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The vector control analysis of an induction motor allows the decoupled analysis where the torque
and the flux components can be independently controlled (just as in dc motor). Hence it becomes
simpler to implement fuzzy logic for the design of controllers for higher order systems. In the project,
we have designed a Fuzzy Logic Controller to be utilized in the speed control on induction motor.
The program is saved as an FIS file and it is later embedded into the Fuzzy Logic Controller. The
Field weakening is employed to increase the speed beyond a base peed. In the presence of
asymmetry, the common frame is attached to the asymmetrical member; in this case induction motor
with unbalanced excitation or asymmetrical stator windings with be modeled in the stator frame.
This results in a loss of electrical energy through the control resistor. Hereafter, they are discussed
one after the other. Page 47. Variable speed induction motor drives employ various control
algorithms. Page 21. A convenient and succinct way to define an MF is to express it as a
mathematical function. Hence in the past, induction motors have been used primarily in constant
speed applications. Figure 3.29:Stator Current Vs Time graph for machine parameters as in Fig 3.26.
Figure 3.24:Rotor Current Vs Time graph for machine parameters as in Fig 3.20. Appendix 5:
MATLABCodeto observe the variations in q-axis and d-axis stator currents with. This is done in
order to avoid any kind of discontinuity with respect to the minor changes in the inputs. That's why
the copper losses are low and consequently, efficiency and power factor are high. Due to the high
torque to volume ratio of BLDCM, it dominates for High Performance Drives (HPD) applications,
such as robotics, guided manipulation and dynamic actuation, the precise rotor movement over a
period of time must be achieved. The parallel type neuro-controller is to adjust the control input by
using a conventional controller based on the neural network. Figure 3.7: Torque-Speed
Characteristics for machine parameters as in Fig 3.2. Centroid of Area (COA): It is one of the most
popular techniques used for defuzzification, as it is reminiscent of the calculation of expected values
of probability distributions. From the current plots, the same inferences can be achieved. Three phase
induction motor usually runs at constant speed with respect to no load to full load. Figure 3.30:Rotor
Current Vs Time graph for machine parameters as in Fig 3.26. Figure 3.29:Stator Current Vs Time
graph for machine parameters as in Fig 3.26. Objective Recent research has indicated that the
permanent magnet motor drives, which include the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM)
and the Brushless DC Motor (BLDCM), could become serious competitors to the induction motor
for servo applications. Figure 3.19:Torque-Speed Characteristics for machine parameters as in Fig
3.14. The Bluetooth modem sends the signal to the Microcontroller. One of the earliest controllers
that were used for control was the Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller. Bhargavi (Roll
108EE026) Suneet Nayak (Roll 108EE044) Under Supervision of Prof. This paper is focused on
sliding mode control technique for induction motor. Provides torque control. 2.3.2 Speed Control
Techniques Mathematically, the relation between the speed of an induction motor and the
synchronous speed (i.e., the speed at which the revolving flux rotates) can be stated as (2.1) Also,
(2.2) which implies that there are two basic ways of speed control, namely (i) Slip-control for fixed
synchronous speed. (ii) Control of synchronous speed.
Proposed system includes wired control of lighting with various degrees of intelligence and
automation which also provides greater degree of comfort, ease and energy efficiency. SVM gives
better harmonic response and higher efficiency compared to pulse width modulation techniques.
Figure 4.19: Angular relationships between reference axes. The simplicity and flexibility of control of
dc motors have made them suitable for variable speed drive applications. Latter deals with tangible
handling of random phenomena. In other words, scalar control method is used for the speed control
of the Induction Motor. Therefore, by varying the voltage and frequency by the same ratio, flux and
hence, the torque can be kept constant throughout the speed range. The inverter generates a pulse
width modulation (PWM) output voltage, presenting many advantages: high efficiency (up to 98%),
low sensitivity to line transients, open-circuit protection, constant high input power factor, multimode
application capability, small relative size, common bus regeneration, wide speed range, and excellent
speed regulation. During starting of an induction motor, the stator resistance and the motor
inductance (both rotor and stator) must be kept low to reduce the steady state time and also to
reduce the jerks during starting. Excerpt from the Dissertation around the Nature and academic
Worth of Induction There’s two quite distinct processes through which your brain moves in one
acquisition to. PI controller and the Stator current (Figure 4.15), DC voltage (Figure 4.16),
Electromagnetic. Controlling the speed of the BLDC motor using ANN based PID controller. This
field passes through the air-gap and cuts the stationary rotor conductors. With the use of a voltage-
source inverter, space vector pulse width modulation can be implemented. Hence it becomes simpler
to implement fuzzy logic for the design of controllers for higher order systems. In the project, we
have designed a Fuzzy Logic Controller to be utilized in the speed control on induction motor.
However, modern trends and development of speed control methods of an induction motor have
increased the use of induction motors in electrical drives extensively. Hereafter, they are discussed
one after the other. Page 47. Despite the name, BLDC motors are actually a type of permanent
magnet synchronous motors. The universe of discourse may consist of discrete objects or continuous
space, which is totally covered by the MFs and the transition from one MF to another, is smooth and
gradual. In the last three decades, fuzzy control has gained much popularity owing to its knowledge
based algorithm, better non-linearity handling features and independence of plant modeling. Figure
3.15: Rotor Speed Vs Time graph for machine parameters as in Fig 3.14. On the command window
of MATLAB fuzzy is typed to open the FIS editor. It can be observed from Fig 27 and Fig 36 that
the PI controller diverges from the new reference speed and does not attend a steady state when it is
very less as compared to the base speed or greater than the base speed. Android mobile act as a
transmitter and the received by Bluetooth receiver interfaced to AVR microcontroller of 8051 family.
The conventional PID controllers those are based on linear control theory and are much easier to
understand and implement but suffer the disadvantages when the operating points of the process or
the plant parameters are changed due to disturbances. For Later 100% 100% found this document
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document. So, our project concentrates on controlling the speed of induction motor using Android
phone remotely by the help of the Bluetooth technology. However, the highly non-linear nature of
the induction motor control dynamics demands strenuous control algorithms for the control of speed.
The controller can be refined accordingly to get the desired result during the simulation. The
performance indices in terms of rise time and percentage overshoot of the controller are computed
and compared.
As the coils are now on the stator of the machine the need for a commutator and brush gear
assembly has disappeared. Also the membership functions near the zero region can be made
narrower and those towards the outside can be made comparatively wider. The Bluetooth slave
modem receives the command from the mobile phone. So even this method cannot be used for good
performance. Thus the motor is completely utilized and also we have a good range of speed control.
You can download the paper by clicking the button above. We would also like to offer our sincere
thanks to Prof. (Dr.) Subhojit Ghosh and Mr. Y. Suresh from the Department of Electrical
Engineering, for their continual guidance in programming. Figure 3.21: Rotor Speed Vs Time graph
for machine parameters as in Fig 3.20. Hence the power to load connected in series with triac is
controlled based on received signal and speed control of induction motor is achieved. Linear
Induction Motor Theory: Induction: The process of creating a current in a conductor by imposing a
changing magnetic field through the conductor. The difference between the two generates an error
and. MFs of higher dimensions can be defined similarly as per the increase in the number of inputs.
3.6 Summary This chapter defines the necessity of fuzzy logic, introduces fuzzy sets and
corresponding set operations (AND, OR, and NOT), as well as describes membership function
representations and their types. A micro-controller is a device which controlled whole system. In
electrical drives, use of various sensors and control. A MATLAB code was developed to observe the
variation of frequency as well as the operating zone of the motor with the variation of load torque. So
as the parameters like R2, E2 are changed then to keep the torque. See Full PDF Download PDF See
Full PDF Download PDF Related Papers Speed Control of Induction Motors Kamakhya
Basumatary Download Free PDF View PDF Speed Control Techniques for Induction Motor - A
Review IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research and Development In this paper, various
types of speed control methods for the single phase induction motor are described. Any variation in
the motor phase EMFs while it is energized results in a corresponding variation in the torque
developed by that phase. Apart from these advantages, they have some unfavorable features like
their time varying and non-linear dynamics. This is done in order to avoid any kind of discontinuity
with respect to the minor changes in the inputs. The union, intersection and negation operations
perform exactly as that for crisp sets if the values of the membership functions are restricted to either
0 or 1. Page 37. But since the inputs to the FLC are in the form of numerical variables (or in other
words, crisp sets), they need to be converted into linguistic variables. Greater is the number of poles,
lesser is the speed of the motor and vice-versa. The VFDs are now commonly applied to air handlers,
pumps and tower fans. An e-book—that is, a book that lacks a URL and that you use software to
read on a personal device or computer—is considered. For dynamic simulation of induction motors,
equation 4.3 or equation 4.4 may be used. For Later 100% 100% found this document useful, Mark
this document as useful 0% 0% found this document not useful, Mark this document as not useful
Embed Share Print Download now Jump to Page You are on page 1 of 93 Search inside document.
Single-phase induction motors are very similar to 3-phase induction motors. The amplitude of the
applied signal is adjusted by using pulse width modulation (PWM). Fig.2.10 shows the switching
signals for various power devices. These fuzzy sets, which usually carry names that conform to
adjectives appearing in our daily linguistic usage, such as “large”, “medium” or “small”, are called
linguistic values.
Thus to reduce this speed, the rotor starts running in the same direction as that of stator field and
tries to catch it. The intellectual pinnacles from the degree in Modern Languages and. Using the
back-propagation method, various kinds of neuro-controllers could be trained in such a way that the
desired plant output is attained as much as possible. The Fuzzy Logic Controller, however, portraits
a better response when the reference speed is changed (either decreased or increased with respect to
the base speed). This paper is focused on sliding mode control technique for induction motor. A
comparison has been done at various speeds (1000, 2000 rpm) at different load torques ranging from
0-10 N-m of BLDC Motor with PID controller based on and conventional PID controller. The
machine provides a desirable response after some time as the controller first has to learn from or
adjust according to the data provided by the user. This chapter also encompasses the controller
design with the help of MATLAB and the various steps used for the same. Hence, this controller can
be used for further applications. Apart from the scalar speed signals, all the variables are 2- element
vectors. 2.6 Summary This chapter throws light upon some of the basics of induction motor, which
include its constructional details, working and in particular its pluses over conventional dc motors.
Thus, the motor is completely utilized in this method. Figure 3.37:Torque-Speed Characteristics for
machine parameters as in Fig 3.32. External resistances can be connected in the rotor circuit during
starting. For the processes with variable time delays, varying plant parameters, large non-linearities
and considerable process noise, the PID controller does not give optimal performance. B. Ann based
PID intelligent control of BLDC motor BLDCM have been used as variable speed drives in wide
array of applications due to their high efficiency, silent operation, compact form, reliability, and low
maintenance. The reason for this is that during starting the machine passes through the unstable
region. 6.4 Conclusion The Fuzzy Logic Controller used in this simulation has some drawbacks
along with is advantages. All a fuzzy logic controller needs is a set of if-then rules and a knowledge
base, which can be easily provided by the programmer. The 49 rules shown in tabular form in section
5.4 are written in the program according to the syntax provided by MATLAB. Figure 2.2: Per phase
approximate equivalent circuit of a 3-. Besides, the transient response of such a control is sluggish
due to the predefined switching configuration of the inverter. The Voltage Source Inverter uses these
inputs to generate a three phase voltage whose frequency and amplitude can be varied by the Fuzzy
Logic Controller itself via the above mentioned process. The process control benefits that may be
provided by an adjustable speed drive are as follows: Smoother operation. This chapter also includes
information about the future scope of the designed controller. Page 18. The control of DC motors is
also simple and does not require complex hardware. Figure 3.16: Torque Vs Time graph for machine
parameters as in Figure 3.14. Figure 3.19:Torque-Speed Characteristics for machine parameters as in
Fig 3.14. In many cases, analysis of induction motors with space vector model is complicated due to.
Despite the name, BLDC motors are actually a type of permanent magnet synchronous motors. Fig
7: The concept of containment or subset Page 33. This type of control may be executed either in
open loop or in closed loop. The conventional PID controllers those are based on linear control
theory and are much easier to understand and implement but suffer the disadvantages when the
operating points of the process or the plant parameters are changed due to disturbances.
The conventional controllers designed to provide high performance increase the design complexity
along with the cost. The conventional methods of speed control of an induction motor were either
too expensive or too inefficient thus restricting their application to only constant speed drives. Figure
3.8: Parameters of 3-? induction motors (Medium stator inductance). Out of all the methods stated
for speed-regulation of an induction motor, the Page 28. Since, stator impedance drop is generally
negligible compared to terminal voltage V, the equivalent circuit can be simplified to that shown
below: Figure 2.2: Per phase approximate equivalent circuit of a 3- induction motor Rotor current ( )
(2.3) Power transferred to rotor (or air-gap power) (2.4) Rotor copper loss is (2.5) Electrical power
converted into mechanical power (2.6) Page 15. These rules portray a nonchalant relationship
between two inputs and an output, all of which are nothing but normalized voltages. The MATLAB
code is given in Appendix 4 and the output Torque-. Despite the name, BLDC motors are actually a
type of permanent magnet synchronous motors. One of the earliest controllers that were used for
control was the Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller. The torque and the flux
components can be controlled. However, this method has rather limited range of speed control. So,
to remedy this problem the adjustment techniques are developed. BLDCM drives were widely
employed in industry due to their intrinsic robustness and high torque-to-weight ratio. The usual
method of computation of mathematical model of the induction motor is difficult, due to the non-
linearity of motor dynamics. Each of them has to be designed based on the result that is desired from
the system. Page 43. A modern adjustable speed AC machine system is equipped with an adjustable
frequency drive that is a power electronic device for speed control of an electric machine. The
conventional PID controllers those are based on linear control theory and are much easier to
understand and implement but suffer the disadvantages when the operating points of the process or
the plant parameters are changed due to disturbances. It can be noted from the above diagram that
the higher side transistors are driven using PWM. Even if a model can be obtained for the system
under control, unknown conditions such as saturation, disturbances, parameter drifts, and noise may
be impossible to model with acceptable accuracy. This stator carries a 3 phase windings while rotor
carries winding from the short circuit called rotor winding. Excerpt from the Dissertation around the
Nature and academic Worth of Induction There’s two quite distinct processes through which your
brain moves in one acquisition to. The motor speed is synchronous with the applied voltage
waveforms and so is controlled by setting the frequency of the inverter switching sequence. Figure
4.6 Torque-Speed Characteristics with Starting Load Torque 1.5 Nm and Reference. The reference
signal for the closed-loop control of the. Figure 3.4: Torque Vs Time graph for machine parameters as
in Figure 3.2. The input derivative of speed error denoted by Change of error (?e), and The output
frequency denoted by Change of Control ( ). The former cannot operate at peak performance under
dynamically varying loads. For Later 100% 100% found this document useful, Mark this document
as useful 0% 0% found this document not useful, Mark this document as not useful Embed Share
Print Download now Jump to Page You are on page 1 of 93 Search inside document. Thus this
method of speed control has very limited applications. Differentiating T with respect to s and
equating to zero gives the slip for maximum torque.
Even this problem is eradicated if we use the d-q model. 4.4.1 d-q Equivalent Circuit In many cases,
analysis of induction motors with space vector model is complicated due to the fact that we have to
deal with variables of complex numbers. The commutation instants are determined by the rotor
position and the position of the rotor is detected either by position sensors or by Sensorless
techniques. The Field weakening is employed to increase the speed beyond a base peed. By defining
a characteristic function for each element in X, we can represent the classical set A by a set of
ordered pairs ( ) or ( ) which indicates or, respectively. Lab VIEW Software can be used for
continuous monitoring in an Real Time System applications. A better understanding of VFDs will
lead to improved application and selection of both equipment and HVAC systems. This paper is
intended to provide basic a understanding of common VFD terms, VFD operation and VFD benefits.
Figure 3.11: Stator Current Vs Time graph for machine parameters as in Fig 3.8. Apart from these
advantages, they have some unfavorable features like their time varying and non-linear dynamics.
We offer our heartiest thanks to our friends for their help in collection of data samples whenever
necessary. The d-q axes can be chosen to be stationary or rotating. The conventional controllers
designed to provide high performance increase the design complexity along with the cost. Expected
performance not being met due to the load disturbance, motor saturation and thermal deviations.
ELECTRICAL MACHINES. Contents. Overview of Three-Phase Induction Motor Construction
Principle of Operation Equivalent Circuit Power Flow, Losses and Efficiency. Established in 1946,
Kirloskar Electric was the catalyst for industrialization in India. Doctoral in mastering and
Leadership.dissertation induction training Diy resume template can one pay anyone to write a paper
for me personally help beginning an essay dissertation induction training phd thesis on gsm. Due to
this reason, earlier dc motors were applied in most of the electrical drives. Appendix 5:
MATLABCodeto observe the variations in q-axis and d-axis stator currents with. It should be noted
that d- and q-axes are defined on a rotating reference frame at the speed of ?a with respect to fixed
a-b-c frame. Page 59. Even if a model can be obtained for the system under control, unknown
conditions such as saturation, disturbances, parameter drifts, and noise may be impossible to model
with acceptable accuracy. It is called a rotating field since its poles do not remain in a fixed position
on the stator but go on shifting their positions surrounding the stator. The traditional per phase
equivalent circuit analysis of an induction motor has the disadvantage that it is valid only if the
system is a balanced one. These are: The input speed error denoted by Error (e). Also it is a fifth
order system making its dynamic response poor. The Bluetooth slave modem receives the command
from the mobile phone. The Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) owes its popularity to linguistic control. A
convenient and succinct way to define an MF is to express it as a mathematical function. The
program is saved as an FIS file and it is later embedded into the Fuzzy Logic Controller. For the
processes with variable time delays, varying plant parameters, large non-linearity and considerable
process noise, the PID controller does not give optimal performance. Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
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and its types skeletal system details with joints and its types Minaxi patil. The three phase voltage is
fed to the induction motor which then runs with a speed which tends to follow the desired speed
(reference speed, ).