National Junior College Mathematics Department 2016

National Junior College

2015 – 2016 H2 Mathematics
Vectors II: Tutorial 1 Tutorial

Basic Mastery Questions

Equations of Lines
1. Find a vector equation of the line passing through
(a) 1, 3, 2 and parallel to the vector 4i j 2k ,
(b) the origin and 2, 1, 5 ,
(c) 3,1, 4 and parallel to the line whose equation is r (2 t )i j t k, t ,
(d) 0, 2, 5 and perpendicular to both r 4i j 2k (i 3k ), and
r 4i j 2k (8i 3j 3k ), .

2. (a) Find a vector equation and a Cartesian equation of the line l1 :

r (2 )i (1 )j ( 3)k, .
1 x y 1
(b) Find a vector equation of the line l2 : , z 1.
2 3

Relationships between Two Lines

3. For each of the following pairs of lines, find the position vector of the point(s) of
intersection of the lines, if any. Hence, state whether the lines are skew lines.
x 5 y
(a) r 6 i 4j k, and 1 z;
2 2
(b) r 2i 3j k (2i 3j k ), and r 4i j k (2i j 2k ), ;
(c) r i j k (i j k ), and r ( i j k ), .

Equations of Planes
4. Find a vector equation (in parametric form and in scalar-product form) and a Cartesian
equation of the plane that
(a) passes through the point (1, 2, −1) and is parallel to 3i j k and i j 2k ,
(b) passes through the points (3, 0, 0) and (2, 1, −3) and containing the line
r 3i j (i j 3k ) , ,
(c) passes through the origin and containing the line r i j k (2i j 3k ) , ,
(d) contains the points (0, 0, 0), (0, 4, 0) and (2, 0, 1),
(e) contains the lines r 3i j 3k (2 j k ) and r 3i j 3k (2i 4 j 3k ) ,
where , .

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5. Convert the equations of the following planes into the required forms:
1
(a) r 1 2 to Cartesian and parametric forms;
1
(b) r i 2j k ( i j 4k ) (i 2j k ), , to scalar product form;
(c) 3x 2 y z 2 to parametric form.

Relationships between Line and Plane

2 3
6. Find the point of intersection between the line l : r 4 5 , and the plane
5 4
p : r j 1.

Relationships between Planes

7. Find an equation of the line of intersection, if any, of the planes:
3
(a) r 2 10 and x 2 y z 5 ;
1
(b) r i 2j k ( i j 4k ) (i 2j k ), , and 3x y z 3 .

8. Find the line or point of intersection of the planes if any:

(a) 3x 2 y z 10, x 2 y z 5 and x y z 2 ;
(b) 2x 2 y z 2, 2 x 2 y z 2 and 8x 6 y 3z 8 ;
(c) 6x 2 y z 2, 3x y 0.5z 3 and 3x y 0.5z 5.

Practice Questions

2 1
1. The points P and Q have position vectors 1 and 2 respectively. Find a vector
4 7
equation of the line l1 passing through P and Q .

x 2 y 2
The line l 2 has equation , z 2, where a and b are non-zero constants. Write
a b
down, in terms of a and b, a vector equation of the line l 2 . Given that the lines l1 and l 2
intersect, find their point of intersection.

Hence show that a 2b .

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2. The lines l1 and l 2 have vector equations

1 0 1 1
r 2 2 , and r 0 2 ,
3 1 4 1
respectively, where and are real parameters.
1
(i) Verify that l1 passes through point P with position vector 4 .
2
(ii) Hence, show that the distance between point P and any point on the line l 2 is given
2
by 6 12 20 . Deduce the shortest distance between point P and the line l 2 .

3. The line l has equation r 4i 6 j 12k (i 3j 2k ), . Find the position vector of

the point where l meets
(i) the plane x = 0, (ii) the xy-plane, (iii) the xz-plane.

4. Planes p1 , p2 and p3 have equations 2 x ay bz 5, 2 x y 9 z 7 and x 2 y 3z 1

respectively.
(i) Find a vector equation of the line of intersection of p2 and p3 .
(ii) Write down conditions for a and b for which the three planes have no common point
of intersection.
(iii) State the value of a and b such that the three planes meet at a common line.

5. With respect to the origin, the point A has position vector i 3j 4k and the point B has
position vector 12i 8j 4k . The point P is on the line OA. The points Q and R are such
1
that PQ QB and OR 5OQ .
3
(i) Show that R is on the line l whose vector equation is
r 15i 10 j 5k (i 3j 4k ) .
(ii) The plane p contains the line l and is parallel to the vector 11i 7 j 8k . The line
through A perpendicular to p meets p at L. Find the position vector of L.
Hence find the position vector of the reflection of the point A about the plane p .

2 1
6. The planes p1 and p2 have equations r 1 1 and r 2 2 respectively, and meet in
3 1
a line l.
(i) Find a vector equation of l.

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(ii) The plane p3 has equation 2 x y 3z 1 k ( x 2 y z 2) 0 . Explain why l lies

in p3 for any constant k. Hence, or otherwise, find a Cartesian equation of the plane
in which both l and the point (2, 3, 4) lie.

Numerical Answers to Vectors II Tutorial 1

Basic Mastery Questions

1 4 2
1. (a) r 3 1 , (b) r 1 ,
2 2 5
3 1 0 3
(c) r 1 0 , (d) r 2 9 ,
4 1 5 1

2 1
x 2 y 1 z 3
2. (a) r 1 1 , ; ( )
1 1 1
3 1
1 2
(b) r 1 3 ,
1 0

3. (a) 7, 4, 1 , they are not skew lines but intersecting lines.

(b) no intersection, they are skew lines.
(c) no intersection, they are not skew lines but parallel lines.

1 3 1 1
4. (a) r 2 1 1 , , ,r 5 9 , x 5 y 2z 9
1 1 2 2
3 1 1 3
(b) r 0 1 t 1 , ,t ,r 0 9 , 3x z 9
0 3 3 1
1 2 2
(c) r 1 t 1 , ,t ,r 1 0 , 2x y z 0
1 3 1
0 2 1
(d) r 4 0 , , ,r 0 0 , x 2z 0
0 1 2

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3 0 2 1
(e) r 1 s 2 t 4 , s, t ,r 1 4 , x y 2z 4
3 1 3 2

0 1 0
5. (a) x y z 2, r 0 0 1 , ,
2 1 1
3
(b) r 1 0
1
0 1 0
(c) r 0 0 1 , ,
2 3 2

6. 1, 1, 1

0 2
7. (a) r 1.25 1 , (b) No intersection
7.5 4

1 0
8. (a) 4.5, 1, 1.5 (b) r 0 0.5 ,
0 1
(c) All 3 planes are parallel

Practice Questions

2 1 2 a
8 1
1. l1 : r 1 s 1 , s , l2 : r 2 b , , , ,2
3 3
4 3 2 0

2. 14

0 2
3. (i) 6 (ii) 12
4 0
2
(iii) 0
8

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3 3
4. (i) r 1 3 , (ii) 3a b 6 and a 1
0 1
(iii) a 1, b 3

101/ 9 211/ 9
5. (ii) 137 / 9 ; 247 / 9
19 / 9 74 / 9

0 1
6. (i) r 1 1 , (ii) x y 1 0
0 1

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