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For more information on the journal statistics, click here. In general, their structure consists of a
polyene chain with nine conjugated double bonds and an end group at both ends. Visit our dedicated
information section to learn more about MDPI. Upon drought stress, the activity of enzymes
involved in the shikimate pathway and the concentrations of phenolic compounds such as
caffeoylquinic acid derivatives, quercetin and kaempferol decreased in sensitive S. The most
important polyphenol subclasses are phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenes and lignans. Tropical
Medicine and Infectious Disease (TropicalMed). The DPPH remaining in the reaction mixture
measured after some time acts in reverse to the antioxidant RSA. Nevertheless, the positive outcome
needs to be confirmed when different environmental factors come into play, when plants are grown
in open-field conditions. This leads to a certain number of publications being outside the scope of
this literature search and therefore not accounted for. Promoting sustainable agriculture in Cuba
based on agroecological practices and using Cuban plant biodiversity as a natural resource. Upon
drought stress, chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations in tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum )
significantly decreased, whereas ROS levels and the extent of lipid peroxidation were strongly
enhanced. Antioxidant activity of betalains from plants of the Amaranthaceae. Antioxidants in fruits
and vegetables, the millennium’s health. As such, production costs are reduced at this stage of
agricultural work. Antimicrobial properties of extracts and compounds isolated from Berberis
jaeschkeana. So, this research suggested that all medicinal plants and particularly ES, EP, and EB
possess a significant antioxidant potential and can be efficiently applied as an important antioxidant
source for the treatment and inhibition of widely spreading oxidative stress related degenerative
diseases like cancer, cardiovascular and inflammatory joint disorders, atherosclerosis, dementia,
diabetes, asthma, and eyes related degenerative diseases. Furthermore, salinity significantly
increased AsA and GSH concentrations, whereas carotenoid levels were reduced. Another medicinal
plant growing in the reserve is the species Croton linearis. In this review, a brief summary of several
important biopharmaceutical studies on endemic as well as on more widespread plants is provided
with a focus on a specific area within Cuba. Flavonoids and their derivatives have shown to possess
external anti-inflammatory and anti-irritant activities mainly associated to the reduction of pro-
inflammatory mediators. The Cuban national market related to nutraceuticals, dietary supplements
and cosmeceuticals is at present limited despite the existing regulations to register plant-based
medicines. The Cuban endemic tree, Zanthoxylum pistaciifolium, better known as “palo vencedor”,
naturally grows in the high and dry southern coasts located in the eastern region of the island and
there is a high incidence in Siboney-Jutici Ecological Reserve. These results recommended that for
most breast cancer treatments, this plant has higher capacity for source of anticancer agent.
Moreover, the increased content of secondary metabolites can positively influence food production
and the use of bioactive compounds for pharmaceutical purposes. Nevertheless, increased ROS
concentrations can also result in damage to cellular macromolecules such as DNA, proteins and
membrane lipids. Bubble size indicates the frequency of occurrence of the words. The DPPH purple
color is converted to yellow color or even colorless if plant sample possess any potential free radical
scavenging property. Dharshini et al., (2020) demonstrated that low-temperature stress increases the
activity of SOD, CAT and POD in roots of sugarcane ( Saccharum spontaneum ). The absorbance of
each sample was measured for the potential inhibition at a wavelength of 734?nm using UV
spectrophotometer. Flavonoids, phenoloacids, and iridoic glycosides, however, are the main groups.
Effects of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) on economically valuable crops cultivated in
Cuban urban agricultural systems. The cardiac glycoside was found abundantly in these plants which
are very beneficial for the heart. Nevertheless, the Caribbean region still contains a large number of
plants unexplored and untapped from a therapeutic point of view. Interestingly, the extent of ROS-
induced damage upon salt stress was lower in the wild tomato relative Solanum chilense in
comparison to cultivated tomato ( S. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are
stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website.
The presence of steroids was indicated by the appearance of green color. As a consequence, AsA is
oxidized to monodehydroascorbic acid (MDHA), which can disproportionate into AsA and
dehydroascorbic acid (DHA). A colored compound was formed in the mixture, resulting from the
reaction of antioxidants with ferric chloride, trichloroacetic acid, and potassium ferricyanide. The
rich history, current state, and possible future of natural and traditional medicine in Cuba.
Antioxidant activity of polyphenolic plant extracts. Following a bioassay-guided fractionation, the
studies identified seven compounds, which were for the first time isolated and characterized in this
species, with alkaloids and flavonoid-derived substances among them. General chemical structures of
the main classes of phenolic compounds and their derivatives. The use of strategies for
biofortification of economically valuable crops has gained attention of the research community.
Interestingly, it harbors about 750 plant species including 159 endemics. The ABTS free radicals
were generated by mixing the ABTS in potassium persulphate. The most cited topics included
oxidative stress (232 occurrences), antioxidant activity (242 occurrences), antioxidant (201
occurrences), antioxidants (170 occurrences), lipid-peroxidation (125 occurrences), plant extract (99
occurrences), mangifera indica extract (47 occurrences), mangiferin (45 occurrences) and flavonoids
(32 occurrences). Antioxidant, cytotoxic and apoptotic activities of extracts from medicinal plant
Euphorbia platyphyllos L. Subscribe to receive issue release notifications and newsletters from
MDPI journals. They are also proven solar protectors, reducing the harmful effects that free radicals
(generated by the incidence of ultraviolet light) cause on the skin epidermis, accelerating the aging
process and the appearance of undesirable spots and wrinkles. European Journal of Investigation in
Health, Psychology and Education (EJIHPE). The presence of quinine was indicated by deep red
color. So, these findings from the present study suggested that relatively higher antioxidant potential
of the tested medicinal plant samples were involved in the decolorization of the stable DPPH radical
solution. Some antioxidants produced artificially, such as butylated hydroxyl-toluene and butylated
hydroxyl-anisole, which are available commercially are less stable and are very harmful, whereas
natural antioxidants are safe with minimal side effects. With regard to metal exposure,
concentrations of several non-enzymatic antioxidants including carotenoids, phenolic compounds and
AsA were higher in a metalicolous ecotype of Silene vulgaris, collected from a metal-contaminated
site, in comparison to a non-metalicolous ecotype of the same species originating from a non-
contaminated area. An extensive list of Cuban plants, endemic or not, has been incorporated in the
National Guideline of Phyto-Medicines and Bee-Medicines (Formulario Nacional Fitofarmacos y
Apifarmacos, 2010). These phytochemicals can also be used to protect and upregulate antioxidant
defenses and scavenging of ROS. The standard ascorbic acid (0.1%) solution was prepared by
mixing ascorbic acid (1?mg) in 1?mL of water. Three antioxidant assays (DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS
assays) were used to determine the free radical scavenging potentials of these medicinal plants under
study. Most plants contain poly-phenolic or other antioxidant compounds at different concentrations.
Timko at Department of Biology, University of Virginia, USA for giving an opportunity to conduct
research in his Laboratory for this research, as well as the Higher Education Commission (HEC),
Pakistan for their financial support (International Research Support Initiative Program) which gave
me a golden opportunity to do this wonderful project at a well-reputed and well-equipped laboratory
at UVA, USA.
Different levels of scavenging activity were focused for all extracts in all used assays like DPPH,
ABTS, and FRAP assays. The linkage with sugars increases their water solubility and limits passive
diffusion. In the bibliometric study, they reach an 8.49% hit score within antioxidants. Examples of
carotenes are ?-carotene, ?-carotene, ?-carotene and lycopene. For the plant papers, a total of 3056
publications were identified and analysed. The reason may be dual: (1) increased spin delocalization
of phenoxy radicals in the plane biphenyl configuration in aporphine leads to a more stable structure
after accepting a radical and (2) the nonphenolic analogues presumably act through the delocalization
of the neighboring nitrogen lone electron pair. Therefore, this brings us back to simple substances
with a limited amount of phenol moieties that are generally synthesized in larger quantities. Due to
their sessile nature, plants are more prone to these environmental challenges and are therefore often
subject to stress. In the twentieth century, Cuba experienced a major national food crisis due to the
reduced availability of fertilizers and pesticides. Some antioxidants produced artificially, such as
butylated hydroxyl-toluene and butylated hydroxyl-anisole, which are available commercially are
less stable and are very harmful, whereas natural antioxidants are safe with minimal side effects.
Most mentioned plant secondary metabolites associated with antioxidant activity after bibliometric
analysis in the Scopus online database ( ). So, this research suggested that these medicinal plants
possess a significant antioxidant potential and are important source of natural antioxidants and can
be effectively used in treating oxidative stress disorders. The absorbance value of this solution was
then measured at 700?nm by spectrophotometer. Bubble color indicates the averaged citation count
received by publications containing the word in their titles or abstracts. Antioxidant, cytotoxic and
apoptotic activities of extracts from medicinal plant Euphorbia platyphyllos L. The presence of
phenolic and flavonoid contents in our studied plant extracts are responsible for antioxidant and
scavenging effects to free radicals and effective to treat the diseases caused due to accumulation of
ROS and free radicals in the body. Of the total number of publications (3056), 94 were specific to
endemic species. So, this research suggested that all medicinal plants and particularly ES, EP, and EB
possess a significant antioxidant potential and can be efficiently applied as an important antioxidant
source for the treatment and inhibition of widely spreading oxidative stress related degenerative
diseases like cancer, cardiovascular and inflammatory joint disorders, atherosclerosis, dementia,
diabetes, asthma, and eyes related degenerative diseases. DPPH is widely used to evaluate the free
radical scavenging effect of natural antioxidant. Next Article in Journal Nasally Administered
Lactococcus lactis Secreting Heme Oxygenase-1 Attenuates Murine Emphysema. For example, R.
officinalis (rosemary) was removed from the National Formulary of Phytopharmaceuticals of the
National Health System, due to the lack of availability of the raw plant material. Plant antioxidant
potential to maintain the cellular redox balance in order to cope with abiotic stress factors. Promoting
sustainable agriculture in Cuba based on agroecological practices and using Cuban plant biodiversity
as a natural resource. The tubes were then placed on plate shaker at room temperature. Therefore,
these (endemic) plants might face extinction without being investigated for their antioxidant value.
Therefore, on one hand more research is needed to develop new strategies for sustainable agriculture
to improve crop yield and quality, without exhaustion of natural resources. Bubble color indicates the
averaged citation count received by publications containing the word in their titles or abstracts. It
functions as the electron donor for ascorbate peroxidase (APX), which reduces H 2 O 2 to water.
Activities of SOD, POD, APX, CAT and GR and AsA, GSH and total phenol concentrations
significantly increased to counteract drought-induced ROS production. The collected plants were
identified by expert taxonomist in the Department of Environmental sciences, Ecology and
Biodiversity Lab, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Thus, from these findings, it was concluded that the ES, EP, and EB medicinal plants are important
source of natural antioxidants like phenols, flavonoids, tannins etc., and can be efficiently used in
the treatment of various oxidative stress related diseases, most importantly cardiovascular disorders
and cancers. Using this approach, the experimental setups range from strictly controlled in vitro
experiments to environmentally realistic in situ experimental plots. Next Article in Special Issue
Revalorization of Broccoli By-Products for Cosmetic Uses Using Supercritical Fluid Extraction. In a
recent study, about 67% of native taxa were evaluated and about half of them are now categorized
as threatened. Antioxidant activity of betalains from plants of the Amaranthaceae. Therefore, on one
hand more research is needed to develop new strategies for sustainable agriculture to improve crop
yield and quality, without exhaustion of natural resources. Gout, Urate, and Crystal Deposition
Disease (GUCDD). These analyses demonstrate that the majority of scientific work on Cuban plants
(group 1) is related to medicinal plants, the chemical composition of plant extracts and that
antioxidant properties are the main analyzed biological activity. A fast review indicates that all three
groups include substances exhibiting antioxidant activity. It should be taken into account that there
are studies published in Cuban journals that either are not indexed to Scopus or only have been
recently. Nowadays, there is also an increasing interest to produce cosmeceuticals with corroborated
physiological benefits based on natural active ingredients from plants. Furthermore, an increase in
qualitative nutritional and pharmaceutical properties was observed in MF-irrigated plants. The
absorbance value of this solution was then measured at 700?nm by spectrophotometer. Following a
bioassay-guided fractionation, the studies identified seven compounds, which were for the first time
isolated and characterized in this species, with alkaloids and flavonoid-derived substances among
them. Carotenoids are tetraterpenoid pigments characterized by yellow, orange, red and purple
colors. Interestingly, the ability to combat oxidative stress by enhancing antioxidant enzyme
activities and biosynthesis of antioxidant metabolites plays a key role in defining plant stress
tolerance and differs between sensitive and tolerant cultivars of the same species. Various medicinal
plants are commonly used by folk people of Himalayan regions in Pakistan for medicinal and
nutritional purposes. The dynamics of ecosystems can worsen this aridity due to the combined effect
of increased drought, temperature and evaporation. Journal of Manufacturing and Materials
Processing (JMMP). Alternatively, cytosolic ?-glucosidase (CBG) that demonstrates a broad
specificity towards polyphenols can perform this reaction, but in order to do this, polyphenols should
be transported into epithelial cells, possibly by the active sodium-dependent glucose transporter
SGLT1. This response coincided with increases in the activities of SOD, CAT and enzymes of the
AsA-GSH cycle (APX, MDHAR, DHAR and GR). In tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ), salt stress
was associated with increased superoxide and H 2 O 2 concentrations and an enhanced level of lipid
peroxidation. Most plants contain poly-phenolic or other antioxidant compounds at different
concentrations. The bubble map visualizes 258 terms that appeared in at least 10 of the included
publications. Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications (JLPEA). In another study on
different crops, the effect of MF-treated water on seed germination and their survival was evaluated
with a very positive outcome. Remarkably high polyphenolic content was found in the leaves of
Neem (Azadirachtaspp.), Curry (Murrayakoengii) and Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum). The ABTS free
radicals were generated by mixing the ABTS in potassium persulphate. These samples (parts used
from each plant) were then grinded into fine powder after drying in an oven for 7?days, at Ecology
and Biodiversity Lab, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Please let us know what
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The standard substance used in this experiment was Trolox. Remarkably high polyphenolic content
was found in the leaves of Neem (Azadirachtaspp.), Curry (Murrayakoengii) and Tulsi (Ocimum
sanctum). For this purpose, the dried and powdered plant samples of about 100?g each were taken in
separate flasks and were extracted with 100?mL of 70% ethanol, 40% methanol, and dH 2 O using
a stirrer. Bubble size indicates the frequency of occurrence of the words. Similarly, Anastatica
hierochuntica, an extremophile from the Brassicaceae family displaying increased resistance against
heat stress, low nitrogen levels and salt stress, was characterized by increased concentrations of AsA
and DHA in comparison to Arabidopsis thaliana. They are also proven solar protectors, reducing the
harmful effects that free radicals (generated by the incidence of ultraviolet light) cause on the skin
epidermis, accelerating the aging process and the appearance of undesirable spots and wrinkles.
DPPH is widely used to evaluate the free radical scavenging effect of natural antioxidant. In
response to abiotic stresses, biosynthesis of polyphenols is stimulated in plants and enhances their
resistance. Bubble size indicates the frequency of occurrence of the words. Antimicrobial,
antioxidant and cytotoxic activities and phytochemical screening of some Yemeni medicinal plants.
In a recent study, about 67% of native taxa were evaluated and about half of them are now
categorized as threatened. The Reserve has not been altered substantially by human activity. Cuban
endemic plants investigated for their antioxidant and bioactive properties. Most mentioned plant
secondary metabolites associated with antioxidant activity after bibliometric analysis in the Scopus
online database ( ). The application of agroecological processes, such as the use of MF or PGPB, in
controlled experimental settings can give positive outcomes, and is an interesting approach to
investigate the mode of action at different biological organization levels. The medicinal plants
investigated in this experiment along with their used parts and traditional medicinal uses are given in
Table 1. Tannins also show high reactivity when facing proteins, forming insoluble salts that
inactivate these molecules. Assessment of phytochemicals and antioxidant activities of raw and
germinating Ceiba pentandra (kapok) seeds. Co-inoculation of amaranth plants with different
Bacillus isolates significantly increased the content of essential amino acids in amaranth grains. From
these findings, it was suggested that the EEs of all samples showed the highest radical scavenging
capacities followed by the ABTS radical scavenging ability of MEs and AEs for all experimental
samples. Due to the huge diversity of polyphenols, it is almost impossible to relate the diverse factors
affecting the bioavailability of each class of these compounds. Visit our dedicated information
section to learn more about MDPI. Antioxidant activity of polyphenolic plant extracts. Due to their
sessile nature, plants are more prone to these environmental challenges and are therefore often
subject to stress. Download Free PDF View PDF The Journal of Pharmacy A review on medicinal
plants having Antioxidant potential Sujan Ganapathy Natural antioxidants present in the plants
scavenge harmful free radicals from our body. J Anal methods Chem. 2014;12:2014. Search in
Google Scholar. The first one focussed only on plant-related papers and the second one on
antioxidant-related papers. Different levels of scavenging activity were focused for all extracts in all
used assays like DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. Besides opening new avenues for the
implementation of sustainable agroecological practices in crop production, it will also contribute to
new strategies to preserve plant biodiversity and simultaneously improve nature management policies
in Cuba. To achieve this goal, a high germination and survival rate of the seedlings is of vital
importance.
They play important roles in plant acclimation and adaptation to environmental challenges, but are
also beneficial for human health. These compounds occur in all parts of the plant such as wood, bark,
stems, leaves, fruit, roots, flowers, pollen or even seeds at different concentrations. Effects of plant
growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) on economically valuable crops cultivated in Cuban urban
agricultural systems. Except diethyl ether and petroleum ether extracts all the extracts showed very
significant DPPH scavenging activity by EP EEs. In order to be human-readable, please install an
RSS reader. From the results it was observed that the EEs of all samples showed the highest radical
scavenging capacities followed by the DPPH radical scavenging ability of MEs and AEs for all
experimental samples. By using our site, you agree to our collection of information through the use
of cookies. Bubble color indicates the averaged citation count received by publications containing
the word in their titles or abstracts. Moreover, optimizing the magnetic induction (strength, duration,
frequency) resulted in higher fruit weights. Aqueous, ethanol and n-hexane extracts obtained from
the dried leaves were evaluated to determine the main secondary metabolite composition as well as
its antimicrobial potential. The medicinal plants investigated in this experiment along with their used
parts and traditional medicinal uses are given in Table 1. Bubble size indicates the frequency of
occurrence of the words. Its folkloric use as a palliative for inflammation, fever and pain calls for
scientific attention. Antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities and phytochemical screening
of some Yemeni medicinal plants. Therefore, it is essential that the human antioxidant system can
function in an optimal way to support human health. This necessity of regular natural polyphenol
consumption as well as the fact that they can change the food organoleptic properties and as a
consequence the food quality, offers a link between medicinal plants and dietary supplements. The
higher ABTS radical scavenging potential was shown by the tested plant extracts using different
solvents. The total antioxidant potential of these medicinal plants was because of high amount of
polyphenol and other phytochemical components found in them. Chemical composition of
chloroform extract from Scutellaria havanensis Jacq. Nevertheless, the positive outcome needs to be
confirmed when different environmental factors come into play, when plants are grown in open-field
conditions. Alternatively, cytosolic ?-glucosidase (CBG) that demonstrates a broad specificity
towards polyphenols can perform this reaction, but in order to do this, polyphenols should be
transported into epithelial cells, possibly by the active sodium-dependent glucose transporter SGLT1.
The Cuban national market related to nutraceuticals, dietary supplements and cosmeceuticals is at
present limited despite the existing regulations to register plant-based medicines. Chemical
composition and biological activity of some species of the genus Euphrasia (Scrophulariaceae) of the
flora of Russia. Please note that many of the page functionalities won't work as expected without
javascript enabled. The phytoconstituents found in plants were flavonoid, terpenoid, phenols,
quinine, tannin, cardiac glycoside, steroid, alkaloid, volatile oils, and glycosides. Of the total number
of publications (699) in this second group, nine were specific to endemic species, showing that this
type of plant is not well studied. Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article
numbers instead of page numbers. Furthermore, this region is highly affected by global change and
habitat loss. Previous Article in Special Issue Anthocyanins from Purple Tomatoes as Novel
Antioxidants to Promote Human Health. Evaluation of phytochemical and antioxidant potential of
various extracts from traditionally used medicinal plants of Pakistan.