TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXPERIMENT 4 LAB REPORT

Compression Test on CHB (4” and 6”)

EXPERIMENT 10 LAB REPORT

Field Density Test by Sand Cone Replacement Method

EXPERIMENT 7 LAB REPORT

Determination of Time Setting Using Vicat Needle and Gilmore
Apparatus

EXPERIMENT 8 LAB REPORT

Designing And Making Of Concrete Beam Samples w/ Slump Test

Experiment 4 Laboratory report

I. Tools and Equipment used

The materials that are going to be used in the experiment are the following:
A. CHB (Concrete Hollow Block) Sample, 4” and 6”
B. Compression Testing Machine
C. Vernier Caliper
D. Steel Meter Scale
E. Weighing Scale

II. Experiment Objectives

The objective of this experiment is to determine the concrete hollow blocks'

compressive strength by conducting a variety of systematic tests, such as weighing,
measuring the blocks' dimensions, capping, and compression testing.

III. Methodology

Detailed Procedure for Concrete Block Testing:

1. Gather All Materials
2. Prepare Samples for Evaluation
3. Weigh CHB 4” sample
4. Measure CHB Dimensions and Thickness
5. Compression Testing
6. Removing from Testing Machine
7. Repeat for the 6” sample.

IV. Raw Data, Computations and Results

RAW DATA

TABLE 1: RECORDED DATA OF 4” CHB

4” CHB

Sample 1 Sample 2 Average

Weight, in (g) 5980 g 6080 g 6030 g

Length, in (mm) 390 mm 390 mm 390 mm

Width, in (mm) 85 mm 84 mm 84.5 mm

Height, in (mm) 178 mm 180 mm 179 mm

Shell Thickness (mm) 13.208 mm 15.196 mm 14.202 mm

Web Thickness (mm) 18.895 mm 19.125 mm 19.01 mm

Maximum compression 14100 N 15500 N 14800 N

load, lb (N)

TABLE 2: RECORDED DATA OF 6” CHB

6” CHB

Weight, in (g) 9960 g

Length, in (mm) 390 mm

Width, in (mm) 141 mm

Height, in (mm) 187 mm

 Shell Thickness (mm) 20.138 mm

Web Thickness (mm) 23.719 mm

Maximum compression load, lb 36900 N

(N)

TABLE 3: CALCULATED DATA OF 4” AND 6” CHB

Experimental

4” CHB 6” CHB

Cross Sectional Area, in² (mm²) 15343.1 mm^2 25263.93 mm^2

Compressive Strength, psi (MPa) 0.96 MPa 1.461 MPa

Theoretical

4” CHB 6” CHB

Compressive Strength, psi (MPa) 0.75 MPa 1.9 MPa

V. Results Analysis and Discussion (1 Paragraph minimum of 5 sentences)

VI. Conclusion (1 Paragraph minimum of 5 sentences)

VII. Reference Standard (APA Citation)

 Experiment 10 Laboratory report
FIELD DENSITY TEST BY SAND CONE REPLACEMENT METHOD

I. Tools and Equipment used

The materials that are going to be used in the experiment are the following:
○ Sieved Sand
○ Digging Materials
○ Sand Cone
○ Base Plate
○ Container
○ Soil Sample
○ Weighing Balance
○ Soil Drying Oven
○ Graduated Cylinder

II. Experiment Objectives

The experiment’s objectives are to determine the soil density of the location that
the researcher or group have obtained in the soil sample and evaluation of the soil
sample’s density if it corresponds to the standards and specifications.

III. Methodology

Determination of the Density of Sand

● Weigh the empty sand container and measure its volume using water with the
use of graduated cylinder.
● Fill the container with sieved sand, weigh it, and calculate the density of the sand
sample.

Calibration of the Sand Cone Device

 ● Fill the container with sand through the sand cone, and weigh them.
● Invert the container with sand cone on base plate, placing its funnel in the center
hole.
● Open the valve and let sand flow.
● Close the valve after the flow stops, and weigh the remaining sand inside the
container.
● Solve for the mass of the sand inside the sand cone device.
● Repeat at least three times for accuracy.

Experiment Proper

● Select an area with enough soil.

● Level the ground using a base plate.
● Secure the base plate firmly in place.
● Dig a 15 cm deep hole in the base plate, with a flat or concave bottom.
● Place the soil sample on a tray.
● Clean the base plate and position the sand-cone with its funnel on the center
hole of the base plate.
● Fill the hole with sand, and stop the flow once complete.
● Measure the mass of the sand left on the container.
● Weigh the moist soil sample.
● Dry the soil sample in the oven for 24 hours, then measure its weight.
● Calculate the moisture content.

IV. Raw Data, Computations and Results

TABLE 1.1 : RECORDED DATA OF EQUIPMENTS

Container (g) 340 g

Sand Cone (g) 1680 g

Tray (g) 260 g

Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average

Calibration of the Sand Cone Device

1 Mass of sand + container + cone before pouring on table (m1) (g) 9420 9680 9660 9586.667
2 Mass of remaining sand + container + cone after pouring on table (m2) 8180 8460 8380 8340.000
(g)
3 Mass of sand in filling the funnel and base plate (m3) (g) (m1 - m2) 1240 1220 1280 1246.667

Determination of bulk density (ρ)

4 Mass of sand + container + cone before pouring in hole (m4) (g) 9660.000

5 Mass of remaining sand + container + cone after pouring in hole (m5) 5220.000
(g)
6 Mass of sand (ms) (g) (m4 - msand cone - mcontainer) 7640.000

7 Mass of sand in hole (mh) (g) (m4 - m5 - m3) 3193.333

8 Volume of container (Vc) (ml) 5300 5360 N/A 5330.000

9 Bulk density of sand ( ρ s) (g/cm3) 1.433 g/cm3

ms
( )
Vc
1 mh 2228.425
0 Volume of hole (Vh) (ml) (
ρs
)
Determination of water content (w)
1 Mass of soil sample (mss) (g) 3900.000 g
1
1 Mass of dry soil sample (mds) (g) 3200.000 g
2
1
3
mss 1.750 g/cm3
3 Bulk density of soil (ρ) (g/cm ) (
Vh
)
1 Water content (w) (%) 21.875%
4 mss −mds mss
( ∨ −1)
mds mds
Determination of Dry Density (ρd)
1 Dry density of soil (ρd) (g/cm3) 1.436 g/cm3
5 m ds
( )
Vh
TABLE 1.2: RECORDED DATA OF EXPERIMENT

V. Results Analysis and Discussion (1 Paragraph minimum of 5 sentences)

VI. Conclusion (1 Paragraph minimum of 5 sentences)

VII. Reference Standard (APA Citation)

ASTM D1556-07. Standard Test Method for Density and Unit Weight of Soil in Place by
Sand-Cone Method. ASTM INTERNATIONAL

ASTM D4914/D4914M − 16. Standard Test Methods for Density of Soil and Rock in Place by
the Sand Replacement Method in a Test Pit. ASTM INTERNATIONAL

Lunstroth, R., O’Toole, M. C., & Simbler, M. (2019). Optimum Moisture Content and
Maximum Dry Unit Weight for Compaction of Interdisciplinary Science Center Soil. EWU
Digital Commons.

EXPERIMENT 7
DETERMINATION OF TIME SETTING OF CONCRETE USING VICAT NEEDLE AND
GILMORE APPARATUS

I. Tools and Equipment used

A. Flat Trowel
B. Water (170mL)
C. Cement (650 grams)
 D. Timer
E. Surgical and Construction Gloves
F. Conical Ring
G. Specimen Mold For Method B
H. Vicat Needle Apparatus
I. Gillmore Apparatus
J. Non-absorptive plate

II. Experiment Objectives

Our objective for this experiment is to find the time of setting of the hydraulic
cement by Vicat Needle and Gilmore Needles and to determine the initial and final
setting time of hydraulic cement through the use of a manual Vicat Needle.

III. Methodology
● Prepare an empty container and weigh.
● Measure 650g of cement
● Using a graduated cylinder, measure 170mL of water
● Gradually add the measured water to the cement, ensuring thorough mixing.

Using Vicat Apparatus:

● Mold cement into a ball, toss it 6 times (150 mm distance), and press it into the
conical ring.
● Leave in moist area for 30 mins, measure 1 mm needle penetration every 15 mins until ≤
25 mm
● Conduct penetration test: lower needle, tighten, and release after 30 seconds,
then record penetration.
● Ensure tests are 10 mm from the inner mold side and 5 mm from prior
penetrations.
● Track outcomes, interpolate to find Vicat time of setting (≤ 25 mm penetration).

Vicat Final Time of Setting:

● Identify the final set as the first partial circular impression on the sample surface.
● Confirm with two more readings within 1 min and 30 secs.
● Final time of setting is the amount of time since cement-water contact.

Using Gillmore Apparatus:

● Mix cement and mold creating a flat-tapered pat.
● Construct a flat-top path with tapered sides leading to the thin edge of a non-
absorptive plate, ensuring to meet test dimensions.
 ● Flatten paste, draw pat, place in damp cabinet or room and let it stay, with the
exception of time during time setting determination.
● Lightly press the needle vertically on the pat's surface to determine the initial time
of setting.
● Initial set is the first non-fully circular impression, confirmed with two more
readings.
● Gillmore starting time of setting is the time since cement-water contact.

Gillmore Final Time of Setting:

● Use Final Gillmore needle to find the final set (first non-partial circle impression).
● Confirm with two readings, first within 90 secs.
● Gillmore final time of setting is the time since cement-water contact.

IV. Raw Data, Computations and Results

VICAT NEEDLE APPARATUS (THIN)

TIME AT WHICH WATER IS ADDED TO CEMENT = 10:46 AM
TIME AT TAKING INITIAL SETTING READING = 11:32 AM
TIME AT TAKING FINAL SETTING READING = 1:04 PM

VICAT NEEDLE APPARATUS (THICK)

TIME AT WHICH WATER IS ADDED TO CEMENT = 10:46 AM
TIME AT TAKING INITIAL SETTING READING = 11:41 AM
TIME AT TAKING FINAL SETTING READING = 12:42 PM

GILMORE APPARATUS
TIME AT WHICH WATER IS ADDED TO CEMENT = 11:20 AM
TIME AT TAKING INITIAL SETTING READING = 11:55 AM
TIME AT TAKING FINAL SETTING READING = 1:30 PM

TABLE 1.1 (Vicat Needle)

VICAT NEEDLE PENETRATION

TIME (mins) THIN (mm) THICK (mm)

15 45 32
 30 44 34

45 42.5 34

60 25 33

75 16 34

90 20 38

105 44 40

120 45 40

135 45

(ngano gapadako ang penetration glenn?

Reading ang gi input nila sa data dili katong unsa kalayo ni penetrate i think
Or dapat jud ang kalayo sa iyang na penetrate?
Di sab ko sure ay
READING RA DIAY ELA NAG TANAW KO SA PIKAS VID
TABLE 1.2 (Gillmore Apparatus)

GILLMORE APPARATUS PENETRATION

TIME (mins) NEEDLE (mm)

15 MAXIMUM POINT

30 MAXIMUM POINT

45 MAXIMUM POINT

Table 2 (Results)

VICAT THIN NEEDLE VICAT THICK NEEDLE GILLMORE APPARATUS

INITIAL FINAL INITIAL FINAL INITIAL FINAL

46 mins 138 mins 55 mins 116 mins 35 mins 130 mins

Calculations

Vicat Needle Thin

INITIAL SETTING
11:32 AM - 10:46 AM
(11(60)+32) - (10(60)+46)
= 46 mins

FINAL SETTING
1:04 PM - 10:46 AM
(13(60)+4) - (10(60)+46)
= 138 mins

Vicat Needle Thick

INITIAL SETTING
11:41 AM - 10:46 AM
(11(60)+41) - (10(60)+46)
= 55 mins

FINAL SETTING
12:42 PM - 10:46 AM
(12(60)+42) - (10(60)+46)
= 116 mins

Gillmore Apparatus

INITIAL SETTING
11:55 AM - 11:20 AM
(11(60)+55) - (11(60)+20)
= 35 mins
 FINAL SETTING
1:30 PM - 11:20 AM
(13(60)+30) - (11(60)+20)
= 130 mins

V. Results Analysis and Discussion (1 Paragraph minimum of 5 sentences)

VI. Conclusion (1 Paragraph minimum of 5 sentences)
VII. Reference Standard (APA Citation)

ASTM C266 − 21 Standard Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic-Cement Paste by
Gillmore Needles. ASTM INTERNATIONAL.

ASTM C191 − 21. Standard Test Methods for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat
Needle. ASTM INTERNATIONAL.

EXPERIMENT 8
DESIGNING AND MAKING OF CONCRETE BEAM SAMPLES W/ SLUMP TEST

I. Tools and Equipment used

● Oil for Mold (Beam)

● Fine Aggregate
● Coarse Aggregate
 ● Water
● Cement [BLENDED CEMENT TYPE 1T, TERNARY BLENDED CEMENT
(TUFFACEOUS SHALE + FLY ASH/SLAG/LIMESTONE)
● Beam Mold
● Shovel
● Slump Cone
● Tamping Rod
● Mixing Pan
● Mallet
● Trowel
● Sieve
● Meter Stick
● Container
○

II. Experiment Objectives

This experiment aims to design and make concrete beam samples that are of
excellent condition for practical usage in the construction field using the class ratio and
to test the samples' workability using slump test and determine whether the concrete
beam samples passed the standard specifications for slump test.

III. Methodology

Procedures in chronological order:

1. Measure the beam mold's length and depth before starting
2. Use the class ratio, 1 : 1.5 : 1.5, for the amount of cement, fine aggregate,
coarse aggregate, and water.
3. MIx cement, fine and coarse aggregate, then add water gradually to create a
homogeneous mixture.
4. For the slump test, place the slump cone on a level surface, then pour concrete
inside while rotating the cone's mouth to distribute it evenly.
5. With the tamping rod, strike the interior concrete 25 times to fill every inch..
6. Repeat steps 4 and 5 three times each to have three lifts of concrete inside the
slump cone.
7. Lift the mold after striking off the mold.
8. The next step would be to oil the inside faces of the beam molds after they had
passed the slump test.
9. Fill the mold with the first layer of concrete mixture.
10. Tamp it down with a tamping rod 60 times.
11. Use the mallet and tap the mold's sides.
12. For the second layer, repeat steps 10 - 12.
13. Use a trowel to flatten the concrete mixture.
14. Cure the samples for 24hrs by setting them aside.
 15. Soak the concrete beam into the curing area for 28 days.
16. Record and interpret all necessary data.

IV. Raw Data, Computations and Results

TABLE 1: Dimensions of the Beam Mold and Container (in cm)

Length Width Height Volume Total Volume

Beam mold 53.5 cm 15.5 cm 15.5 cm 12853.375

Rectangular 22.8 cm 15.4 cm 5.3 cm 1860.936

container

V T =V (1.54)(3)note: assuming a54 % shrinkage factor

V R=lwh

TABLE 2: Data for the Mixture

Mixture Data

Cement (kg) 21.38 kg

Sand (container) 12

Gravel (container) 12

TABLE 3: Data for Slump Test

Slump of Concrete (mm) 4 inch

Slump Type True Slump

COMPUTATIONS:

V. Results Analysis and Discussion (1 Paragraph minimum of 5 sentences)

VI. Conclusion (1 Paragraph minimum of 5 sentences)
VII. Reference Standard (APA Citation)