Science 6

Science – Grade 6
Quarter 3 – Module 16: Simple Machines

First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Alfredo H. Dones
Editors: Joewel M. Armas, Rose Ann B. Pamintuan
Reviewers: Liza A. Alvarez, Janeth D. Morte
Illustrator: Edison P. Clet
Layout Artist: Margie A. Rosario
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Carolina T. Rivera, CESE
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Manuel A. Laguerta, Ed. D.
Chief - Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

1. Librada L. Agon, Ed. D., EPP/TLE
2. Liza A. Alvarez, Science
3. Bernard R. Balitao, Araling Panlipunan
4. Joselito E. Calios, English
5. Norlyn D. Conde, Ed. D., MAPEH
6. Wilma Q. Del Rosario, LRMS
7. Ma. Teresita E. Herrera, Ed. D., Filipino
8. Perlita M. Ignacio, Ph. D., ESP/SPED
9. Dulce O. Santos, Ed. D., Kinder/MTB
10. Teresita P. Tagulao, Ed. D., Mathematics

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 Science 6
Quarter 3
Self-Learning Module 16
Simple Machines
e
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Science 6 Self-Learning Module 16 on Simple Machines!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and
reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Science 6 Self-Learning Module 5 on Simple Machines!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

This module will focus simple machines.

After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. define and describe the types of simple machines;
2. classify the different kinds of simple machines; and
3. apply practical and safe use of simple machines.

PRETEST

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the letter of your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. What simple machine is provided for a person who is physically

challenged when using the sidewalk?
A. wheel and axle
B. inclined plane
C. screw
D. lever

2. What kind of simple machine is the needle used for mending clothes?
A. lever
B. pulley
C. screw
D. wedge

3. Why is it easier to lift an object with a fixed pulley?

A. Less force is needed.
B. There is less friction.
C. It makes object moves fast.
D. The weight of the object is less.

4. What tool do you need to pull a nail from a piece of wood?

A. axe
B. hammer
C. knife
D. scissors
 5. When you use simple machines, you use less force. Why?
A. The machine does all the work.
B. The machine destroys the force.
C. The machine increases the force.
D. The machine decreases the force.

RECAP

In our previous lesson, you have learned that energy can be

transformed and can form new type or form of energy.

Now, let us try to do a simple activity to help you recall your past lesson.
Ready? Get a piece of paper and pen and be ready to write your answer.

Identify the transformation of energy shown in the pictures below.

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/6756
10381577476442/

1. From electrical energy to __________ energy

https://bedfordguitarteacher.club/g
uitar-upgrade/

2. From mechanical energy to __________ energy.

 https://sg.news.yahoo.com/partially
-operational-2021-mrt-7-
020012655.html

3. From electrical energy to ______________ energy.

https://clipartion.com/free-
clipart-13814/

4. From electrical to _________________ energy.

https://sollunasolar.com/2017/07/1
3/solar-pv-inspections/

5. From solar energy to ________________energy

It is good to know that you really learned a lot from your previous
lesson. I know you are excited to learn the new topic.
 LESSON

Simple machines are devices or tools

that facilitate or make work easier. These
machines can transform and transfer energy,
multiply speed or force, and change the
direction of the force to make work easier. The
following are the kinds of simple machines:
inclined plane, lever, wedge, screw, pulley,
Figure 1. Simple Machines
https://www.pinterest.ph/alice0781
and wheel and axle.
/

The inclined plane is a simple machine

that has a sloping flat surface with one end raised
higher than the other end. It is used to lift heavy
objects. It lessens the effort exerted in
transporting weight over a distance and height.
Ramp used by workers in loading heavy objects
onto trucks is an example of inclined plane.

The lever is a rigid bar that is free to rotate

about a point called fulcrum. Levers are used to
push, lift, and pull things. Example of lever are
hammers, tweezers, seesaw, shovel, can openers,
scissors, and tongs.

The wedge is a double inclined plane that

is sharpened to an end. Wedges are usually used
for cutting and piercing. Examples of wedge are
axe, chisel, nail, needle, can opener and other
device with sharp edges.
 The screw is an inclined plane wound around a
cylinder. With each turn of the screw, it moves a
distance of one pitch. A pitch is the distance between
two grooves. Wood screw, nut and bolt, vise and clamp
are examples of screw.

The pulley is a grooved

wheel that turns around an axle
which is held in place by mounting bracket. This special
type of wheel has a rope sliding on its groove. The groove
prevents the rope from sliding. It is use to pull up heavy
objects.

The wheel and axle

has the same
appearance with
pulley, but it has a
wheel attached to
an axle, like the steering wheel of a car.
When the axle turns the wheel also turns.
The wheel and axle can change the
direction of the force. Car and bicycle are
examples of wheel and axle.

ACTIVITIES

Activity 1: Simple Machines at Work!

Directions: Identify the type of simple machine that can be used in the
given situations. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
____________1. opening a can of sardines
____________2. digging soil
____________3. raising a flag
____________4. chopping a wood
____________5. using a stair
Activity 2: Picture Me Out!
Directions: Identify the kind of simple machine. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Activity 3: Check It Out!

Directions: Put a check (√) before the word if it is an example of the given
simple machine.

1. Wedge
_____ axe _____ hammer _____ needle

_____ bicycle _____ spoon and fork _____ stair

2. Lever

_____ seesaw _____ knife _____ shovel

_____ clamp _____ wheel barrow _____ ramp

3. Inclined Plane

_____ stairs _____ saw _____screw driver

_____ door knob _____ flagpole _____ slide

4. Screw

_____ pair of scissors _____ safety pins _____ bolt and nut

_____ wood screw _____ ramp _____ shovel

5. Pulley

_____ tweezers _____ water well _____ baseball bat

_____ flagpole _____ can opener _____ wheel barrow

6. Wheel and Axle

_____ push cart _____ pail _____ bicycle

_____ broom _____ cellphone _____ rake

WRAP–UP

What did you learn today?

Directions: Match Column A with Column B. Write the letter of the answer
on a separate sheet of paper.
Column A Column B
_____ 1. simple machine a. a device or tool that facilitates or makes work
easier
_____ 2. wedge b. a flat surface with one end raised higher that
the other end
_____ 3. inclined plane c. a form of inclined plane that winds around,
forming spiral
_____ 4. screw d. an inclined plane forming a sharp edge
_____ 5. lever e. a rigid bar that can turn around a point called
fulcrum
 VALUING

Directions: Put a check (√) if the statement is a right practice and a cross (X)
if the statement is a wrong practice.

_____ 1. Do not play with sharp simple machines to avoid getting hurt.

_____ 2. Use safety gears like helmets, knee pads, and elbow pads when riding
a wheel and axle machine like bicycle and skateboard.

_____ 3. Place hammer, saw, nails, cutter, and chisel anywhere.

_____ 4. Carry knife on its handle and not on the sharp edge.

_____ 5. Never use simple machines that are broken or not in good condition.

POSTTEST

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the letter of your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. What mechanical device is used to change the direction or the magnitude

of force?
A. inclined plane
B. wheel and axle
C. simple machine
D. energy transformation

2. The following are the importance of simple machines EXCEPT __________.

A. They lessen the time to work.
B. They make work easier.
C. They make work faster.
D. They are expensive.

3. What is the best simple machine to use in cutting vegetables?

A. pulley
B. wedge
C. inclined plane
D. wheel and axle
4. Drill, bolt, light bulb and faucet are examples of __________.
A. lever
B. screw
C. wedge
D. inclined plane

5. Which type of simple machine would make it easiest to move a heavy

object from the ground to a higher part of the house?
A. lever
B. pulley
C. screw
D. wedge
 KEY TO CORRECTION

5. a
4. B 5. INCLINED PLANE
3. B 4. WEDGE
2. D 3. PULLEY
1. C 6. PUSH CART & BICYCLE 2.LEVER
POST TEST 5. FLAGPOLE AND WATER WELL 1.WEDGE/ LEVER
NUT
4. WOOD SCREW AND BOLT and ACTIVITIES Activity1
5. √
4. √ ELECTRICAL 3. STAIRS AND SLIDE 5.
3. X MECHANICAL 2. SHOVEL AND SEESAW 4.
2. √ MECHANICAL/SOUND 1. AXLE AND NEEDLE 3.
1. √ SOUND Activity 3 2.
VALUING HEAT 1.
RECAP 5. INCLINED PLANE
5. E 5. D 4. PULLEY
4. C 4. B
3. B 3. A 3. WHEEL AND AXLE
2. D 2. D 2.LEVER
1. A 1. B 1.WEDGE
WRAP UP PRETEST Activity 2

REFERENCES
A. Books

Adduru, M.Q, Valencia, N.G. 2015. Cyber Science 6. Manila. Rex Boostore, Inc.
Coronel, C.C., Saclamitao F.O., Rabago, L.M Ph.D. Workbook in Science and
Health 6. 2000 SD Publications
Padpad, E.C., The New Science Links 6. 2017. Manila. Rex Boostore, Inc.
Pascual, A., Alcober, A., Ranay, Z., Exploring the World of Science 6, Quezon City.
Adriana Publishing Co., Inc.

B. Online
https://www.pinterest.ph/alice0781/
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/469711436107932302/
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/542613455082049202/
http://www.clker.com/clipart-632593.html
https://pngio.com/images/png-a78521.html
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/469711436107932302/ pulley
https://www.123rf.com/photo_15669019_electric-clothes-iron.html
https://bedfordguitarteacher.club/guitar-upgrade/
https://sg.news.yahoo.com/partially-operational-2021-mrt-7-020012655.html
https://clipartion.com/free-clipart-13814/
https://sollunasolar.com/2017/07/13/solar-pv-inspections/
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/675610381577476442/
https://www.pngwing.com/en/free-png-zxxxl