Toric 1 STRUCTURAL STEEL STRUCTURAL, STEEL. ron. the dhe? component .of feel la the. latter part OF the. [eth centory ond ia the. carly ain ceahry., act iron ancl wrDugit ron were used «1. WaPiCUS types of reiges . Steel, an alloy of Frmerily.1ron mel ceartaon waitin eer impurities. vel less. carten, shan ection, was fist USE, i heowy conctrichen iin the Itty cantry. The characteristics of steel thor} are more imerest “ous. 1G “the -follouing {STRESS ~the rahe of tre owial kod ene (ese Schon ore = fe wre: bop via oot A cree chore ofa $F onal. facile chess ZASTRAIN =the TAH of ne axial deformation 40, jhe Original length of the. material. gx Ble. rece Bravia! etrain cm AL change. in length L o> eriginal.lengah. tie sheccarin geen 9 “ypiecl fa okel wom a6 ductile. mill cteel shown on tre side .. ind Co cr. | jvered comp rom a ea a ee + rman orcmng “Emenee Various pacts of the.aae ave, descritedl below tore Vncew port of fhe: eae is called tre, PROPORTIONAL HMIT., ovel ius re. relationship. tctrain 1 hcl fo Fol. HOOKE'S. LAW “The peote value immaacliaiely folmsing the: proparhoral. limit is cola, UPPER ELD FONT. O Foland jre opper Ye Fatt is the even Of the carve a tre, LONER YIELD TINT. for which the ShesS terrains, constant .eyert frag fhe shan continous fo increase Wwe corctant stress wgion ic collec! tne YIELD FLATEAU or PLASTIC RANGE 4 kS dre load increases. re shess Teockes He maxima. value wlocre te mertericn nil Pega “fo down ancl cuasequent willFRACTURE Tre highest arcinat. of the conte, ilect the ULTIMATE STRESS Shel thet. extinits this Behavior (Scales chile Beet Gf ife ability to. uekre> large. ceforrra- ~tions. kefore. Pochning. Dwchlity cam Le. jecsurecd by te clgshon aeined as. e- Lente i bo po sahere e+ elongation Compeessel as percent) Le leat of jie sprewen at-frechre |. [SAMPLE PROBLEM Of Le orgreal. length, Ob Gm: bong WE KOT IS Suspenctet fram one.cnd. A Tre. wanais. properties oF ehuchyeal tel, incheting loaet .0f 200.18 ic oppled.ctt tre. boHom of. The: shengin are! duchlity.,cre. cllermine! by tts. member Ifthe mactllus OF ebcticity. 1s 20067", chemca| Composition. Slee] 16 an ailoy » Hs cktermine. “tre folowing + Prrcipal component being. ion aural is the merrimun tensile ctest ? below E 200.6% Other commonly Used structural steels cre ASTM Bowed is the mesanom, hora ictrain.? A572 Goce &O ard AIM fap These he S steels are very similar .in. both tensile. pro~, NEN, = Perhies. ened Comical compasitcn witha mein. carbon conkent of 0237, & compa~ Member | WB x 7 ba eon Of the feaslie. properyics of ASG ,AST2 Apphed. lead “aoa tl Crack 50, and. ACL js. SPUN. in the. Yolde L on :enter operties Needed! . Require arwhat ip fhe, creveye Jere ir men? A 220 eo Smow tensile atest f+? Bo aiest is the “free. it the, moicer:? me» too xg Im. sirom, hormal sien 67 Nomen Prpertice | Required yeerbeen en. Pe? CouPuTAON: ecton POE 5s“ Vnotead + neo Liem | “ae eegl Piaes, 860N § 2 a trom 0 £ Sf) eum 03 Lipsey Yl] wise file Me, Bp zom 30 ceo bien ed peek & © ‘By bespechon. Yom & ele xi0 pm scene AS 200 x 107 Par be [6.4 oY -B84n), £2 610.0108 ao)\ ang 0 ee ate a L L=.3-689 se Foe Iraket Law’ Serie prope 02 | Au =k. 5. refi ek A chin in member #6 was, reser Yo be, 8x Bl me eae if the member is On 1-15 x Dx 6 of Ado stvel Pe C14 x IS?) a0 = O"NYas) (3b x10.” er) 386m chemiite, the totowing MeN? e127 HON |, say P= 127-4 EN. ‘Renker Description Lib xs0xb . E°2006F Shel Crade AiG ele! - shain,£ = 6 10°FSAUME FROBIEM 08 Beh OF the porel nts. acting entre ss shaun ig 20 Ire pment ¥en LOY xb oF AM, Stel ctetrmine doe falsai awed Ie he Stress int tranlocr A? ee Mencece. Properties shat. | Reinet Bo Sed nn Shets In morte AB f shai meiver, RB nen Morber Decription «vse x s0x6 Steel Grade." Ast clee| = 1 200.07 oe fmm eoLuTION Pep. of ihe ents trv mana Lint vps ox Mor, fe (6) CY) (20-20-20) does ee ite Pate? P2641 OCT, Tron fe fF BV vin S64 mn. 200 x 1A Fe [44 Mp yy Er As x10" yyWAU ay SAMPLE PROPLEM, OF ering ot derae HSt of Fecinen of -ontomen fmoteral yew Increace. OFF fee Of OT2E ny Tipu te gage tenga wow recorded thet lao rap am He Geenen chon a. 7M Pe gee: bret nese. 200 mm = (The gacged Woh Fe Theece vewseam oo marke flac along the length of the. specimen} a Bene en tie chet pants vihet te he Prerkive af, elachelty. 2 bi the reneiasit laeel meehee . beter’ troche Tee Sa aren j what is othe ible ease ‘chess? oven Member Besription: Glee) specionan IDinereter | a7. cone Lenatip . - 200r0m. tet bond P24 RN facreoce -In. langin..al. 5 0.1725 mw Prackre. [zoo Py» 6237 EN Recvired ‘g mectuh. Of elacticity . E b. ubtimerde cfrecs: fun? from AL 3E wae wie) peek 1 (@an x 10? 9) (200m). Cat £10 %m*)(0.1723 x10) = 203 x0" f° 203 Cf y 42:91 x12 N eT re tye. ada Mew. ypCUCULi1199777 ie { \ ‘VN Toric 2: cONCEPTS IY STRUCTURAL STEEL DESIGN, + Gesien. ccory “design OF & shiche member tai the section. of roses suckin sro wall fe py ene ecorowncay Tesiot te oppiiad woot was. core of cormineton may utimately effec the: choke of menom sat, tre recese bngns. wh es Scecton of the light crs sectional shape tat wil oo he ob —"Fonciamertal ropirenent oF shuckral Gecéan is het the reqareet shh nol excrete eneilabte sherah REQUIRED STRENGTH & AVAILABLE STRENGTIE TALOWADLE -sTENGTH. DesIeN (ASD) Tmemuer ie selected wot has, crass~sectional properties Glen es area. 4 manent, OF inertia tted ore, larce encugn te preverh the. RRaUmeD STRENGT & ALLOWABLE STRENGTH vohere AUDURBLE STRENGTH = oe saree NoMa SENET 3 FLASUC. DrsioN! “isedd on a consicleration. of feilre conettions rather than. working . [ech eOncitions - failure In -Wee, contort means either clase. or extremely large cteformation SOND P RESIETANEE. PACTOR. DESIGN Cine). es a toe ane Seas Ca So pee ee ot eg Ae eng at Pe SAS aie Sec he Red Tt FACTOR LOAD & TACTORED STRENGTH Gon LAO TATORE) & RESISTANCE x RESCSTINEE DATO: ON Gi shim So Re edn on a= ta ted Cane o et) Be. «ead teeter BS eee shh ae > tare ee Bo Tapthed ag am oF rc es LORD -TACTORS 4 LOAD COMBINATIONS: covmsnvanens 4. 242044616 05Gr eso) 3) 1a 46 Cir oro teow), 4 1205 1oWsUtOSGro Sec)CoMpNNaTION 5° 120 + 40E *L30.25 © = 0900+ 408 70900 * 106 Re Rain or. lee colt Ws Winel Lead Es berthquake or Ceeiepnc Load) D-one teat = Une Load Lr + ReDt ive Lod S Show load ASD. GAD COMBINATIONS coMemAMOn 4D D+L b+Ciror sor R) D+ 075 +075(Lr o's or R) Dt (oem or OFF) Gea: DF OML-1O7S (OG WIO7S Ur eS Gb’ D+O7FL4 O75 (OIE) OTS 748: 0-60 (oem o 0.78) Ra Bo rome eae F Be --rordver! sstrondtn, Cone a for LRP) A coumn Ccomprection member). in tne. UEC. storey of o Wiilelng le suject 4o-tre Pf oat eed aad “400 KN Roof Uve Load = 89 ¥H ve, Leacl +208 RN pertrguake Load = @10. KN la.tetermine the contig food cemianctien. for LRFD bee Correeponcting facterect joo! bi lp the resistance fecha 1s, 040, whet je te Required nominal shength © Delermine. the contralieg load. combinedion tor ASD Pte, ling peered ocd, aL Ae the. akety facta As. 67, Whett isthe required remirel shengHn kaart on-the: Feepiree! service Joad chength 2 + SOLUTION 4: Combination 4 4.4 E490) 68 KN, 24254 1OL40.5 (LR) = 12 (40) +16 (205)-+ 08 (82) = 428.5.KN CO LAD tele +L 212 (40) rhe (8) + 205 « 24 Ks) 2 (490)¢ 205 * OS (85) > 6255 EN co 12D +10R+L Ose > 412Cmo)t1 CIO) > 20s 40.25 1 403.261 6 0.404 LON 0-9 (490) = qUVKN 20.AD FEE” 0-7 CP) +10 aie?) of: dab tow tL yas en) OSI EN, FO #140325 KN Chighest)Rr 16s TEN e-Combrotion 1D + 490 EN. G2 Del” 440 + 208. - O45 KN Dice ere RY oO" C8S)> SIS KY C1 D+ OBL + 0% (ir 0 Sor F)= 90 40-15(205) + 0.7665) P7075 #N 5: D4 (Dew of Oe) 5 Hao 0.1(610).- 17H 490 - 0-7(6ia) > 62KN Wa D+ OGL +075 (044-0. Cur or S ot Re 4A0.t ors(ms)v 06 (85) «107.5 KN) SUMMARY. TABLE i [irre ne — ot | 440 © el | ox | tamtarastesiO | Ott | on [rere Dr (uers ere). | tab + ArLHOS Cur Sor 8) TED 408 rh +35 4 os: De (oe erate) pr0-ys +375 in oe lomorian [bs ets.t4.9-25 (06 2) ab Se Ip 0.75, ¥0-75(078 O} \ \ | Clio DF0-7EL + Oe (0 7SE DIES = 40 + 0,6 (206) ee O Co7 (610). = [486 675EN) tonss CRE: 040 to-48 COE) - OGM F101) = = ben a(ovon = Ore) yaw). | p.e(ae20-7(olo)= T2iAh | Ra 486) 82K, Bo. BBN D+ Deadtoad Lr hive teod Rar fo a7 (69; (TEN Urs Root Live oad a A S = Snow Load a= Re (02) feiss Fe oe eee) La Rr Rain or. ee coll ioe « OPAEN py wewind lod Rae 803. GON, ev bartapake fond