BUET-Japan Institute of Disaster Prevention and Urban

Safety (BUET-JIDPUS)

Assignment on Standardized Precipitation Index

Course No. DP 6003
Course Title: Remote Sensing and GIS for Disaster Mitigation
Submitted To:
Dr. Shampa
Assistant Professor, IWFM, BUET
Submitted By:
Abdullah Al Azwad
ID. 0423332518
I
ntr
oduc
tion
Theas sessmentofprecipi
tat
ionpatter
nsplaysacr ucialr
oleinunder st
andingvari
-
oushydr ol
ogi
calphenomenas uchasf l
oods,droughts,andwat erresour
cemanage-
ment.Twok eyindi
ces,thePreci
pit
ati
onCondi ti
onIndex( PCI)andt heStandardi
zed
Preci
pit
at i
on I
ndex(SPI),off
ervaluableinsi
ghtsinto preci
pitati
on vari
abil
it
yand
droughtconditi
ons.

Developedt oass essspatialandtempor alrainfal

lv ariabil
ity
, t
hePrecipi
tationCondi -
ti
onI ndex( PCI)focusess olel
yonpr ecipitationamount ,disregar
dingfactorss uchas
evapor ati
onort emper aturechanges .Byconcent ratingont heconcentrati
onanddi s-
tr
ibutionofpr ecipitat
ionev ents
,PCI aidsi nidenti
f yingper i
odsofhighorl owpr eci
p-
i
tati
onconcent rations.Rangingfrom 0t o100, PCI indi cateschangesinpr ecipitati
on
fr
om ext r
emelyunf avorabletooptimal. Forins t
ance, dur i
ngmet eorol
ogical droughts
charact eri
zed byext remelyl ow precipitati
on,PCIappr oachesorequal s0,whi l
e

TheSt andardi zed Precipi

tationIndex( SPI)s ervesasar obusttoolf oras ses s
ing
droughtcondi ti
onsbyf ocusings olelyonpr ecipitati
onpatternswhileaccountingf or
theinherentv ariabi
li
tyinpr ecipi
tat i
onamount s.Throughstati
sti
caltechniques ,SPI
standardi
zesr a w precipit
ationdat a,f acil
itati
ng compar i
sonsacr ossdiversegeo-
graphicregionsr egardlessofl ocalcl imatev ari
ati
ons.Thist r
ansformati
oni ntoa
standardi
zeds caleallowsanal ystst odi scernt herelat
ivenormalcy,defi
cit,orpr o-
nounceddef iciencyi ncurrentpr ecipit
ationl evels,t
herebyidenti
fyingthepr es ence

ofdr
oughtev
ents,pr
ovidi
ngvaluabl
einsi
ght
sfordr
oughtmoni
tor
ing,r
iskas
ses
s-
ment
,andwaterr
esourcemanagement.
.

Bot hindi
cesplayacr ucial
rol
einex aminingprecipitat
ionpatternsandgui dingdeci
-
si
onsi nagricul
ture,watermanagement , andenvironmentalplanning. ThePCI offer
s
valuableins
ightsint
ot hespati
alandtempor al
as pectsofprecipit
ation,whi l
etheSPI
providesamor ecompr ehensiv
eunder s
t andingofdr oughtconditions,maki ngitpar
-
ti
cularlybenefi
cialf
orpol i
cymakersandr es
earchersaddressingwat erscarcit
ycon-
cerns.
Met
hodol
ogy
Thedat aut i
l
izedf orthisstudywass ourcedf r
om t hehtt
ps :/
/gi
ov anni.
gs f
c.nasa.gov/gio-
vanni/webs i
te.Speci fi
call
y,av er
agemont hlyrainfal
ldataspannings i
xy ears,f
rom 201 4t o
2019,wasobt ained.Thi sdatawase xtractedinmi l
l
imeter
sperda y( mm/ day)formatf rom
theTropicalRainfal lMeasuringMi ss
ion( TRMM)dat asetavail
ableont hewebs ite.Subs e-
quently
,stati
stical meas ur
esi ncludi
ngt hemean, maximum, mi ni
mum, ands tandarddevi a-
ti
onwer ecomput edf rom thisdat asettocal culateboththePr ecipi
tationConcent rati
on
I
nde x(PCI)andt heSt andardi z
edPr ecipitat
ionI ndex(SPI).Thes eindiceswer eder i
ved

t
heNASAwebs
ite.

Fi
gur
e1 Fi
gur
e2

Obs
ervat
ions
I
nFi gur
e01 ,t heprecipit
ati
ondat aill
ust
ratesdi sti
nctpatternsacr ossregionsofBangl a-
desh,witht henortheas texperiencingnotabl yhigherprecipitati
onl ev
elscloset o66.217
mm/ day
,whi l
et he s outhwes tencount ered cons i
derablyl owerl evels around 15.
386
mm/ day
.Interesti
ngly
, thePrecipit
ationConcent rati
onIndex(PCI )didnotal i
gnclosel
ywi th
eit
herextreme,s ugges ti
ngal ackofs everedr oughtorfloodcondi tionsduringthefoll
ow-
i
ngy ear
.Conv ersel
y,inFigure02, theanalys i
soft heStandardizedPr eci
pitati
onIndex(SPI)
for64dis t
rictsinBangl adeshr evealsheterogeneousmoi sturecondi t
ions.Certai
nareas

ti
onsofNetrok
ona,Syl het,
Chi
tt
agongdemons tr
ateSPIvaluessur
passing1.
5,suggesti
ve
ofmoderat
ewet ness.Thesedispar
ateSPIreadi
ngsoffernuancedinsi
ghtsi
ntothelocal-
i
zedvar
iati
onsinprecipit
ati
onandmoistur
elevel
sacros
sdi f
fer
entdist
ri
ctsofBangl
ades h.