Worktext For Cataloguing II Revised As of Oct. 2016

Bachelor of Library and Information Science
A Module on Organization of Information Sources II
CHAPTER I
REVIEW OF DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM
The DDC
A classification system for materials conceived by Melvil Dewey in 1873 and first
published in 1876. The DDC is published in print and electronic versions by OCLC Online
Computer Library Center, Inc.
a. Notation in DDC provides a universal language to identify the class within which the
subject belongs and is expressed in Arabic numerals. The first digit in the three-digit
number represents the main class, the second digit represents the division and the third
digit indicates the section. For example, in the class number 532, 500 represents the
main class which is Science, 530 stands for the division that is Physics and 532 stands
for the section which is Gas Mechanics. A decimal point, or dot, follows the third digit
in a class number, after which division by ten continues to the specific degree of
classification needed. The dot is used as a psychological pause to break the monotony of
numerical digits and to ease the transcription and copying of the class number.
959.9- Philippine History.
900- History
950- Asian history
959- History of South East Asia
959.9- Philippine history
b. Basic classes are organized by disciplines or fields of study. At the broadest level, the
DDC is divided into ten main classes, which together cover the entire world of
knowledge. Each main class is further divided into ten divisions, and each division into
ten sections.
TEN (10) MAIN CLASS OF DDC
000 – 099 Computer science, information & general works –

Generalities works not limited to any one discipline, e.g. encyclopedia,
general periodicals, etc. it is also used for certain specialized disciplines that
deal with knowledge and information, e.g. computer science, library and
information science and journalism.
100 – 199 Philosophy & psychology
200 – 299 Religion
300 – 399 Social sciences
400 – 499 Languages
500 – 599 Natural sciences and mathematics (describes and attempts to
explain the world in which we live)
600 – 699 Technology (consists of utilizing the sciences to harness the natural world
and its resources for the benefits of the humankind)
700 – 799 Arts & recreation
800 – 899 Literature
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900 – 999 History and Geography
SECOND SUMMARY (THE HUNDRED DIVISIONS)
000 Computer science, knowledge & systems 500 Science

010 Bibliographies 510 Mathematics
020 Library & information sciences 520 Astronomy
030 Encyclopedias & books of facts 530 Physics
040 [Unassigned] 540 Chemistry
050 Magazines, journals & serials 550 Earth sciences & geology
060 Associations, organizations & museums 560 Fossils & prehistoric life
070 News media, journalism & publishing 570 Life sciences; biology
080 Quotations 580 Plants (Botany)
090 Manuscripts & rare books 590 Animals (Zoology)
100 Philosophy 600 Technology
110 Metaphysics 610 Medicine & health
120 Epistemology 620 Engineering
130 Parapsychology & occultism 630 Agriculture
140 Philosophical schools of thought 640 Home & family management
150 Psychology 650 Management & public relations
160 Logic 660 Chemical engineering
170 Ethics 670 Manufacturing
180 Ancient, medieval & eastern philosophy 680 Manufacture for specific uses
190 Modern western philosophy 690 Building & construction
200 Religion 700 Arts
210 Philosophy & theory of religion 710 Landscaping & area planning
220 The Bible 720 Architecture
230 Christianity & Christian theology 730 Sculpture, ceramics & metalwork
240 Christian practice & observance 740 Drawing & decorative arts
250 Christian pastoral practice & religious orders 750 Painting
260 Christian organization, social work & worship 760 Graphic arts
270 History of Christianity 770 Photography & computer art
280 Christian denominations 780 Music
290 Other religions 790 Sports, games & entertainment
300 Social sciences, sociology & anthropology 800 Literature, rhetoric & criticism
310 Statistics 810 American literature in English
320 Political science 820 English & Old English literatures
330 Economics 830 German & related literatures
340 Law 840 French & related literatures
350 Public administration & military science 850 Italian, Romanian & related literatures
360 Social problems & social services 860 Spanish & Portuguese literatures
370 Education 870 Latin & Italic literatures
380 Commerce, communications & transportation 880 Classical & modern Greek literatures
390 Customs, etiquette & folklore 890 Other literatures
400 Language 900 History
410 Linguistics 910 Geography & travel
420 English & Old English languages 920 Biography & genealogy
430 German & related languages 930 History of ancient world (to ca. 499)
440 French & related languages 940 History of Europe
450 Italian, Romanian & related languages 950 History of Asia
460 Spanish & Portuguese languages 960 History of Africa
470 Latin & Italic languages 970 History of North America
480 Classical & modern Greek languages 980 History of South America
490 Other languages 990 History of other areas
THIRD SUMMARY (THE THOUSAND DIVISIONS)
2|Page
000-099
000 Computer science, information & general works 050 General serial publications
001 Knowledge 051 Serials in American English
002 The book 052 Serials in English
003 Systems 053 Serials in other Germanic languages
004 Data processing & computer science 054 Serials in French, Occitan & Catalan
005 Computer programming, programs & data 055 In Italian, Romanian & related languages
006 Special computer methods 056 Serials in Spanish & Portuguese
007 [Unassigned] 057 Serials in Slavic languages
008 [Unassigned] 058 Serials in Scandinavian languages
009 [Unassigned] 059 Serials in other languages
010 Bibliography 060 General organizations & museum science
011 Bibliographies 061 Organizations in North America
012 Bibliographies of individuals 062 Organizations in British Isles; in England
013 [Unassigned] 063 Organizations in central Europe; in Germany
014 Of anonymous & pseudonymous works 064 Organizations in France & Monaco
015 Bibliographies of works from specific places 065 Organizations in Italy & adjacent islands
016 Bibliographies of works on specific subjects 066 In Iberian Peninsula & adjacent islands
017 General subject catalogs 067 Organizations in eastern Europe; in Russia
018 Catalogs arranged by author, date, etc. 068 Organizations in other geographic areas
019 Dictionary catalogs 069 Museum science
020 Library & information sciences 070 News media, journalism & publishing
021 Library relationships 071 Newspapers in North America
022 Administration of physical plant 072 Newspapers in British Isles; in England
023 Personnel management 073 Newspapers in central Europe; in Germany
024 [Unassigned] 074 Newspapers in France & Monaco
025 Library operations 075 Newspapers in Italy & adjacent islands
026 Libraries for specific subjects 076 In Iberian Peninsula & adjacent islands
027 General libraries 077 Newspapers in eastern Europe; in Russia
028 Reading & use of other information media 078 Newspapers in Scandinavia
029 [Unassigned] 079 Newspapers in other geographic areas
030 General encyclopedic works 080 General collections
031 Encyclopedias in American English 081 Collections in American English
032 Encyclopedias in English 082 Collections in English
033 In other Germanic languages 083 Collections in other Germanic languages
034 Encyclopedias in French, Occitan & Catalan 084 Collections in French, Occitan & Catalan
035 In Italian, Romanian & related languages 085 In Italian, Romanian & related languages
036 Encyclopedias in Spanish & Portuguese 086 Collections in Spanish & Portuguese
037 Encyclopedias in Slavic languages 087 Collections in Slavic languages
038 Encyclopedias in Scandinavian languages 088 Collections in Scandinavian languages
039 Encyclopedias in other languages 089 Collections in other languages
040 [Unassigned] 090 Manuscripts & rare books
041 [Unassigned] 091 Manuscripts
042 [Unassigned] 092 Block books
043 [Unassigned] 093 Incunabula
044 [Unassigned] 094 Printed books
045 [Unassigned] 095 Books notable for bindings
046 [Unassigned] 096 Books notable for illustrations
047 [Unassigned] 097 Books notable for ownership or origin
048 [Unassigned] 098 Prohibited works, forgeries & hoaxes
049 [Unassigned] 099 Books notable for format
100 -199
100 Philosophy & psychology 150 Psychology
101 Theory of philosophy 151 [Unassigned]
102 Miscellany 152 Perception, movement, emotions & drives
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103 Dictionaries & encyclopedias 153 Mental processes & intelligence

104 [Unassigned] 154 Subconscious & altered states
105 Serial publications 155 Differential & developmental psychology
106 Organizations & management 156 Comparative psychology
107 Education, research & related topics 157 [Unassigned]
108 Kinds of persons treatment 158 Applied psychology
109 Historical & collected persons treatment 159 [Unassigned]
110 Metaphysics 160 Logic
111 Ontology 161 Induction
112 [Unassigned] 162 Deduction
113 Cosmology 163 [Unassigned]
114 Space 164 [Unassigned]
115 Time 165 Fallacies & sources of error
116 Change 166 Syllogisms
117 Structure 167 Hypotheses
118 Force & energy 168 Argument & persuasion
119 Number & quantity 169 Analogy
120 Epistemology, causation & humankind 170 Ethics
121 Epistemology 171 Ethical systems
122 Causation 172 Political ethics
123 Determinism & indeterminism 173 Ethics of family relationships
124 Teleology 174 Occupational ethics
125 [Unassigned] 175 Ethics of recreation & leisure
126 The self 176 Ethics of sex & reproduction
127 The unconscious & the subconscious 177 Ethics of social relations
128 Humankind 178 Ethics of consumption
129 Origin & destiny of individual souls 179 Other ethical norms
130 Parapsychology & occultism 180 Ancient, medieval & eastern philosophy
131 Parapsychological & occult methods 181 Eastern philosophy
132 [Unassigned] 182 Pre-Socratic Greek philosophies
133 Specific topics in parapsychology & occultism 183 Socratic & related philosophies
134 [Unassigned] 184 Platonic philosophy
135 Dreams & mysteries 185 Aristotelian philosophy
136 [Unassigned] 186 Skeptic & Neoplatonic philosophies
137 Divinatory graphology 187 Epicurean philosophy
138 Physiognomy 188 Stoic philosophy
139 Phrenology 189 Medieval western philosophy
140 Specific philosophical schools 190 Modern western philosophy
141 Idealism & related systems 191 Philosophy of United States & Canada
142 Critical philosophy 192 Philosophy of British Isles
143 Bergsonism & intuitionism 193 Philosophy of Germany & Austria
144 Humanism & related systems 194 Philosophy of France
145 Sensationalism 195 Philosophy of Italy
146 Naturalism & related systems 196 Philosophy of Spain & Portugal
147 Pantheism & related systems 197 Philosophy of former Soviet Union
148 Eclecticism, liberalism & traditionalism 198 Philosophy of Scandinavia
149 Other philosophical systems 199 Philosophy in other geographic areas
200 -299
200 Religion 250 Christian orders & local church
201 Religious mythology & social theology 251 Preaching
202 Doctrines 252 Texts of sermons
203 Public worship & other practices 253 Pastoral office & work
204 Religious experience, life & practice 254 Parish administration
4|Page
205 Religious ethics 255 Religious congregations & orders

206 Leaders & organization 256 [Unassigned]
207 Missions & religious education 257 [Unassigned]
208 Sources 258 [Unassigned]
209 Sects & reform movements 259 Pastoral care of families & kinds of persons
210 Philosophy & theory of religion 260 Social & ecclesiastical theology
211 Concepts of God 261 Social theology
212 Existence, knowability & attributes of God 262 Ecclesiology
213 Creation 263 Days, times & places of observance
214 Theodicy 264 Public worship
215 Science & religion 265 Sacraments, other rites & acts
216 [Unassigned] 266 Missions
217 [Unassigned] 267 Associations for religious work
218 Humankind 268 Religious education
219 [Unassigned] 269 Spiritual renewal
220 Bible 270 History of Christianity & Christian church
221 Old Testament (Tanakh) 271 Religious orders in church history
222 Historical books of Old Testament 272 Persecutions in church history
223 Poetic books of Old Testament 273 Doctrinal controversies & heresies
224 Prophetic books of Old Testament 274 History of Christianity in Europe
225 New Testament 275 History of Christianity in Asia
226 Gospels & Acts 276 History of Christianity in Africa
227 Epistles 277 History of Christianity in North America
228 Revelation (Apocalypse) 278 History of Christianity in South America
229 Apocrypha & pseudepigrapha 279 History of Christianity in other areas
230 Christianity & Christian theology 280 Christian denominations & sects
231 God 281 Early church & Eastern churches
232 Jesus Christ & his family 282 Roman Catholic Church
233 Humankind 283 Anglican churches
234 Salvation & grace 284 Protestants of Continental origin
235 Spiritual beings 285 Presbyterian, Reformed & Congregational
236 Eschatology 286 Baptist, Disciples of Christ & Adventist
237 [Unassigned] 287 Methodist & related churches
238 Creeds & catechisms 288 [Unassigned]
239 Apologetics & polemics 289 Other denominations & sects
240 Christian moral & devotional theology 290 Other religions
241 Christian ethics 291 [Unassigned]
242 Devotional literature 292 Greek & Roman religion
243 Evangelistic writings for individuals 293 Germanic religion
244 [Unassigned] 294 Religions of Indic origin
245 [Unassigned] 295 Zoroastrianism
246 Use of art in Christianity 296 Judaism
247 Church furnishings & articles 297 Islam, Babism & Bahai Faith
248 Christian experience, practice & life 298 (Optional number)
249 Christian observances in family life 299 Religions not provided for elsewhere
300 -399
300 Social sciences 350 Public administration & military science
301 Sociology & anthropology 351 Public administration
302 Social interaction 352 General considerations of public administration
303 Social processes 353 Specific fields of public administration
304 Factors affecting social behavior 354 Administration of economy & environment
305 Social groups 355 Military science
306 Culture & institutions 356 Infantry forces & warfare
5|Page
307 Communities 357 Mounted forces & warfare

308 [Unassigned] 358 Air & other specialized forces
309 [Unassigned] 359 Sea forces & warfare
310 Collections of general statistics 360 Social problems & services; associations
311 [Unassigned] 361 Social problems & social welfare in general
312 [Unassigned] 362 Social welfare problems & services
313 [Unassigned] 363 Other social problems & services
314 General statistics of Europe 364 Criminology
315 General statistics of Asia 365 Penal & related institutions
316 General statistics of Africa 366 Associations
317 General statistics of North America 367 General clubs
318 General statistics of South America 368 Insurance
319 General statistics of other areas 369 Miscellaneous kinds of associations
320 Political science 370 Education
321 Systems of governments & states 371 Schools & their activities; special education
322 Relation of state to organized groups 372 Elementary education
323 Civil & political rights 373 Secondary education
324 The political process 374 Adult education
325 International migration & colonization 375 Curricula
326 Slavery & emancipation 376 [Unassigned]
327 International relations 377 [Unassigned]
328 The legislative process 378 Higher education
329 [Unassigned] 379 Public policy issues in education
330 Economics 380 Commerce, communications & transportation
331 Labor economics 381 Commerce
332 Financial economics 382 International commerce
333 Economics of land & energy 383 Postal communication
334 Cooperatives 384 Communications; telecommunication
335 Socialism & related systems 385 Railroad transportation
336 Public finance 386 Inland waterway & ferry transportation
337 International economics 387 Water, air & space transportation
338 Production 388 Transportation; ground transportation
339 Macroeconomics & related topics 389 Metrology & standardization
340 Law 390 Customs, etiquette & folklore
341 Law of nations 391 Costume & personal appearance
342 Constitutional & administrative law 392 Customs of life cycle & domestic life
343 Military, tax, trade & industrial law 393 Death customs
344 Labor, social, education & cultural law 394 General customs
345 Criminal law 395 Etiquette (Manners)
346 Private law 396 [Unassigned]
347 Civil procedure & courts 397 [Unassigned]
348 Laws, regulations & cases 398 Folklore
349 Law of specific jurisdictions & areas 399 Customs of war & diplomacy
400 -499
400 Language 450 Italian, Romanian & related languages
401 Philosophy & theory 451 Italian writing systems & phonology
402 Miscellany 452 Italian etymology
403 Dictionaries & encyclopedias 453 Italian dictionaries
404 Special topics 454 [Unassigned]
405 Serial publications 455 Italian grammar
406 Organizations & management 456 [Unassigned]
407 Education, research & related topics 457 Italian language variations
408 Kinds of persons treatment 458 Standard Italian usage
6|Page
409 Geographic & persons treatment 459 Romanian & related languages
410 Linguistics 460 Spanish & Portuguese languages
411 Writing systems 461 Spanish writing systems & phonology
412 Etymology 462 Spanish etymology
413 Dictionaries 463 Spanish dictionaries
414 Phonology & phonetics 464 [Unassigned]
415 Grammar 465 Spanish grammar
416 [Unassigned] 466 [Unassigned]
417 Dialectology & historical linguistics 467 Spanish language variations
418 Standard usage & applied linguistics 468 Standard Spanish usage
419 Sign languages 469 Portuguese
420 English & Old English 470 Italic languages; Latin
421 English writing system & phonology 471 Classical Latin writing & phonology
422 English etymology 472 Classical Latin etymology
423 English dictionaries 473 Classical Latin dictionaries
425 English grammar 475 Classical Latin grammar
427 English language variations 477 Old, postclassical & Vulgar Latin
428 Standard English usage 478 Classical Latin usage
429 Old English (Anglo-Saxon) 479 Other Italic languages
430 Germanic languages; German 480 Hellenic languages; classical Greek
431 German writing systems & phonology 481 Classical Greek writing & phonology
432 German etymology 482 Classical Greek etymology
433 German dictionaries 483 Classical Greek dictionaries
435 German grammar 485 Classical Greek grammar
437 German language variations 487 Preclassical & postclassical Greek
438 Standard German usage 488 Classical Greek usage
439 Other Germanic languages 489 Other Hellenic languages
440 Romance languages; French 490 Other languages
441 French writing systems & phonology 491 East Indo-European & Celtic languages
442 French etymology 492 Afro-Asiatic languages; Semitic languages
443 French dictionaries 493 Non-Semitic Afro-Asiatic languages
444 [Unassigned] 494 Altaic, Uralic, Hyperborean & Dravidian
445 French grammar 495 Languages of East & Southeast Asia
446 [Unassigned] 496 African languages
447 French language variations 497 North American native languages
448 Standard French usage 498 South American native languages
449 Occitan & Catalan 499 Austronesian & other languages
500 -599
500 Natural Sciences and Mathemetics 550 Earth sciences
501 Philosophy & theory 551 Geology, hydrology & meteorology
502 Miscellany 552 Petrology
503 Dictionaries & encyclopedias 553 Economic geology
504 [Unassigned] 554 Earth sciences of Europe
505 Serial publications 555 Earth sciences of Asia
506 Organizations & management 556 Earth sciences of Africa
507 Education, research & related topics 557 Earth sciences of North America
508 Natural history 558 Earth sciences of South America
509 Historical, geographic & persons treatment 559 Earth sciences of other areas
510 Mathematics 560 Paleontology; paleozoology
7|Page
511 General principles of mathematics 561 Paleobotany; fossil microorganisms

512 Algebra 562 Fossil invertebrates
513 Arithmetic 563 Fossil marine & seashore invertebrates
514 Topology 564 Fossil mollusks & molluscoids
515 Analysis 565 Fossil arthropods
516 Geometry 566 Fossil chordates
517 [Unassigned] 567 Fossil cold-blooded vertebrates; fossil fishes
518 Numerical analysis 568 Fossil birds
519 Probabilities & applied mathematics 569 Fossil mammals
520 Astronomy & allied sciences 570 Life sciences; biology
521 Celestial mechanics 571 Physiology & related subjects
522 Techniques, equipment & materials 572 Biochemistry
523 Specific celestial bodies & phenomena 573 Specific physiological systems in animals
525 Earth (Astronomical geography) 575 Specific parts of & systems in plants
526 Mathematical geography 576 Genetics & evolution
527 Celestial navigation 577 Ecology
528 Ephemerides 578 Natural history of organisms
529 Chronology 579 Microorganisms, fungi & algae
530 Physics 580 Plants (Botany)
531 Classical mechanics; solid mechanics 581 Specific topics in natural history
532 Fluid mechanics; liquid mechanics 582 Plants noted for characteristics & flowers
533 Gas mechanics 583 Dicotyledons
534 Sound & related vibrations 584 Monocotyledons
535 Light & infrared & ultraviolet phenomena 585 Gymnosperms; conifers
536 Heat 586 Seedless plants
537 Electricity & electronics 587 Vascular seedless plants
538 Magnetism 588 Bryophytes
539 Modern physics 589 [Unassigned]
540 Chemistry & allied sciences 590 Animals (Zoology)
541 Physical chemistry 591 Specific topics in natural history
542 Techniques, equipment & materials 592 Invertebrates
543 Analytical chemistry 593 Marine & seashore invertebrates
544 [Unassigned] 594 Mollusks & molluscoids
545 [Unassigned] 595 Arthropods
546 Inorganic chemistry 596 Chordates
547 Organic chemistry 597 Cold-blooded vertebrates; fishes
548 Crystallography 598 Birds
549 Mineralogy 599 Mammals
600 -669
600 Technology 650 Management & auxiliary services
601 Philosophy & theory 651 Office services
602 Miscellany 652 Processes of written communication
603 Dictionaries & encyclopedias 653 Shorthand
604 Special topics 654 [Unassigned]
605 Serial publications 655 [Unassigned]
606 Organizations 656 [Unassigned]
607 Education, research & related topics 657 Accounting
608 Inventions & patents 658 General management
609 Historical, geographic & persons treatment 659 Advertising & public relations
610 Medicine & health 660 Chemical engineering
611 Human anatomy, cytology & histology 661 Industrial chemicals
612 Human physiology 662 Explosives, fuels & related products
8|Page
613 Personal health & safety 663 Beverage technology

614 Incidence & prevention of disease 664 Food technology
615 Pharmacology & therapeutics 665 Industrial oils, fats, waxes & gases
616 Diseases 666 Ceramic & allied technologies
617 Surgery & related medical specialties 667 Cleaning, color & coating technologies
618 Gynecology, obstetrics, pediatrics & geriatrics 668 Technology of other organic products
619 [Unassigned] 669 Metallurgy
620 Engineering & allied operations 670 Manufacturing
621 Applied physics 671 Metalworking & primary metal products
622 Mining & related operations 672 Iron, steel & other iron alloys
623 Military & nautical engineering 673 Nonferrous metals
624 Civil engineering 674 Lumber processing, wood products & cork
625 Engineering of railroads & roads 675 Leather & fur processing
626 [Unassigned] 676 Pulp & paper technology
627 Hydraulic engineering 677 Textiles
628 Sanitary & municipal engineering 678 Elastomers & elastomer products
629 Other branches of engineering 679 Other products of specific materials
630 Agriculture & related technologies 680 Manufacture for specific uses
631 Techniques, equipment & materials 681 Precision instruments & other devices
632 Plant injuries, diseases & pests 682 Small forge work (Blacksmithing)
633 Field & plantation crops 683 Hardware & household appliances
634 Orchards, fruits & forestry 684 Furnishings & home workshops
635 Garden crops (Horticulture) 685 Leather, fur goods & related products
636 Animal husbandry 686 Printing & related activities
637 Processing dairy & related products 687 Clothing & accessories
638 Insect culture 688 Other final products & packaging
639 Hunting, fishing & conservation 689 [Unassigned]
640 Home & family management 690 Buildings
641 Food & drink 691 Building materials
642 Meals & table service 692 Auxiliary construction practices
643 Housing & household equipment 693 Specific materials & purposes
644 Household utilities 694 Wood construction & carpentry
645 Household furnishings 695 Roof covering
646 Sewing, clothing & personal living 696 Utilities
647 Management of public households 697 Heating, ventilating & air-conditioning
648 Housekeeping 698 Detail finishing
649 Child rearing & home care of persons 699 [Unassigned]
700 -799
700 The arts; fine & decorative arts 750 Painting & paintings
701 Philosophy of fine & decorative arts 751 Techniques, equipment, materials & forms
702 Miscellany of fine & decorative arts 752 Color
703 Dictionaries of fine & decorative arts 753 Symbolism, allegory, mythology & legend
704 Special topics in fine & decorative arts 754 Genre paintings
705 Serial publications of fine & decorative arts 755 Religion
706 Organizations & management 756 [Unassigned]
707 Education, research & related topics 757 Human figures
708 Galleries, museums & private collections 758 Other subjects
709 Historical, geographic & persons treatment 759 Historical, geographic & persons treatment
710 Civic & landscape art 760 Graphic arts; printmaking & prints
711 Area planning 761 Relief processes (Block printing)
712 Landscape architecture 762 [Unassigned]
713 Landscape architecture of trafficways 763 Lithographic processes
714 Water features 764 Chromolithography & serigraphy
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715 Woody plants 765 Metal engraving

716 Herbaceous plants 766 Mezzotinting, aquatinting & related processes
717 Structures in landscape architecture 767 Etching & drypoint
718 Landscape design of cemeteries 768 [Unassigned]
719 Natural landscapes 769 Prints
720 Architecture 770 Photography, photographs & computer art
721 Architectural structure 771 Techniques, equipment & materials
722 Architecture to ca. 300 772 Metallic salt processes
723 Architecture from ca. 300 to 1399 773 Pigment processes of printing
724 Architecture from 1400 774 Holography
725 Public structures 775 Digital photography
726 Buildings for religious purposes 776 Computer art (Digital art)
727 Buildings for education & research 777 [Unassigned]
728 Residential & related buildings 778 Fields & kinds of photography
729 Design & decoration 779 Photographs
730 Plastic arts; sculpture 780 Music
731 Processes, forms & subjects of sculpture 781 General principles & musical forms
732 Sculpture to ca. 500 782 Vocal music
733 Greek, Etruscan & Roman sculpture 783 Music for single voices; the voice
734 Sculpture from ca. 500 to 1399 784 Instruments & instrumental ensembles
735 Sculpture from 1400 785 Ensembles with one instrument per part
736 Carving & carvings 786 Keyboard & other instruments
737 Numismatics & sigillography 787 Stringed instruments
738 Ceramic arts 788 Wind instruments
739 Art metalwork 789 (Optional number)
740 Drawing & decorative arts 790 Recreational & performing arts
741 Drawing & drawings 791 Public performances
742 Perspective 792 Stage presentations
743 Drawing & drawings by subject 793 Indoor games & amusements
744 [Unassigned] 794 Indoor games of skill
745 Decorative arts 795 Games of chance
746 Textile arts 796 Athletic & outdoor sports & games
747 Interior decoration 797 Aquatic & air sports
748 Glass 798 Equestrian sports & animal racing
749 Furniture & accessories 799 Fishing, hunting & shooting
800 -899
800 Literature & rhetoric 850 Italian, Romanian & related literatures
801 Philosophy & theory 851 Italian poetry
802 Miscellany 852 Italian drama
803 Dictionaries & encyclopedias 853 Italian fiction
804 [Unassigned] 854 Italian essays
805 Serial publications 855 Italian speeches
806 Organizations & management 856 Italian letters
807 Education, research & related topics 857 Italian humor & satire
808 Rhetoric & collections of literature 858 Italian miscellaneous writings
809 History, description & criticism 859 Romanian & related literatures
810 American literature in English 860 Spanish & Portuguese literatures
811 American poetry in English 861 Spanish poetry
812 American drama in English 862 Spanish drama
813 American fiction in English 863 Spanish fiction
814 American essays in English 864 Spanish essays
815 American speeches in English 865 Spanish speeches
816 American letters in English 866 Spanish letters
10 | P a g e
817 American humor & satire in English 867 Spanish humor & satire
818 American miscellaneous writings 868 Spanish miscellaneous writings
819 (Optional number) 869 Portuguese literature
820 English & Old English literatures 870 Italic literatures; Latin literature
821 English poetry 871 Latin poetry
822 English drama 872 Latin dramatic poetry & drama
823 English fiction 873 Latin epic poetry & fiction
824 English essays 874 Latin lyric poetry
825 English speeches 875 Latin speeches
826 English letters 876 Latin letters
827 English humor & satire 877 Latin humor & satire
828 English miscellaneous writings 878 Latin miscellaneous writings
829 Old English (Anglo-Saxon) 879 Literatures of other Italic languages
830 Literatures of Germanic languages 880 Hellenic literatures; classical Greek
831 German poetry 881 Classical Greek poetry
832 German drama 882 Classical Greek dramatic poetry & drama
833 German fiction 883 Classical Greek epic poetry & fiction
834 German essays 884 Classical Greek lyric poetry
835 German speeches 885 Classical Greek speeches
836 German letters 886 Classical Greek letters
837 German humor & satire 887 Classical Greek humor & satire
838 German miscellaneous writings 888 Classical Greek miscellaneous writings
839 Other Germanic literatures 889 Modern Greek literature
840 Literatures of Romance languages 890 Literatures of other languages
841 French poetry 891 East Indo-European & Celtic literatures
842 French drama 892 Afro-Asiatic literatures; Semitic literatures
843 French fiction 893 Non-Semitic Afro-Asiatic literatures
844 French essays 894 Altaic, Uralic, Hyperborean & Dravidian
845 French speeches 895 Literatures of East & Southeast Asia
846 French letters 896 African literatures
847 French humor & satire 897 North American native literatures
848 French miscellaneous writings 898 South American native literatures
849 Occitan & Catalan literatures 899 Austronesian & other literatures
900 -999
900 History & geography 950 History of Asia; Far East
901 Philosophy & theory 951 China & adjacent areas
902 Miscellany 952 Japan
903 Dictionaries & encyclopedias 953 Arabian Peninsula & adjacent areas
904 Collected accounts of events 954 South Asia; India
905 Serial publications 955 Iran
906 Organizations & management 956 Middle East (Near East)
907 Education, research & related topics 957 Siberia (Asiatic Russia)
908 Kinds of persons treatment 958 Central Asia
909 World history 959 Southeast Asia
910 Geography & travel 960 History of Africa
911 Historical geography 961 Tunisia & Libya
912 Atlases, maps, charts & plans 962 Egypt & Sudan
913 Geography of & travel in ancient world 963 Ethiopia & Eritrea
914 Geography of & travel in Europe 964 Northwest African coast & offshore islands
915 Geography of & travel in Asia 965 Algeria
916 Geography of & travel in Africa 966 West Africa & offshore islands
917 Geography of & travel in North America 967 Central Africa & offshore islands
918 Geography of & travel in South America 968 Southern Africa; Republic of South Africa
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919 Geography of & travel in other areas 969 South Indian Ocean islands
920 Biography, genealogy & insignia 970 History of North America
921 (Optional number) 971 Canada
922 (Optional number) 972 Middle America; Mexico
923 (Optional number) 973 United States
924 (Optional number) 974 Northeastern United States
925 (Optional number) 975 Southeastern United States
926 (Optional number) 976 South central United States
927 (Optional number) 977 North central United States
928 (Optional number) 978 Western United States
929 Genealogy, names & insignia 979 Great Basin & Pacific Slope region
930 History of ancient world to ca. 499 980 History of South America
931 China to 420 981 Brazil
932 Egypt to 640 982 Argentina
933 Palestine to 70 983 Chile
934 India to 647 984 Bolivia
935 Mesopotamia & Iranian Plateau to 637 985 Peru
936 Europe north & west of Italy to ca. 499 986 Colombia & Ecuador
937 Italy & adjacent territories to 476 987 Venezuela
938 Greece to 323 988 Guiana
939 Other parts of ancient world to ca. 640 989 Paraguay & Uruguay
940 History of Europe 990 History of other areas
941 British Isles 991 [Unassigned]
942 England & Wales 992 [Unassigned]
943 Central Europe; Germany 993 New Zealand
944 France & Monaco 994 Australia
945 Italian Peninsula & adjacent islands 995 Melanesia; New Guinea
946 Iberian Peninsula & adjacent islands 996 Other parts of Pacific; Polynesia
947 Eastern Europe; Russia 997 Atlantic Ocean islands
948 Scandinavia 998 Arctic islands & Antarctica
949 Other parts of Europe 999 Extraterrestrial worlds
ARRANGEMENT OF DDC
Volume 1:
(A) New Features in Edition 22: A brief explanation of the special features and
changes in DDC 22
(B) Introduction: A description of the DDC and how to use it
(C) Glossary: Short definitions of terms used in the DDC
(D) Index to the Introduction and Glossary
(E) Manual: A guide to the use of the DDC that is made up primarily of extended
discussions of problem areas in the application of the DDC. Information in the
Manual is arranged by the numbers in the tables and schedules
(F) Tables: six numbered table of notation that can be added to class numbers to
provide greater specificity
(G) Lists that compare Editions 21 and 22: Relocations and Discontinuations;
Reused Numbers
Volume 2:
(H)DDC Summaries: The top three levels of the DDC (provide an
overview of the structure of classes)
(I) Schedules: The organization of knowledge from 000-599
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Volume 3:
(J) Schedules: The organization of knowledge from 600-999
Volume 4:
(K) Relative Index: An alphabetical list of subjects with the
disciplines in which they are treater subarranged alphabetically
under each entry
TABLES IN DDC
Table 1. Standard Subdivisions (notation from this table may be added to any
number in the schedules unless there is a specific instruction to the contrary
Table 2. Geographic areas, Historical periods, Persons
Table 3. Subdivisions for the Arts, for Individual Literatures, for Specific
Literary Forms (usually used in class 800 as instructed, usually following numbers
for designated specific languages in 810-890).
T3A Subdivisions for works by or about individual authors
T3B Subdivisions for works by or about more than one
author
T3C Notation to be added where instructed in Table 3B,
700.4, 791.4, 808-809.
Table 4. Subdivisions for Individual Languages and Language Families (used as

instructed in class 400, following numbers for designated specific languages or
language families in 420 – 490.
Table 5. Racial, Ethnical and National Groups (added thru the use of standard
subdivision 089 from table 1, e.g. Ceramics arts of Chinese artists throughout the
world is 738.089951 (738 Ceramic arts + 089 Ethnic and national groups from table
1 + 951 Chinese from table 5)
Table 6. Languages – used to provide the basis for building a specific language
number in 490 (to which notation from table 4 is sometimes added) and to provide
the basis for building a specific literature number in 890 (to which notation from
Table 3 is sometime added). Table 2 is also used in Table 2 under -175 Regions
where specific langauges predominate, and at various points in the schedules.
BUILDING CALL NUMBER (DDC)
1. Combining Schedule Numbers
1.1. Adding an entire number to a base number
Example 1: A bibliography of physics

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Bibliography 016
(The main number for bibliographies and catalogs of works on
specific subjects or in specific disciplines with a note to “add to
base number 016 notation 001-999” the number for the specific
subject)
The number for Physics 530
The subject number added to the base number 016.530
The resulting number with a decimal point and removal of terminal 016.53
zero
Example 2: Educational Psychology
Education 370
Psychology 150
The resulting number with a decimal point and removal of terminal 370.15
zero
Example 3: Paper Industry

Industries 338.47
Paper production 676.2
The subject number added to the base number 338.47 6762
The resulting number with a decimal point and removal of 338.47
terminal zero
1. 2. Adding a fraction of a number to a base number

Example 1: A general Russian periodical
All serial publications 050

General serial publication in Slavic languages 057
Number for Russian 037.1
With a decimal point inserted 057.1
2. Using Table 1: Standard Subdivision
2.1. Exceptions to the Single – Zero Rule
Political Science 320

Philosophy and theory .01
Standard Subdivision .02 -08
A journal on political science 320.05
2.2. Other examples

14 | P a g e
The use of computers in education worldwide

Education 370
Computer applications (Table 1) -0 285
Add 370 and -0 285 with decimal point 370.285
Resulting Number
3. Using Table 2: Geographic Areas, Historical Periods, Persons
3.1. Used directly when so noted with numbers from schedules
Example 1: Geology of Finland

Geology of Europe, with instruction to add area notation – 41 to – 550
49 to base number 55
(Geology is under 550)
Geology of Europe 554
The area notation for Finland (Table 2) -4 897
Add Geology of Europe to Area Notation for Finland (Resulting 554.897
Number)
Example 2: Austrian Cooking

Cooking 641.5
The area notation for Austria (Table 2) -9 436
Add area notation to the base number (Resulting number) 641.59436
Example 3: French Cooking

Cooking 641.5
The area notation for French (Table 2) -9 44
Add area notation to the base number (Resulting number) 641.5944
3.2. Used with another number from Table 2
Example 1: Foreign relations between Japan and Great Britain

The base number for foreign relations between specific nations 327
(International Relations)
Area notation for Japan -52
Area notation for Great Britain -41
As instructed, add area notation for one nation to the base
number, add 0, and to the result add area notation for the other
nation. The order of the area notations is determined by the
emphasis of the work.
Meaning, if Japan is emphasized the resulting number should be

327.52041
But, if Great Britain is emphasized the resulting number should

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be 327.41052
If the priority is equal, give priority to the one coming first in the
sequence of area notations.
Resulting Number 327.52041
4. Using Table 3: Subdivisions for Individual Literatures
Example 1. A Collection of Christmas Literature

The base number for a collection of literature displaying specific 808.80
features
Notation from Table 3-C for themes relating to times (seasons, -33
holidays, etc.)
Add the notation to the base number 808.8033
Example 2. Collection of Christmas Poetry

The base number for a collection of poetry displaying specific 808.819
features
Notation from Table 3-C for holidays -33
Add the notation to the base number 808.81933
5. Using Table 4: Subdivisions of Individual Languages
Example 1. Intonation of German Language

Base number for German Language 43
Subdivision for intonation from Table 4 -16
Add base number and subdivision 431.6
Example 2. A German – French Dictionary

Base number for German Language 43
Subdivisions for bilingual dictionaries - 32 -39
Language notation for the French language from Table 6 - 41
Add language notation to subdivisions and base number with 433.41
decimal point
Example 3. An English – Spanish, Spanish English Dictionary

Base number for Spanish as the “ more useful” for English – 46
speaking users
Subdivisions for bilingual dictionaries - 32 -39
Add languages notation (-21) for English from Table 6 to the -3 21
subdivision for dictionaries (-3) in Table 4
Add -3 21 to the base number with decimal point inserted 463.21
Example 4. English Word Origins

Base number for English language 42
Notation for etymology from Table 4 -2
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Add notation to the base number 422
6. Using Table 5: Racial, Ethnic, National Groups
Example 1. Social groups among the Chinese

Base number for racial, ethnic, national groups 305.8
Notation for Chinese -951
Add notation for Chinese to the base number 305.8951
Example 2. Decorative arts of the Chinese

Base number for decorative and minor arts 745
Standard subdivision for treatment among specific racial, ethnic, -089
national groups
Notation for Chinese -951
Add the three numbers 745.089951
7. Using Table 6: Languages
Notations from table 6 represent the language aspect, or facet, of a subject and are used with base
numbers from schedules. They are added as instructed, a procedure similar to that employed with
tables 2 and 5.
Example 1. A French Bible

Base number for Bible (translations) 220.5
Notation for French (Table 6) -41
Example 2. A general Japanese periodical

Base number for General Serial Publications in other languages 059
Notation for Japanese -956
8. Using Table 7: Persons
Example 1. Children as artists

Base number for Special topics in fine and Decorative arts 704
Notation for Children (Table 7) -054
Example 2. Paintings by athletes

Base number for Painting and Paintings 750
Standard subdivision for “History and description with respect -088
to kinds of persons”
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--Occupational and religious groups

Notation for “Athletics and outdoor sports and games -796
AUTHOR NOTATION
-Initial based on the main entry

a. Initial of author’s last name, ex. D H
b. For slightly larger collections, the several letters of the main entry,
ex. Dic Hen
c. May use author’s surname, ex. Dickenson Henson
CUTTER NUMBER
-Author number is derived by combining the initial letter or letters of the author’s last name with
numbers from a numerical table that was designed to ensure an alphabetical arrangement of names.
a. Locate the first few letters of the author’s surname or corporate name
which is the main entry of the work.
b. Use only the boldface letters shown in the combination of Arabic

numbers next to it.
Dewes 514
Dewey 515
Dewil 516
c. Where there is no Cutter number that fits a name exactly, use the first
of the two numbers closest to the name.
T325 for Thackeray based on
Thacher 325
Thad 326
d. Cutter numbers are treated decimally therefore any number can be

extended by adding extra digits at its end. Usually number 5 or 6 is
chosen as the extra digit to give room on both sides for future
interpolation. Zero (0) is normally excluded because it is usually
mistake for the letter o.
Sm52 Benjamin Smith

Sm53 Charles Smith
Sm525 Brian Smith
e. When two authors classified in the same number share the same
Cutter number in the table assign a different number for the second
author by adding a digit.
18 | P a g e
M315 Mann
M315 Heinrich Mann
M3155 Thomas Mann
f. Names beginning with Mc, M’ are treated as though they were spelled
Mac.
g. When the main entry is under title, the Cutter number is taken from
the first word of the title, articles disregarded.
h. For individual biographies, the cutter number is taken from the name
of the biographies rather than the main entry.
19 | P a g e
Exercise No. 1
Building Call Number using DDC
Provide the classification and book numbers for the following books using DDC and the Cutter’s
table. State the processes on how you derived the classification number of the given books.
Title of the book Author Call Number

1. Political Philosophy Swift, Adam _________________
2. History of Philosophy Copleston, Frederick _________________
3. Dictionary of Management Ahuya, B.N. _________________
4. Educational Psychology Aquino, Gaudencio V. _________________
5. Encyclopedia of Physics Blackwood, Oswald H. _________________
CHAPTER II
20 | P a g e
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM
Background
The Library of Congress Classification (LCC) was developed for the Library of Congress,
beginning in 1897, by James Hanson (chief of the Catalog Department) and his assistant Charles
Martel. It was decided that the previous system was no longer adequate for the collection of almost
one million volumes. The previous system was Thomas Jefferson’s own system for his personal
library of nearly 7,000 volumes, which he sold to Congress when it burned down in 1814.
During the development process, several schemes were studied: The Dewey Decimal
Classification (in its 5th edition at the time), Cutter’s Expansive Classification and the German
Halle Schema. None of these systems was adopted in full, but the outline and notation of the main
classes are similar to Charles Ammi Cutter’s Expansive Classification.
The classification system which they developed was based on the books in the Library of
Congress’s collection at the time, without any thought that other libraries might want to adopt the
system to arrange their own collections.
Each schedules was developed by its own group of subject specialists who based their decisions:
 On the shelf arrangement of the collections as they existed
 On their probable future expansion
 On the special needs of the subject area and how information in the subject area was used.
The schedule were progressively developed over the century. The first schedule, E-F History:
America (Western Hemisphere), was published in 1901 and was followed in 1902 by Z
Bibliography. Library Science. The first Law schedule – the Law of the United States – appeared
in 1969 and other Law schedules are still being produced.
What is Library of Congress Classification System?

 A system for arranging items in the library
 an alpha-numeric system – in which each book is assigned a “call
number” comprised of letters and numerals
Features of LCC
1. Schedules
“The enumerated classes of classification scheme arranged in alphabetical and numerical order.”
There are 43 LCC schedules. Each schedule has:
 a preface
 an outline
21 | P a g e
 the body of the schedule

 tables after the body
 an index
List of Schedules
1. A: General Works (2012)

2. B-BJ: Philosophy, Psychology (2012)
3. BL-BQ: Religion (General). Hinduism, Judaism, Islam, Buddhism (2008)
4. BR-BX: Christianity, Bible (2008)
5. C: Auxiliary Sciences of History (2008)
6. D-DR: History (General) and History of Europe (2011)
7. DS-DX: History of Asia, Africa, Australia, New Zealand, etc. (2012)
8. E-F: History: America (2011) 9. G: Geography. Maps. Anthropology. Recreation (2007)
9. H: Social Sciences (2008)
10. J: Political Science (2012)
11. JZ and KZ: Historical Notes and Introduction to Application (2011)
12. K Tables (apply to all Library of Congress Classification: K subclasses except KD, KE,
and KF): Form Division Tables For Law (2010)
13. K: Law in General. Comparative and Uniform Law. Jurisprudence (2012)
14. KB: Religious Law (2008)
15. KD: Law of the United Kingdom and Ireland (2008)
16. KDZ, KG-KH: Law of the Americas, Latin America, and the West Indies (2008)
17. KE: Law of Canada (2008)
18. KF: Law of the United States (2012)
19. KJ-KKZ: Law of Europe (2008)
20. KJV-KJW: Law of France (2008)
21. KK-KKC: Law of Germany (2008)
22. KL-KWX: Law of Asia and Eurasia, Africa, Pacific Area, and Antarctica (2008)
23. KZ: Law of Nations (2012)
24. L: Education (2012)
25. M: Music and Books on Music (2010)
26. N: Fine Arts (2010)
27. P-PA: Philology and Linguistics (General). Greek Language and Literature. Latin
Language and Literature (2010)
28. P-PZ Tables: Language and Literature Tables (2010)
29. PB-PH: Modern European Languages (2009)
30. PJ-PK: Oriental Philology and Literature, Indo-Iranian Philology and Literature (2008)
31. PL-PM: Languages of Eastern Asia, Africa, Oceania. Hyperborean, Indian, and Artificial
Languages (2010)
32. PN: Literature (General) (2010)
33. PQ: French, Italian, Spanish, and Portuguese Literatures (2008)
34. PR, PS, PZ: English and American Literature. Juvenile Belles Lettres (2012)
35. PT: German, Dutch, and Scandinavian Literatures (2009)
36. Q: Science (2012)
37. R: Medicine (2012)
38. S: Agriculture (2012)
39. T: Technology (2010)
22 | P a g e
40. U-V: Military Science. Naval Science (2008)

41. Z: Bibliography. Library Science. Information Resources. (2009)
2. Notation
“The series of symbols which stands for the classes, subclasses, divisions and subdivisions of
classes.”
The notation is alphanumeric. A call number:

 starts with one, two or three letters
 is follow by a number up to four digits
 is sometimes followed by a decimal number
 is follow by an alphanumeric (the cutter number)
 ends with a date of publication
3. Index
“An alphabetical list of terms in a work usually found at the back. Each schedule has its own
index. There is no one overall index to the scheme.”
4. Hierarchy
“The ranked order of subjects in a classification scheme.”
The LCC scheme conveys hierarchy through the use of main classes and subclasses and by
arrangement of topics from general to specific.
The page layout of the schedules conveys hierarchy and meaning by the order , alignment, and
indention of topics and subtopics, rather than by the numerical values assigned.
5. Number building
“Construction of classification numbers not listed in the schedules, following instructions given in
the schedules and tables.”
LCC is an enumerative system, in that it tries to spell out as many subject concepts as possible.
LCC uses number building to expand the classification scheme so that it includes items not already
spelled out in the schedules. This is done by using numbers provided in tables in a particular
schedule, or by use of the instruction A-Z for the alphabetical arrangement by place, person or
topic.
6. Revision
“A new edition also incorporates changes and additions since the last edition.”
Schedules are revised individually. They are not all revised at the same time. However, additions
and changes are continuous, and the Library of Congress website and various publications of the
library should be consulted for the most recent information.
Advantages and Disadvantages of LCC

23 | P a g e
Advantages
 Can be expanded
 Allow a unique number to be assigned to a work
 Cutter numbers give flexibility
 LC numbers are available in LC MARC
 LCC scheme has the resources of a large, non-profit institution behind it.
Disadvantages
 Large number of schedules

 Has no overall index
 The American emphasis in geographical arrangement is very large
 There is a time between revisions of editions
 Changes in the schedules need to be checked in supplementary publications
 New editions of the schedules sometimes require reclassification decisions
 There is little documentation on how to use the classification
 The classification depends on acquisition of the Library of Congress
Main Class of LCC

A - General Works
B - Philosophy, Psychology, Religion
C - Auxiliary Sciences of History (General)
D - World History (except American History)
E and F - American History
F - Local History of the United States and British, Dutch, French, and Latin
America
G - Geography, Anthropology, Recreation
H - Social Sciences
J - Political Science
K - Law
L - Education
M - Music
N - Fine arts
P - Language and Literature
Q - Science
R - Medicine
S - Agriculture
T - Technology
U - Military Science
V - Naval Science
Z - Bibliography, Library Science
Sub-Class of LCC
24 | P a g e
Class A - General Works

AC - Collections. Series. Collected works
AE – Encyclopedias
AG - Dictionaries and other general reference works
AI - Indexes
AM - Museums. Collectors and collecting
AN - Newspapers
AP - Periodicals
AS - Academies and learned societies
AY - Yearbooks. Almanacs. Directories
AZ - History of scholarship and learning. The humanities
Class B - Philosophy, Psychology, Religion

B - Philosophy (General)
BC - Logic
BD - Speculative philosophy
BF - Psychology
BH - Aesthetics
BJ - Ethics
BL - Religions. Mythology. Rationalism
BM - Judaism
BP - Islam. Bahaism. Theosophy, etc.
BQ - Buddhism
BR - Christianity
BS - The Bible
BT - Doctrinal Theology
BV - Practical Theology
BX - Christian Denominations
Class C - Auxiliary Sciences of History (General)

CB - History of Civilization
CC - Archaeology
CD - Diplomatics. Archives. Seals
CE - Technical Chronology. Calendar
CJ - Numismatics
CN - Inscriptions. Epigraphy
CR - Heraldry
CS - Genealogy
CT - Biography
Class D - World History (except American History)
D - History (General)
DA - Great Britain
DAW - Central Europe
DB - Austria - Liechtenstein - Hungary – Czechoslovakia
DC - France - Andorra - Monaco
DD - Germany
DE - Greco-Roman World
25 | P a g e
DF - Greece
DG - Italy - Malta
DH - Low Countries - Benelux Countries
DJ - Netherlands (Holland)
DJK - Eastern Europe (General)
DK - Russia. Soviet Union. Former Soviet Republics - Poland
DL - Northern Europe. Scandinavia
DP - Spain - Portugal
DQ – Switzerland
DR - Balkan Peninsula
DS - Asia
DT - Africa
DU - Oceania (South Seas)
DX - Gypsies
Class E and F - American History
Class F - Local History of the United States and British, Dutch,

French, and Latin America
Class G - Geography, Anthropology, Recreation

G - Geography (General). Atlases. Maps
GA - Mathematical geography. Cartography
GB - Physical geography
GC - Oceanography
GE - Environmental Sciences
GF - Human ecology. Anthropogeography
GN - Anthropology
GR - Folklore
GT - Manners and customs (General)
GV - Recreation. Leisure
Class H - Social Sciences

H - Social sciences (General)
HA - Statistics
HB - Economic theory. Demography
HC - Economic history and conditions
HD - Industries. Land use. Labor
HE - Transportation and communications
HF - Commerce
HG - Finance
HJ - Public finance
HM - Sociology (General)
HN - Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform
HQ - The family. Marriage. Women
HS - Societies: secret, benevolent, etc.
HT - Communities. Classes. Races
HV - Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminology
26 | P a g e
HX - Socialism. Communism. Anarchism
Class J - Political Science

J - General legislative and executive papers
JA - Political science (General)
JC - Political theory
JF - Political institutions and public administration
JJ - Political institutions and public administration (North America)
JK - Political institutions and public administration (United States)
JL - Political institutions and public administration (Canada, Latin America,
etc.)
JN - Political institutions and public administration (Europe)
JQ - Political institutions and public administration (Asia, Africa, Australia,
Pacific Area, etc.)
JS - Local government. Municipal government
JV - Colonies and colonization. Emigration and immigration. International
migration
JX - International law, see JZ and KZ (obsolete)
JZ - International relations
Class L - Education
L - Education (General)
LA - History of education
LB - Theory and practice of education
LC - Special aspects of education
LD - Individual institutions - United States
LE - Individual institutions - America (except United States)
LF - Individual institutions - Europe
LG - Individual institutions - Asia, Africa, Indian Ocean islands, Australia,
New Zealand, Pacific islands
LH - College and school magazines and papers
LJ - Student fraternities and societies, United States
LT - Textbooks
Class M - Music
M - Music
ML - Literature on music
MT - Instruction and study
Class N - Fine arts

N - Visual arts
NA - Architecture
NB - Sculpture
NC - Drawing. Design. Illustration
ND - Painting
NE - Print media
27 | P a g e
NK - Decorative arts
NX - Arts in general
Class P - Language and Literature

P - Philology. Linguistics
PA - Greek language and literature. Latin language and literature
PB - Modern languages. Celtic languages
PC - Romanic languages
PD - Germanic languages. Scandinavian languages
PE - English language
PF - West Germanic languages
PG - Slavic languages and literatures. Baltic languages. Albanian language
PH - Uralic languages. Basque language
PJ - Oriental languages and literatures
PK - Indo-Iranian languages and literatures
PL - Languages and literatures of Eastern Asia, Africa, Oceania
PM - Hyperborean, Native American, and artificial languages
PN - Literature (General)
PQ - French literature - Italian literature - Spanish literature - Portuguese
literature
PR - English literature
PS - American literature
PT - German literature - Dutch literature - Flemish literature since 1830 –
Afrikaans literature –Scandinavian literature - Old Norse literature: Old
Icelandic and Old Norwegian – Modern Icelandic literature - Faroese
literature - Danish literature - Norwegian literature – Swedish literature
PZ - Fiction and juvenile belles letters
Class Q - Science
Q - Science (General)
QA - Mathematics
QB - Astronomy
QC - Physics
QD - Chemistry
QE - Geology
QH - Natural history - Biology
QK - Botany
QL - Zoology
QM - Human anatomy
QP - Physiology
QR - Microbiology
Class R - Medicine
R - Medicine (General)
RA - Public aspects of medicine
RB - Pathology
RC - Internal medicine
RD - Surgery
28 | P a g e
RE - Ophthalmology
RF - Otorhinolaryngology
RG - Gynecology and Obstetrics
RJ - Pediatrics
RK - Dentistry
RL - Dermatology
RM - Therapeutics. Pharmacology
RS - Pharmacy and materia medica
RT - Nursing
RV - Botanic, Thomsonian, and Eclectic medicine
RX - Homeopathy
RZ - Other systems of medicine
Class S - Agriculture
S - Agriculture (General)
SB - Horticulture. Plant propagation. Plant breeding
SD - Forestry. Arboriculture. Silviculture
SF - Animal husbandry. Animal science
SH - Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling
SK - Hunting
Class T - Technology
T - Technology (General)
TA - Engineering Civil engineering (General).
TC - Hydraulic engineering. Ocean engineering
TD - Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
TE - Highway engineering. Roads and pavements
TF - Railroad engineering and operation
TG - Bridges
TH - Building construction
TJ - Mechanical engineering and machinery
TK - Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering
TL - Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics
TN - Mining engineering. Metallurgy
TP - Chemical technology
TR – Photography
TS - Manufacturing engineering. Mass production
TT - Handicrafts. Arts and crafts
TX - Home economics
Class U - Military Science

U - Military science (General)
UA - Armies: Organization, distribution, military situation
UB - Military administration
UC - Military maintenance and transportation
UD - Infantry
UE - Cavalry. Armor
UF - Artillery
29 | P a g e
UG - Military engineering. Air forces

UH - Other military services
Class V - Naval Science

V - Naval science (General)
VA - Navies: Organization, distribution, naval situation
VB - Naval administration
VC - Naval maintenance
VD - Naval seamen
VE - Marines
VF - Naval ordnance
VG - Minor services of navies
VK - Navigation. Merchant marine
VM - Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering
Class Z - Bibliography, Library Science

Z - Books (General). Writing. Paleography. Book industries and trade.
Libraries. Bibliography
ZA - Information resources (General)
Letters not included in LCC System
I, O, W, X, and Y
Reasons:
• According to the Cataloguing Policy and Support Office of the Library of Congress, the
letters I, O, W, X and Y of the Library of Congress Classification System is reserved for
future classifications.
• The letters I and O were intentionally omitted by Putnam - the person who developed the
classification.
• He reasoned both letters could be easily confused as numbers.
• As for the letters X and Y (YA), both were used by Special Collections as an internal index
while the letter W is currently in use by the National Library of Medicine.
Building A Call Number (LCC)
Call Numbers in LCC is alphanumeric
- They have a mixed notation of letters and numbers

- Made up of two main parts: Class Number and Book Number
Class Number may consist of:
 the class or subclass letters (one to three letters)

 a whole number which subdivides that class or subclass
 decimal extension (according to the schedules)
 cutter number (according to the schedules)
30 | P a g e
Book Number consists of:
 cutter for the main entry

 year of publication
Example 1: An Introductory text on Geometry
by Andrew Brady - Published in 1998 QA

445
.B73
1998
QA Represents the subclass Mathematics from the Q schedule
445 Subdivides Mathematics more specifically to Geometry
.B73 Is the cutter number based on the main entry of the bibliographic record (which should
be a personal author, corporate author, or the title of the work)
In this call number the main entry is the author. The cutter number:
- is preceded by a decimal point
- is constructed using the Library of Congress
Cutter Table
1998 Is the date of publication
Example 2: Computer programming languages QA

76
By Schmidt - Published in 1994 .7
.S36
1994
QA Mathematics
76 Electronic computers
.7 Programming languages
The decimal extension breaks down the subject of computers to a more specific topic.
.S36 Cutter for the author in the main entry (Schmidt)

1994 Year of publication
Example 3: Reengineering COBOL QA

76
By Levey - Published in 1995 .73
.C25
.L48
1995 31 | P a g e
QA Mathematics
76 Electronic computers
.73 Individual programming languages
.C25 First cutter for the programming language COBOL
.L48 Second cutter for the author in the main entry (Levey)
1995 Year of publication
Cutter Number
Cutter number as part of class number – Cutter numbers are to be used for geographic division of
the subject; or to represent individual properties after the main class number.
Cutter number as book number- based on the main entry; used to distinguish different works on
the same subject that have been given the same class number.
(1) After initial vowels for b d l–m n p r s-t u–y

the second letter: 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
use number
(2) After initial letter S for the a ch e h–i m-p t u w-z
second letter: 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
use number
(3) After initial letters Qu for a e i o r t y
the second letter: 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
use number:
For initial letters Qa- Qt,
use 2-29
(4) After initial consonants for a e i o r u y
the second letter: use number: 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
(5) For expansion for the a-d e-h i-l m-o p-s t-v w-z
letter: use number: 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
LCC Cutter Numbers are used in different ways:
 to give a unique call number, based on the main entry of a work

 to indicate the specific title of a given work
 to indicate the geographical area covered by a work
 to indicate a special topic covered by a work
 to shelve certain works at a given class number before or after others
A Cutter Number:
 begins with the first letter of a word

 to indicate the geographical area covered by a work
 is always preceded by a decimal point
32 | P a g e
 is formed using a table

Example 1: Cumming
The cutter number is based on the first three letters of the name, Cum
Cumming.
The first letter points you to the paragraph in the cutter table which
determines the first digit:
The letter C points you to paragraph (4) (consonants) C becomes .C
The second letter is used to finds the value of the first digit: paragraph (4) .C8
The value for the letter u in paragraph (4) 8
The third letter is used to find the value of the second digit: Paragraph (5) .C86
The value for the letter m in paragraph (5) 6
Example 2: Artist’s manual
A becomes .A
r becomes paragraph (1) .A7
7
t becomes paragraph (5) .A78
8
Example 3: Nguyen
Note: not all letters appear in the table. When the letter you have is not listed, choose the letter and
corresponding number nearest your letter.
N becomes .N
g In paragraph (4 Exactly between the letters “e” and “i” .N4 or
and 5) .N5
u becomes paragraph (4) .N48 or
8 .N58
Note:
The digits 1 and 0 are not used in the table. Library of Congress practice is never to end a cutter
number with 1 or 0, as it can result in an unnecessarily long decimal extension.
Three- Element Pattern of the LC Class Number
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 single capital letters for main classes with one or two capital letters for their subclasses,
Arabic integers from 1 to 9999 for subdivision and Cutter numbers for individual books.
Examples are the following:
Eric Fromm’s Social character in a Mexican village
Capital letters HN Social history and conditions

Whole number 113 Mexico
Decimal extension .5 1945-
Item number (Cutter) .F74 Fromm (main entry)
Year of publication 1996
William Gerdts’s Complementary visions of Louisiana art

Capital letters N Visual arts
Whole number 6530 Art in US
First Cutter number .L8 Louisiana
Item number (second Cutter) .G47 Gerdts (main entry)
Year of publication 1996
Exercise No. 2
Building Call Number using LCC
Provide the call number using LCC for

the following books.
34 | P a g e
Exercise No. 3
LCC Cutters Table
Provide the book number or author’s number of the given surnames using the LC Cutters Table
________1. Pereyra _______6. Quintana
________2. Cantara _______7. Ramos
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________3. Abanilla _______8. Luneta
________4. Mendoza _______9. Sarmiento
________5. Satoya _______10. Balmes
CHAPTER III
CATALOGUING AND TECHNOLOGY
Copy Cataloguing
The process of taking already established cataloging information and applying it for local
use. It is also finding a matching existing cataloging record (bibliographic record) for an item in
hand, editing the record as necessary to follow library cataloging rules and practices, and attaching
the local holding information to the bibliographic record.
It is the adaptation of a pre-existing bibliographic record (usually found in OCLC , RLIN,

NUC , or some other bibliographic database ) to fit the characteristics of the item in hand, with
36 | P a g e
modifications to correct obvious errors and minor adjustments to reflect locally accepted
cataloging practice, as distinct from original cataloging (creating a completely new record from
scratch)
To perform copy cataloging, one must be able to find the record created by someone else.
Buying the records from commercial library service companies.
Copy cataloging also involves finding a machine readable record made by someone else
that exactly (or almost exactly) matches the item in hand and using that record instead of creating
one of your own. Once you have located a MARC record that “matches” you will modify that
record for local use and create a record of that modification.
Terminologies
Bibliographic utility
A consortium, or a network of automated libraries sharing one or more machine readable
computer database. It maybe large or small, and they maybe national, regional,
international, or regional in scope.
CIP (Cataloging in Publication)

In this practice the cataloging information prepared by the Library of Congress before the
book is published is incorporated into the book and printed on the copy right page.
MARC (Machine Readable Computer)

It is used for copy cataloging either through direct access to the types or by participating in
a network that uses MARC tapes as a main source for its database.
Network
A group of automated libraries that join together for the purpose of sharing information by
using the same library application system from a centralized computer facility.
OCLC (Online Computer Library Center)

This is the world largest and most comprehensive bibliographic utility, consisting of 30,000
members throughout the world, and currently with a database of millions of records that is
growing everyday.
Union List
A combined list of the holdings of many libraries. It maybe on paper or more likely in
electronic format, usually referred to as the union list.
Different Levels Done in Copy Cataloging
 One level is true copy cataloging that is duplicating a record so that it is an exact copy of
the original work.
 The second level of copy cataloging is to used other library’s record as a base and edit or
modify the record to meet local needs.
37 | P a g e
Process in Copy Cataloging
1. Search for record that matches the book you have in hand.
2. If match found is a CIP record, upgrade to full cataloging.
3. Edit the record
4. Validate record
5. Update, produce, and/or export record
If no match is found…
1. Determine if you have a different edition or other close match. If so, copy a
NEW and make necessary changes.
2. If neither a match nor a close match is found, then you need to create an
original record.
Searching is an art that combines…
o Knowing what to examine in your book

o Knowing where on the book you are most likely to find this vital information, and
o Knowing how to translate this information into an effective search within the
OCLC database
The chief source of information for printed monographs is:
o The title page, or

o If there is no title page, then the substitute that supplies the most complete
information, e.g. cover, spine, colophon, etc.
Matching
Involves looking for differences. Before accepting a MARC record to copy, prove to yourself
that it is not different from what is in hand. Minor differences may be acceptable. Usually you will
be looking for a combination of elements. Sometimes the absence of a field can indicate a
difference.
Do not create a new record if:
o Differences in records result from changes in cataloging rules

o You do not agree with the choice of main entry
o You disagree with access points
o The record is CIP and there are variations in title, date, physical description, or
series
o The record format is incorrect
o There are errors in the record
38 | P a g e
Create a new record when there is difference in:
o Title
o Edition statement
o Publisher
o Publication date
o Number of pages
o Language of item
When in doubt use an existing record.
Editing Records
Once you have determined that your item matches the record found, you must either copy the
record as is or edit the record. Your library should have a policy regarding when to edit a record
and how much to edit.
Reasons to Edit:
o Outdated copy
o Add contents notes
o Add access points
o Correct typos and other mistakes
o CIP records
Cataloguing on Computers
Copy Cataloging Original cataloging
Pulling up records from the Pulling up a blank MARC work

database that match the materials form on the computer and input data
you are cataloging and simply add into each field, according to the
your library's symbol to them specified rules.
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Rules Applied
 AACR2R / RDA– for descriptive cataloging
 Sears or LCSH – for subject heading
 LCC or DDC – for classification
MARC as a Tool
Marc record is organized by fields with tag numbers attached.
Tag – is a string of three digit numbers indicating different fields, such as 100 for author, 245 for
the title. It tells the computer what kind of information is to follow.
MARC FORMAT
All automated libraries follow the MARC format.

0XX Control information such as the identification number, classification
number, etc.
1XX Main entry, usually name of the author
2XX Title and statement of responsibility
3XX Physical description, etc.
4XX Series statement
5XX Notes
6XX Subject headings
7XX Added entries
8XX Series and entries
9XX Reserved for local use
With the MARC format, the elements within the areas, the main and added entries, plus
subject headings and other relevant information are all presented in separate lines in logical order.
Each line starts with a three-digit numbers called a tag, followed by two single (separate)
numbers called indicators, and then the descriptive phrases called fields, and finally subfields,
which give a more detailed explanation of the fields.
Example of MARC Record
40 | P a g e
OCLC System
Special methods:
4,3,1 rule – whereby a user can enter the first four letters of the authors's last name, add a
comma, then the first three letters of the author's first name, a comma, and the first letter of
the author's middle name.
3,2,2,1 rule – using the first three letters of the first word, a comma, and then the first two
letters of the title's second word, a comma, and then the first two letters of the title's third
word, a comma, and finally the first letter of the fourth word in the title.
41 | P a g e
Exercise No. 4
Copy Cataloging
Instructions: Provide the classification and book number of the following books through using
copy cataloguing.
Book/s LCC DDC
1. Public libraries in the 21st century/ Ann Prentice. _________ ________

_________ ________
2. Information literacy: educating children for the _________ ________

21st century / by Patricia Senn Breivik and J.A. Senn. _________ ________
3. Computer fundamentals/ compiled and edited by _________ ________

Josanna Maribeth W. Dy and Ma. Remedios N. Alcera. _________ ________
4. The trade lifecycle behind the scenes of the trading _________ ________
process/ Robert P. Baker. _________ ________
5. Online searching: its impact on information users / _________ ________

David Nicholas, Kevin Harris, and Gertrud Erbach. _________ ________
6. Cataloging and classification: an introduction/ _________ ________

Lois Mai Chan and Athena Salaba. _________ ________
7. Applied marketing research: for data-based marketing _________ ________

decisions/ Eduardo L. Roberto. _________ ________
8. Frogs, toads, and turtles / by Diane L. Burns ; _________ ________

42 | P a g e
illustrated by Linda Garrow. _________ ________
9. Media and communication research methods: _________ ________

an introduction to qualitative and quantitative _________ ________
approaches/ Arthur Asa Berger.
10. Basic technical mathematics with calculus / _________ ________

Allyn J. Washington, Richard S. Evans. _________ ________
CHAPTER IV
CATALOGUING NONBOOK MATERIALS
Nonbook Materials
 Materials that are not totally dependent on the printed words to transmit data or
information.
 Materials that are not in book format.
 Materials that require some sort of equipment, such as projectors, computers, players, etc.
to provide the data, sound, and visual images contained in them.
 Also known as nonprints, audio-visual materials, and special materials.
Categories of Nonbook Materials
1. Cartographic Materials – any material representing the whole or part of the earth or any
celestial body at any scale. Examples: maps, globes, atlases, aeronautical, navigational and
celestial charts, block diagrams, birds-eye views (map views)
2. Manuscripts – Writings made by hand, typescripts and inscriptions on clay tablets, stones.
Examples: handwritten diaries, typewritten theses, letters, and speeches
3. Music – covers published music only. Examples: piano scores, vocal scores
4. Sound Recordings – Recordings on which sound variations have been registered by mechanical
or electrical means so that the sound may be reproduced. Examples: compact disc, phonodisc,
cassette tape recording
5. Motion Pictures and Videorecordings – Motion picture is a length of film with or without
recorded sound. Videorecording is a recording on which a visual images usually in motion and
accompanied by sound, have been registered, designed for playback by means of a television set.
Examples: VHS and Beta tapes, VCD and DVD discs
43 | P a g e
6. Graphic Materials – Two-dimensional representations whether opaque (e.g. art originals, art
reproductions, flash cards, photographs, technical drawings) or intended to be viewed or projected
without motion, by means of an optical device (e.g. filmstrips, slides, transparencies, filmslips).
7. Electronic Resources – files (data and programs) encoded and electronically produced for
manipulation by computer. Examples: CD-ROM, online database
8. Three-dimensional Artefacts and Realia – Artefacts or naturally occurring objects. Examples:

diorama, games, model, actual objects
9. Microforms – Generic term for any medium, transparent or opaque, bearing microimages. The
types are microfilm, microfiche and microopaque items.
10. Continuing Resources – Publications issued in successive parts bearing numeric or

chronological designations and intended to be continued indefinitely. Examples: serials such as
periodicals (magazines and journals), newspapers, annuals, memoirs, and proceedings.
11. Multimedia Item – An item containing two or more categories of material, no one of which is
identifiable as the predominant constituent of the item. It is also known as Kit.
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGING OF NONBOOK MATERIALS
A. Sources of Catalog Information
The chief source of information for nonbook materials is the item itself, including any
labels that are permanently attached to the item. If the item described consists of two or more
separate physical parts, the chief source of information is as follows:
-the “first part” that gives meaning to the various parts
-the part that gives the most information
-the container
B. Punctuation, Capitalization and Indention
The same prescribed and regular punctuation marks used in cataloging books are also
used in cataloging nonbook materials.
In terms of the capitalization rules, the first letter of proper nouns, proper adjectives and
first word of each area are capitalized the same way as when books are cataloged.
A regards to catalog indention, nonbook materials are also transcribed in paragraph or

hanging indention depending on the type of main access point of the catalog entry.
44 | P a g e
C. Access Points
Main entry is under the name(s) of the creator if : (a) the over-all responsibility for the
conception and design can be attributed to one to three persons or corporate bodies; (b) the
name(s) appears on the item, the guide or container.
Main entry is under the title if: (a) the item is created by collaborative effort of four or
more persons or corporate bodies; (b) the work is produced under editorial direction; (c) the name
of the creator does not appear on the item, the guide, or container.
D. Areas of Description for Nonbook Materials
 Title and statement of responsibility area (with GMD)

 Edition area
 Material specific details area (applicable only to cartographic materials,
continuing resources, electronic resources and published music)
 Publication, distribution, etc. area
 Physical description area
 Series area
 Note area
 Standard number and terms of availability area
Schematic Diagrams of Catalog Entries for Nonbook Materials
Call no. Creator main entry
Title proper [GMD] = parallel title : other title information / first

statement of responsibility ; subsequent statement of responsibility . –
Edition statement / statement of responsibility relating to the edition . –
Material specific details. – Place of publication : publisher; distributor,
date of publication (place of manufacture, name of manufacturer, date of
manufacture)
Extent of item : other physical details; dimensions + accompanying
material. – (Series statement; numbering within the series)
Note(s)
Standard numbers: terms of availability
Tracing.
Figure
1. Catalog entry in paragraph indention
Call no. Title proper [GMD] = parallel title : other title information / first
statement of responsibility ; subsequent statement of
responsibility . – Edition statement / statement of responsibility
relating to the edition . – Material specific details. – Place of
publication : publisher; distributor, date of publication (place of
manufacture, name of manufacturer, date of manufacture)
Extent of item : other physical details; dimensions +

accompanying material. – (Series statement; numbering within the 45 | P a g e
series)
Note(s)
Figure 2. Catalog entry in hanging indention
Examples of Catalog Entries of Nonbook Materials
TD
TH Cardenas, Ricardo D.
4815.5 Three storey residential [technical drawing] / Ricardo D.
C37 Cardenas. – Revision 2, as built drawings. – 2001.
2001 3 architectural drawings, 1 structural drawing, 1 mechanical
drawing, 1 electrical drawing: bluprints ; 45 x 69 cm., folded to 24 x
22 cm.
Scale vary from 1:100 to 1:25.
1. Dwellings—Designs and plans. 2. Housing – Designs and

plans. I. Title.
Figure 3. Catalog entry in paragraph indention
M
912.9 General map of the Pacific Ocean, Southeastern Asia and Australia
G23 [cartographic material]. – Scale indeterminable; Mercator proj. –
New York American Map Co., [197-?]
1 map: co.; 62 x 98 cm.—(Colorprint series; map no. 9562)

On verso: Tourist spots in the region.
1. Islands of the Pacific – Maps. 2. Aisa, Southeast – Maps. 3.

Australia—Maps.
Figure 4.
Catalog entry in hanging indention
46 | P a g e
E. General Rules for Description
1. Title and Statement of Responsibility Area
The same rules as used in books is applied in transcribing the title proper, parallel title,
other title information, and statement(s) of responsibility of nonbook materials.
The general material designation [GMD] is an optional element indicate after the title
proper and enclosed in square brackets.
Example:
Jury and juror [videorecording]: function and responsibility / by Daisy Carter.
List of General Material Designations
activity card art original art reproduction

braile cartographic material chart
diorama electronic resource filmstrip
flash card game kit
manuscript microform microscope slide
model motion picture music
picture realia slide
sound recording technical drawing toy
transparency videorecording
2. Edition Area
Transcribe the edition statement and statement of responsibility relating to the edition, if
any, following the rules used in cataloguing books.
Examples: 2nd ed. / by Louis Newton.

Re-edited version
3. Material Specific Details Area
The rules followed in transcribing this area and its elements apply to cartographic
materials, continuing resources, electronic resources and published music.
Cartographic Material
47 | P a g e
The material specific details area used is known as the Mathematical and Other
Material Specific Details area. Two elements of information basically of coordinates and
equinox is considered as an optional element of information.
Example: Scale 1:250,000.1 in. to 3.95 miles. 1 cm. to 2.5 km.;

Mercator proj.
Electronic Resource
The material specific details area used in known as the Type and Extent of
Resource area. It is composed of two elements of information – type of resource and extent
of resource.
Example: Computer data (1 file : 250 records, 3,400 bytes)
Continuing Resources
The Numbering area is used as the material specific details area. Two elements of
information comprise this area- the numeric and/or alphabetic designation and
chronological designation.
Example: Vol. 1, no. 1 (Jan./Mar. 1994) –

No. 1 (Feb. 1975) –
Music
The material specific details area used is known as the Musical Presentation
Statement area (an optional). Transcribe a statement found in the chief source of
information indicating the physical presentation of the music, if there is any.
Examples: Miniature score

Playing score
4. Publication, Distribution, Etc. Area
The place of publication, name of publisher, date of publication as well as the place of
manufacture, name of manufacturer and date of manufacture of nonbook materials are transcribed
in the catalog entry according to the same rules followed in cataloguing books.
For unpublished materials, such as manuscripts, art originals, home-made films or video
materials or sound recordings, portraits and unpublished computer files, do not record the place
nor the name of publisher, but give the date of production.
Examples: London: Highland Studios, 1970

1998 (for an unpublished material)
5. Physical Description Area
The four elements in the physical description area of nonbook materials, such as the extent
of item, other physical details, dimensions and accompanying material are transcribed in the same
sequence and punctuation as used in cataloging books. Following are examples of physical
description of nonbook materials.
48 | P a g e
For Cartographic Materials

1 map : col.; 25 x 35 cm.
1 map : col. ; 80 x 57 cm. folded to 21 x 10 cm.
1 globe : col., mounted on metal stand ; 12 cm. in diam.
For Manuscripts
[20] leaves; 30 cm.
[20] leaves; vellum, ill. ; 24 cm.
For Published Music

1 score (vii, 32p.) ; 28 cm. + 1 sound tape reel (60 min. : analog, 7 ½ ips,
mono. : ½ in., tape)
1 score (30 p.) + 4 parts ; 24 cm. + 1 booklet
For Sound Recordings

1 sound cassette (60 min.) : analog, 3 ¾ ips, stereo.
1 sound disc (50 min.) : analog, 33 1/3 rpm, stereo. ; 12 in. + 1 pamphlet
For Motion Pictures and Videorecordings

1 film reel (12 min.) : sd., b&w; 16 mm. + 1 teacher’s guide
1 videocassette (24 min.) : sd., b&w ; ½ in.
1 videodisc (60 min.) : sd., col. : 5 ¼ in.
For Graphic Materials

3 transparencies (15 overlays) : b&w ; 26 x 22 cm.
5 charts : double sided, col. ; 63 x 41 cm.
6 filmstrips (32 fr. Each) : sd., col.; 35mm. + 6 cassettes, 1 teacher’s
guide
40 slides: col. + 1 sound disc (30 min. : analog, 33 1/3 rpm, mono. ; 12 in.)
For Electronic Resources

1 computer laser optical disk : col.; 4 ¼ in.
1 computer disk ; 3 ½ in. + 1 codebook
For Three-Dimensional Artefacts and Realia

1 sculpture: polished bronze ; 110 cm. high
6 microscope slides: stained; 3/8 cm.
1 model (10 pieces) : col. ; 16 x 32 x 3 cm. in case 17 x 34 x 6 cm.
1 diorama ( various pieces) : col.; in box 30x35x13 cm.
2 jigsaw puzzles : cardboard, col. ; in boxes 20 x 30 x 5 cm. –
26 x 35 x 6 cm.
1 hand puppet : red and blue ; 20 cm. long + 1 sound disc
(20 min. analog, 33 1/3 rpm, mon. ; 12 in.)
For Microforms
1 microfilm reel: col. & ill. ; 16 mm.
49 | P a g e
20 aperture cards ; 9 x 19 cm.
For Continuing Resources

20 v. : col. ; 24 cm.
v. : ill. ;22 cm.
For Multimedia Items

400 lesson cards, 40 answer key booklets. 1 student record, 1 teacher’s
handbook, 1 placement test; in container 18 x 25 x 19 cm.
42 various pieces; in box 20 x 12 x 6 cm.
6. Series Area
If the item is one of a series and the title proper of the series is found on the item, record
the title proper of the series enclosed in parenthesis. Record the number of the item within the
series if that numbering appears on the item. Use standard abbreviations for number (no.), volume
(vol.), or part (pt.) and give the numbering in Arabic numerals.
Example: (Earth and the universe; no. 3)
7. Note(s) Area
Notes give useful information that are not included in the other areas of description.
Although all notes are optional some of them may be transcribes in the note(s) area. Separate any
introductory word (e.g. Contents, Summary) from the rest of the notes by a colon. Give notes in
the order in which they are given in the general outline of AACR2.
Example of Notes:
Nature and scope of the item/ medium of performance

Shows the route of Magellan and Legaspi.
Opera in three sets.
Language
Captions in French.
Dubbed into Spanish.
Source of title proper

Title from manufacturer’s catalogue.
Title supplied by cataloguer.
Variations in title
Also known as: the blue boy.
Title in English on title frame: 300 swords.
Statements of responsibility
50 | P a g e
Cast: Tom Cruise, Penelope Cruz

Credits: Screenplay, Harold Reyes; music, John Dawson.
Edition and history

Originally released in 1955.
Remake of the 1946 motion picture of the same name.
Publication, description, etc. and date

First released in 1985.
Distributed in the Philippines by Wea Records.
Physical description
Size when framed: 67 x 45 cm.
Equipment needed: Viewmaster viewer.
Accompanying material
Program notes in container.
Accompanied by filmstrip entitled: The butterfly
Dissertations
Thesis (M.A.) – University of Manila, 1981.
Thesis (doctoral) – New York University, 1984.
Audience
Intended audience: Elementary grades.
For remedial reading programs.
Other formats available

Also available on cassette.
Available in VHS and Beta.
Summaries
Summary: Miscellaneous photographs designed to develop visual
literary skills.
Contents
Contents: Getting ahead of the game (81 fr.) – Decision (55 fr.) –
How to be a winner (65 fr.)
Publisher’s number
Tamla Motown: STMA 8007.
Island: ILPS 9281.
Copy being described and library’s holdings

Library’s copy imperfect: some index pages missing.
Library has: Vol. 9-13; 16-29.
“With” notes
51 | P a g e
With a separate map on the same sheet: Manila.

With: Symphony no. 5/ Beethoven.
Reproduction of original items

Reproduction of original painting done in 1918.
8. Standard Number and Terms of Availability Area
Give the International Standard Book Number (ISBN) or the International Serial Number
(ISSN) assigned to an item from any suitable plane when known. ISBNs are assigned to some
computer software packages and videos while ISSNs may be given to some nonbook and printed
serials.
Examples: ISBN 0-34567-142-8: Php 1,000.00

ISSN 0085-4678: Free subscription
SUBJECT CATALOGUING OF NONBOOK MATERIALS
The same principles and guidelines in subject cataloging as used in books are
applied in the cataloging of nonbook materials.
In assigning subject headings to nonbook materials, there is no need to include the

physical format as a subject subdivision if the catalog entry includes a general material
designation (GMD). Exemptions to this guidelines are continuing resources such as
periodicals and yearbooks.
Examples:
Education – Periodicals
Philippines – Yearbooks
MODES OF CLASSIFYING NONBOOK MATERIALS
1. Letter symbol / media code DVD

Accession number of item 123

Cutter number of author C87

Class number of topic of item 500
Cutter number of author and work mark C87m
4. Color code
EXAMPLES OF CATALOGUING NONBOOK MATERIALS
1. MICROFILM
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RDA Record for Microfilm Manifestation of Rwanda newsline
010 ## $a 2013225254
245 00 $a Rwanda newsline.
246 1# $i Title on microfilm container: $a Newsline, Kigali, Rwanda
246 1# $i Back page of some issues titled: $a Weekly newsline
246 1# $i Some issues include a section titled: $a Newsline magazine
264 #1 $3 -Nov. 29/Dec. 12, 1999: $a Kigali, [Rwanda] : $b Rwanda Newsline,
$c [1999]-2006.
300 ## $a 2 microfilm reels : $b illustrations ; $c 35 mm
310 ## $a Weekly, $b Mar. 27/Apr. 2, 2000-Oct. 15/Nov. 2, 2006
321 ## $a Biweekly, $b -Mar. 13/26, 2000
336 ## $a text $2 rdacontent
337 ## $a microform $2 rdamedia
338 ## $a microfilm reel $2 rdacarrier
362 1# $a Began in 1999; ceased with vol. III, no. 039 (25 October/02 November
2006).
500 ## $a Microfilm reproduction of: Rwanda newsline. -- Kigali [Rwanda] :
Rwanda Newsline, [1999]-2006. -- 3 volumes : illustrations -- Nov.
29/Dec. 29, 1999-May 28/June 3, 2001; Oct. 14/21, 2005-Oct. 25/Nov.
2, 2006.
501 ## $a On reel with: Newsline (Kigali, Rwanda : 2006). -- Kigali, Rwanda :
Rwanda Independent Media Group (RIMEG), 2006-
588 ## $a Description based on: Vol. III, no. 03 (Nov. 29/Dec. 12, 1999); title
from masthead (microfilm reel containing November 29, 1999-June
3, 2001).
588 ## $a Latest issue consulted: Vol. III, no. 039 (25 October/02 November
2006) (microfilm reel containing October 14, 2005-September 27,
2007).
651 #0 $a Rwanda $v Newspapers.
651 #0 $a Kigali (Rwanda) $v Newspapers.
752 ## $a Rwanda $d Kigali.
773 08 $i Contained in: $t Newsline, Kigali, Rwanda ǂd Bethlehem, PA :

Microfilmed for Cooperative Africana Materials Project, the Center
for Research Libraries, by Backstage Library Works, 2013 $h 2
microfilm reels ; 35 mm
776 08 $i Reproduction of (manifestation): $t Rwanda newsline $d Kigali,
[Rwanda] : Rwanda Newsline, 1999-2006. $g 1999-vol. III, no. 039 (25
October/02 November 2006). $h 3 volumes : illustrations
785 00 $t Newsline (Kigali, Rwanda : 2006) $w (DLC) 2013225255
2. STILL IMAGES
Nonmoving visual information, i.e., fixed images, such as graphs, drawings, posters, and
pictures.
53 | P a g e
Xiang fei dian xuan zhan!

Translated Title(s): Declaration of war on SARS!
Contributor(s): Jing hua shi bao she.
Publication: [Beijing? : Jing hua shi bao she], 2003
Language(s): Chinese
Format: Still image
Subject(s): Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome -- prevention &
control
Health Education
China
Genre(s): Posters
Abstract: The poster has a red background and shows a health
professional with his fist up ready for the war
against SARS; next to the man is a poem on the
prevention and control of SARS.
Rights: This item may be under copyright protection. Please
ask copyright owner for permission before
publishing.
Related Title(s): Chinese public health posters Jing hua shi bao
Extent: 1 photomechanical print (poster) : 39 x 55 cm.
Technique: color
RDA Description:
041 Chi $a eng

245 $aXiang fei dian xuan zhan!
264 $a Bethesda, MD: $b U.S. National Library of Medicine, History of Medicine
Division, $c 2009.
300 $a 1online resource (poster): $b color
336 $a still image $2rdacontent
337 $a computer $2rdamedia
338 $a online resource $2 rdacarrier
347 $a image file $b JPEG $c 30.85 KB $d 384px x 273px $2 rda
546 $a In Chinese and English.
500 $a Part of exhibition: Chinese public health posters: prevention of diseases.
54 | P a g e
506 $a HMD provides access to digital images in lieu of originals when electronic
copies exist. Access to originals may require advance notice.
520 $a The poster has a red background and shows a health professional with his fist
up ready for the war against SARS; next to the man is a poem on the
prevention and control of
SARS.
650 $a SARS (Disease) $zChina $vPosters.
650 $a SARS (Disease) $x Prevention $x Government policy $v Posters.
650 $a Public health posters $z China.
710 $a Jing hua shi bao she.
730 $a Chinese public health posters.
Mansheng Wang "Art and Artlessness"
100 $a Wang, Mansheng, $e artist.

245 $a Mansheng Wang art and artlessness: $b Godwin – Ternbach Museum,
Queens College, CUNY, February 15-May 27, 2011.
264 $a New York, N.Y.: $b Godwin – Ternbach Museum, $c 2011.
300 $a 1 poster: $b color; $c45.7 x 30.5 cm
336 $a still image $2rdacontent
337 $a unmediated $2rdamedia
338 $a sheet $2 rdacarrier
500 $a Handwritten calligraphy by the artist: “Zhi sheng wen ze ye wen sheng zhi ze
shi wen zhi bin bin ran hou jun zi, Kongzi Lun yu yong ye, er qian yi shi yi
shou chun, Mansheng yu Niuyue
520 $a Poster for art exhibition by Mansheng Wang at the Godwin-Ternbach
Museum, Queens College, CUNY, February 15-May 27, 2011.
600 $a Wang, Mansheng $v Posters.
710 $a Godwin-Ternbach Museum $e sponsor.
3. PERIODICALS (SERIALS)
-defined as a publication in any medium issued under the same title in a succession of
discrete parts, usually numbered (or dated) and appearing at regular or irregular intervals
with no predetermined conclusion
55 | P a g e
Philippine Communication Journal
010 ## $a 92945688 $z 89028628

012 ## $a 3-7-1003074110-p----
022 ## $a 0116-4848 | |0116-4848
035 ## $a (OcOlc) ocm20655354
037 ## $b College of Mass Communication, University of the Philippines,
Plaridel Hall, UP Campus, Quezon City, Philippines.
050 ## $a P92.P $b P47
245 ## $a Philippines communication journal.
246 ## $a PCJ
264 ## $a Quezon City: $b Institute of Mass Communication, University of the
Philippines, $c 1986-
300 ## $a volumes ; $c 26 cm.
310 ## $a Quarterly
337 ## $a unmediated $2 rdamedia
338 ## $a volume $2 rdacarrier
632 ## $a Volume 1, number 1 (Dec. 1986)-
515 ## $a No issues published June 1988-June 1989.
550 ## $a Volume 2, no. 7 (Sept. 1989) – issued by: College of Mass
Communication, University of the Philippines.
610 ## $a University of the Philippines.
650 ## $a Mass media $z Philippines $v Periodicals.
650 ## $a Communication $z Philippines $v Periodicals.
710 ## $a University of the Philippines. $b Institute of Mass Communication.
710 ## $a University of the Philippines. $b College of Mass Communication.
4. AUDIO CD (carrying songs by a Filipino Artist: Cris Villonco)
010 ## $a 2002557407
024 1# $a 743217785123
028 02 $a MRCD 141 $b Musiko Records
035 ## $a (DLC) 12632537
040 ## $a DLC $c DLC
050 00 $a SDA 41859
100 1# $a Villonco, Cris.
245 12 $a A girl can dream / $c Cris Villonco.
264 ## $a [Philippines?] : $b Musiko Records, $c p2000.
300 ## $a 1 sound disc: $b digital ; $c 4 ¾ in.
336 ## $a sounds $2 rdacontent
337 ## $a audio $2 rdamedia
337 ## $a computer $2 rdamedia
338 ## $a computer disc $2 rdacarrier
505 ## $a It’s you (the problem is you) – A girl can dream – Askin’ the stars –
etc.
5. DVD of the film “Ang Tanging Ina Mo”

56 | P a g e
010 ## $a 2011308286
040 ## $a DLC $c DLC $d DLC $e amim $d DLC
041 ## $a tgl $b eng
042 ## $a Icode
245 04 $a Ang tanging Ina mo / $c Star Cinema ABS CBN Film Productions,
Inc., Star Home Video ; executive producers, Charo Santos-Concio,
Malou N. Santos; directed by Wewnn V. Deramas ; story-screenplay,
Mel Mendoza- Del Rosario.
257 ## $a Philippines.
264 ## $a Diliman, Quezon City : $b Star Recording, $c c2011.
300 ## $a viewing copy. $a videodisc of 1 (DVD) (105 min.) : $b sound, color. ;
$c 4 ¾ in.
336 ## $a two-dimensional moving image $2 rdacontent
337 ## $a video $2 rdamedia
338 ## $a computer disc $2 rdacarrier
490 0# $a Certified blockbuster hit
508 ## $a Director of photography, Sherwin Phil T. So; film editor, Marya
Ignacio; sound, Aurel Bilbao; musical director, Jessie Lasaten.
511 1# $a Ai-Ai Delas Alas (Ina Montecillo), Eugene Domingo (Rowena),
Marvin Agustin, Nikki Valdez, Carlo Aquino, Alwyn Uytingco,
Shaina Magdayao and Eugene Domingo; with special participation of
Jestoni Alarcon, Dennis Padilla, DJ Durano and Tonton Gutierrez;
special guest appearance of Cherrie Pie Picache; introducing Owie
Boy Gapuz and Xyriel Manabat; also starring: Rafael Rosell, Kaye
Abad, Jon Avila, Empoy mArquez, Marc Acueza, Serena Dalrymple,
Jiro Manio, Yuuki Kadooka, Janella and Bianca Calma.
546 ## $a In Tagalog with English subtitles.
520 ## $a Wacky yet very emotive story of how the world’s most renowned
mother Ina Montecillo spends the remaining days of her life with her
best friend Rowena and her children now that she is dying. When
she learns that everyone is facing respective uncontrollable
problems, she embarks on a journey of involving herself to their lives
and does everything to help them, only to realize in the end, as every
situation gets worse, she has no other option to help them but to face
the truth that she is dying and to finally let them go.
500 ## $a Summary taken from container.
586 ## $a Received Metro Manila Film Festival awards for best picture, best
actress, best director, best story, best screenplay, best supporting
actress, Gender Sensitivity Award, best musical score, and best child
performer in 2010.
541 ## $c purchase.
655 #7 $a Fiction films.
57 | P a g e
6. ONLINE RESOURCE- E-BOOK
Online book resources.
DESCRIPTION:
Title: A Christmas Carol
Author: Charles Dickens
Publisher: Planet PDF
Extent of the item: 138 p.
Subject: Ghosts—Fiction
Subject: Spirits--Fiction
Website: http://www.planetpdf.com/.
RDA Record
041 ## $a English.
100 ## $a Dickens, Charles, $e author.
245 ## $a A christmas carol h[electronic resources] / $c Charles Dickens
264 ## $a [Place of publication not identified] :$b Planet PDF , $c [date of
publication not identified].
300 ## $a 1 pdf e-book (357KB)(138 pages)
337 ## $a computer $2 rdamedia
338 ## $a online resource $2 rdacarrier
650 ## $a Ghosts $v Fiction.
650 ## $a Spirits $v Fiction.
856 ## $f A christmas carol. $q pdf file $s 357 KB.
$u http://www.planetpdf.com/
919 ## $c ebch
58 | P a g e
Exercise No. 5
Cataloguing e-Book and e-Journal
Instructions:
A. Catalog the given e-book using MARC and RDA.
Title: Fundamentals of Communications Systems

Publisher: New York
Copyright / Pub. Date: 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies
ISBN: 9780071482806
Author: Michael P. Fitz
Description: 1 v. (various pagings) : illustrations ; 25 cm.
LC classification (full): TK5101 .F54 2007
Subject: Telecommunication systems.
Notes: Includes bibliographical references and index.
Series: Communications engineering
McGraw-Hill professional engineering. Communications engineering.
LCCN: 2007017818
Dewey class no.: 621.382
URL: http://accessengineeringlibrary.com/browse/fundamentals-of- communications-
systems#fullDetails
Source: Access Engineering
B. Catalog the given e-journal using MARC and RDA.
Title: Journal of Visual Literacy

ISSN: 1051-144X
Format: Magazine/Journal
Publication Frequency: Semiannual
Language: English
Gale Subject Headings:
Visual arts; Mass communications and publishing; Education; Teacher education; Business
and industries; Social sciences; Arts and humanities
Publisher: International Visual Literacy Association, Inc.
Address:
250 McCracken Hall
Ohio University
Athens
Ohio
United States
Date Issue: September 22, 2013, Vol.32, Issue 2
Source: InfoTrac Custom Periodicals 100, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?
p=SPJ.SP00&sw=w&u=phmseuf&v=2.1&it=aboutJournal&id=GALE|3EQA.
59 | P a g e
Exercise No. 6
Cataloguing Serials
Catalog the given serials using MARC and RDA.
1. Title: Journal of Public Affairs Education

Place of Publication: Washington DC
Publisher: National Association of School of Public Affairs and Administration
Copyright: 1994
ISSN: 1523-6803
Frequency: Quarterly
Pages: volume 12 no.3, 172 pages
Language: English
Source of Acquisition: National Association of School of Public Affairs and Administration,
1120 G Street NW, Suite 730, Washington, DC $100-Institution, $45-Individual, $35 student, $20
additional to Non-US.
Dimension: 26 cm
2. Title: Plaridel: A Philippine journal of Communication, Media and Society

Place of Publication: Quezon City
Publisher: College of Mass Communication, University of the Philipines-Diliman
Copyright: 2003-
ISSN: 1656-2534
Frequency: biannually(February 15 and August30)
Volume: volume 9, no. 2 (August 2012) 170 pages
Language: English; includes some in Filipino
Source of Acquisition: Office of Research and Publication (ORP), College of Mass
Communication, University of the Philippines in Diliman, Quezon City.
Dimension: 23 cm
Exercise No. 7
Cataloguing DVD
60 | P a g e
Catalog the given DVD using MARC and RDA.
Language: English;-French(Subtitle)
Title: Fun with Dick and Jane.
Statement of Responsibility: Produced by Brian Grazer, Sim Carrey; Directed by Dean Parisot.
Place of Publication: U.S.A
Publisher: Sony Pictures Home Entertainment Inc.,
Copyright: ©2006
Dimension: 1 DVD- video(Approximately 90 min.).
Digital, Sound, Color; 12 cm.
Creation/Production Credits: Music Supervision by: Randal Poster;
Music by:Theodore Shapiro;
Costume Designer: Julie Weiss;
Film Editor: Don Zimmerman;
Production Designer: Bary Robinson;
Director Photography: Jery Zielinli;
Screen Play By: Judd Apatow and Nicholas Stoller.
61 | P a g e

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Bachelor of Library and Information Science

A Module on Organization of Information Sources II

TEN (10) MAIN CLASS OF DDC

000 – 099 Computer science, information & general works –

900 – 999 History and Geography

SECOND SUMMARY (THE HUNDRED DIVISIONS)

000 Computer science, knowledge & systems 500 Science

103 Dictionaries & encyclopedias 153 Mental processes & intelligence

205 Religious ethics 255 Religious congregations & orders

307 Communities 357 Mounted forces & warfare

511 General principles of mathematics 561 Paleobotany; fossil microorganisms

613 Personal health & safety 663 Beverage technology

715 Woody plants 765 Metal engraving

Table 2. Geographic areas, Historical periods, Persons

Table 4. Subdivisions for Individual Languages and Language Families (used as

BUILDING CALL NUMBER (DDC)

1. Combining Schedule Numbers

1.1. Adding an entire number to a base number

Example 1: A bibliography of physics

Example 2: Educational Psychology

Example 3: Paper Industry

1. 2. Adding a fraction of a number to a base number

All serial publications 050

2. Using Table 1: Standard Subdivision

2.1. Exceptions to the Single – Zero Rule

Political Science 320

2.2. Other examples

The use of computers in education worldwide

3. Using Table 2: Geographic Areas, Historical Periods, Persons

3.1. Used directly when so noted with numbers from schedules

Example 1: Geology of Finland

Example 2: Austrian Cooking

Example 3: French Cooking

3.2. Used with another number from Table 2

Example 1: Foreign relations between Japan and Great Britain

Meaning, if Japan is emphasized the resulting number should be

But, if Great Britain is emphasized the resulting number should

Resulting Number 327.52041

4. Using Table 3: Subdivisions for Individual Literatures

Example 1. A Collection of Christmas Literature

Example 2. Collection of Christmas Poetry

5. Using Table 4: Subdivisions of Individual Languages

Example 1. Intonation of German Language

Example 2. A German – French Dictionary

Example 3. An English – Spanish, Spanish English Dictionary

Example 4. English Word Origins

Add notation to the base number 422

6. Using Table 5: Racial, Ethnic, National Groups

Example 1. Social groups among the Chinese

Example 2. Decorative arts of the Chinese

7. Using Table 6: Languages

Example 1. A French Bible

Example 2. A general Japanese periodical

8. Using Table 7: Persons

Example 1. Children as artists

Example 2. Paintings by athletes

--Occupational and religious groups

-Initial based on the main entry

b. Use only the boldface letters shown in the combination of Arabic

d. Cutter numbers are treated decimally therefore any number can be

Sm52 Benjamin Smith

Title of the book Author Call Number

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM

__1. Pereyra _6. Quintana

__2. Cantara _7. Ramos

__3. Abanilla _8. Luneta

__4. Mendoza _9. Sarmiento

__5. Satoya _10. Balmes