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    4 views307 pages

    6a9979d1-0d24-4528-9994-25a8dd94a86a

    Uploaded by

    naikkaran355

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Intermediate Second Year English Textbook Composition Comprehension Language and Usage Telangana State Nr ele men ured =e (tet (e) Telugu Akademi Hyderabad —TeluguAkademi Publication Intermediate Languages: English __INTERactive ENGLISH Intermediate Second Year English Textbook Prose Poetry Short Stories * Composition Comprehension Language and Usage EX, Telangana State Board of i (Gnd ie Intermediate Education ‘ : S37 Telugu Akademi Hyderabad \ \ Intermediate Second Year Textbook : En Nish Chief Editor : Prof. N. Krishnaswamy Editor: Prof. Lalitha Krishnaswamy. Material Developers: M. Malahal Rao, A, Parankusham P.Nageswara Rao, Vasanta Pingali, . \ Babu Rao, Dr E Srinivas Rao, A.Vishwestywara Shama, B.R Sulheer Reddy © Telangana State Board of Intermediate Eduewtidn, Hyderabad Published by the Telugu Akademi on behalf of \ the TS. Board of Intermediate Education, Hyiderabad Printing, Publication and Distribution rights are Exclusively with Telugu Akademi, Hyderabad, First Edition :2016 \ Revised Edition :2017 i Pages : Pp : xii +292 + iv 100,000 Price :& 92/. H Published by the TELUGU AKADEMI, Hyderabad- 500 029 under the Centrally Sponsored Scheme of Production of Books and Literature in Regional Languages at the University level of the Government of India in the Ministry of Human Resource Development, New Delhi. Copies All rights whatsoever in this book are strictly reserved and no Portion of it may be reproduced by any process for any purpose without the written permission of the copyright owners, Published, Printed & Distributed by TeluguAkademi \ Himayatnagar, Hyderabad - 500 029 Telangana, India ISBN 978 81 8180 322 2 Laser Typeset hy Telugu Akademi, Hyderabad Cover Design Akash Kotha, Akash Publishing Group, Hyderabad Printed in India Printed at M/s Joy 'n' Joy Offsct Printers, Hyderabad M/s Sri Kanakadurga Printers, Hyderabad TEXTBOOK COMMITTEE nt Chief Editor Prof. N. Krishnaswamy Former Professor, EFL University, Hyderabad Editor Prof. Lalitha Krishnaswamy Educationist and Author, Hyderabad Material Developers M. Malahal Rao, Former DVEO, R.R District & RIDIE (FAC), Warangal. A. Parankusham, FormerPrincipal, GJC, Dharmasagar & DVEO (FAC), Warangal. P.Nageswara Rao, Principal, GJC,Thungathurthi, Suryapet Dt. Vasanta Pingali, JL in English, MAM GJC Girls), Nampally , Hyderabad, V. Babu Rao, JL in English, GIC, Rangasaipet, Warangal Urban. Dr. E. Srinivas Rao, Asst. Professor, KGDC, Warangal Urban. A. Vishweshwara Sharma, Asst. Professor, GDC, Siddipet. B.R. Sudheer Reddy, school Assistant (English), Govt. (MAM) High School Suryapet. COORDINATING COMMITTE, Sanaa aad Telangana State Board of Intermediate Education Dr. A.Ashok,ras Secretary, Telangana State Board of Intermediate Education & Commissioner, Intermediate Education, Telangana State, Hyd. Educational Research and Training Wing Sri P.Narsimha Reddy Reader Smt. K. Vasundhara Devi Asst. Professor Sri. B. Upender Reddy Asst. Professor Telugu Akademi Sri A. Satyanarayana Reddy Director Dr.M. Venkatesam Coordinator Sri S. Bhoopal Reddy Coordinator «eRevision is one of the exquisite pleasures of writing.” Bernard Malamud Empowering Teachers and students alike The launch of INTERactive English: Books! & HinJune 2016 marked amilestone in the history of the fledgling] Board of Intern The release of the books was timed to commemorale the secondannivet the formation of the nation’s youngest state, Telangana. The objective in the preparation of the books was to provide an innovative and meaningful experience inthe studyof English forstudentsof land 2! Year Intermediate. The importance of English in the modemage cannot be overstated. Masteryof English isa gateway toimmensely rewardingand challengingjobs in various fields, whilelackofEnglish skills greatly diminishes one’sjob prospects. Englishisa vital tool forthe economic development of the: stateas wellas thenation. Further, E glish is the Jinguafranca across the globe. Insucha scenario ‘English for All” shouldbe our motto. In the ‘past, English may have been the language of the lite and was spoken mostly in ‘urbanareas. But the urban biasisrapidlyrecedingand, today, with the establishment of egalitarian socictiesand thespread of universal education, people ofall classes and backgroundsare clamouring for access to quality education in English. In this context, the policy decision oft ‘the Telangana government to provide free education fromK.GtoP.Gisbeinghailedasa game changer in the lives ofthe less privileged and the marginalized sections of: society. INTERactive English: Books I & 11 contain several features which setthem apart from other English textbooks. Aremarkable feature is that the books havebeencraftedandhoned bynoncotherthan J uniorCollege lecturers themselves. Allthe lecturers of the team have decades of rich and varied experience ofteaching Englishat the Intermediate level. Asaresult, not only do the lecturers have an intuitive understanding of the interests of: students but theyarealso well aware of the groundrealitiesand challenges involvedin teaching English. Theteam exercised great care nselecting essonsthatare instructive, interestingand imaginative. Besides, aneffort was made to select themes and issues that: students can readily understand and relate to, while avoiding esoteric: subjects and abstract ideas. Thetextbooksare truly ‘glocal’; theyare deep-rooted in the ‘local’ and, atthesame time, expose the learners tothe ‘global’. The creators of the teaching material have struck abalance between texts reflect ing Telangana cultureand texts from different parts ofthe world. Thereare Passages extolling Telangana festivals like Bathukamma and Sammakka § Jatara; a heart rending story “Parige’ which depicts the plight of Telangana dalts: informative pieces about the formation ofthe state of Telangana, the icons ofthe new stateand the visionary schemes ofthe government, suchas Mission Kakatiya. M loving from the regional to thenational, we have essays, poems and stories by writers like Ruskin Bond, Gulzar, Nehru and Premchand. Finally, at the intemational k el, literary giants like Shakespeare and Walt Whitman have been introduced, along with experimental writers like Edward Albee. Many exercises have been included in the texts, so that students can get adequate practice. Topics like interpretation ofnon-verbal dataand advertisements, filling bank formsand writingaC.V are instrumental in imparting useful practical skills to students, Ithas beena year since the textbooks were introduced and weare heartened by the warm and enthusiastic response from students and teachers alike. The encouragement has spurred the team of writers to review the texts thoroughly and make certain improvements whichhave further enhanced the standard of the books, The writers alsotook care to identi fyand reetify.a few errors that had inadvertently crept into the texts. The Board is deeply indebted to ProfAnnie Pothen (Retd), Osmania University, who meticulously went through every line ofboth the books and made extensive changes wherever necessary. Itishoped that the revamped textbooks will bereceived withkeen interest byall concemed. We look forward to your continued support and motivation. Happy Teaching and Happier Learning! Dr. A. Ashok, |-A.S. Secretary, Telangana State Board of Intermediate Education and Commissioner, Intermediate Education, Telangana State, Hyderabad FOREWORD “Revision is one of the exquisite pleasures of writing.” Bernard Malamud Empowering Teachers and students alike Thelaunch of INTERactiveEnglish: Books I & TinJune2016marked amilestonein thehistory of the fledgling Board of Intermediate, Telangana State. The release of the books was timed to commemorate the second anniversary of the formation of the nation’s youngest state, Telangana. The objective in the preparation of the books was to, provide an innovative: and meaningful experience inthe study of English forstudents of 1* and 2" Year Intermediate. The importance of English inthe modemage cannot be overstated. Mastery of English isa gateway toimmensely rewardingand challengingjobs in various fields, while lackof English skills greatly diminishes one’s job prospects. Englishisa vital tool forthe economic developmentof the stateas well asthe nation. Further, Englishis the linguafranca across the globe. Insucha scenario ‘English for All’ should be our motto. Inthe ‘past, English may have been the language of the elite and was spoken mostly in urban areas. But the urban biasis: rapidlyrecedingand, today, withtheestablishment ofegalitarian societies and the spread of universal education, people of all classes andbackgrounds are clamouring for access to quality education in English. Inthis context, the policy decision of the Telangana governmentto provide free education from K.Gto P.Gis being hailed asa gamechanger in the lives of the less privileged andthe marginalized sections of society. INTERactive English: Books I & Il contain several features which set them apart from other English textbooks. Aremarkable featurcis that the books havebeencrafted andhoned| bynoneotherthan Junior College lecturers themselves. Allthe lecturers of the team have decades of ‘rich and varied experience of teaching. English at the Intermediate level. As a result, not only do the lecturers havean intuitive understanding of the interests of students but they are also well aware of the; groundrealitiesand challenges involved in teaching English. The team exercised greatcarein selecting lessons thatare' instructive, interestingandimaginative. Besides, aneffortwas made to select themes and issues that students can readily understand andrelate to, whileavoiding esoteric: subjects and abstract ideas. The textbooks aretruly ‘glocal’; they are deep-rooted inthe ‘local’ and, atthe same time, expose the leamers tothe ‘global’, The creators ofthe teaching TELUGU AKADEMI NOTE EUG The Telugu Akademi came into existence as State Institute of Telugu Language in 1968, The main objective of the ‘Akademi is to publish text books, reference books and other reading material for the benefit of studentsand the teachers inthe higher education. ‘The Akademi has been publishing Telugu medium text books for all the optional subjects of Intermediate' Course since its inception. The Board of Intermediate Education has entrusted the work of publication ofall language text books'to Telugu ‘Akademi, inthe academic year 1995-96. Since then, the Akademi has been publishing the language text books and catering to the needs of the students in the State. ‘The Boardof Intermediate Education has revised thesyllabus of all language text books from the academic year 2015-16. Now after bifurcation of erstwhile state, the Telangana State Board of Intermediate Education has revised English Language Text Books and entrusted the same to Telugu Akademi for printing and distribution and accordingly the Akademi has taken up the task of publishing the 1 & 2 year English Text Books for the academic year 2016-17, along with other language books. ‘We thank the authors, editors and all other experts who have been involved in the preparation of this book. We: also thank the material developers, the Text Book development committee for their support. Our: ‘special thanks are due to the Secretary and Commissioner for his invaluable support and encouragement. ‘We do hope that this book designed for the course of Intermediate Education will serve the student community. We invite advice and suggestions from readers for the improvement of this book in terms. ofits standard and quality. ‘A.Satyanarayana Reddy Director TeluguAkademi PREFACE Self-help is the best help English, as all of us know, has become a global language—a language for upward mobility in career and society, the language of opportunities, the language of empowerment and a gateway to knowledge and to www: worldwideweb, In short, itisthe language which throws the entire world open. So, there is.a great desire for teaming how to communicate effectively in English, both in speech and in writing, Top-down was alw as wellas in education. Decision sions taken. This was the * the policy of the colonial masters, in administration Were made at the top and all others were asked to Itration policy’ of Lord Macaulay, i ive Council and the President neral Committee of Public Instruction: Macaulay himself prepared some Prose readers. The standard fare in th ‘cular’ Government curriculum of mid- nineteenth century consisted of selections by Gray, Milton's Paradise Lost, Shakespeare's Hamlet, Othello, and Macbeth, Addison's essays, Goldsmith's Citizen ofthe World, and the like. As a part of the top-down policy, three universities Were started in the Presidency cit of Bombay, Calcutta and Madras in 1857, and many more universities were subsequently started: Lahore University (1869), Punjab University (1882) and Allahabad university (1887); it was only later that English medium schools run by Christian Missionaries sprang up in and around the university towns as feeder institutions, Primary education was total ly neglected because the filtration policy never trickled down or it dried up on the way tothe ‘ground level”! Bottom-up, a policy advocated by Mahatma Gandhi, aimed at Swaraj or empowering people at the grass-roots level. It had political and social implications. Mahatma Gandhi stated in 1931: ‘The British administrators, when they came to India, instead of taking hold of things as they were, began to uproot them, They scratched the soil and began to look at the root like that, and the “beautiful tree* perished. The village schools were not good enough for the British Administrator, and he came out with his programme. ' (Dharampal, 1983). Gandhiji wanted to ensure self-governance and self-dependence; that was the basis of his idea of panchayat- nj. In the field of education too, teachers must be empowered at each level so that they become more confident and self-reliant. Generally, tll recently, teaching materials prepared/selected either by publishers orby Boards of Studies, consisting mostly of university teachers, were ‘given’ to teachers, who were ‘treated as ‘sales- Persons’ or ‘foot-soldiers’. They had no say in policy matters or in the selection of materials. Though some institutions were given ‘autonomy’, the situation continued to be the same. Self-governance in education as in other fields must be one of the basic aims of autonomy. This can be achieved only through the empowerment of teachers. INTERactive English: Nowy, an attempt has been made by the Board of Intermediate Education to produce textbooks for teaching English based on the principle of self-governance. The preparation of the present sct oflearning-teaching materials is based on the experience of the teachers who teach the learners at that level. The books have been prepared by the teachers for their learners. The material has been prepared by the “field-workers’, the Intermediate teachers themselves. They are the ones who wear the shoes and they know where the shoe pinches; they meet their learners every day and experience their level, their requirements, their leaming difficulties, and their learning styles. They are the ones in touch with the ground realities, They are the right people to prepare learning materials suitable to their learners. If given proper practice in materials production, they can produce the learning materials based on their local situation. Their involvement in the process of. creating materials will havea lasting effect in improving the quality of learning and teaching and making the teachers more responsible and the materials created will be more relevant and effective. This, in a way, is teacher training through materials production and when the trained ones start training other teachers, it will certainly have a ‘multiplier effect’. The outside ‘experts’ like senior Professors from universities and Degree Colleges can train them inthe production ‘of materials and guide them without imposing their ideas on them. With this approach in view, the Telangana State Board of Intermediate education, under the inspiring guidance of DrA. Ashok, I.A.S.,the Secretary of the Board, undertook the task of preparing the two textbooks forthe first and the second year of the Intermediate course. The entire work—selection of passages, poems, short stories, grammar units, and all exercises and learning activities—has been carried out by the teachers at the Intermediate level under the guidance of some experienced editors. Theteachers who produced the book deserve all encouragement and appreciation, We commend all the members of the team for their dedication and hard work in spite of all other commitments like examination work and administrative responsibilities. We do hope these books prove to be very enjoyable as well as effective and get acceptance among the students and fellow teachers at the Intermediate level. N. Krishnaswamy Former Professor, CIEFL (now EFLU), Hyderabad Presently, Emeritus Professor, JVB University, Rajasthan ChiefEditor ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thanks are due to: Dra. Ashok, 1.A.S., the Secretary, Telangana State Board of Intermediate Education, and Commissioner, Intermediate Education, Telangana State, for his inspiring leadership, constant encouragement and enlightened guidance; but for his initiative and drive this entire project of empowering Junior College teachers and the preparation of the two books could not have materialized. Prof. N. Krishnaswamy, who is not only the Chief Editor butalsoa mentor, motivator, planner, coach, and guide. Thanks for all the inspiration, guidance, and quality editing. Prof. Lalitha Krishnaswamy, the other half, for the guidance and help in editing. The team of Material Developers particularly M. Malahal Rao, A. Parankusham, P. Nageswara Rao, V. Babu Rao, B.R. Sudheer Reddy for their dedicated work and completing the entire book in record time. They have shown what the Junior college teachers can accomplish. Hope they inspire others. The team of ERTW from BIE for their coordination and cooperation in bringingout this textbook. ‘The layout designers - Ms, L. Durga, Ms. V. Aruna, Ms, M. Padma, Ms. K. Saraswathi, Ms. G. Bhudevi and Mr. S. Koteswara Rao for the quality production and for getting the book ready ina short time. Director Telugu Akademi Hyderabad ANNUAL ACADEMIC PLAN ENGLISH - II Year woe 2016-2017 Month’Na of a Language, Usage, and Prose Short Story ime Tm 2daye advantage ma ee Tractor Tapwave off mplsh Langone and tate O) Varous types ofactnv is reliting to Language, Compost and Tenis I Intewdocton & Comrgrchainn inti the min-vntal dts (4) Gonnpaehenstnn Syllabus a Question Paper Paster (3) fa Panett Vocsbulan 1), TCekebeate The Tay Who Broke | Moshe $1 © Myst (4) the Mask ) Comprehension Pas Understantiog Advertisements 5) Actives? Aaisiiest Activities? Act 2days Wests vt Compreheusinn e480) | Understanding The Nageal | Parke (3 Earth oy ‘Oppertwaties foe Youth (6) Actvivest Aainitiest Dikys ISdays Speke Tos, wih RESON et iret) | Nahi VT ‘Oxcker Love(6) Comperhursion Pos : 102) Leter Writne Activin Woe vr Comprehension Pas. MRSC Leter Waite C Actives” one Ate tobe Sen(4) Aatvtiest Pottingthe | Footprintsin the | The avakeniag 3) ] Alina inVormecc World (5) Sand (4) Resume (2) Aainitiest Aaaiviiese Activites? _ December The Sandton ] what Rnd or Sites | Walrgse Weiner) Days Place? (4) Don't Diel (5) Wordatress(s) Activites? Aaivitiest Aasiviiest Actives fone thea Praciebed 3 Describing a Proce 17 activities (1) ativties @) Actiaties (1) Idlers and Phesscei Notesrmking (3) Ve Pats (3) | Fetmamry ] Actvitenrelnalio Pane Woxty sai Shor enatenae™ ———] Baws Esphiningiariavies of IPE Question Pp : Activities* > Prose Lesson: Listening, Speaking, Reading, Writing and Understanding bated on the act ti given under each lesson including answers to Annotations and Paragraph Questions, > Poem ; Reading aloud for musical sounds of the rhymes and rhythms. Appreciating the pam including answers to Annotations and Paragraph Questions, > Short Story: Reading end Understanding including answers to Paragraph Questions > — Composition and Study Skills : Teaching Composition and Study Skills through textus! ex

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