Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Regional Office IX, Zamboanga Peninsula

8 Zest for Progress

Z Peal of artnership

Mathematics
Quarter 2 - Module 4:
Domain and Range of a Function

Name of Learner: ___________________________

Grade & Section: ___________________________
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Name of School: ___________________________
 Lesson 1: Domain and Range of a Function

What I Need To Know

Objective: At the end of this module, you should be able to;

1. Find the domain and range of a function. ( M8AL-IId-1)

2. Graphs and illustrate a linear function and its (a) domain; (b) range; (c) tables of
values; (d) intercepts; and € slope. (M8AL-IId-e-1)

What’s In:

Activity 1: FUNCTION OR NOT?

Determine whether it is a function or not a function.

A. Given the following ordered pairs.

1. {(0,-2), (1,-3), (2,-4), (3,-5), (4,-6)}
2. {(0,2), (0,4), (0,6), (0,8), (0,10)}
3. {(-5,-2), (-2,-2), (1,0), (4,2), (7,2)}
B. Given the following mapping diagram.
4. A B

1 1 6. X Y

5. A B

. -3
5 -1
1 3

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 What’s New
Activity 2: SPOTTING ERRONEOUS COORDINATES

Refer to the graph on the right and do as directed.

A. Name the ordered pairs found in the graph.

B. From the ordered pairs identified in A, what are the
values of x and the values of y?
C. What do you call x? What do you call y?

What Is It
In the formal definition of function, the first set is called
the domain of the function, and the second set is called the range of the function. The domain of the function
serves as the input value to the rule or correspondence. The rule of the function processes these values to
provide the range or output.

DOMAIN RANGE
Rule of the Function
(input) (output)
(process)

Functions are often denoted by any letter of the English alphabet. But the letters F, G, H, and their
lower case counterpart f, g, and h are the most commonly used notations for functions.

If x is an element in the domain of a function, say f, then the notation f(x), read as “f of x”, is used to
represent the corresponding element in the range. (The reader is cautioned against interpreting f(x) as “f times
x”.)
The Notation f(x),

The functional notation f(x) means the value of the function f at number x.

The Notation f(x), is stressed that f is the name of the function, f(x) is the value of f at x. If y is the
value of f at x or y = f(x), x is called the independent variable since any element of the domain can replace it,
and y is called the dependent variable because its value depends on the value of the independent variable x.

It is noted that the domain of a relation is the set of first coordinates while the range is the second
coordinates.

Example 1: From ordered pairs

A={(1,2), (2,4), (3,6), (4, 8)}

B={(-1, 1), (1, 1), (-2, 4), (2, 4)}

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 The domain of set A is D={1, 2, 3, 4} and its range is E={2, 4, 6, 8}

The domain of set B is F={-2, -1, 1, 2} and its range is G={1, 4}

The domain of a function is the set of all positive values of x (independent variable) that will make the
function work and will reduce real values for y (dependent variable).

Example 2. From graph

A. Notice that the graph of y= x-2 extends infinitely in both

directions. This indicates that the values of x can be any real
number. Similarly the values of y can also be any real number.
D={x/x€R}
R={y/y€R}

Suppose we identify the domain and range of a function without looking at the graph. In finding the
domain, it should be noted that the denominator of a rational expression cannot be zero and thevalues under
the radical sign must always be greater than or equal to zero. In finding the range of a function, we substitute
different values of x (independent variable) into the expression and observe what is happening to y. We then
consider the minimum and maximum values of y.

Example 3: From the equation

a. f(x)= b. f(x)=

Solutions:
a. f(x)=

Since this function consists of fraction, then we should identify the value (s) of x that
will make it undefined and that value is not permissible for x.

D={x/x€R,x=0}
To find the range, express x in terms of y.
f(x)= y=
xy = 5
x=
Since y cannot also be zero, then;
R={y/y€R,y≠0}
b. f(x)=
Equate 3x-2 to zero and solve for x.
3x-2 = 0
3x = 2
x=

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 D={x/x€R,x≠ }
To find the range, express x in terms of y.
f(x)= y=
3xy – 2y = x + 2
3xy – x = 2y + 2
x(3y-1) = 2y + 2
x=
Equate: 3y -1 = 0
3y = 1
y=
R={y/y€R,y≠ }

What’s More:
Activity 3: I AM THE DOMAIN, I AM THE RANGE!

A. State the domain and range of the following relations.

1. A = {(1,3),(2,6),(3,9),(4,12)}

2. B = {(2,3),(4,6),(3,-1),(6,2),(2,3)}

3. C = {(-3,5),(-2,5),(-1,5),(0,5),(1,5)}

4. D = {(-3,0),(-2,0),(0,0),(1,0),(4,0)}

B. Give the domain and range of the points on the graph.

_________ 5. _________ 6. _________ 7.

C. Find the range of the following when given the domain: {2, 4, 6}

______ 8) y = 4x + 5

______ 9) y = 3x – 2

______ 10) y =

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 What I Can Do:
Activity 4: DOMAIN AND RANGE

State the domain and range of the following relations.

1. {(2,3),(4,5),(-2,-1),(0,1)}
2. {(1,5),(-1,4),(1,3),(5,-2)}
3. {(3,0),(0,3),(4,8),(8,4)}
4. {(2,6),(3,6),(4,9),(5,6)}
5.

A B

What I have Learned

Activity 5: REFLECT ON ME!

In your activity notebook, write a reflection in a paragraph form answering the following
questions:

1. What is a linear function?

2. Describe the graph of a linear function.
3. Define what is a domain and range.
4. What have you learned after taking the lesson and how can you apply it in real life situations?

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 Lesson 2: Linear Function

What I Need To Know

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

a) Graph and illustrate a linear function and its

1. Domain;
2. Range;
3. Table of values;
4. Intercepts; and
5. Slope (M8AL-IIe-1 )

What’s In:
Activity 1: RECALL ME!

State the domain and the range of the following relation.

A. Given the following ordered pairs

1. {(2,-3),(4,6),(3,-1),(6,6),(2,3)}

2. {(-3,5),(-2,5),(-1,5),(0,5),(1,5),(2,5)}

3. {(a,1),(b,2),(c,3),(d,4),(e,5)}

B. Given the mapping diagram.

4. X Y 5. A B

-3 2 1
C
-1
D 4
3

1 6

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 What’s New:
Another way of describing a function is by using equations. The equation of the form
Ax+By=C can be written in the form f(x) = mx + b, if we let f(x) = y.

Example:

1. 4x-5y=20
Let f(x)=y
Solutions: 4x-5y=20
4x+(-4x)-5y=-4x+20 Add -4x to both sides.
-5y=-4x+20
= Divide both sides by -5.

y= −4

f(x)= -4

Activity 2: REWRITE ME!

Rewrite the following in the form f(x) = mx + b.

1. 3x+7y = 14
2. 3x+y = 12
3. 5x – 4y = 20
4. 4x = 7 – 2y
5. 5. 2x – 4y – 9 = 0

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 What is it
A linear function is a function of the form f(x)=mx + b where m and b are real numbers. Its
graph is a line with slope m and y-intercept b.

Determine the slope, the y intercept and the x-intercept of each linear function. Make a table
of values then sketch the graph.

1. F(x)=3x-7 2. G(x)= +4 3. H(x)=x-

Solutions:

1. F(x)=3x-7 = mx+b
m=3 and b=-7
Hence, the slope of F(x) is 3 and its y intercept is -7.
Solving for the x-intercept, we let y=0. Then solve for x.
F(x)=3x-7 given equation
y=3x-7 f(x)=y
0=3x-7 substitute y=0
0-7=3x-7+7 add 7 to both sides of the equation
7=3x divide both sides by positive 3 and simplify
x= x-intercept

Graph: In sketching the graph given the

slope, the x-intercept ( ,0) and y-intercept
(0,-7), you can use the rise over run using
the slope from a certain point or make a
table of values and plot the ordered pairs:

x 0 1 2 7/3
y -7 -4 -1 0

Then connect the points to form a

continuous line.

2. G(x)= +4= mx+b

m= and b=4
Hence, the slope of G(x) is and its y intercept is 4.
Solving for the x-intercept, we let y=0. Then solve for x.
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 F(x)= +4 given equation
y= +4
f(x)=y
0= +4 substitute y=0
0-4= +4-4 subtract 4 to both sides of the equation
-4= apply cross multiplication
-8=-x divide both sides by -1
x=8 x-intercept
Graph:
In sketching the graph given the
slope, the x-intercept (8,0) and y-intercept
(0,4), you can use the rise over run using the
slope from a certain point or make a table of
values and plot the ordered pairs:

x 0 1 2 8
y 4 3.5 3 0

Then connect the points to form a continuous

line.

3. H(x)= x- = mx + b
m=1 and b=

Hence, the slope of H(x) is 1 and its y intercept is .

Solving for the x-intercept, we let y=0. Then solve for x.
F(x)= x − given equation
y= x- f(x)=y
0= x- substitute y=0
0+ = x- + add to both sides of the equation
=x x-intercept

Graph: In sketching the graph given the

slope, the x-intercept ( ,0) and y-intercept

(0,- ), you can use the rise over run using

the slope from a certain point or make a

table of values and plot the ordered pairs:

x 0 1 2 3
5
y - 2 7
9 0
5 5
Then connect the points to form a
continuous line.
 What’s More:
Activity 3: COMPLETE ME!

A. Supply the missing value

Function Slope x- y-intercept Graph

(m) intercept (b)
(a)

Example −1 3 3
7 7
1. Y = x+

2. Y= x -2

3. Y = x - 2

4. Y = x -3

5. Y = - x + 4

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 What I Have Learned
Activity 4: SOLVE AND SKETCH!

Complete the table of values below for each item and sketch the graph of the

given function.

x -1 0 2
y

1. y=-x-7
2. y=-2x+2
3. y=3x
4. y=3x+5
5. y=2x-4

What I Can Do:

Activity 5: IDENTIFY MY PARTS!

Determine the slope, the x-intercept and the y-intercept of each linear function. Then graph.
1. P(x)=3x
2. 2. F(x)= x-5
3. 3. F(x)= 6x-9
4. F(x)= 2x-8
5. F(x)= 3

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 Assessment:
Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the correct answer for each items below.

1. In a relation, the set of the first component is called

a. range b. domain c. dependent variable d. independent variable
2. Determine the domain of the relation given the set of ordered pairs {(0,2), (1,3), (2,4), (3,5), (4,6)}.
a. 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 b. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 c. 0, 2, 3, 4, 5 d. 3, 4, 5, 7
3. For the function {(0,1),(1,-3),(2,-4),(-4,1)}, write the domain and range.
a. D={1,-3,-4} b. D={0,1,2,-4} c. D={0,1,2,3,4} d. D={1,-3,-4}
R={0,1,2,-4} R={1,-3,-4} R={1,-3,-4} R={0,1,2,3,4}
4. Identify the range of the following function when given the domain {2,3,10}:
y=4x-12
a. -20,0,28 b. 4,12,20 c. 8,12,40 d. -4,0,28
5. What is the range of the following relation: {(9,-2),(4,3)(8,10)(-4,8)}
a. -4,4,8,9 b. (9,-2),(4,3) c. -2,3,8,10 d. (8,10),(-4,8)
6. For the function illustrated on the right, what is the domain and what is the range?
A B

a. D={1,3,4} c. D={1,9} 1 1
R={1,9} R={1,3,4}
b. D={1,3,4} d. D={1,9} 3 4
R={1,4,9} R={1,4,9} 4 9
7. What is the range of the function illustrated below?
X Y
2 1
a. {1,2,8} c. {1,2,4,8} 3
b. {2,3,4,6,8,9} d. {1,2,3,4,6,8,9} 4 2
6
4
8
9 8
8. What variable is commonly used for domain?
a. A b. X c. R d. Y
9. What variable is commonly used for range?
a. A b. X c. R d. Y
10. What is the definition of function?
a. Has inputs and outputs
b. Every input has only only ONE output
c. Inputs have different outputs every time
d. x-values and y-values

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References
Emmanuel P. Abuzo, Merden L. Bryant, Jem Boy b. Cabrella, Belen P. Caldez, Melvin M.
Callanta, Anastacia Proserfina I. Castro, Alicia R. Halabaso, Sonia P. Javier, Roger T. Nocom, and
Concepcion S. Ternida, Mathematics- Grade 8 Learner’s Module First edition, 2013., August 2020.

Fernando B. Orines , Zenaida B. Diaz, Maharlika P. Mojica, Catalina B. Manalo, Josephine L.Suzara,
Jesus P. Mercado, Mirla S. Esparrago, Nestor V. Reyae Jr., Next Century Mathematics 8, Phoenix
Publishing House, Copyright 2013 INC,August 2020.

Orlando A. Oronce, Marilyn O. Mendoza, Exploring Mathematics Intermediate Algebra II

Textbook, RBSI First Edition 2003, August 2020.

Mathematics - Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 - Module 1 : Domain and Range of a function
First Edition, 2020

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Writer: Zita A. Zayas, Cheenee A. Tingob

Reviewer : Ismael K. Yusop

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