Answers   63

2. By doing the same thing as was done for the Sun – multiplying their diameters by 0.00018 and expressing
the answer in mm, not km.
3. a. Body Actual diameter (km) Scale diameter (mm)
Mercury 4 866 0.9
Venus 12 106 2.2
Earth 12 742 2.3
Mars 6 760 1.2
Jupiter 139 516 25.1
Saturn 116 438 21.0
Uranus 46 940 8.4
Neptune 45 432 8.2
Pluto 2 274 0.4

c. i. Pluto.
ii. Mercury.
iii. Jupiter.
iv. Earth.
v. 11
vi. 109
vii. 10
Distances
1. Scale distance from Sun
Actual distance
Body from Sun (km) (mm) (m)
Mercury 57 950 000 10 431 10.4
Venus 108 110 000 19.4
Earth 149 570 000 26.9
Mars 227 840 000 40.9
Jupiter 778 140 000 139.8
Saturn 1 427 000 000 256.3
Uranus 2 870 300 000 515.5
Neptune 4 499 900 000 808.2
Pluto 5 913 000 000 1 062.0

3. a. Mercury.
b. Neptune
c. Mercury. It’s closest to the Sun.
d. Its thick atmosphere traps heat – the ‘greenhouse’ effect.
e. Neptune
f. Earth.
g. Space.
h. 99.9%.
i. (1 062 m ÷ 3.2 m/min) = 332 minutes = 5.5 hours.