∫0 dx − ∫0 dx  ⇒ y + 1 = x2 – 2x + 1
 1 + cos x  ⇒ y + 1 = (x – 1)2

2π 1
= π[ x]02 π − π∫0 dx
x
2 cos2
2
π 2π 2 x
= π( 2 π − 0 ) − ∫ sec dx
2 0 2
2π
π x
= 2 π2 −  2 tan 
2 2 0

2
= 2 π − π[tan π − tan 0] which represents a parabola with vertex at (1, –1)
I = 2p2 – 0 which opens upward.
I = 2p2. Hence Proved. Shaded region in the given figure represents the
required area.
Section - B \Required area = Area of (ODC)
+ Area of (OAB)
9. (i) Option (B) is correct. 0 1
= ∫−1 ydx + ∫0 ( y )dx

Explanation:
x y z
Þ
+ + =1 [Since Area of (OAB) is below
4 −6 3
the x-axis we take modulus]
\ x-intercept = 4, y-intercept = –6, 0 1
z-intercept = 3 = ∫−1 ( x 2 − 2 x )dx + ∫0 ( x 2 − 2 x )dx

0 1
 x 3 2x 2   x3 2x 2 
\ Required area =  −  +  − 
 3 2 
−1  3 2 
0
 ( −1)   1 
= 0 − + 1 +  − 1 − 0 
3 3
   
4 2
= + = 2 sq. units.
3 3 3x + y ≤ 9
x + 2y ≤ 8
Section - C x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
On solving , we get
12. (i) Option (C) is correct. A (0, 4), B(3, 0), C (2, 3)
Explanation:
At A, Z = 40 × 0 + 50 × 4 = ` 200
Σx Σy 20 × 20 B, Z = 40 × 3 + 50 × 0 = ` 120
Σxy − 76 −
n = 5 C, Z = 40 × 2 + 50 × 3 = ` 230
byx = = − 0.4 ,
( Σ x ) 2 400 Maximum profit is ` 230, when 2 units of type A
2
Σx − 90 − and 3 units of type B are produced.
n 5
[ISC Marking Scheme, 2016]
Σx Σy 20 × 20
Σxy − 76 − Examiner's Comment
bxy = n = 5 = − 0.4
( Σ y ) 2
( 20 )2  In some cases, all the constraints were not
2
Σy − 90 − used and hence coordinates of all feasible
n 5
points were not obtained.
r2 = bxy × byx = (–0.4) × (– 0.4) = 0.16
\ r = ± 0.16 = ± 0.4 Answering Tip
 The optimum function and all possible
As bxy and byx are both negative, r is also
constraints in the form of inequations
negative.
have to be put down from what is stated
Therefore correlation coefficients, r = – 0.4. in the problem. Students should solve the
(ii) Option (C) is correct. constraints equations in pairs to obtain
Explanation: r2 = bxy × byx = (– 0.3) × (–1.2) = 0.36 all feasible points leading to maximum or
As bxy and byx are both negative, r is also minimum value of desired function.
negative.
Therefore correlation coefficients, r = – 0.6. Detailed Answer:
Total items
13. 4x – 2y – 4 = 0
Type of Profit
2x – 3y + 6 = 0 9 gms 8 gms
Product Nickel Chromium per
x y 1 unit
= = (gm) (gm)
−12 − 12 −8 − 24 −12 + 4
x y 1 A 3 1 ` 40
= =
−24 −32 −8 B 1 2 ` 50
−24 Let x = Number of units of type A
x= =3 y = Number of units of type B.
−8
Maximize Z = 40x + 50y
−32
y= =4 Subject to the constraints,
−8
3x + y ≤ 9
∴ x = 3 and y = 4. x + 2y ≤ 8
[ISC Marking Scheme, 2020] and x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
Consider the equation,
14. Let x units of product A and y units of product 3x + y = 9
B. x 0 3 2
Maximize Z = 40x + 50y
y 9 0 3
Subject to constraints
Solutions 73
and x + 2y = 8 Shaded region in the diagram represents the

x 0 8 2 feasible solution.
y 4 0 3 Now, we can determine the maximum value of
Z by evaluating the value of Z at the four points
(vertices) as shown below.
Vertices Z = 40 x + 50y
(0, 0) Z = 40 × 0 + 50 × 0 = ` 0
(3, 0) Z = 40 × 3 + 50 × 0 = ` 120
(0, 4) Z = 40 × 0 + 50 × 4 = ` 200
(2, 3) Z = 40 × 2 + 50 × 3 = ` 230
From graph,
Maximum profit, Z = ` 230
∴ Number of units of type A is 2 and number of

units of type B is 3.
nnn
ISC

Section - A
Also,
Þ
let ex = t
ex dx = dt
4
dt
1. (i) Option (A) is correct.
\

I= ∫ 1 + t2
Explanation:

Given that = tan −1 t + c
I = ∫ex (tan x – log (cos x)) dx
= ∫ex (tan x + log (cos x)–1) dx
( )
= tan −1 e x + c.
= ∫ex (tan x + log (sec x)) dx (v) Option (C) is correct.

d Explanation: It is given that,
We know that (log sec x) = tan x, 1
dx P(A ) = and P (B) = 0
[\ ex (f(x) + f(x)′)dx = ex (f(x)) + c 2
I = ex. log (sec x) + c P (A ∩ B ) P (A ∩ B )
P (A /B ) = =
(ii) Option (B) is correct. P (B ) 0

Explanation: Therefore, P(A/B) is not defined.
π π 2
1 − cos 2 x  (vi) Option (A) is correct.
∫ 2
0
sin 4 xdx = ∫ 2
0 
 2  dx

Explanation: Sample space = {BB, BG, GB, GG}
A = Both the children are boys = {BB}
π
1 B = One of the children is a boy = {BG, BB, GB}
= ∫ 2 (1 − 2 cos 2 x + cos2 2 x )dx
4 0 C = The older child is a boy = {BB, BG}
π
Therefore, A ∩ B = {BB}, A ∩ C = {BB}
1  1 + cos 4 x  Hence, Required probability
= ∫ 2  1 − 2 cos 2 x +  dx
4 0  2  1
π 4 1
= P( A / C=) =
1 4 sin 2 x sin 4 x  2 2 2
=  3x − +
8 2 4  0 4

1  3π  3π 3 π/2 3
=  − 0 + 0 = 2. ∫0 f ( x ) dx = ∫0 cos 2 x dx + ∫π / 2 3 dx
8  2  16
π/2
(iii) Option (D) is correct.  sin 2 x 
= + [3x]3π / 2
Explanation: Since the equation is not a 2  0

polynomial in all the differential coefficients so
 π
the degree is not defined. = (0 − 0) + 3  3 − 
(iv) Option (A) is correct.  2

Explanation: 3π
x
=9−
dx e 2
Let I = ∫ =∫ dx
e x + e −x e2x + 1 [ISC Marking Scheme, 2015]
Solutions 75
OR
2 x
x 4. Let I = ∫1 dx ...(i)
Given,
∫ 2
dx 3−x + x
( x + 1)
Using properties,
x ( x + 1) − 1 b b
Here, = f ( x ) dx = ∫a f ( a + b − x ) dx
( x + 1) 2
( x + 1) 2 ∫a
x +1 1 2 3−x
= − I = ∫1 dx
( x + 1) 2
( x + 1)2 3 − (3 − x ) + 3 − x

1 1 2 3−x
= − I = ∫1 dx ...(ii)
x + 1 ( x + 1)2 x + 3−x

 1 1  Adding eqs. (i) and (ii),
= ∫ − 2
dx
 x + 1 ( x + 1)  2 x + 3−x 2
2 I = ∫1 dx = ∫1 dx
x + 3−x
1
= log ( x + 1) + +C = [ x]12 = 2 −1 = 1
( x + 1)

3. Generates equation of family of lines passing 1
∴
I= .
through origin 2
y 5. Let C1, C2 and C3 be the companies.
y = mx ⇒ m =
x 1
dy P(C1) = Probability of selection in C1 =

Also, =m 12
dx
1
dy y P(C2) = Probability of selection in C2 =

\ = 15
dx x
1
dy P(C3) = Probability of selection in C3 =

x – y = 0. 10
dx
Probability (no selection in any company)
OR
P(C1C2 C3 ) = P(C1 )P(C2 )P(C3 )
Given equation is,
dy (C1, C2 and C3 are independent events)
( x + 1) − y = e 3 x ( x + 1)2
dx  1   1   1 
= 1 − ×1 − ×1 − 
Dividing the whole equation by (x+1)  12   15   10 
dy 1
− y = e 3 x ( x + 1) 11 14 9 231 77
dx ( x + 1) × × == =
12 15 10 300 100
dy Probability (selection in atleast one of the
It is of the form + Py = Q
dx companies)
1 = 1 – Probability (no selection in
Here, P=− , Q = e 3 x .( x + 1) any company)
x +1
1 77
−∫ dx 1 = 1− = 1 − 0.77 = 0.23.
I .F. = e ∫
Pdx
∴ = e x +1 = e − log|x +1| = 100
x +1
OR
\ The solutions is Let E : Event that 3 balls in the first draw are all
y . I . F. = ∫ Q . I .F. + c white.

1 1 F: Event that 3 balls in the second draw are all
y. = ∫ e 3 x .( x + 1) . dx + c red.
( x + 1) ( x + 1)
3 balls can be drawn out of 13 in 13C3 ways and
y e3x 3 white balls can be drawn out of 5 in 5C3 ways.
⇒
= +c 5
( x + 1) 3 C3 5 ! 3 ! 10 ! 5
P( E ) = 13
= × =
C3 3 ! 2 ! 13 ! 143
e3x
⇒ y=
( x + 1) + c ( x + 1)
3 Since, 3 balls are not replaced before the second
is the required solution. draw, we are left with 8 red and 2 white balls.
Now, 3 balls can be drawn in 10C3 ways and 3 Detailed Solution:

red balls can be drawn in 8C3 ways. Let, event A: bolt is manufactured by machine
8
C3 8 ! 3!7 ! 7 A
P( F / E ) = 10
= × = event B: bolt is manufactured by machine B
C3 3 ! 5 ! 10 ! 15
event C: bolt is manufactured by machine C.
5 7 7 D: probability of drawing a defective bolt.
\ P( E ∩ F ) = P( E ) ⋅ P( F / E ) =
⋅ = .
143 15 429 25 1
\ P(A) = 25% = =
dx 1 dx 100 4
6. ∫ 2
=
2 ∫ 5x 35 7
5x − 4 x − x2 P(B) = 35% = =
4 100 20
1 dx 40 2
2∫
= P(C) = 40% = =
25  2 5x 25  100 5
− x − +
64  4 64  D 5 1
and P   = 5% = =
1 dx A 100 20
2∫
=
2
5  5
2 D 4 1
P   = 4% = =
 8  −x − 8  B
  100 25
   
5 D 2 1
x− P   = 2% = =
1 8 +C C 100 50
= sin −1
2 5 Using Bayes' Theorem,
8 Required Probability,
1 8x − 5 C
= sin −1 + C. P 
2 5  D 
[ISC Marking Scheme, 2020] D
P(C ).P  
Examiner's Comment C
= D D D
 Some candidates are not able to factorize the P( A ).P   + P( B).P   + P(C ).P  
expression under radical sign in the required A B C
standard form. 2 1
×
Answering Tip 5 50
= 1 1
   7 1  2 1 
 Revise the concept of factorization i.e.  4 × 20  +  20 × 25  +  5 × 50 
factorization using by making whole square      
and practice more similar type questions. 1
125
=
7. P(A) = 1/4, P(B) = 7/20, P(C) = 2/5 1
+
7
+
1
Let D be the probability of drawing a defective 80 500 125
bolt.
1
P(D/A) = 1/20, P(D/B) = 1/25, P(D/C) = 1/50
125
P( C ) × P( D / C ) =
P(C/D) = 25 + 28 + 16
P ( A )P ( D / A ) + P ( B )P ( D / B ) 2000
+ P ( C )P ( D / C ) 1
2 1 125
× =
5 50 69
=
1 1 7 1 2 1  2000
 4 × 20 + 20 × 25 + 5 × 50 
  1 2000
×
=
16 125 69
=
69 16
= .
[ISC Marking Scheme, 2014] 69
Solutions 77
Examiner’s Comment π ( π − x )tan x

dx …(ii)
⇒
I = ∫0
 While using Bayes' theorem, some candidates sec x ⋅ cosec x
used actual numbers given instead of Adding (i) and (ii), we get
probabilities of the events. Probability of an π tan x dx
event and the conditional probability for the 2 I = π∫0
sec x ⋅ cosec x
happening of an event were not understood π
and also incorrectly substituted in several 2 I = ∫0 π sin 2 x dx

cases. π/2
2I = 2 π∫ sin 2 x dx
0
Answering Tip ∵ 2 a f ( x )dx = 2 a f ( x )dx , if f ( x ) is even 
 Remember that in Bayes' Theorem the  ∫0 ∫0 
required probability is the ratio of conditional
π / 2 (1 − cos 2 x )dx
probability of specific known event to the sum ⇒
2 I = 2 π∫0
2
of the conditional probabilities of all events
π/2
under consideration.  sin 2 x 
⇒ 2I = π x −
2  0

sin −1 x − cos−1 x
8. I = ∫ dx π π2
sin −1 x + cos−1 x ⇒ 2I = [ π] =
2 2
2  −1 π 
= ∫ sin x −  − sin −1 x   dx π2
π   2  ⇒ I= .
4
2 −1
= ∫ 2 sin x dx − ∫ 1 dx
π Section - B
4  −1 1 1  9. (i) Option (B) is correct.
= sin x.x − ∫ x dx  − x + C
π 1−x 2 x  Explanation: since,

cos2 a + cos2 b + cos2 g = 1
1 x 
or cos 90° + cos2 60° + cos2 q = 1
2
=  4 x sin −1 x − 2 ∫ dx  − x + C
π  1 − x  1
0 + + cos2 θ = 1
Let, x = sin 2 θ ⇒ dx = 2 sin θ cos θ dθ 4
1 3
1 sin θ  cos2 θ = 1 − =
=  4 x sin −1 x − 2 ∫ 2 sin θ cos θ dθ  − x + C 4 4
π cos θ
 
3
1 \ cos θ =
=  4 x sin −1 x − 2 ∫ (1 − cos 2θ) dθ  − x + C 2
π  
or q = 30°.
1  sin 2θ   (ii) Option (A) is correct.
=  4 x sin −1 x − 2  θ − −x+C
π  2   Explanation:

Equation of P1 : 3x + 5y + 7z – 3 = 0 ...(i)
1  2 sin θ cos θ   Equation of P2 : 9x + 15y + 21z – 9 = 0
=  4 x sin −1 x − 2  θ −  − x + C
π
  2  or 3x + 5y + 7z – 3 = 0 ...(ii)
2 Equations (i) and (ii) represent the same plane,
=  2 x sin −1 x − ( sin −1 x − x . 1 − x )  − x + C i.e., they coincide.
π
Distance between them = 0.
2
=  x − x 2 − (1 − 2 x )sin −1 x  − x + C. 10. The equation of a plane through the
π
intersection of:
OR
→ ^ ^ ^ → ^ ^ ^
π x tan x r .( i + 3 j − k ) = 9 and r .( 2 i − j + k ) = 3 is
Let I = ∫0 dx …(i)
sec x cosec x → ^ ^ ^ → ^ ^ ^
Applying property [ r .( i + 3 j − k ) − 9] + λ [ r .( 2 i − j + k ) − 3)] = 0
π ( π − x )tan( π − x ) → ^ ^ ^ → ^ ^ ^
∴ I = ∫0 dx ⇒ r .( i + 3 j − k ) + λ [ r .( 2 i − j + k )] = 3λ + 9
sec( π − x )cosec( π − x )

→ ^ 2
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ⇒ byx =
⇒ r [( i + 3 j − k ) + λ ( 2 i − j + k )] = 3λ + 9 5

Q Passing through origin We have,
\
3l + 9 = 0 ⇒ l = – 3 r2 = byx × bxy
→ ^ ^ ^ 2
Required equation, r .( − 5 i + 6 j − 4 k ) = 0  1  2 1
  = ×
[ISC Marking Scheme, 2018]  10  5 m
Alternate solution: 1 2
x + 3y – z – 9 = 0 and 2x – y + z – 3 = 0 =
10 5m
\ (x + 3y – z – 9) + l (2x – y + z – 3) = 0
10 × 2
⇒ – 9 – 3l = 0 m=
5
⇒ l=–3
m = 4.
\ Required equation, – 5x + 6y – 4z = 0 or 5x – 6y
+ 4z = 0. 1
13. m1 = byx= 1 and bxy = = m2
2
11. Graph of the curve y = x3 is shown in the
figure. Let angle between the lines is q.
Shaded region represents the required area.  m − m2 
\
tan q = ±  1 
 1 + m1 m2 
 1
1− 2  1
= ±   = ±
 1 + 1  3
 2
−1  1 
\
q = tan  ±  .
 3

 x4 
4 14. Let the tailor P work for x days and the tailor Q
4
\ Required area = ∫0 x 3 dx =  
work for y days respectively.
 4  0 Here, the problem can be formulated as an L.P.P.
as follows:
 44 
= −0 Minimize Z = 150x + 200y
 4 
  Subject to the constraints
3 6x + 10y ≥ 60
= 4 = 64 sq. units.
or 3x + 5y ≥ 30
Section - C and 4x + 4y ≥ 32
12. (i) Option (A) is correct. or x+y≥8
Explanation: The intersection points of two

and x m 0, y ≥ 0
regression lines is x, y, where x is mean of Converting them into equations we obtain the
x-series and y is mean of y-series. following equations:
3x + 5y = 30, x+y=8
(ii) Option (D) is correct.
Explanation: Given, regression equation of x 30 − 3x
⇒
y= ⇒ y=8–x
and y is 5
mx – y + 10 = 0 x 0 10 5 x 0 8 5
1 y 6 0 3 y 8 0 3
⇒ bxy =
m The lines are shown on the graph paper and
Also, regression eq. of y on x is given as the feasible region is shown shaded. It is an
– 2x + 5y = 14 unbounded region.
Solutions 79
The corner points are

A(10, 0), B(5, 3) and C(0, 8)
At the corner point the value of Z = 150x + 200y
At A(10, 0) Z = 1500
At B(5, 3) Z = 150 × 5 + 200 × 3
= 750 + 600 = 1350
At C(0, 8) Z = 1600
Minimum value of Z is ` 1350 and it occurs at
the point B(5, 3).
Hence, the labour cost is ` 1350 when P works
for 5 days and Q works for 3 days.
nnn
ISC

Section - A
(iii) Option (A) is correct.
5
Explanation:
y Ax + A3
Given that, =
1. (i) Option (B) is correct.
Explanation:
dy
⇒ = A
dx dx
I= ∫ x2 + 4x − 5 [We can differentiate above equation only once
dx because it has only one arbitrary constant.]
= ∫ \ Degree = 1.
( x + 2 )2 − 32
(iv) Option (A) is correct.
1 (x + 2) − 3 Explanation:
= log +c
2 (3) (x + 2) + 3 x2 x2 + 4 − 4
Q I = ∫ x 2 + 4 dx = ∫ x2 + 4
dx
1 x −1
= log + c. 4
6 x+5  
= ∫  1 − x 2 + 4  dx
(ii) Option (C) is correct.
Explanation:
4
p dx π
= ∫ 1 ⋅ dx − ∫ x 2 + 4 dx

Q ∫0 1 + 4 x 2 = 8
4 x
= x − tan −1   + c
p dx π 2 2
⇒ ∫ =
0 1 + ( 2 x )2 8
x
p
\ I = x − 2 tan −1   + c.
1 −1  π 2
⇒
 2 tan ( 2 x )  = 8
 0 (v) Option (D) is correct.
1 π Explanation:
⇒ (tan −1 2 p − tan −1 0 ) = 4
2 8 Given that P(A) =
π 5
⇒ tan −1 2 p − 0 =
4 7
and P(A Ç B) =
π 10
⇒ tan −1 2 p =
4 P( A ∩ B )
P(B/A) =
π P( A )
⇒ 2 p = tan 
4 7
⇒ 2p = 1 7
= 10 = .
1 4 8
p= .
2 5
Solutions 81
(vi) Option (A) is correct. Answering Tip

Explanation: Given, E = {1, 3, 5}, F = {2, 3},

 Practice should be needed for the questions of
G = {2, 3, 4, 5}
integration by substitution.
3 1 2 1 4 2

P(E) = = , P(F) = = , P(G) = = OR
6 2 6 3 6 3 1
Now, (E ∪ F) ∩ G = {2, 3, 5} (x 4
−x ) 4
\
P[(E ∪ F) ∩ G] = =
3 1 Let, I= ∫ x5
dx
6 2 1
 (E ∪ F )  [( E ∪ F ) ∩ G]  4 x  4 1
Therefore, P   = P
P( G ) = ∫  x  1 − x 4   5 dx
 x
 G 
1 1
 1 4 1
= 2 = ∫ x  1 − 3  5 dx
2  x  x

3 1
 1 4 1
=
3 = ∫ 1 − x 3  x 4 dx
4
1
1 1 Put 1 – =t
2. Let I = ∫ 2 sin   dx
2
x3
x x 3 x4
1 So that, dx = dt Þ dx = dt
Also, Let t= x4 3
x
1 5
−1 1 4 1 4
\
dt = dx =
3 ∫ t dt = . t 4
3 5
x2
5
I = − ∫ sin t dt
2
\
4  1 4
=  1 − 3  + C.
1 − cos 2t 15 x
= − ∫ dt
2
3. Given (x+1) dy = 2xy dx
[ cos 2q = 1 – 2 sin2 q]
dy 2x
1 ⇒ ∫ =∫ dx
= −  ∫ 1dt − ∫ cos 2t dt 
y x +1
2
1  sin 2t  x +1−1  1 
⇒ log y = 2 ∫ dx = 2 ∫  1 − dx
= − t −
2 2 
+C x +1  x + 1 
1 1 ⇒ log y = 2 [ x − log ( x + 1)] + log c

= sin 2t − t + C
4 2 log y + 2 log(x + 1) – log c = 2x
1 2 1 y( x + 1)2
\
I= sin   − + C. ⇒ log = 2x
4  x  2x c
[ISC Marking Scheme, 2017] y( x + 1)2
⇒
= e2x
c
Examiner's Comment
c e2x
 Candidates made errors by making ⇒ y= .
inappropriate substitution. Some candidates ( x + 1)2
applied correct substitution 1  but [ISC Marking Scheme, 2014]

 = t
x  OR
made errors in further simplification. Many Given, x cos y dy = e x ( x log x + 1) dx

attempted it by incorrect method of integration  1

cos y . dy = e x  log x +  . dx
by parts so could not get the correct solution.  x 

On integrating both sides, we get Hence, required probability in percentage

x 1 52
∫ cos y . dy = ∫ e  log x + x  . dx = × 100 = 52%.
  100
ex [ISC Marking Scheme, 2018]
⇒ sin y = ∫ e x log x . dx + ∫ . dx
x
Examiner’s Comment
x
d  e
⇒ sin y = log x ∫ e x dx − ∫  log x.∫ e x dx  dx + ∫ dx Most of the candidates attempted this question
 dx  x correctly but left the result as a fraction /
decimal fraction. A few candidates made error
x d x  ex while applying the concept of p.q1 + q.p1.
sin y = log x ∫ e dx − ∫  log x.∫ e dx  dx + ∫ dx
 dx  x
Answering Tip
(Integrating exlog x by parts)
 Students are advised to read the question
x 1 x ex paper and each question carefully and note
⇒ sin y = e log x − ∫ . e dx + ∫ dx + c

x x what is to be answered.
⇒ sin y = e x log x + c is the required solution.
OR
E1 = Event that 1 occur;

x2 E2 = Event that 1 does not occur;
4. Given, ∫ dx
x2 − 4 A = Event that the man reports that 1 occur.
x2 − 4 + 4  x2 − 4 4  1 5
∴ ∫
dx = + 2 P( E1 ) = ; P( E2 ) = ;
2 ∫ 
 2
 dx 6 6
x −4  x −4 x −4 
3 2
P( A / E1 ) = ; P( A / E2 ) = ;
 4  1 x-2 5 5
⇒ ∫ 1 + 2
dx = x + 4 × log +C
 x − 4  2×2 x+2 1 3
⋅
6 5 3
x-2 P( E1 / A ) = = .
= x + log +C . 1 3 5 2 13
x+2 ⋅ + ⋅
6 5 6 5
5. Let A speaks truth is event A and B speaks sin φ
6. Let I=∫ dφ
truth is event B. sin 2 φ + 2 cos φ + 3
60
Given, P(A) = 60% = sin φ
100 =∫ dφ
2
1 − cos φ + 2 cos φ + 3
40
and P(B) = 40% =
100 sin φ
=∫ dφ
2
60 40 − cos φ + 2 cos φ + 4
\
P( A ) = 1 − =
100 100 Put cos f = t ⇒ – sin f df = dt
40 60 −1
and P( B ) = 1 − = =∫ dt
100 100 2
−t + 2t + 4
Now, required probability
1
= P( A ).P( B ) + P( A ).P( B) =∫ dt
( 5 ) − (t − 1)2
2

60 60 40 40
= × + ×  t −1 
100 100 100 100 = − sin −1  +C
 5 
3600 1600
= +  cos φ − 1 
10000 10000 = − sin −1   + C.
36 16  5 
= +
100 100 7. Given that, total daily production of bulbs
52 = 1500 + 2500 + 3000 = 7000 bulbs.
= Let A, B and C be the event if drawing a bulb
100
produced by machines A, B and C respectively.
Solutions 83
1500 3 −2 1 3 1
\
P( A ) = = = × log | 2t + 3 | + × log | 3t − 2 | + C
7000 14 13 2 13 3
2500 5 1 3t − 2 1 3 tan 2 x − 2
P( B ) = = = log +C = log + C.
7000 14 13 2t + 3 13 2 tan 2 x + 3
3000 3
and P(C ) = = OR
7000 7
π
Let F be the event of producing a defective bulb.
I = ∫ π2 cos 2 x log(sin x ) dx
1.5 3
P( F / A ) = 1.5% = = 4
100 200
π
2 1 1 2 π
P( F / B) = 2% = = =  (log sin x ) ⋅ sin 2 x  − ∫ 2 1 cot x ⋅ sin 2 x dx
100 50 2 π π
2
2.5 1 4 4
P( F / C ) = 2.5% = = π
100 40  1  1  2 2
By Bayes' theorem, = 0 − log    − ∫ π cos x dx
2  2  4
P( B ) ⋅ P( F / B ) 
P(B/F) =
P( A ) ⋅ P( F / A ) + P( B ) ⋅ P( F / B ) π
1 1
+ P( C ) ⋅ P( F / C ) = log 2 − ∫ π2 (1 + cos 2 x ) dx
4 2
4
5 1
× π
= 14 50 1 1 sin 2 x  2
3 3 5 1 3 1 = log 2 −  x +
× + × + × 4 2 2  π
14 200 14 50 7 40
4
1
140 20 1 1  π   π 1 
= = . = log 2 −  + 0  −  +  
9 1 3 59 4 2  2   4 2 
+ +
2800 140 280
1 π 1
sin 2 x dx = log 2 − + .
8. Given, ∫ (2 sin 2 x + 3 cos2 x ) (3 sin 2 x − 2 cos2 x ) 4 8 4
Divide by cos4x Section - B

2 sin x cos x
dx 9. (i) Option (B) is correct.
cos4 x
∫  2 sin 2 x 3 cos2 x   3 sin 2 x 2 cos2 x  Explanation:
 +  −  a1 2
 cos2 x cos2 x   cos2 x cos2 x  =
a2 5

2 tan x sec 2 x dx b1 −1
∫ (2 tan 2 x + 3) (3 tan 2 x − 2) = =
2
b2 −2.5 5

Put tan2x = t c1 4 2
2 tan x sec2x dx = dt = =
c2 10 5
dt
∫ (2t + 3) (3t − 2) a1 b c

 = 1 = 1,
a2 b2 c2
1 A B
= +
(2t + 3) (3t − 2) 2t + 3 3t − 2 ∴ Thus, the planes are parallel.

(ii) Option (C) is correct.
1 = B (2t + 3) + A (3t – 2)
Explanation: Direction ratios of the line and
−3 2 3 −2 normal to the plane are 2, 1, –2 and 1, 1, 0
Put t = and ; we get B = , A=
2 3 13 13 respectively.
2 3 \ Their direction cosines are
− dt
dt 13 13 2 1 −2 1 1
∫ (2t + 3) (3t − 2) ∫ 2t + 3 ∫ 3t − 2
= dt + , ,
3 3 3
and , ,0
2 2
If q is the angle between the line and the plane, 4 a / m2 4 a / m2

then Required area = ∫0 2 axdx − ∫0 mxdx
2 1 1 1  −2  4 a / m2
cos( 90° − θ) = × + × + ×0   4 a / m2
3 2 3 2  3   x3 / 2   x2 
=2 a  − m 
\ sin θ =
1
= sin 45°  3   2  0
2  2  0

i.e., q = 45°. 2  4a 
3/2
m  4a 
2
=2 a×  2  −
10. Plane passing through the point (2, –3, 1) and 3m  2  m 2 

perpendicular to the line joining the point
4 a 8 a a m 16 a 2
(4, 5, 0) and (1, –2, 4), direction ratio of the line is − =
{(1 – 4), (– 2 – 5), (4 – 0)} 3 m3 2 m4
= (– 3, – 7, 4) 32 a 2 8 a 2
direction ratio of the plane 3
− 3 =
3 m m
= direction ratio of the line
= (– 3, – 7, 4) a 2  32 
3  3
−8 =
Equation of the plane m  
a(x – x1) + b(y – y1) + c(z – z1) = 0
a 2  32 − 24 
– 3(x – 2) – 7(y + 3) + 4(z – 1) = 0 =
3  3 
– 3x + 6 – 7y – 21 + 4z – 4 = 0 m 
– 3x – 7y + 4z – 19 = 0 8a2
3x + 7y – 4z + 19 = 0 3
= sq. units.
Required equation of the plane is 3m
3x + 7y – 4z + 19 = 0
[ISC Marking Scheme, 2020] Section - C
Examiner’s Comment 12. (i) Option (D) is correct.
 Most of the candidate didn’t apply the concept Explanation: The slope of the line of regression

of perpendicular lines and equation of plane of y on x is called the regression of coefficient of
correctly. y on x.
(ii) Option (A) is correct.
Answering Tip Explanation: If the correlation coefficient is a
 Understand the different situation of finding positive value then the slope of the regression
the equation of the plane by applying different line must also be positive.
condition. 13. Given, regression equation of x on y is
11. Equation of the parabola mx – y + 10 = 0
y2
= 4ax ⇒
bxy =
1
represents a parabola with vertex at the origin. m
The chord y = mx passes through the origin. Also, regression equation of y on x is given as
The point of intersection of the curve and the –2x + 5y = 14
 4a 4a  . 2
line is  2 , ⇒ byx =
m m  5
Shaded region represents the required area. We have, r2 = byx × bxy
2
 1  2 1
  = 5 × m
5
1 2 1
⇒
= ×
5 5 m
5× 2
⇒
m=
5
⇒
m = 2.
Solutions 85
14. Let x be the number of A type tea cups and y be of lines 2x + y = 60, with 2x + 3y = 120 and
the number of B type tea cups. x = 20 with 2x + y = 60 respectively.
Profit/
Items No. Machine
unit
I II III
Type A x 12 min 18 min 6 min ` 1.5
Type B y 6 min 0 min 9 min `1
Max 6 Hours 6 Hours 6 Hours
Avail- =6× =6× =6×
able 60 min 60 min 60 min
Time = 360 = 360 = 360
min min min
The problem can be formulated as
Max Z = 1.50x + 1.00y
Max Z = 1.50x + y
Subject to the constraints
12x + 6y [ 360, i.e., 2x + y [ 60
18x + 0.y [ 360, i.e., x [ 20 Thus, the 5 corner points of the feasible region
6x + 9y [ 360, i.e., 2x + 3y [ 120 are O(0, 0), A(0, 40), B(15, 30), C(20, 20) and
D(20, 0).
and x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
(Non-negative constraints) Corner Points Value of Z
We draw the straight lines: 2x + y = 60, O(0, 0) 0
x = 20, 2x + 3y = 120 A(0, 40) 40
For 2x + y = 60. B(15, 30) 52.5 (Max)
x 30 0 20 C(20, 20) 50
y 0 60 20 D(20, 0) 30
For 2x + 3y = 120 Clearly, the maximum profit is at x = 15 and
x 60 0 30 y = 30.
y 0 40 20 Thus, the manufacturer should manufacture
The shaded portion shows the feasible region. 15 cups of type A and 30 cups of type B to get
The points B and C are points of intersection maximum profit in a day.
nnn
MATHEMATICS
ISC
Self Assessment Papers
HINTS
Self Assessment Paper–1
Section - A 8. Let x = t and solve it.
d2 y Section - B
1. (iii) Highest order derivative is 2 with
power 1. dx π 3π
9. (i) use cos2 + cos2 + cos2 gY= 1.
4 4
(iv) Use formula (a)2 – (b)2 = (a + b) (a – b) 3 3
∫0 ( x + 2) dx − ∫ x dx.
2
 A
11. Required area =
P( A ∩ B ) P( B).P( A ) 0
(v) P   = =
B
  P ( B ) P( B )
Section - C
2. Putting x = t.
4. Putting log x = t. 1 5
13. byx = and bxy =
5. (ii) Atleast one person hits the target 2 4
5
= 1 − P( A ).P( B ).P(C ). Then r2 = .
8
7. By using Baye's theorem, 14. Subject to constraints: 5x + 6y ≤ 38, 3x + 2y ≤ 18
E  0.075 and x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
P 1  =
H
  0. 075 + 0.035 + 0.01 Max. Z = 50x + 40y.

nnn
Section - A 3. OR After separating variables, we get

dx − sec 2 y
1. (i) By using partial fraction, = dy
we get x – 1 = A(x – 2) + B(x – 3) tan x tan y
After solving, A = 2, B = –1 Now, integrating both sides.
(ii) Putting 1 + log x = t and solve it.
(iii) m = 3 and n = 2. 5. n(A) = 13, n(B) = 4, n(A ∩ B) = 1
x and n(S) = 52
(iv) Using 1 – cos x = 2 sin 2 Using formula, P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B)
2
x – P(A ∩ B).
and 1 + cos x = 2 cos2 6. Using integration by parts and solve it.
2
Hints 87
3 2 Section - B
7. P(A) = , P(B) =
6 6
1 9. (ii) Let R divide PQ in the ratio k : 1. Then k = 2.
and P(C) = 2
6 11. Required area =−2 ∫0 y dx
D 2 D 4 and putting y = 8x .
Similarly, P  = , P  =
A
  5 B
  5
D 3
Section - C
and P  =
C 7 13. x– = 3 and y– = 5
Now apply Baye's theorem and solve it. \ byx = –1
Use formula: (y – y–) = byx (x – x–).
8. Let I = ∫ e ax cos (bx + c )
I II 14. Max Z = 50 x1 + 60 x2 Subject to constraints:
Integrating by part and solve it. 3x1 + x2 ≤ 9, x1 + 2x2 ≤ 8
such that x1, x2 ≥ 0.
nnn
Section - A 8. Let x = cos 2 q.

OR
1. (i) Putting tan x = t and solve it. 1/2 3/2
(iii) Degree = 2.
Let I = ∫0 x cos π x dx − ∫
1/2
x cos π x dx
1 and solve it.

(vi) P(E1) = P(E2) =
2
A
Section - B
5
and P  =
E
 1 100 9. (i) Required equation is:
 A 25 3(x + 2) + 1(y – 1) + 5(z – 3) = 0.
P  = 5
E
 2 1000 11. Required area = 4 × 4 a − ∫1 2 a x − 1 dx and

\ P(A) = P(E1A or E2A) solve it.
x x
2. Use, sin x = 2 sin cos
2 2 Section - C
x
and 1 + cos x = 2 cos2 12. (i) Dependent variable (By definition).
2
2 1
OR 13. byx = − and bxy = −
Putting tan x = t and solve it 5 2
3. After Separating variables, we get  2  1 

Then  −   −  < 1.
x y  5  2 
2 = − 2
dy
x +1 y +1 14. Subject to constraints:
Now, integrating both sides, 20x + 25y ≥ 22 ...(i)
5. OR 20x + 15y ≥ 18 ...(ii)
6
C4 + ( 6 C3 × 8 C1 ) such that x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0.
Required Probability = .
931
nnn
88 OSWAAL ISC Sample Question Papers Semester-2, MATHEMATICS , Class-XII

Now apply Baye's Theorem and solve it.
Section - A d
1. (i) Using integration by parts such that x3 as I 8. Taking 5x – 1 = A (6 + 5x – 2x2) + B.
dx
and ex as II.
(iii) Order = 2, degree = 4. 5 21
and get A = − , B = .
(iv) Let tan x = t. 4 4
2. Apply formula, ∫ e x { f ( x ) + f '( x )}dx =e x f ( x ) + c
Section - B
Take f(x) = cot x
OR 9. (i)|9 + l| = 3, then l = – 12 or – 6.
Let 1 + log x = t. | D1 − D2 |
3. Write the given differential equation in variable 10. Required distance = .
separation form, a2 + b 2 + c 2
e y dx 0 2
2y
= ex dx 11. Required area = ∫−1 x dy + ∫0 x dy
e + 1
Now, integrating both sides. Section - C
π/2 5 9
4. f(x) = ∫0 sin x dx + ∫ 1 dx + ∫ e x − 5 dx
π/2 5
1
and solve it. Σxy − Σx.Σy
12. (i) byx = n
6. Let x5 + 3 = t. 1
Σ x 2 − ( Σx ) 2
3 5 9 n
7. P(E1) = , P(E2) = , P(E3) =
17 17 17 Putting value and solve it.
A  A 14. Max. Z = 30x + 25y
and P   = 0.01, P   = 0.02 Subject to constraints:
E
 1  E2  3x + 3y ≤ 18
 A 3x + 2y ≤ 15
P   = 0.04 such that x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0.
 E3 
nnn

and B = 1.
Section - A
1. (ii) Here sin7 x is an odd function. Section - B
(iv) Let ex
+ 1 = t. 6
1 1 9. (i) Length of perpendicular = = 2.
(vi) P(A) = , P(B) = 3
3 5
10. Required area = 2  ∫0 x dx + ∫1 4 − 3x dx  .
1 4 /3
\ Required probability = P( A ∪ B)
 
2. Let 1 + x2 = t.
3. Order = 2, degree = not defined. Section - C
OR 2
Let x + y = z and putting and solve it. 13. bxy =
3
5. OR Required probability 1
5 9 C2 4 7 C1 × 9 C1 and byx =
= × 16 + × 16 4
9 C2 9 C2 Now using r2 = byx × bxy.
6. Putting x2 = y and using partial fraction. 14. Min. Z = 24x + 36y
7. Apply Baye's theorem to solve the given Subject to constraints:
problem. x + 2y ≥ 10
d 2x + 2y ≥ 12
8. Let x+3= A {3 – 4x – x2} + B 3x + y ≥ 8
dx
1 such that x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0.
we get A= −
2 nnn

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Consider a definite integral:

 2  f ( x ) dx , if f ( x )is even i.e. f (– x )  f ( x ) Definite Integral  F(b ) – F( a )

9.  cot x dx  log sin x  C  – log cosec x  C

 π x For functions f(x) and g(x), we have

( x – a ) 2 ( x – b) ( x – a ) ( x – a ) 2 ( x – b) First Level Second Level Third Level  dx  log x  C

First Level Second Level Third Level

atio •Equation of zx – plane is y = 0

First Level Second Level Third Level

The area of the region bounded by

two curves y = f (x), y = g (x) and the lines

First Level Second Level Third Level

x y •It is a basic and commonly used

used to explain the relationship

Bounded and Feasible and

The common region determined by

Trace the Mind Map

Some Standard Formulae

(ix) ∫ sec x dx = log sec x + tan x + C

(x) ∫ cosec x dx = log cosec x − cot x + C

(xiii) ∫ sec x × tan x dx = sec x + C

Properties of Indefinite Integral

Integration by Partial Fractions

Form of the Rational Functions Form of the Partial Fractions

Integrals of Some Particular Functions

Some Standard Integrands and Substitutions For Them

Fundamental Theorem of Calculus

Properties of Definite Integral

Chapter 2 – Differential Equations

Order of a Differential Equation

Degree of a Differential Equation

Solution of a Differential Equation

General Solution of a Differential Equation

Formation of a Differential Equation

Differential Equation in Variable Separable Form

Homogeneous Differential Equation

2 f ( x ) dx , if f ( x )is even i.e. f (– x ) f ( x ) Definite Integral F(b ) – F( a )

9. cot x dx log sin x C – log cosec x C

π x For functions f(x) and g(x), we have

( x – a ) 2 ( x – b) ( x – a ) ( x – a ) 2 ( x – b) First Level Second Level Third Level dx log x C

x y •It is a basic and commonly used

and Σxy = a Σx + b Σx 2…(iii)

9. Choose the correct option for the following questions: 2

12. Choose the correct option for the following questions: 2

[Using integration by parts] On adding eq. (i) and (ii), we get

(iv) The value of I = ∫ sin 7 x. cos 3x dx is: 1

9. Choose the correct option for the following questions: 2

12. Choose the correct option for the following questions: 2

9. Choose the correct option for the following questions: 2

12. Choose the correct option for the following questions: 2

9. Choose the correct option for the following questions: 2

12. Choose the correct option for the following questions: 2

3. Solve the differential equation: ( x + 1) dy − 2 xy dx = 0. 2

9. Choose the correct option for the following questions: 2

12. Choose the correct option for the following questions: 2

1. Choose the correct option for the following questions.

9. Choose the correct option for the following questions: 2