1) Comment on the main point of Bustos's video about how we have different

ways of using English based on our contexts.

Every country had different languages and culture that makes them unique from
each other. These can result to people labeled as insensitive, uninformed, or
culturally illiterate if they fail to recognize the existence of persons from diverse
cultural backgrounds and the individuals with whom they communicate. The
most obvious hindrance to communication is linguistic difference, as two
persons speaking two different languages cannot communicate with one another.
According to the video "Pinoy English" by Mikey Bustos, Philippines is
considered the 2nd best English-speaking country. The reason behind this is
because it is the nation’s secondary language which is taught in schools and is used
for communication in our daily lives. We can see the usage of the English language
here in the Philippines in product descriptions, instruction manuals, billboards,
posters, and more. It was also mentioned that some English expressions are
directly translated from Tagalog or Filipino statements. This is because we,
Filipinos, relate our way of speaking or talking to our culture which somehow
affects the message of the sentences or expressions that we say in English.
People’s ethnicity can be easily identified with how they speak due to the fact that
there is almost always a certain way for them in conveying their expressions. As
long as people can understand each other using the English language, culture is not
considered as a barrier of communication.

Sometimes it is difficult to convince top management to commit funds to

develop and implement an SIS. Why?
The acronym "SIS" stands for "strategic information system," and it refers to a
system that manages information and assists in making strategic decisions.
Because it is a computer system that is used at every level of an organization and
that changes operational objectives, service products, and environmental
relationships to assist companies in gaining a competitive edge, the SIS plays a
significant part in the success of a firm. However, despite its inherent benefits,
some top management is resistant to investing in the development of a SIS. One of
the reasons why some top managements don’t want to adopt SIS is because it is
quite impossible to quantify and evaluate the success of such strategy in terms of
the number of new clients a company would acquire. To deploy a SIS and gain a
competitive advantage, firms must rethink their entire operational structure,
commonly known as reengineering. Indeed, as a company needs reengineering to
established a new SIS, some top managers don’t like to expose to risk because they
are not assured whether the SIS was effective. Aside from that, implementing a
Strategic Information Systems is time consuming because managers would devote
a substantial amount of time to preparing, researching, and presenting the strategic
management process, which may hinder day-to-day operations and negatively
affect the firm. The implementation process demands a well-communicated plan
that is carried out in a manner that requires the full attention, active participation,
and accountability of not only corporate leaders but also all organization members.
It requires high budget allocation, as well as, requires skillful planning that in order
to prevent pitfalls, a company must anticipate the future, which will involve
different levels of change and risks. Consequently, if the implementation is not
carried out correctly, there is a possibility that it will result in a catastrophe.
Occasionally, it can even result in the closing of a business.

What does the term bleeding edge mean?

The term "bleeding edge" describes a situation in which an organization fails as a

result of its attempts to be on the leading edge of technical advancement. The
innovative company is losing money since it is investing in a technology that will
only increase its expenses and not their revenues. Adopting cutting-edge
technological advancements comes with a significant amount of risk, which
undoubtedly may backfire a company. A company most likely to experience
bleeding edge when there is no experience from which to gain knowledge and
there’s no assurance that the technology will work or that customers and staff will
embrace it. As a result, implementation expenses are substantially higher than
anticipated. Bleeding edge normally happens when the newly developed
technology does not perform as well as when employees, customers, and/or
suppliers who were expected to benefit from the implementation of this system do
not enjoy utilizing it. Consequently, rather than leading, the organization ends up
bleeding due to excessive costs and poor market share. For this reason, some
organizations allow competitors to test new technologies before adopting them.
They risk losing the possible initial profit, but if the rival succeeds, they can
swiftly embrace the technique and even attempt to use it more effectively than the
pioneer.

In order to be considered a strategic information system, an information system needs to be able to

provide the company with opportunities as well as help it take advantage of those opportunities, such as
by developing new strategies and increasing profits. A strategic information system ought to be an
innovative web-based system that gives a company a competitive advantage. It must be set up and
planned to help the company outperform its rivals by utilizing strategy to optimize the firm's advantages.
Most importantly, an information system should help the business develop a competitive advantage by
reducing costs, raising entry barriers, and establish high switching costs. The information system should
help the company increase market share by lowering prices, and since the most effective way to reduce
prices is to reduce costs, the system must be designed to generate income rather than incur more
expenses. The fewer competitors there are within an industry, the better it is for a business. Therefore,
having a system that make a company obtain a competitive advantage by making the production of its
products or services difficult or impossible for other companies is an effective strategic information
system. If a company has high switching costs, it may be able to increase client retention. So, to be
considered, an information system should make customers avoid switching to a competitor's brand by
making them able to identify switching costs. Due to the fact that customers become less inclined to
switch to a competitor's brand if they are able to discover switching expenses. Additionally, other factors
that must be looked into when assessing an information system are its efficiency in creating, diversifying,
and enhancing new products or services, its capacity to establish alliances, and lock in suppliers.

1. In order to be considered a strategic information system, an information system needs to be able

to provide the company with opportunities as well as help it take advantage of those
opportunities, such as by developing new strategies and increasing profits. A strategic
information system ought to be an innovative web-based system that gives a company a
competitive advantage. It must be set up and planned to help the company outperform its rivals
by utilizing strategy to optimize the firm's advantages. Most importantly, an information system
should help the business develop a competitive advantage by reducing costs, raising entry
barriers, and establish high switching costs. The information system should help the company
increase market share by lowering prices, and since the most effective way to reduce prices is to
reduce costs, the system must be designed to generate income rather than incur more expenses.
The fewer competitors there are within an industry, the better it is for a business. Therefore,
having a system that make a company obtain a competitive advantage by making the production
of its products or services difficult or impossible for other companies is an effective strategic
information system. If a company has high switching costs, it may be able to increase client
retention. So, to be considered, an information system should make customers avoid switching to
a competitor's brand by making them able to identify switching costs. Due to the fact that
customers become less inclined to switch to a competitor's brand if they are able to discover
switching expenses. Additionally, other factors that must be looked into when assessing an
information system are its efficiency in creating, diversifying, and enhancing new products or
services, its capacity to establish alliances, and lock in suppliers.

1. Top management must be involved in all phases of SIS planning, from early consideration
through development and implementation. It must be incorporated into the organization's
broader strategic strategy. It also required an enterprise-wide effort including management who
will utilize the technology. The preparation, investigation, and presentation of the strategic
management process should consume a large amount of managers' time. The implementation
 process necessitates a well-communicated plan that is executed in a manner that requires the
full attention, active participation, and accountability of not only corporate executives but all
organization members as well. A corporation must predict the future, which will involve varying
degrees of change and risk, in order to avoid hazards, which requires a significant budget
allocation and competent preparation. The SIS must be modeled after a company's strategic
vision. Before starting SIS development, the executives must be strategically focused and
actively planning. The strategic position and nature of the company, along with industry and
environmental conditions, should mandate or facilitate the implementation of IS technology in
order to gain a competitive advantage. Environmental factors including the scale and intensity
of competition, the relationship with suppliers and customers, and, in some countries, the
logistics systems and government involvement must also consider.

2. There are eight ways for a company to sustain strategic benefits through information systems
such as: Reducing cost, Raise barriers to entrants, Establish high switching cost, Create new,
Differentiate, and Enhanced products or services, Established alliances, and lock in suppliers. As
clients prefer to pay as little as possible for the service or product they require, without
sacrificing quality. One approach to expand market share and sustain strategic benefit through
information system is by reducing prices, and the most effective way to reduce prices is through
reducing costs. The fewer competitors there are within an industry, the better it is for a
business. Therefore, having a system that make a company obtain a competitive advantage by
making the production of its products or services difficult or impossible for other companies is
an effective strategic information system. Also, if a business has high switching costs, it may be
able to retain more customers. Differing significantly the company’s products or services in their
characteristics or intended uses from products previously produced by the firm makes a
company generate more cash flows. Through persuading customers that the company’s
products are better than its competitors, a company can achieve competitive advantage. This
can be done by means of advertising and developing new information technology features.
Aside from that, enhance existing products or services increases and gives value to customers.
When two companies combined their services which called as alliances, it can make product
more attractive for consumers considering that these companies put together their ideas and
efforts. Locking in suppliers can also be accomplished through an information system, which
enables the company to obtain a competitive advantage by securing its suppliers' adherence to
its style of operation through its bargaining power. Additionally, to sustain SIS's strategic
benefits, a firm should open its communication channels and listen to employee advice. It must
enhance operating efficiency and innovate to thrive. It should also assess data collected over
time and act on the inference. Survival and expansion should be the strategy.