otto cycle T Q -

An engine operating on an ideal Otto cycle has a compression ratio of 7.5:1. At the beginning of the compression stoke the air is at 1.035 bar and 27°C. If
the heat energy supply is 930 kJ/kg. Take 𝛾 as 1.4 and cv = 0.718 kJ/kgK.
a. Sketch the cycle on pressure – volume and temperature – entropy diagrams.
b. Calculate each of the following:
i. the maximum temperature and pressure of the cycle
ii. the cycle efficiency (ASE) B. ✗ V2 =P] V3 17-4×1 ✗ P3 ✗ I = 50-91 bar =
=

T> 672.5 1967.8

Tz
A- 930kg/kg ,
Cv -0.718
_

kolkgk ""

=/-7¥
"
Ps
( Py
50.9 '
= = = 3.03 bar
"
84 P4
2 3

3×7>5
5091×1 3.
Ty= 878.4k
◦
= = =

' 4 1-3 196718 Ty

V S
(+4-1-1) (878.4
Eh 1-
300) %
-

"
=
1- = > =

( T)
-

+21 (1967.8-672.5)

p 174 50.91 3.03

✓ 7.5 1 I 7. S

T 300 672.5 1967.8 878.4

" ""

=/ ¥ ) ) #-) Pi 17.4 bar

= >
""s
=

Pz

Pi ✗ V1 =P> ✗ V2 1.035×75 17-4×1 672,5

= =Tz= K
TI Tz 300 Tz

① = Mcr ( Tz Tz )-

930×103=1×0.718×103 ( T] -672s)
1-3=1967 -8k
Gg
The pressure, volume and temperature at the beginning of the compression of a constant volume (Otto) cycle are 105 𝑘𝑁⁄𝑚2, 0.002 𝑚3 and 25°C, respectively. The
maximum temperature of the cycle is 1250°C. The volume ratio of the cycle is 8:1. The cycle is repeated 4000 times per minute.
Take 𝑐𝑝 = 1.007 𝑘𝐽⁄𝑘𝑔𝐾, 𝑐𝑣 = 0.717 𝑘𝐽⁄𝑘𝑔𝐾. " "
PB "= ( %)
"

a. Sketch and fully label a P-V diagram of the cycle. =

43
8) =3 P4 2.34 >
=( =

b. Determine each of the following: Pe, Py ,

i. Temperatures at the end of compression and expansion

ii. The maximum cycle pressure Ps ✗ V3 Pu ✗ V4 43×1 2-34×8 1-4=663
iii. The thermal efficiency for the cycle = = =

T] 1-4 1523 TY
iv. The net work output in kW
-

(1-4-17) (663-298)
P T 2=1 _

( 1-3-12,
= > 1-
(1523-684.7)
=
" 'ˢ%

7
2 3

" "
'

Pv=mRt
i
4
'
R =
Cp -
Cv = 1.007-0.717=0.29×103
, , >
105×103×0.002 =m ✗ 0.29×10 ✗ (298 )
I 2 3 4 m= 2.43×10-3

É Net = 2.43×10-3 ✗ 0.717×103×(1523-6847) ✗ 0.568

V 8 I 1 8 '
Net = 829^6 × 4000
=
55.3×10
6°
T 298 684.7 1523 663

"

=('
""
TP B. = 19.3
( gl )
'
= > =

p, Pz

" " " Pz ✗ V2 . " "

.

Ty " 298 T2

Pzx V2 83 ✗ V3 19^3×1 P> ✗

I
43
= = > = = >
+, 684^7
Ty 1523
Qu)
In an air standard Otto cycle the maximum and minimum temperatures are 1750oC and 18oC. The heat supplied per kg of air is 975 kJ.
Note: for air: Take cp as 1005 J/kgK and = 1.4.
a. Sketch and fully label a P-V diagram of the cycle.
b. Determine each of the following:
i. The air standard efficiency for the cycle
ii. The ratio of maximum to minimum pressures in the cycle

P T
2 3
3

"
4
I
\

,
0=975×103 jlhg 5
Cp =/ 005 g- 1kg
I 2 3 21

:
T 291 664.7 2023

iPp3,_=T3
✗ ✓ 2023 ✗ 7.9
=

1- 291
Q= Mcv (Ty Tz )
¥
I
-

% 1.4=1005 cu= -717.8

CV
= 55

975×103=1×717.8 ( 2023-1-2 ) 1-2=664.7 K P] :P

,
55 : I

¥i¥=(¥)¥ rr=( 664.7¥ 291

= 7. a

ZASE = 1-
=t¥=s6 . "
%