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ABSTRACT:
Herbs are well known for their medicinal values and they are used for the same purpose since many years. Ocimum
Sanctum Linn (Tulsi) is one of the common herbs for its various medicinal applications. Eugenol is the important
ingredients found in tulsi. In this work, efforts have been made to extract eugenol by solvent extraction from tulsi
leaves. The extracted samples were analysed with GC for determination of eugenol content. Kinetic model has been
used to analyze the experimental data.
-------------------- (7)
By transforming Eq. (7), a linear form shown in
Eq. (8) can be obtained and the extraction rat
can be written as Eq. (9):
--------------------
Figure 1: Batch extraction setup (8)
2.2. Analysis
Extracted samples were analysed by gas
------------- (9)
chromatography technique (GC) with TCD as
The initial extraction rate, h, as Ct/t when t
detector and capillary column of 25 m long. The
approaches 0, can be defined as:
oven, injector and detector temperatures were
----------------------- (10)
maintained at 2000 C. Nitrogen were used as
and, the concentration of solute at any time can
carrier gas.
be expressed after rearrangement
as:
85
E x tr a c ti o n o f e u g e n o l (% )
------------------ (11)
The initial extraction rate, h, the extraction 80
500 rpm
capacity, Cs, and the second-order extraction 700 rpm
rate constant, k, can be determined 1000 rpm
experimentally from the slope and intercept by 75
REFERENCES
[1] K R, Kirtikar, B D Basu, “Ocimum sanctum in
Indian Medicinal Plants” (Published by LB
Basu, Allahabad), 1965.
[2] Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary,
Cambridge University Press, headword “herb”.
[3] S. Anandjiwala, J. Kalola, M. Rajani,
“Quantification of eugenol, luteolin, ursolic acid,
and oleanolic acid in black (Krishna Tulasi) and
green (Sri Tulasi) varieties of ocimum sanctum
linn using high-performance thin layer
chromatography”, J AOAC Int, 89 (6), 1467-
1474, 2006.
[4] J.F. Carris, and K.S.Bhaskar, (1955), (Periodical
Experts Book Agency)Vol 3.
Figure 4: Comparison between experimental and [5] P. D Nadig, S. Laxmi, “Study of anti-tussive
model values of eugenol concentration at 700 rpm activity of ocimum sanctum linn in guinea pigs”,
agitation speed Indian J. Physiol Pharmacol, 49 (2), 243-245,
2005.
[6] P. Prakash, N. Gupta, “Theruptic uses of
Ocimum Sanctum Linn.(Tulsi) with a note on
eugenol and its pharmaceutical actions: A short
review”, Indian journal of Physiol Pharmacol,
pg.125-131, 2005.
[7] B.K. Jadhav, K.R Khaandelwal, A.R Ketakr,
S.S. Pisal, “Formulation and evaluation of
mucoadhesive tablets containing eugenol for
treatment of periodontal diseases”, Drug dev.
Ind. Pharma 30, pg. 195-203, 2004.
[8] A. Bennett, I. F. Stamford, I.A. Tavares, S.
Jacobs, F. Capasso, N. Macolo, G. Autore, V.
Romono “ The biological activity of Eugenol, a
major constituent of nutoncy ; studies on
Figure 5: Comparison between experimental and protsaglandins, the intestine and other tissus.”
model values of eugenol concentration at 1000 Phytotherapy Research, 2, pg. 124-130, 1998.
rpm agitation speed [9] D.A. Right, J.P. Payne, “A clinical study of
intravenous anaesthesia with a eugenol
[III] CONCLUSIONS derivative”, British Journal of Anasthesia 34, pg.
379-385, 1962.
Extraction of eugenol from leaves of Ocimum [10] Eugenol oil overdose, New York Times Health
Sanctum Linn (Tulsi) was done with methanol Guide.
as solvent. Agitation speed not influencing much [11] S. V. Taralkar, D.J. Garkal, “Solid-liquid
extraction process of active ingredients from
on extraction capacity of eugenol. The kinetic
medicinal plants–mathematical models”,
model used fits very well with experimental International Journal chemical sciences and
data. applications, vol. 1, pg. 82-85, 2010.
ACKNOLEDGEMENTS [12] H. Adamou, Harouna- Ocmarou, H. Fauduet,
Cambridge Porte, “Kinetic and model building
The authors are thankful to AICTE for providing
of leaching of water soluble compounds of Tilia
financial assistance in terms of MODROD project. Sapwood”, Separation and Purification
Authors are also thankful to management of MAE, Technology 45, pg. 169-173, 2005.
Alandi for providing the research facilities to carry [13] L. Rakotondramasy-Rabesiak, J. Havet, C.
out this work. Porte, H. Fauduet, “Solid-liquid extraction of
protopine from Fumaria officinalis L.-
experimental study and process optimization”,
Sep. and Puri. Tech. 59, 253-261, 2008.