Preble Aaijuctad schon ig aefed on aoe valued neds 16 wich if oth XY | Tit sltcubon Hee poet hgtaty (06 Hguanes) of inbelt Fe it te ae el a Combinational Pp wee Cina = Es a th ba and ibs Ablation A | ¥ dogic CrXcurt, i z SE Ctcaita ace classified inde Gbtneonel lye cufcutta and Lepvenk ok A Grnbinational netooile ta clefintd 8 & thse Valued netuserk tn hich the outfada obeny ingtect *y | ene acy oe a wy fon fat Pl Se Yo Olp dipels ow fn input ** % — moutpd x“ ener For 3 sable Vaatables Blocle Dieghom, ope Gmbinationad Cac _ ab ary rgheak ate dafendt nt orly afer he inputs [esert’ ot oo ste Paced inputs and PAeviens oxtpubis : lp pet fe outputs Proust + aes Preset site vw "Bleck Dragham of. Sequenttal Ciacurte Neset state FSegerkal Netenks ade Acid te hess memes and Aepuane existence of feedbede ae The mvchani ben wahich ix’ uted te explain ond Repaaest the: infosmadion piserued is Refetaed & 8 the Gisfebea tte, Setord aay ate of Siroply Ste of the wets Ning drannn Aaguentil. nett 1 one in'lich ite Gebavion 13 Ahearn! fy the Valent Tee agra oF onda crete stents ot tine Tate. wetoen be typrally fave a masts chek generat ahich Produces a Seguence of cloclepultes hich effectively -emple the: Viapaficignala. th deferring th nehoott Cehavior. | etockk i ene in aN He fs nchfenous Sep.uertia behavies of The Matounk is jimmediately Spotty ent aigoel chenges - + The battle fegte cement” Hhat= pRovides roemedy in any dequertial wetorske is Ftp -Floh ve Mesaagy clement ate cizeuits dbich atites hit infoamaction either S-4k ‘1’, +0 Bij Pog hosts’ ahah, Gndrbons (Batal, dete) « Jp Basie Biatable cement tha CiRCA hich hat 2 Séoble dtafes ‘0! 041I A indeh ino scquerttal cldew chaogas on fh. taf Rina, alitorgh the enable might ales y dateher are devel tRiygerel A Flip Pip ig « Sequential Ce O8 long ag poses te applred oA aati! feshenge FI Prope oe + Laonbinaltoncl Cifeuita le logic CraGuit whose outed A only J presest inputs « Geta # Nerbeay rit ta not Repulied - In Fastest tn Bpead = Hs Ecay do Design. In Be ~ paders . Mulkspleress - Entebeis- edge trigger acd ‘have cloele . Cleee I, a parredic bigeal Hod ascillastes behoeen Aig) The rest Goramenly Uset clek ayral is a Sppareraye wath Fox dusty Cycle = oa whe. duffel Red piped Femened rectal > at ah a apectal Grrrl Signe Glled peed 40 be. prereat Pant dle ret have clock. « acut with infute that Bamain in a [ven Alot) inbut Reals ate applied te Gouna iH oulfiA hard [a State - Sq wental Cialis Alegre CtAcait ohoge output” defrends, on passestinpucke and pa evies oud pus Memey unit 316 Aeguided + iy y Slog tr speed: Design tx comple » 4- Flip Flops - Latches » Synchrcrous Sequential CiAcuiha The charge tn outfits cletexmined by Clecle « le toemesy eLemests are clocked Fit Fibs: Lee mgscimen ofetating speed clfeadt. on the fioe delaye invelv ed + Zesy fe Design Flip Flops 4+ Foh Flope Changes the outpot- ith aes ped] te input Whey clecfe ix applied « Le Flip Plog axe edge triggered. # Fic Flofs have Clocle - le Flip Plofs cre bated em clock aignel « + Flif Pops oa building blecks of bequertil cincuta hich Gn be but fim Latches . Asochsoneus Sepuertal CiROtty Tha. output Chan: Tha input cha, Tanne Seale Pet changes IMerraty Clerrects 8c Unclocleed Flip Flefs + Becane f absence lock. th re facts ped ence of el ey te fates Diffrealt fe destgn. Lotehes Lateh ‘the ond eae chorget Tha output og. doen a Letcher ake level tRggered + Latchey donot have cleck . Latch ore hated on rable £iqnal Ledches ate buflding Meche of Bequetal Cacaite akteh Gx be butt freon Leste Gales. iON Ban pani Fhe Se Qiatal. clemed ten cement alich hee 2 Sdable adecher’o ont tb Fike soutfels Qavt Z: | © Caeat Guplad ALT gut tes oulped of fact eT gate j + Fe anata of. * P geo at infu de deand meT gate and outpul of etend aleT gate dducs of input te fast vu gat - auf EA geo 7 fin 1287! a 8 ace pele dat ite a a Rin * acl Wings Me U7 Bosie G tatable Elamet ln flisome eo, do the outhit of fiast inverter iA] od therefore Qe! Since Qin Gonected back te the seand net gah input, qe output of teoord NET gate ta 0 he @=0 wobeh is ‘9¢’_which wos astumed , | te Rosure dt2| 7 fo te output of fast iavertes id_0 and these fre = | Since Qi Gnnected back to Be tetand it gate iopth, the output beland put gate AL ee G=l Wkch is Nt dhich Bat oSdums + From Hit it on be eencludd Hat THe. outta and Bote alstays! Gechhmestty - ; Die cacnt her 2 stable atata > Actctaty ube Get and Acsctatehy| Fnpete £0 cgeast tg Gilad ‘V Bit mematy Gal 2) Ret Sit inform atin afeked in the CiRGaT 74 Tetehed in fhe crz.cat > Se a on s a —-{s > aaa ate Lagie Symbols ~ a { o p Si *SK hate Te, Ghrarder He. TRg TAU. ah. WH Qa. a eh. watfod HV doly when beth the. taprcta oreo if ary ane of te inpub fr” + The oudfed Gutt Set R20 : Gtert- S20, Rel at ON fa infuds Pe detand mee gabe el Se T=0 + Since beth the inputs to fitat per gee ie 0 of @=t- a Se the latch 16 datd do be “ser” a TON th the inputs to fisst neagah fe 't' be Qzo Sing bath the imple Setand made gate ie 0, cutpet @ = | = Bing G20, the latch ta Said te bX RECET’ FLinG ome of the inpuctec to beth Noe gates ate'l’ Ke ted. ke cutfats Sheth mem gates Les Gand F ate 'o’. ° 1 ae oe HT Mace both Band T. Gra be 'O the tate Gf the lateh is acd fo be “Duvatze’. + Aésaning Gao Bal fe Outpt ch. Setand negate tat” G0 ak beth te inputs ade ‘Ol S Lt The outfit of fintt Woh gate ia ‘Sct tha tapas ote cl and Bly te ontpde @ and F i Same ar Hat assumed. Hence ih Sersiss fn" previous state” Bel Agsuming Oat Qe 20, the oulfait of Pash ner gate tat ag } Leth te inputs ase 0". Teo + Me outfit of Second Woe gah 14 ‘0 as Ke inp ts ke Bal | Thoth Table | ¥ The output Q ced Gis came at thet assumed > ee t Aeraing in" ftevinn achat”y @ Be 3B tatehk Clany Mion pice F D+ 4 a R LG j Zag Syedel oy | | Gontrdes the Tacth Taute of ce on i een) gut is £ 8 2 AB. t Me output ia ‘0! only when beth the sinfude ore)’ ° . + The out i Wf any ore of the Infud= ta ‘0’. Jie ° + Si0G one of te Infuls te fret Mase yee ts’o Qt + Since beth the inputs te gecnd Nano — t So the lath is Said te he “sev”, z SET i Gaur, Heo. ® Sind one gf the inputs te KeGend Nando gate io) Qel + Since both He inputs to fingt wand gaia Waco t Sin O20, the latch is said th GO" RECE + Bing one of the. inpude to betd Nara gee ose'0) the oulfade of beth mann gata ies Gent Gate’ © Gece bolt ond D Gans be’ the Stabe Me latch ig baid fe be “Trvatzn". \ + Assuring O20, He outp of Aaat ean lyche we'd os both the inpacta ate’ |’ + + The. outfit of kecond NAD gake i8 ‘1 gy tte tnpols ave Of and I's The outfuds ard Bix dame ot that atauered . fence tt Sensing | In paevioud atete”. + fldsuming O21 Azo, The oulput of second NABD gabe ia ‘oa oth the inputs wae |! + The outa of fuat Wann gate ie as the topube ato! and V: F The outputs Bend Q ig dame as Mat asguened + Herce it Semaias jf in" baeviow athe”Tale Tale ¥ -~o-olm ° ° i ' aR Po-% pl- 0 x Parvin Shache, +NAND gate SR lath Uddg NANO + FONT gates ate Used to St He Complimentary FONT gahs one Replaced by Lhovted NAN. , Constdes fhe, Thutk Tatle of sd gabe a Y= Aa fateh Requices Fand Z 04 inbubs fnpite . a Legie. Diaggam Gsetr- = = : ’ Se Reet Hts inputs 1 Ubbes Cecand nin’ geté tat Set ° @ ard there fare outbid O21. I Finke both Heinuds te feat Lean Nano gpte: ig ‘1 a the outpd” Oso, h ‘ ! Reo ; + Sete lath w daid bh be"ser", Gin - $20, Reh : ' : i One of the infuta to lor Send NAND gabe tuo” S04 and therefore eudfur Tia an) ' Mince both the inputs te upper seGrd. nary gate 14‘ & the output Q2 0. ee HS O20) the latch ie seid to be Reser"! emaiggesl,w then ere laf He tofu He hott ob be ond hatch fecnA) nano Daten aetat ate oudfta af holt) gates Pee Oecd ihe HSemee bath Qaant @ nnd de." Bnet bet The ptnde. of tte. Yet! iA aid Whe Davanze” Pee ie Bevarze”. ree 1 et TN aro TF Abduming Qeo Lal the autput” of tte teed pnb ete! 140? os beth he Trpute one!” Ree 1 Bar + Te output of lows Secand Nand gat | 1210 on the inpde ose fo a‘ : i * The cutfute acd Din kame on tat ataured: Here itt 4 Arumaina tn” pAsvinns sche”. Soo. — Qs) oF Assuming Bt Reo. te outtuck of lowes decor Mars z E ; gah utc! a beth “hss tape ake al ane L Aso The ont of abba geeand AND Saka tat oa tte inprcde . ane ‘Sand ‘1 The ouput dant G te Sama 08 that assumed. Hence ® Remains im" previous State! The. Gated 5% Lath ua NARD § Ps The oped for both he Se Latch and SH [ehh oe cxjeckiorps (amet dies change tn Value of thete in pute Causes. on Frmediocte change of. the output + A Gated se lacteh (Se Latch with ye) je veed te allows te Paput chenget do be effective. only duting a pauci thed pesrod of. time, t Abode St. lateh Gnsiatt af ER Latch alvrg esith 2 additional MAND gate axe a. Control Input Ic” Referred to or Ke crable , qate o& Clock Input 4 The cable infu C! deche§mines| esher Hil cond A inprbl became. offebtive - + | | | 4ss 8 ate se & “y Gaels foal al, is oa ote ® degre Sybolt sel Reo st K 1 es pp Gse23* Fables! S20Ret Seo, D ica Ra A a 4 ei Coseti- fiable = 1 Scheel {Calera frable@) ‘ R Loge Diagtorm + The outed of 18 puqnn gabe i4'0 and 204 papese gate TT + Thesefote, Ke orc of 34 ane gate ial ve Bel + Since both the inkubs + 4 Nano gate oe @z0 + Meangere “SET~” + The output af tF nAaetn: qacde 16 “eee aad gabe ao. t Mercfose tte oufft £ at san gate te "Vee Qed + Since. beth the inpula te A Rane gate ase tS a + Thesnpre” RESET” . bay + Te output of Lott 1fand smd Wine gekes ane ‘0’ + Since of tte infuca fe beth 26d and ght wand gets oxe'0. the outfits Qard Bone ‘i’, = Sin bel Cand @ Crack be the thte ia “Znverzy + Aesisming O20, Fat, bit the infuba h 27 ppne gée ont! ord Herefere @20 which te Bama os Hel ageumed t Hence jt Zematoal in previous tebe # Reasoning QO) a0, beth the inputs to ath NAnB gabeae’ I God theacfece 22° whieh tx Same og Hat atsumed $ Herc it Remales in" pAevious Stee” « Reo feos nla au] ea 1 © o[ 0. tre ooelt «Paes tee vloa 5 tere ada 7 feat | Us ieeaeca een tet ee oll Re awalid fea /oor xalieny Previn shde tela ee fe 4 ox x |x On| ueante D dateh \- Cosing ann) Dyateh menna Bata Latch an Delay beteh on Ty mo, als 8 a b. t se al 2 es: & ay degre Symbol Uk, OF 0, the outfud O20 » Thenefar se Wha Da L fhe oaths Qe l, Teryfore “SET. | Tsadk Bits if ; 37a a@| ed |@. Hoe eee cll ri [el Igy ey eae ox |e @ 1 i ox: apse . aL 1 a : Hin of he SR hatch \ A fitch Dehountes + + A Gromer problem hveliing Seoitcher fa the Occurence of Gntact bounce * 4 With Ha center contac af kL duslteh by ite houses foaton Ctermnal 8), the velhage | is EV volts ustile FR vo Mage oct teeminal Ar (Upper fesitien) 12240. 4 Rou if the Canter Gantrct ia moved from its lowes pesitiin fo its Upper poartton then i€ & noted Hate He voltage at fkminal @ firat becomes Bese, followed by He vollage at terminal fi becoming +V volta. | Aap. Aczult of Gatact bounce | the Center Gntact of the Switch eaves: terminal A Gassing Ke outed Volbage ot ‘hed teamina) be Retin te ere and fer shor Aetusnieg fo feamined A Gating the Voltage at fim A te bsGow velba ogee 4 Thid ofening ard Clobing effect. doc te Han Apdingineda of The. Contacta may cecax fever Himes before the Contes Gatact” of the snitch Aumains in its upper poatton - 4 Dt Gn be nehd that during Contact beunce the Center Contact deer net Achesn all the Way fo Feaminal B. + Te fet Z Grtack bount i¢ Underisable- + Gortect bonnte gain oecute eahen te Suitch 4x’ moved foarte upper position be (ouser position : 5 + 85 the use of SR Latch the effec of Gntact bounce ik eliminated gait the Cincast te Glled” a Sattch Aebouncer ,+ By we of tA teieninals + Feo ne SR kath Sema Aactakh t D 4 Seiteh Debouncey Fi Flee ore Gteaerixed inte + Ldge Trggena Flip Fhe oxe Ve, v itcnon Awiatsts. agi’ of The SA Itch whenever Ke Cates Gato A ook B fees Whueven The ste shen the Cents Coastaet mares, fave tin te Sach Ttahe until dine the @ outfit of SF Latch a Bp the Sst ooo ofeat, ab a Aasull HeSand R ferminals af the Acich Guser Lia oper re aes pesiftes 7 te upper Pediton | J Hea conte Gnfact Aerches Teiminal values age wsuadd at Sand ef he tutte ia act Gorected belomes Vi ef Gata bounce, tin Fe ‘oo Bard @ outputs fe Aewain Uncharpd is TU Ry ee ei inet te ° Va TM — lo D Edge Targgerd Flif. Flefs “i Mash Slave Ff Hb Partive Liye Biggetal Ff Fifa i) Negwcee Lye Tgyetal Fp Fle — Mh Flot 45 (Pulge Tagged EbR Fads)ad F Gp ~Plop i a) let ON Felge Riygerirg « +p dent Tragesing , we dacfict sale 1» the oe atypeat Hi L th a \) Rashes Level Tigassig:: \ | { aS alivds “TRL output of. helch Gann perda te the i oF ee << 1 Ind? changes only ealani te eral eat f s W a) Negative devel Taggestog ~ \ tHe dates xp teh Gasespenda te tHe kd de eS : 3 inp changes only usher fs enable inp 9" - + evaded Ey mw - 2 Sige Hagan. stp “Alafende de The cheagen stl ita lor “ Pa edge of the eleele and hen che aty pes +) Pastbive Lege Tigges of ee Lge Tg ening 3+ + aie Aasperd to the pe in the aoe in only oh the HVE eof. Re Clo ‘| chal in ee ipa che pH cht eee 5 tel ted al | Ww le gas “ = yey 1 a TRecasipet Aap end te the, chergis 7 the. tnfoce Ste only of fhe Ve edge of the dfaife pula ot | fhe cleckelimpu + [op Thee cidcust is similar fo Se Lecteh execpt enable Bignal Oh geplaced by F. clork pate (et) falboed by ec. detictea Cikesit + 7 7 a The Age detect Cincatt i 0 ciffeectiahs ont Gu: be. a. positive cate Pay | ciacuit 0% negodive edne thig get Ciacnit L 1 anne y | poste Edge Tagged 6, FTE FA positive <, bea citeutt wt. 4 aH i ; re Tagie Syrte] : Logic DiaghamLegic Symbol | Truth Table» - Pn the fowtve edge thigseted se fiik Pip the patitve edge cbcbrcha ciacatt | Ig Uaeb and the Ciacat ouffut: Rerpondy at the faites edger oP clock pulte To Te onde ads, tiga eas oe Pb Ip te. Negetine edycdefichss CaO 18 vacd and The CAGE ouput Ruafiny ct te Negetive eget oP ‘chele bale 12 [cheleed 0 lp Flop} A : tot ia the, moacifred 80 in FAK Plopincshich IR tas inhuby one, Gomplermatte each | ‘ Poche Ee je Tggered DF Blah v" le. ey ‘ Te 5 a Tun fated & be | edge LI Y Zeae Symbel detect pt a tt R Spade i Mage Bing pam Beeb ab rate Syntes d Truth Tables. i i boevefrrms. i 1 EP DB] Onn eet Lk LE a Fre| e a at t i : aoa sl) are me LC ie o x] Ow & L | D iS tale a ap Logic Symbol 1 Truth Table > + 0 flip flop ie alas Gilead Dela + Clecle period. 4 Pe output of D — Negehve Bdge Tar gered p-Fhp Plop t: ative aU a

rs 14 Connected ty it D inpulm - Sash mie es oudfub is (enon oa toggling of! flibflsp output -locked Tle FR PAE - tthe Uncatainty jn the Mate of on S@ FLIP Flap when Set Vn he oi. by Grverting Ht int a Th FUKPlof « vat + TAL date inbutd ate Tort fe whtch au Anoed ith Dani a Aespectivdy 4.1) Sand @ i 4 fobs, and @ inpocl : ef i 1 ; ; aa ae — Ta ‘ tol eat ae mae ae se - 1 aye er yep rip | = | Dra i o| a Logie Symlel ee « Dinghan CF ke Flip Flop Using SR Flip Pep) Cleeked Tle Flip Flop Cadi Tel, Keo ! \ |, |e Assuming G20 VA=l S=1 and Red. ik eae Reo. He oubfud of 24 whan gabe ia 1, fp ft Sind bote He inputs 1S Wane gah ate feo. of IT as gate tao? he <4 o |e One of the tape te a4 ane gate ja'o! aa aa eet woe wey MD # Hence the Blip Php in said POLL “cer” ~ prsinlatly , Obsuming Ast Q=0 S20 anh Rad- # Since £20 ord Rao, fremthe SRTALHKTabl These ib ne Change tn oud fut + Therefake 0.21 ond Bi=0 land hence: the Flif Pop is daid te be" SET’, et pees filey Wied iti S20 and Re0, ! ih theroudfut and G20, Gal. i + Hence: the Flip Flop re dail do ba icceT". + Absieming Qt e070 Seo and Roy! ; FSine S20 and Ret. fhem fhe Se That Foble 'Q20, Ta|- (pF Mere Me PIL FMD is taid to le “Reser”. = st 1%wt? pr? Gangs Too. Bee apmsnng G20. Kel S20 cod Revenbactrding I he. S(t ToaSk Table, Hess (6 : monte « fhesefore G20, Tal. 4 Aayonng Qt S20 ant Reomrh actetding ns change io capes Jasefore O>l- qe. ja Thasnfre Ht Keenan Io “previews thet) bial i | { Wet fe RL Sh TRath Table, thee is | ae change § de the ‘se Thoth Toile. Sel and fizo ond scandy $20 od Rel pe) aco ading be the. SA TRoth Table toggles th i Php edge es LY Reset se OOS ig i aaop. - hen teres the get vill change OF oad sill chan back te O=0-, uo os will eit until He Fl! lancettain « Ths “gitwcdiin te Koons 4 Te bate dition existe taken te 2 F ‘s aahially #1? ard Had IND equal & e ce ie at —pArcpagedion delas Chocked T-PbbElbY + poebegtion ley + T Hip Pop 04 olde Foowsrs 04 Feggle Flip Fly + T Pte Fp tt a modiftcaten of Th riiprap Fond ke teyetter T Th co z a] Du Logie Syme Jake! - r ff “a a tS PRetn pie, ge ontpst Pgs? je the oofpst M8 f Hseegh 2 wand ple in deh OS ctesel of ant hA fime in pactegetion ; 1 aad of fh plop im chaabled and Te value. of GH fate- giourd Condition. b pat. ak th obfainad by Gneeeting bolt Me input 21 Layic Diag harm 16Wave fete crete Lat ¥ a : a] poatis = Slave Flip Flea Case - Tagged Flr Flops s+ | 2 The propeaty of having He Hmicg of > flip fof Reafonse bei adehd os Got! input 83, nal it achieved wh masts slave fle ve and Syelieggee fnphy) page 7 Corsten from 8 Giles SB dalle 4 Wee A masts Slave fit ff Gobight of 2 Gacaded sections, each Gpeble of Bhosing bint byoobel« : + the faaet tection ix master and the Aelond_ section is Slave Es + Enprmration de catetad inte the noga'ted en one edge oa level of acntarl Signet Ly ih trons fetsed te The Slave on He peel edge of level of the Gate Aigral se Throats slave Se flip fap is Gostduchel phen 2, SR lateher and an inverter Teippae Ins Sek AO bted fr defand Aeset He Php fof = % i 4 ngral Cs tied He Te Contael in put Tine» ; a eee se a alaml tor ou Lp vets» 9 oie) A Come alate The Thani ‘He rye uo Vado oh 5 nubile ; sou inglie ke 2 clack (et Me soa R La ~~ & a Legie Diag fam Ading Gated $A Loctches _ oe Motes enabled Gi, Mesies dtiaghé iS daablds At he He Mats 17 ‘dizabled Henge Stave in Some Ytabe ao Cocke Ce) lie! | the mati) ine On By OP , 1 slave afaabled KA iL Qtte mails are Competed teh a0 7 1 . aI ey TS ot Rr te Bs fe Shove Slave. 3 3 'y Enabled ! FF Tine. le, Uh Mi ccm ny the ntl gl : c Fe od 4 oe Heath athe es at the outfit tesmral ix vacd t Foply it fest foned until the end of the pulerperied n 3 ~wha co0 BIR Hemmant ir diab as 1 ia ete latch ard aay in Seed KR ahpal O64 igneded . i PAT PR Kame Bee gle te enabled dae te Ba pRenence of. invertis, * a Bente Fa alae te in tha dame time an Phat of. Ha mayhs din% Oy ard a cutpota of the move age Ganechd ty Sard & inpult of Me shue supe + Fa Contin! Signal slack fe Ale) He Slave disabled dic mater Aemaina disabled . & A Be Contd Aigeal gisca to te, the mostes ig enabled + Nes if Aeapords te the infin Send @ Mines. PSinte aleve iz divabld . any changes on mocks will net Refhet on the clave - + Asin at ty, fhe math is dlaabled and at &, the slave ig enabled. 7 Dusicg Siting tly and fallng edges of Conttel aiqnal, both Phe mester | 4 fatehes age d2eabled . Truth fable | Slave Pesie. Diegteen Uring Retul SR batches 15 A HEE OQ Tate fy Par4\ - GK oo Dam Kitty | Truth Tablet - : j, “Ose hem i Mostes slave Ile Flip Flop Gonatating ca Checked TREK Flop as meshA ard, clecked SR Flip Flop os Slave + Clock Sigval it Conmechacl chincty te He riater Fk php. but it te Connected Thsougs Tovertes te the Slave Flip Flop - | 1 These, tee inftmating preetof the Tet ini thread tu | outfud of. mastre Elif lop on thn pebrtive Clock Pulee and iE te held “here uth i dive clocl- pula ea offs IER A te alhwed + fost Rroggh ko he outfif cf slave Php Flop. t : bUhen Tel, kao) the mostig tela on fhe fesitive Clecles The oufft Qm=l Asjoct fae S info of the clave - do at argadve clecle slave eh, | HUhen Too bal He castes Aatela onthe pasrtve clock «Me high oulpit G.=! | gous te The R infut-oft the aleve» Therefore, of negative [clocks aleve Resets. they Tal, leat, mocha toggled on the pasitive cles and slave tan Copies The culfict GL rorter on the negate clecls At Bi Instat feedback inhuke & | Hh cocetes flip plop are Gmplemerted but ax ofa negative half of tha clock pulse, masts flip flop ta inactive ~ T&ik CVoida Anca. afound Condition . Ting, Diagn 0X Mosby Slave Th Flip Alef 7hand t's Gactehing } - Y TL te ghve bteh d ehetad Signed 16 1 Goaan thes mantel ladeh fo [Ruel and tha Aubseqvedly aaah Ine shove becoming Auge hen dee etal Aignal Kaban 0°. This bela ain tle Destate, Keno lngte Fon he BK input line life Ty Brew as O' Getehng | a TEM Slave ia Ghaing a On fect Wee ag i { Leap eee Iagie <1 on He Tifa nk while thn Ceca Srgad tet Goren the masts ledch to be det shrek subsequently Rusulte in the | Setting of. aleve when the occurens of he falling edge of the Gonbhel signal » Than behavtes 1 Frown ag a ue S “4 t \ \Chogoctisinhe Equation | + chasachesinbe egualten of Po fFh php hy Th Poll a lich He Sequined tnfuls PR a gin charge of Mate te Hicertion Table of fe ftp feb «| ) Se i Bucelin Bhles > SA] oe PE, = o|- el- 0 a | jesrnaf Sieblificction'- j 7 feo ot tt 10 sh of sf ele} i Wel Fhe algebsnr ceacsifltin ef He muet atate takh af a fib tip ia called te bean a4[5 | (upelbe s+ covsee of EE — fe Te EhLrok Simbhifieatenn Fa es. ha, TNieget ou <3 = a’ Sic] | SRFIipFlop t= Tle Flip Flop Grveraien 2) SA_Fih Flop te b Flip Flop s— : eee et State. | Next thde | Flip Fp Dopuds Qn R D 2 1 t to 8 ° t Bs t lo(lp Flop Touts S# Fhp Flep to T Flib Flop Grversion 4) Tr Elih Flo & ce Elip Flop. [tabete | Preset Stabe | Nest State | Flip Flep Dap £25 on Ont Tt ° 2 ° k } 1 o ° ° ‘ ° sexecvon baTK Fp Pip PD FLF eee eo oxe me te TRLprby * Next Hote T Flip Pop Top TKfogs Diagtan | = TRjors Sik ji a | Tk Flip Flop to T Flip Flop Conversion | 3) D Flip Flop te S@ Elif Flops — Topute me State | Met State On -- 90 00|n 21,010; Seg .01| = 0-0-0270 3) D Flip Flop fo _T Flip Fapo® | PAuent state Meset Stabe ae an Ont Flip, Flop Inputdegie Diggins © ett] ! pee D FIBER LT Flip. Flop Cnveasion D: TORQ, a) ahiy Pip to Te Fb Flops osha Flif Flop Dopo Da ip Fo fo D Flip Flek > -T Fiib Flop +e D Flip Plob Grved zion a D Ftp Fed bh Se lip \ rz \ Touts | Pract Stak | Nexh oh 4] + Sa Sn con ts i oo 3 : ° i °° Fi g ! oot ° iS eo. ; ; v ° ° y “ t eee : re ° . i 1 3e ey ' ; ; x Kemah 3 - : Fox T 3 ! = oer o1 Ute 1 ol ol=|mlo} : iopeferel TesO, + Ra, | : i T Flip Flok 48 Se Php Fick Grvermet 8) TFEb Flop tT Flip rag. Peeves Eaputs \ Preset State | Next State ¥ Is An Bort ones E ° 2 oo ' t \ ane © © ° 1 ty ° res ° 1 t ° it 1 1 ' 2 1 t 4 t ° ail 22 seweea wn centsETL hase fanction wf a Agustes du ade rmokait available by Me logic elements d 4 Only a init _nwenbes of 0-1 Gmbi dung Gn be shad ino Augiates and ead! of these & and is Known at Atate of Galent of fe Ayiates . Heat ase Gpalle of ereving infasmadion posifin wien Upon fh ecesene) \ | | nal ake Called SEE Aggictera . Unditectinal o& bidiaectionl , based om He! + Regptess of © chek aig $ flan sentra abe classificd of ralgiment ef informattin in ent of “ae jour age clasifted o& Serial ox Posalfel . hosed on Ha manned in and od pilied PRom Rygiths \ US mennes , all He on! Syenbole ly oa op entity ing ding digectiona, + Rigis Sch infoarnation ix entehed iste J tshan ha infatmadion it Tana ferred ino fora Phat Gnpsise The. infomation he fandld Aimalteieoss { inflamadton inslves Re Sgetel hy Ayn aqvatlabhly ; al handling of of the infotirndion in tine Ceguerte Bess date mavernest_in Registra bb f > (ett hes te Ch feared cpr Left Refate Right | Seal ahsfk Right > Deby te fn gap | “eee Parallel Sk ft Zn Daath Rote. heft Paral ght Out 29 L eee1) Serial Tr Sexrah oud (6080) 2) Sertalda Pratt ott Certo) 3) Petallel Za facalted ou (feo) 4) Pakalleh Bn Semel out Clitso)! ) g Saint Tr Sosa Out, Untdigectteral ghyer Reister io" FER o usdicechna aft sequter te Gustsachd from positive ge Piggerl D pbb pls + : ETH oatfat oP cach PEA PYL ® Gonected te aD inact of he flip ff de tH Agr) + Te Gotad joputa ¢ all he fli flops are. Gonacted Together fo A Gmmon dynchaeniging Aignal Called fe. clock « # Thos, upen the occusente. of a fosrtive edge of Heelock atgnal, the Gotert of rock Php flop is shifted. Badal to fhe pee % Z F The Conctint of the left-math flif flop opter he chelargnal defends upon tee Aignal vale, on He geste) dat in te Theputpict fiom the thi rites oceure at the Brak mege Pith Blob on betel die out Jim. © Bight meat Ath flop on he. So ketal ata, out © SE s0 Untdigectiond Shft Regahesr + het the tie contd Kh Bloke i | that Te inbek Nol Pea sean i Me $250 ERE Remus Aequttee (2n-) clock pulacs ahift n dite of date + Mlsays load L806 first itdSng te Pah foailiow cage of fe Ae btpds of Tb Lh AI fed de Bp td, Ansl- Qe =o anh Ap ed. on Qp rte Me> ® QerL Apeo- nel, Walco, Aal> 1 Tapa 1 L r ° Vp tLe i 4 ‘ ‘ T ‘ at U ' 1 chick ful, Op el and al alten aulfot Arrnater ‘a! fbf fp a he MA AM TL give as inguleplififlof Heaplar 24 pensfive qe af clock poe aL akP data BUEN GA glven ds Infudie flop a fetes a foattivnedan of dock pula be git dada GE TTR given an tafusde te MEHL A Mfr a2 foridive edge gf ch fle a AHA SI, Cand 716 fosidivn edge of clvele pulte the 24 tek (oS ALEC) alll de Recaved af fe ouffud of 0 FUP ffl Aal- ' ye 7\ASLECL Fak t ‘i Bad she. © ela o V tegen ate als i ore Pre yor a, eto l i LA - ean Getral Tr Patalte) Out Unidigactiona) SMft ut Q >.) a cane 2 Obit) ad ely 1 ot Parnttel date out + Me Sipe gkft reget Regus nr clock pulser fo shift nm bite of data « # Allosyg lead La fiset- \ i+ Sey ally - + The date Holt 4 ye ant bite athe suifsk ake. Taken 0 | Timing Diagtor’, ~ alt fapebe te Talal hee Ba Oy Be dp 70000. i foadud tnt Blip fo} yy Alnating ftom bn bil fast pth in blini [a® manned 0 SLSO het all Sil, into of oh EATER xc simallencorse TRE o,o 8 Ty { Za frsallel Out shee Regpates aN ) t Parallel dicta inpes i Parallel dadm oud Papo Skt equates pode eet Regichs Requires, | AGed= Io) vs applied Almult Fuse a “ paneer gf multancoualy te all fit lie wis othe OE © pap hat 3A, 8.0 fed enthang data in porellel inte the aageter | te Shift [Lend je The Gti! input eshichalloog shyt of leading dala operation of Awista — & Tfdote @ inpot lines | re foo. gd 6, By ote ena allsig cachinbct data | IL Git de be. offlicd +h D input of Hts Respective Flik Hop \ | apphed - The fp fobs wiih Del ill bet od Those. + Toss all 4 bite ate stoped aimudtencously . 7 gets 4 Banh ate dts cbled and gates babe, be} ane eoilled «Fis allose: Ha te shift Aight fem one abyets nact | eta cs Hed heh of the fi fia alls elles Me pacalte] dak vt ofriatin od shift operation ,, depending on akich AND gates ave. enabled | re 1 by He ler! on the hft/Load input. \ + Wher a clock pulee 14a He Algates sre ct he adedin fatal). ‘ age. oberotiems, ib The fost Hex otemreres of hee, Baad ER tose gett tg 9 of o Mewereal ghey Raydes Gowiate of The Miftecets 1s dave z obbiopiieks infu whan O°, ot VO Gs pelectal ant } Bin chy Oe fh afin J edge See Vig Sled nad Creal! Cancel Me athe ft Memtate tuck det sete nok i festa ag gt ak te seca fraeation en the fstall) tabed Ite te Htaratfeated in Me Kegirden Kiera Hancewily and it poaialtel brad opesationHold (ne change) Shift Right shift Left Pasallel LoadJD Drees Re fagie eb | foitoos yom ofc et bir shift Acgieles with & Deflip flops and Ext mulliplaced cathe made. detection input Sy ond fo The Aagictes oftates =, Reguater Operation Ne change. Campers cleat to 0 Lood Padallel dala TERR eloce pe ! | D Darga = @bit Argater usi c | ing positive edge fargzened DB Llik fl opesecte | ep indiotd in the table bel mi facta I Meda Select a, Ae Held Bynchonaus Clos Gmblemet Grtertc Cineiles Shift Ry a6 le as she i is intaliged doth only te “atte ble He offs are initan © ete the odjacet| a Crodes hfPour Stagg tf au waked. ty a Reyuerte 4 Pro tedin is pox t aha ee j hath. all fie Sglathue ote eleated | H ( I ue Bic haggted gee Ftp Pap snd ofes clok flee Oy Al Fees he ede tlt de By Oy Ay 10a “ one re Abhi oY chek falta 1&pq csttt be shifted de Aq or pit oly eh cde ped, Quill be ahifted ts Oy are) Paces 2ebady ‘ ~ be 98482, 04 Eqig dug sem’ dhe nd. } iy ee wl etl an sites se on pub Olp fo Rac’ & ul + Yi | \ ONT Uoct pel , dhe eis alne 4 e ae we Bede by 9 tne ge et Panay dea fh : tdi Ring Kouba ¢ ary u tab - Wy og cure Mah fees denied mn enc Bing Gunter 14 TRE Tolnsen Gunter , + In dhs Gunter, HhaQoutfub- of cach Stge ia Connected th D inhda of rect and The cmblemec ofthe Last Cargitroet) fib tlh sequer as the input | the fast (left meat) flit flop | t Trthally - lee Qn Qe Me 0 = 0000. The Ganplensnte of fast Pip flop Pe Ge 21 28 abled ca iapud-te fiat fife) So Oy ct Oy Sao Qa0 He GeQy Ae Looe apts 1 clock pial. + Adtex ae check fulte. Sy & ay = 1100 + Mabtecers Gntinws ad afte Pcleck pulse He paccrt Aefeate . | + A Fobnsen Gunter Gnarshicg of in Pip Hops hee 2m dtifes in itz Ganting Sqr | a eLLy Pua (as t : = ' weet toyz at Qe ol 4 cP AP 7 8 The aing countit Conhe wd fey toudks Q eer toucla ds + 5, eT nok ns ad 73 dad Rae ee Ptah bt a sac pecke ks sf Aq robe Hots at te 2 fuictt eS Cone+ That, He Tohnaon Gants Requifer only half. the number of flip Flops Ganesh] fot Stender Ring Gueet- ‘ BAIL YA and O14 at led ard the equance Gr be dleca ded using 2 inp And gate | eA durated Bing fied foubd fing Gushe and fom the Conrding beguance bY Grnecting Ge ¢ Bath afele ie detectable by ute of Aingle 2 1} Guates having an odd numbes af Atedes Gn be deat in tha dtate Gnaiatiog ap all te Ty tr tou af lefttenact bff {Ish input AND gate. > oy . é le 4Axanple of a Reatater, a [+ Bie. PRimety fancdion is fe paoduce a Specuped oul patt ex, J++ Zt jo aleg GNCS a4 Pattern Ganische : ete J Re onthac pattern of Guitir ie knowh'de Lsdetl deal \ [+ = tel monn gies atc Nt SC tle [ER Gentes hoa m dishnel aah, then ee i seen noes i & modulis—m Guitter or | +The Guating beguenc ia the OAdet ih cohich fhe 4 Seo In oNich he. etectea abbest and is ceneil depicted) repressed by a dincctl g2aph led = Stabe ingen oY : GF State diag rey of a Cunt Binoy Ribble Gurters 1 -~ ‘ Giunta uhode Counting sequence GAkubords t that of binaey niacrh q lr ng, : ¢ inacy ntnbets ose clled cf Binary MERA {> The modular ¢ O bivary Countes is 2? where nia he number of, frp flop eee tenn eat ates i ©] TP Ke: Gurding deprente|ia| fom OF}. 0) te Mets tar the Gade 1s Gllled Bineay Up Counter, | a del Sf ,) + Tf the courting Begone 1S from Ul —f-- ley fo) Oo... Pe fie He cartes 15 Ged Bineky Down Guts - fv | Bip Cmte, ote implemoded using fatifive elge tig gered T- FAA Flake ae—claaified a inchfone Counts sere Gunter / Ripple Couoster lg : Auyachzenoss Garter A te Pip flor ote net cleked ginulbnesusly dos Sf enrerl They produce. Aelocling AMA + og B “s They ote Gl led Sestal Gunter Ts Cady. VSgncktenova Gants PAW The Abb flops ose chebed Smulbrenaly- + High ahead + Thy does, rat predate ony detoding + They ose. called paseltd Gunks + Dagrad inmplenertahen 16 Complese + Boas} will oferettete oy dered Goat Detign ond implemestectiin wil ofetacte. ery to a faced Gount sequence (UP/doeN) * £5- Rib HLve cous), Ripple Sequence ar * fy = Ring Covet , Tebrson Gutter vo cane Eneble inh Lagie Diagtamn of 4 bt Binasy Sikple Up Casha“DU UUPLAeie Tf fed ee Te eles Le leerg nets eee sii ee pia pea Seema ee as Ee ‘ Timicg Diag Ram « + Since thins a qbit of Gudea, TPomedala iat #16 and if Gunfing 22st eS ke Wey * + The inl Lh Gunht ls A Gut enable st ce esies 2 Fi ithe Fp trite ore eee es «efph + Aa long ag fre Gunt enable Signal ig loge) Ke ATT bist chendes ahetes | gaenth fesrtine tage of a een Of ef chang ate | + Fhe Garteol Input tre. G@ of Khe Remaining flit £4 Cane te The & outfit of ite presion ondey flip fap ing fig fps is a Fe Guster is Asbamed fe be initially in its O00 Sth ond Te Gout enable} signal 4 legte -1 + . + Upon ae 0CCu Bena of He pesvdve edge of the pirat Gust puler, tke Qe fp flop changes te ite te alee i , 1p Since the: @ cuff Teserinal gees fhom logic | to hgiceo, flpf Q % ni pepfected Ly the np polae « Te atte of the Gunter in mows ove! « When Ke pod ive edge af the d4Grd Gut pulse aasiver, Qe Pup ff #8 gain toggled - Fea tn if Rectesna fe its O-State hence the Gy outtake gus fiom gic? hejien 1, euthve ede offense of He. tactnel topur of Re. @, Plt flop and Geass it % Aga tote of Ke. % Pp feb clus net Affect The Q flip flop ++ The change in & Sin & negehve cya occute at its Gnttel input “|The atete of the Counter et Bo erd of decord Gust pole is Ovlo. le The Hind Guat pulte Causes! only Be Pip fap ® chogge atefe anf Me countds become Ooll - ! f the foonth. pulse oceans - The Ge Piif Hop xefasns & it ben he fostthve edge ifs o-etates Pris Cras o positive dye fe occur at & teeminal and fl ftpy Feggled Retiqning iets ite Om atate » ’ I os <—Ze Aadiden, Wher the Q, fh ffl pe gt 8 Beye! i Pt Chay what, fe ay fib b Aryghd Garter nes Sb HL hinaty nunhet Slee al he G, ovthds teteningl « The Re Winary Ganting dtqente Geatinunt nti scned is oa cos Jrlae Coorer fhe Oy flip fab tabek A hadn Gouge fhe Up fleh te ils O- state ond firally lif fly Be actean i O- Senate fe oe ie ita FTE any fasthes coust pulder ose applied be the Gunter - Phan it Athrabe FY Gusting SEquente- + The binody Geant is Enea od 0 Rif ple Counter Bing © change in 4% ot He Sinn ftp fle is used te Aggie & fliptlp Thos te of eof & Count pole must Aipple Baeugh te Cours. a Ripple Gounksa Re also Acfrsd ho Aaynckseneet Counters we Seiling tine. fok an no ate binasy Ai fle Gunite belemen nx tpt hese abe ja the paepagetion ‘dee at aueciatted aiken fip Pah - 1 fh. Count MI 14 Arached « als Aedusn tits ote Court Foeble’ Logie Diaghar for 46 [p00°020° \ + binoky Apple Deer Gantt a Counting SyrenSy pehsenon Binary Gawker ie Atel aptoeiathel ostth Biffle cevrdea ta canis he Gurk flier aie applied isectly fe the cotsy} fish flop» Tha Covses ot the. for flop Ni cb ange delay assecichd ail a hitb erty + For Aypcksonnay Courtear inputs -'C) oft all chekul Simultancealy after he apprrAdiate prepogatten Single Php fleh- Goaatenae. Tr aka, . pu ee a a qeant pulacs bit Syrchaanses binary Up Gurtes + The Goat pulser ate app lred fo He Conbael infud C of each clocked Plip fap + A& long oy fhe Gurtes is enabled ie. Ke Guat enable signal tg Agic -L Re rs Hoos Ha. binary Gonting Beguente > fhe. lowest order flip flop Qe. feggles on Ke fositioncelge of each Guctpulac . The Anse gate preceding each De fetminal of Ke Semsining flit flops detects fall the boer order fiif fobs ate in Heid | stra and if, This Condifiin ta Satisfied, Then the. Fup Fah eggs upon The eccwterce of Ke positive edye of fhe Gun foler + Tey dpowlacks of. fhrs Ayrchsonous binary Gunter ase Dies a Pr inte i Hh AND - Sate. Grmnecteel fe the plefhf flop Thos if, < Gunter Cons ix a sy . jas ae peeves of Pip flops. Har And gate Raving a hegge | WL ote n Ste fe. Go| BG creer ek ee Rae the Bd 44Counleg equites 2 infds Qeed the, outfecl of hee cach FIAT i pot te he novel tes Ad gale « x Pasfegatten lelys ate incutaed hethseentle pesidive dyer gf Be polses duc te the Set Gonnection of AND geht. loud Gb! Synctenons LinaryG octet Vesttecion + Synckioneus Gunter ase fasts Har asynchsoneus Coches - fe Tela Hagel delese and the flit Flop phegecten ctelagin & Bynehaenets Franke Pek efetmines He Aah ath tohich Cunt pulaes Grbe apbhed - Th an osynch&onous| Gunta , He allowelle. Gant Polae Actes determin stage of the Gunter Kis implies that nn cuynehsanse | by simply the nat 3’ f cage s very oe Aelective i infud +) ij Prous bit Sypeksenous t | fe Te FAbBa | Aeches an T flip fife tha Kendling of The, fosallel leoe inputs Tg Ts, enatle Aigrale ate utligeds Ons ia te alles the fosallel loading of. the and a deCend te provide fox Gurtigg \ dats inputs Do Pi De ond Ds 4 Beth of these operations ote bynchtonized with the. prsitive Clgex Gust pl + Df alegic-0 16. oftpheel 7 Ke fad enable, line onda logic] is appleed de fhe, Goon enable line , Ker the neliroal: behaves os binagy Up Gunter 4S| > Paally ec hagieo applied h belt ea Jnnd enallicard wal enable Taare Whe Count prbsea che he Ygnoned aed Me Condes Ye piclrin il Contesk alert Since hayte~ on appeos ab the Towed Be tesminale af cach [lif flop Gant enable Lead enahle Melae an [nap gods psn gat tobe eg fennectes ff, 0000 - ap tin He Counting 6% ceunte te PE frka fe Jo hieaty duh Re 9 ey lost: f y castes The outpl ¢- Ihe. of Go Os al Count for edten> Count 8 Jocded «3% Pe 4 case. nte, legit! : SE age dead fanctin takes precedence oves The do tke food enable inp Me 2 Sine He! ate ost} te ra a 1s ° rr @e ° ot & ° 10 a. ° ie Q ° 0° 3 ° ot | : ° 1? | ° ct t °° f ot thee counting 4 eqaenee = dust poles Saynchrencts ped = IP Guts cherry Gacleh S- | poe s mchaenens Cones W3te obit f : ant | &s @ ay ded faometice 4 bil Syocbsornes © ‘ Count pulaes > “" wie toe 4Pt the, dhe Adel. af dhe upper ot bid bh unlee ia F1tt, which CoAF , ite gba aehet at chigife uf The bik binany Gunton, He a i Ondpede ignal Ta laghe- I: ’ i " FTA Signal i applied te te Gurl enable Inpul of He heses 4 bit Gounke ia wed fx tke a matt dignificent Sines digits of. he # bit Hi Hise Wag, upon the occusente of he positive Adge of Fenext c Count Aetuaes Te is doce State while the. lnirex Cremented by 1. Flip. Flag de ths popbenkint Tha ondlg ne] PE P| pep Chose chai she Sams , Reaerstod, | Iniggued. 7) SR FEEL TREE. Rs Psnamy Counkers , Lounlss | chwonot naan Bj toundos 5 loated, Ute Ragesherr orate Syndvwonont rhod-n Gurls vary Codd 1, Tu, and sR f6p- fons « ; \- [ ! | dedlcioy i | +4 Ra apher Ebit binary | a hit Binary Counter is in C3 | Ven 4 Ge 6. i f- 1 a 48 a - i al