CHO DY NA MIC

PSY
APPRO AC H
F r e u d i a n _
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 Table of contents
01 Origins of approach & Theory

02 Major constructs

03 Therapeutic techniques
 01
ORIGINS
OF
APPROACH
&
THEORY
Introduction about
origins
Descendants of the original psychoanalytic
approach developed by Sigmund Freud in the
late 1800s
One of the major traditions within
contemporary counselling and psychotherapy
Although has its origins in the ideas of
Sigmund Freud, current theory and practice
have gone far beyond Freud’s initial
formulation
Freud himself was the first one to use the term
psychodynamic, was influenced by the theory
of thermodynamics
Sigmund Freud
1856 - 1939
Introduction about
theory
Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalysis was the
original psychodynamic theory
“Psychodynamic” not only includes the therapy
developed by Freud, but also includes others
theories developed by Jung, Adler, Anna
Freud,...
According to psychodynamic approach,
human fuctioning based upon the interaction
of drives and forces (espescially the
unconscious), and between the different
structures of the personality
The words psychodynamic and psychoanalytic
are often confused Still Sigmund Freud
but wearing glasses.
 02
Main constructs

Anna Freud John Bowlby Alfred Adler

Defense machanism Attachment theory Birth order
 a c h a n i s m
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( F re u d , 1 93 6
awareness
 Attachment theory
Attachment theory focuses on:
relationships
bonds (particularly long-term)

Background
British psychologist John Bowlby is widely recognized as the first
attachment theorist. He focused on understanding the distress
and anxiety experienced by children when separated from their
primary caregivers.
Stages of Attachment
 Pre-Attachment Stage
From birth to 3 months, infants do not show any particular attachment
to a specific caregiver. The infant's signals, such as crying and fussing,
naturally attract the attention of the caregiver and the baby's positive
responses encourage the caregiver to remain close.

Indiscriminate Attachment
Between 6 weeks of age to 7 months, infants begin to show
preferences for primary and secondary caregivers. While they still
accept care from others, infants start distinguishing between familiar
and unfamiliar people, responding more positively to the primary
caregiver.
 Discriminate Attachment
At this point, from about 7 to 11 months of age, infants show a strong
attachment and preference for one specific individual. They will
protest when separated from the primary attachment figure and begin
to display anxiety around strangers.

Multiple Attachments
After approximately 9 months of age, children begin to form strong
emotional bonds with other caregivers beyond the primary attachment
figure. This often includes a second parent, older siblings, and
grandparents.
 Factors That Influence
Attachment
Opportunity for attachment:
Children who do not have a primary care figure, may fail to
develop the sense of trust needed to form an attachment.

Quality caregiving:
When caregivers respond quickly and consistently, children learn
that they can depend on the people who are responsible for their
care.
 Quote
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03
THERAPEUTIC
TECHNIQUES
 A primary goal is to help clients become more aware of the
unconscious aspects of their personalities, including repressed
memories and wishes too painful or threatening to have been
dealt with initially.

Goals
Psychoanalytic and psychodynamic approaches
stress environmental adjustment, especially in
the areas of work and intimacy. The focus is on
strengthening the ego so that perceptions and
plans become more realistic.
 Typical Techniques

Free association Dream Analysis of Analysis of Inter-

analysis transference resistance pration
Repressed Clients report Transference Sometimes clients Interpretation is
material in the dreams to their denotes a client’s make initial part of the other
unconscious is therapists on a respone to a progress while techniques already
always seeking regular basis clinician as if the undergoing examined and
release clinician were psychoanalysis or complementary to
some significant spychodynamic them
figue in the treatment and
client’s past, then slow down or
usually a parent stop
figure
Bibliography
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adipiscing elit. Vivamus quis ultrices felis.
Fusce sapien nunc, posuere at mauris sed,
sagittis luctus erat. Integer sollicitudin
pellentesque dolor ac suscipit. Duis quis
commodo mauris.
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